Abstract: A novel liquid crystal compound useful as a component of liquid crystal compositions and a liquid crystal composition containing the same are provided, which compound is a phenoxypropanol ester derivative expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group or an alkoxy group each of 1 to 15 carbon atoms, F atom, Cl atom or CN group, but either one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.

Abstract: Racemic endo- and exo-1-methoxybicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-ene-2-carboxylic acids are starting materials for a novel and efficient synthesis of chiral 3R-[2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl]-4R-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1R-cycloh exanol, a compound having valuable central nervous system (CNS) activity, particularly as an analgesic and as an antiemetic.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel 6-nitroprostaglandin derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein A, n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are as defined in claim 1.The 6-nitroprostaglandin derivatives is useful as medicines because of its excellent pharmacological activities including platelet aggregation inhibiting activity, blood pressure lowering activity and anti-ulcerous activity, and useful as intermediate for other pharmaceutically active compounds such as 6-oxoprostaglandin derivatives, prostaglandin E.sub.1 derivatives, etc.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of cyclopropane carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of --CN, --COOH and --COOR.sub.1, R.sub.1 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a carbon homocycle of 3 to 6 carbon atoms comprising reacting at low temperatures in a solvent in the presence of a strong base a compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein Z has the above definitions and R is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or together form a polymethylene of 2 to 3 carbon atoms with a sulfone of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 have the above definitions and Y is an aromatic group followed by aqueous treatment to obtain a compound of the formula ##STR4## wherein Y, R, R.sub.2, R.sub.

Abstract: The following dipeptides possess a high order of sweetness: ##STR1## wherein X=O or S;R is alkyl containing 1-3 carbon atoms;R.sub.1 is cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, lower alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl, bicycloalkyl, bicycloalkenyl, tricycloalkyl, cyclic ether, cyclic thioether, cyclic sulfoxides, cyclic sulfones, aryl, benzyl, alkylaryl, aromatic heterocyclic or alkyl substituted aromatic heterocyclic containing up to 10 ring carbon atoms and up to a total of 12 carbon atoms;R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.6 are each H or lower alkyl;R.sub.5 is H, lower alkyl or cycloalkyl containing 3-5 ring carbons;each n=0, 1 or 2;m=0 or 1;Z is an alkylene chain containing 0-2 carbon atoms in the principal chain and up to a total of 6 carbon atoms;and food-acceptable salts.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulaR.sup.1 --Q.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --(COO).sub.n --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --Q.sup.2 --R.sup.2whereinR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently alkyl or alkoxy each of 1-12 C atoms, F, Cl, Br, CN or --Q.sup.3 --R.sup.3, or one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can also be H;Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2 and Q.sup.3 are each independently 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-bicyclo(2,2,2)-octylene or 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1-4 fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms;R.sup.3 is alkyl or alkoxy each of 1-8 C atoms, H, F, Cl, Br or CN;m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6; n is 0 or 1; and p is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; the sum of (m+p) being 2, 4 or 6 and the sum of (m+n+p) being at least 3;but with the proviso that Q.sup.3 is unsubstituted 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-phenylene substituted by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom, only when n=1 or (m+p)=6 or at least one of R.sup.1 or R.sup.3 is F, Cl or Br or none of R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 is CN or two of the radicals R.sup.1 to R.sup.

Abstract: New liquid-crystalline esters of the 4-[(4-alkyl-cyclohexyl)-methyl]-benzoic acids or cyclohexanecarboxylic acids which are suitable for electro-optical displays have the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 =C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1R.sup.2 =H, ##STR2## wherein n=an integer from 1 to 10,m=an integer from 1 to 10,S=an integer from 1 to 10.

Abstract: Dipeptides of certain .alpha.-amino dicarboxylic acids and etherified hydroxy .alpha.-amino-mono-carboxylic acid esters possess a high order of sweetness. These dipeptides have the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is alkyl containing 1-3 carbon atoms;R.sub.1 is cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, lower alkyl substituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl, bicycloalkyl, bicycloalkenyl or tricycloalkyl containing up to 10 ring carbon atoms and up to a total of 12 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 are each H or alkyl containing 1-3 carbon atoms;R.sub.3 is H, alkyl containing 1-6 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl containing 3-5 ring carbons;n=0, 1 or 2; andm=0 or 1;and food acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: Liquid crystalline mixtures containing compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein n stands for the number 0 or 1; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 denote single covalent bonds or one of the symbols X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 also denotes --COO--, --OOC-- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; the rings A.sup.1, A.sup.2, and A.sup.3 represent 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or one of these rings also represents a 2,5-disubstituted pyrimidine ring or a trans-2,5-disubstituted m-dioxane ring; R.sup.1 signifies 4-alkenyl or on a cyclohexyl ring also 2Z-alkenyl; and R.sup.2 denotes alkyl, alkoxy, --CN or --NCS,as well as the manufacture of these compounds and the use for electro-optical purposes are described.

Abstract: Amides of .alpha.-aminodicarboxylic acids and .beta.-aminoethers are low calorie sweetners.

Abstract: Novel cyclohexanedionecarboxylic acid derivatives have herbicidal and plant growth regulating properties. The cyclohexanedionecarboxylic acid derivatives have the formula I ##STR1## wherein A is an --OR.sub.2 or --NR.sub.3 R.sub.4 radical,B is hydroxyl, an --NHOR.sub.1 radical or a metal or ammonium salt thereofR is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, each unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy or C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkythio,R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 haloalkenyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkynyl,R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkoxyalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkylthioalkyl; C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio; C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkynyl; phenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound having a positive value of dielectric anisotropy and a low viscosity and being capable of extending the mesomorphic range of liquid crystal composition toward its lower region, and a liquid crystal composition containing the same are provided, which compound is a trans-4-substituted-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid .beta.-(4-halogenophenyl) ethyl ester derivative expressed by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents R.sup.2, ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, each having 1 to 15 carbons and X represents F or Cl.

Abstract: Cyclohexane-1,3-dione derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is cycloalkyl of 3 to 12 carbon atoms which may or may not be olefinically monounsaturated to tetraunsaturated, can be substituted by not more than 3 methyl or ethyl groups, one vinyl, methylvinyl or allyl group, 1 or 2 chlorine atoms or one alkoxy group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and can be bridged by an alkylene chain of not more than 4 carbon atoms, X is alkylene of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, which can be monounsaturated or diunsaturated, interrupted by not more than 2 sulfur or oxygen atoms and substituted by not more than 3 alkyl groups of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is hydrogen of alkoxycarbonyl where alkoxy is of 1 to 2 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 3 or 4 carbon atoms, propargyl or haloalkenyl of 3 or 4 carbon atoms and 1 to 3 halogen atoms, and the salts of these compounds, processes for their preparation, herbicides containing these compounds, and their use.

Abstract: Bicyclohexyl derivatives of formula IR.sup.1 --Cy--Cy--X--Y IwhereinX is --CO--O-- or --O--CO--,Y is alkyl or perfluoroalkyl in each case of 1-8 C atoms, --Cy--Cy--R.sup.2, --Cy--Ph--R.sup.2, --Ph--Cy--R.sup.2, --Ph--Ph--R.sup.2 or --Ph--Dio--R.sup.2,Cy is 1,4-cyclohexylene,Ph is 1,4-phenylene,Dio is 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl or alkoxy in each case of 1-8 C atoms,can be used as components of liquid crystal dielectrics.

Abstract: Nematic liquid crystalline mixtures, which can be used in optoelectronic components. Compounds are provided which influence the characteristics of mixtures in the direction of high clarification temperatures at simultaneous favorable switching times. It has been found that compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein n, m=1 to 10 in nematic mixtures in quantities of 5 to 40% considerably increase the clarification points without significantly increasing the viscosity, so that favorable switching times are obtained. The new mixtures can be used for the production of optoelectronic components (displays) for watches, computers and other devices.

Abstract: Novel compounds have a formula (I) ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## represents a bicyclo[2,2,1]hept-2Z-ene, bicyclo[2,2,1]heptane, 7-oxabicyclo[2,2,1]hept-2Z-ene, 7-oxabicyclo[2,2,1]heptane, bicyclo[2,2,2]oct-2Z-ene or bicyclo[2,2,2]octane substituted at the 5-position by the group R.sup.1 and at the 6-position by the group C(R.sup.2).dbd.NR, a 6,6-dimethyl-bicyclo[3,1,1]heptane substituted at the 5-position by the group R.sup.1 and at the 6-position by the group C(R.sup.2).dbd.NR or at the 5-position by the group C(R.sup.2).dbd.NR and at the 6-position by the group R.sup.1, a cyclohex-1-ene or cyclohexane substituted at the 4-position by the group R.sup.1 and at the 5-position by the group C(R.sup.2).dbd.NR, or a 1-hydroxycyclopentane substituted at the 2-position by the group R.sup.1 and at the 2-position by the group C(R.sup.2).dbd.NR, R.sup.1 is a 6-caboxyhex-2-enyl group or a modification thereof as defined herein, R.sup.

Abstract: Novel ferroelectric liquid crystalline compounds having a superior stability and chiral, smectic liquid crystalline compositions containing at least one kind of the same are provided, which compounds are expressed by the general formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## represents 1,4-phenylene group ##STR3## or 1,4-trans-cyclohexane group ##STR4## R*, an optically active alkyl group; m=o, 1 or 2; n=1 or 2; X, a linear chain or branched alkyl group or alkoxy group, each having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; and when ##STR5## represents ##STR6## m=1; and n=1, X represents a linear chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a linear chain alkoxy group having 11 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Racemic endo- and exo-1-methoxybicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-ene-2-carboxylic acids are starting materials for a novel and efficient synthesis of chiral 3R-[2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl]-4R-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1R-cycloh exanol, a compound having valuable central nervous system (CNS) activity, particularly as an analgesic and as an antiemetic.

Abstract: The liquid crystal compound of this invention is characterized by having the general formula.

Abstract: Novel cyclohexanedionecarboxylic acid derivatives have herbicidal and plant growth regulating properties.The cyclohexanedionecarboxylic acid derivatives have the formula I ##STR1## wherein A is an --OR.sub.2 or --NR.sub.3 R.sub.4 radical,B is hydroxyl, an --NHOR.sub.1 radical or a metal or ammonium salt thereofR is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, each unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy or C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkylthio,R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 haloalkenyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkynyl,R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkoxyalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkylthioalkyl; C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio; C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkynyl; phenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel allenic prostanoic acid derivatives having the following formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen; or straight or branched chain alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, inclusivewherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen; or straight or branched chain alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, inclusive; or vinyl (--CH.dbd.CH.sub.2)wherein R.sub.2 is straight or branched chain alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; or cycloalkyl group containing 3 to 6 carbon atoms; or phenyl; or phenoxywherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen; or straight chain alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atomswherein m is an integer of from 1 to 4, inclusive,wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 3, inclusive with the proviso that the sum of m and n does not exceed 5,wherein y is an integer of from 1 to 3.These compounds are useful by reason of their gastric antisecretory and cytoprotective activity.

Abstract: A colorless liquid crystalline compound having at least one 6-membered ring and non-cyclic end groups in the molecular skelton, said 6-membered containing two or more carbon atoms, at least one of which is directly bonded to a methylene group of a non-cyclic group having an alkoxy group at another end has a wide mesomorphic range. When said colorless liquid crystalline compound is mixed with a liquid crystal composition, the resulting mixture also has an enlarge mesomorphic range and in almost all cases has a reduced viscosity.

Abstract: Trans-.DELTA..sup.2 -prostaglandin D derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein [A] is a group of the formula: ##STR2## X is ethylene or cis-vinylene, C.sub.13 -C.sub.14 -C.sub.15 is: (i) a group of the formula: ##STR3## when [A] is a group of the formula (II) or (III), or (ii) a group of the formula: ##STR4## when [A] is a group of the formula (IV), R is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.1 is a single bond or alkylene, R.sup.2 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl or phenoxy, the double bonds between C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 and between C.sub.13 -C.sub.14 are both E, the double bond between C.sub.9 -C.sub.10 is Z and the double bonds between C.sub.12 -C.sub.13 and between C.sub.14 -C.sub.15 are E, Z or a mixture thereof, provided that when R.sup.1 is a single bond, R.sup.2 does not represent a substituted or unsubstituted phenoxy group, and cyclodextrin clathrates and non-toxic salts thereof, possess anti-tumor activity.

Abstract: A novel prostaglandin analogue of the formula: ##STR1## [wherein the symbol represents .beta.-configuration, the dotted line ---------- represents .alpha.-configuration, and the double bond between C.sub.13 -C.sub.14 represents transconfiguration] and cyclodextrin clathrates thereof, and non-toxic salts thereof are useful for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases induced by platelet aggregation, such as thrombosis, or induced by cytodamage.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein A denotes ##STR2## R and R', independently from each other, denote a linear alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and ##STR3## is a cyclohexane ring arranged in a trans(equatorial-equatorial)form.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X.sup.2 is a single covalent bond or --COO--; X.sup.1 is a single covalent bond, --COO--, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or when X.sup.2 is --COO--, X.sup.1 also can be p--C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --, p--C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --p--C.sub.6 H.sub.4, p--C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --COO-- or --COO--p--C.sub.6 H.sub.4 ; ring A is a benzene ring or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene; ring B is a benzene ring or when X.sup.2 is --COO-- and X.sup.1 is a single covalent bond, --COO-- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, ring B also can be trans-1,4-cyclohexylene; Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.3 individually are hydrogen or when positioned on a benzene ring which is not linked directly with a further ring via a single covalent bond, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.3 also can be halogen, cyano or methyl; Y.sup.2 is cyano, nitro, 2,2-dicyanovinyl or when Y.sup.1 is hydrogen Y.sup.2 also can be 2,2-dicyano-1-methylvinyl; Y.sup.1 is halogen, cyano, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl or, when X.sup.

Abstract: Novel compounds having a small dielectric anisotropy value (.DELTA..epsilon.), a low viscosity and a small .gamma. value (ratio of saturation voltage to threshold voltage) indicating sharpness, and liquid crystal compositions containing the same are provided, which compounds are 2,4-difluorobenzene derivatives of trans-4-alkylcyclohexanes expressed by the general formula ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2, m is 0 or 1 and R represents an alkyl group of 1-10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An improved method for the preparation of prostaglandin analogs which comprises preparation of two equivalents of an alkyl or alkenyl lithium reagent in an aprotic solvent mixture such as pentane or hexane and tetrahydrofuran, conversion of said reagent by addition of 1 equivalent of copper (I) cyanide to a copper reagent, conversion of said copper reagent to the blocked prostaglandin analog by the addition of a 2-alkylcyclopent-2-en-1-one reagent and quenching of the resultant reaction mixture with aprotic media or an active acylating agent and finally optionally deblocking the resultant product is disclosed. This method is an improvement over previous methods in that more modest temperatures and less hazardous and/or less complex reagents are used and in that for some analogs the method is shorter than previous methods.

Abstract: Esters of 13,14-didehydro prostaglandins have been prepared.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses 16-alkyl, 16-hydroxy-2-substituted prostaglandins which exhibit cytoprotective and antisecretory activity with greatly reduced diarrhea side effects.

Abstract: [1,1'-Biphenyl]-3-ylmethyl pyrethroid esters, as well as processes, uses, and intermediates thereto, are disclosed. The [1,1'-biphenyl]-3-ylmethyl pyrethroid esters control a broad spectrum of insects as well as acarids.

Abstract: A curing agent for fluorocarbon polymer coating compositions having the formula ##STR1## where R is R.sup.1 NH, R.sup.1 is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical, R.sup.2 is C or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, R.sup.3 is H or CH.sub.3, where x is 3 when R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbon group and x is 4 when R.sup.2 is C; the curing agents form ambient curing fluorocarbon polymer coating compositions;These compositions are used to provide corrosion and abrasion resistant coatings for large structures in chemical plants, oil refineries, oil drilling platforms, and the interior of smoke stacks of large utility companies.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is 0 or 1; one of X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 is --COO-- or --OOC-- and the other is a single covalent bond or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; X.sup.3 and X.sup.4 individually are a single covalent bond or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, with the proviso that at most one of X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3 and X.sup.4 is --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; rings A.sup.1 and A.sup.5 individually are a group of the formula ##STR2## or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene; rings A.sup.2, A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 individually are a group of formula II or, when ring A.sup.2, A.sup.3 or A.sup.4 is not linked with at least one of the other two of these rings by a single covalent bond then such ring also can be trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, with the proviso that at least one of rings A.sup.1 through A.sup.5 is a group of formula II; Y is hydrogen, or when Y is attached to a ring of formula II which is not linked with another ring via a single covalent bond, Y also can be fluorine, chlorine or methyl; and R.sup.1 and R.sup.

Abstract: Non-ortho substituted 2-aryl-1,3-cycloalkanedione enol ester compounds exhibit outstanding acaricidal and herbicidal activity.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel 15-deoxy-16-hydroxy-16- substituted prostanoic acids and congeners thereof having utility as bronchodilators as hypotensive agents, and as agents for the control of excessive gastric secretion, and particularly, alkyl esters, such as the methyl ester, of such acids.

Abstract: Pesticidal compounds have the formula: ##STR1## wherein D represents hydrogen or a cyano group or an ethynyl group R.sub.a represents alkylA represents an alkyl group or a halogeno or trifluoromethyl groupn is 0 or an integer of 1-4, b is 0 or 1andRCOO is the residue of an acid RCOOH whose .alpha.-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl ester has pesticidal properties. They are prepared by esterification methods.

Abstract: Compounds useful as lower viscosity liquid-crystalline components of which liquid-crystalline compositions are partly composed are provided, which compounds areliquid-crystalline compounds expressed by the general formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent an alkyl group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, orliquid-crystalline compounds expressed by the general formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent an alkyl group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A novel compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is alkyl containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; andM is a monovalent cation, selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and ammonium, has been synthesized in high yield by hydrogenating the corresponding arylsulfonate in a solvent which simultaneously prevents hydration of the sulfonate group and hydrolysis of the ester functions. The compound is useful in preparing condensation polymers having ionic groups. In particular, these condensation polymers comprise additional polymerized copolymerizable dicarboxylic acids and diols, diamines or hydroxyamines, to yield polyesterionomers useful in dye imbibition photohardenable imaging materials for forming positive dye images.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel 15-deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-substituted prostanoic acids and congeners thereof having utility as bronchodilators as hypotensive agents, and as agents for the control of excessive gastric secretion.

Abstract: A cyclopropanecarboxylic acid of the formula ##STR1## is prepared by the reaction of a compound of the formula ##STR2## with an alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxide in an ether type solvent. R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.4 each independently is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon residue, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, X is halogen, and A is --CH.sub.2 --CX, 3 or --CH.dbd.CX.sub.2.

Abstract: This invention encompasses prostaglandins of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R'" represents hydroxymethyl, hydroxyacetyl or --CO.sub.2 R"" wherein R"" represents hydrogen or lower alkyl containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms;R' represents lower alkyl containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, vinyl or ethynyl;R" represents cycloalkyl containing 3 to 5 carbon atoms; and the wavy line represents optional R,S stereochemistry.These compounds are potent antisecretory compounds and cytoprotective agents with reduced diarrhea side effects.

Abstract: Prostanoic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an acid, ester, amide or hydroxyalkylene group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are H or alkyl; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are both CH.sub.3 or one is Cl and the other is CH.sub.3 ; A is CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 or --CH.dbd.CH; B is CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2, trans-CH.dbd.CH, --C.tbd.C-- or ##STR2## W is free or functionally modified hydroxyalkylene or carbonyl; Z is free or functionally modified hydroxymethylene or carbonyl; X Y is either ##STR3## or, when Z is free or functionally modified hydroxymethylene, ##STR4## or, when Z is free or functionally modified carbonyl, --CH.dbd.CH--, R.sub.12 being H, CH.sub.3, CH or free or functionally modified hydroxy; and physiologically acceptable salts thereof when R.sub.1 is an acid group, possess pharmacological activity, including abortion triggering activity.

Abstract: Liquid crystal compounds useful as a component of liquid crystal compositions having superior actuation characteristics within a broader temperature range are provided, which compounds are carboxylic acid cyclohexyl ester derivatives expressed by the general formula ##STR1## wherein A represents ##STR2## R- or RO-; B represents ##STR3## R represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, both having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and R' represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Alkanolamine salts of amide acids having the formula: ##STR1## in which the circle represents a single nucleous aromatic ring or a monocyclic or bicyclic aliphatic ring system in each case with 5 or 6 carbon atoms per ring in which R.sup.1 represents an isoalkyl radical with the longest chain of 6 to 8 carbon atoms and a total of 8 to 12 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 represents a radical alkylene-X wherein the alkylene chain is a branched or straight chain and contains 1 to 4 carbon atoms; X represents OR.sup.3, O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.n -R.sup.3, O(C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.n -R.sup.3, NR.sup.3 R.sup.3, CN, CONH.sub.2, and COOR.sup.3 ; R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; n is an integer of 1 to 4; and wherein the carboxyl and carbonamide groups in said formula are bonded to non-olefinic carbon atoms and arranged in adjacent positions. The use of these salts as corrosion inhibitors in aqueous systems is also disclosed.

Abstract: Esters in their stereoisomeric form or mixtures thereof of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R are different and individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine and bromine, R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of --CN and --C.tbd.CH and R.sub.3 is a hydrocarbyl group having pesticidal properties and their preparations.

Abstract: Novel .gamma.-lactone derivatives are provided. These lactone derivatives, when reacted with hydrogen halide in alcohol, yield .gamma.-halogeno-.delta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters. This ring-opening process is useful for the purpose of increasing the yield of pyrethrin analogs which are of value as insecticides and agricultural chemicals. Thus, the .gamma.-lactone derivatives by-produced in the production process for dihalogenovinyl chrysanthemumates are caused to undergo ring-opening reaction to yield the corresponding .gamma.-halogeno-.delta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters which are important intermediates for said pyrethrin analogs.

Abstract: 2,2'-Bridged[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-ylmethyl carboxylates and insecticidal compositions containing these esters are useful for the control of a broad range of insects and acarids.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein the 9-chlorine atom can be in the .alpha.- or .beta.-position,R.sub.1 is OR.sub.2, or NHR.sub.3 wherein R.sub.3 is H or the acyl group ofa C.sub.1-15 hydrocarbon carboxylic or sulfonic acid;A is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or cis--CH.dbd.CH--,B is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --,trans--CH.dbd.CH--, or --C.tbd.C--, ##STR2## wherein the OH-group in each case can be in the .alpha.- or .beta.-position, and can be etherified or esterified by tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, .alpha.-ethoxyethyl, trimethylsilyl dimethyl, tert-butylsilyl, tribenzylsilyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl or benzoyl;D and E together represent a direct bond orD is a straight-chain or branched alkylene group of 1-10 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by fluorine, andE is oxygen or sulfur or a direct bond, andR.sub.4 is hydroxy or hydroxy etherified or esterified as defined for W above;R.sub.5 is a C.sub.1-10 hydrocarbon aliphatic group; a C.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom; or a hydrocarbyl group; m and n each is 0 or 1 and m+n is 1 or 2; and D is a hydrogen atom; a cyano group; or an ethynyl group, are useful as pesticides.

Abstract: This invention relates to new nematic liquid crystal substances for electro-optical components.The object of this invention is to create substances for electro-optical components combining chemical and thermal stability with low melting and high clear points at low operational voltage, as well as to processes for their production.It has been found that new liquid-crystal trans-6-n-alkyl-decalin-2-carbonic acid ester of the general formula ##STR1## can be introduced into electro-optical components. These substances are produced by the catalytic high-pressure hydrogenation of 6-n-alkylnaphthalene-2-carbonic acids, separation of the trans-isomers by distillation, and esterification with the corresponding hydroxy compounds of the acyl chlorides obtained through reaction with thionyl chloride.