Abstract: The amidation and esterification of carboxylic acids with amines and hydroxyl group-containing compounds, respectively, are effected without incurring the drawbacks of reaction equilibrium by the reaction of the reactants, one of which has been activated in the reactive group by contact with a phosphonium salt obtained by reacting a phosphorous ester or phosphorous monoester salt with an organic base such as pyridine and an oxidizing agent such as halogens and mono or divalent mercury halide or acetate. The amidation can be applied to the preparation of peptides by the reaction of amino acids and/or peptides in which one of the reactive groups have been protected.

Abstract: Novel quaternary phosphonium salts, bearing one or more carbamate groups attached through nitrogen, are prepared by condensing a hydroxymethyl phosphonium salt having the formula [R.sub.4-n P(CH.sub.2 OH).sub.n ].sup.+ X.sup.- with an alkyl carbamate having the formula NH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 R'. The products, which have the general formula [R.sub.4-n P(CH.sub.2 NHCO.sub.2 R').sub.n ].sup.+ X.sup.-, are useful as finishing agents for imparting flame retardant or durable press properties to cotton fabrics.

Abstract: .alpha.-Acyloxy-N,N'-diacylmalonamides of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are hydrogen, straight chain or branched alkyl radicals having from one to eleven carbon atoms, or hydrocarbon radicals with six to twelve carbon atoms and comprising at least one aromatic ring, are novel compounds prepared by the action of a mixture of carboxylic acids R.sub.3 COOH and R.sub.4 COOH upon an .alpha.-acyloxymalononitrile, R.sub.1 COO--C(CN).sub.2 --R.sub.2, in the presence of an acid catalyst and are useful as intermediates in organic synthesis and low temperature activators in bleaching or scouring compositions.

Abstract: A process for the cross-linking or chain extension of hycrocarbon polymers which contain ethylenically unsaturated groups which comprises forming an intimate mixture of the polymer with a carbamate of the formula: ##STR1## WHEREIN R.sub.1 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl radical, m is an integer, and A is H or an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl radical of valency m, and subjecting the mixture to heat.Novel compounds of preferred use include those in which m=1 and at least one of R and A is alkyl or 7 or more carbon atoms, or in which m=2 and A is phenylene or alkylene or alkenylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Carbamates are manufactured by reaction of alcohols with urea in the presence of ion exchangers containing nickel.The products are starting materials for the manufacture of textile finishing agents, dyes and plant protection agents.

Abstract: A method of preparing an N-substituted carbamate comprising reacting by heating in sulfolane at a temperature ranging from about 65.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. (1) an alkali metal cyanate, (2) at least one sulfolane-soluble organic halide of the formula RX wherein X is halogen and R represents a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, aralkyl and aralkenyl, and (3) at least one sulfolane-soluble non-aromatic monohydric or polyhydric alcohol, and isolating the N-substituted carbamate thereby produced from the resulting reaction mass.

Abstract: Novel acetylenic derivatives of amines of the following general structure: ##STR1## WHEREIN Z is .beta.-methylthioethyl, .beta.-benzylthioethyl, S-(5'-desoxyadenosin-5'-yl)-S-methylthioethyl, .gamma.-guanidinopropyl, or ##STR2## WHEREIN N IS 2 OR 3 AND R.sub.1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms with the proviso that when R.sub.1 is other than hydrogen, n is 2; and each of R.sub.a and R.sub.b is hydrogen, alkylcarbonyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and is straight or branched, alkoxycarbonyl wherein the alkoxy moiety has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and is straight or branched, or ##STR3## wherein R.sub.2 is hydrogen, a straight or branched lower alkyl group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, benzyl or .rho.-hydroxybenzyl; with the provisos that when Z is .beta.-benzylthioethyl or S-(5'-desoxyadenosin-5'-yl)-S-methylthioethyl, R.sub.b is hydrogen, and when Z is ##STR4## EACH OF R.sub.a and R.sub.

Abstract: Biologically active compositions are prepared by reacting an active hydrogen containing precursor with an isocyanate compound in the presence of solid particulate matter.

Abstract: Novel acetylenic derivatives of .alpha.-amino acids of the following general structure: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 3; R is hydrogen, alkylcarbonyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and is straight or branched, alkoxycarbonyl wherein the alkoxy moiety has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and is straight or branched, or ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 is hydrogen, a straight or branched lower alkyl group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, benzyl or p-hydroxybenzyl; each R.sub.1 is the same and is hydroxy, a straight or branched alkoxy group of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, --NR.sub.3 R.sub.4 wherein each of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and can be the same or different, of ##STR3## wherein R.sub.5 is hydrogen, a straight or branched lower alkyl group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, benzyl or p-hydroxybenzyl; and the lactams thereof when n is 2 or 3; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof.

Abstract: Insect repellants having improved effectiveness, increased mucosa tolerance and compatibility with plastic objects containing, as an active ingredient, at least one 3-aminopropionic acid derivative which is disubstituted at the nitrogen atom, having the general structure ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having one to six carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, R.sub.3 is a branched or unbranched alkyl or alkoxy group having one to eight carbon atoms, and X is --C.tbd.N or --COOR.sub.4, R.sub.4 being a branched or unbranched alkyl group having one to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: The amidation and esterification of carboxylic acids with amines and hydroxyl group-containing compounds, respectively, are effected without incurring the drawbacks of reaction equilibrium by the reaction of the reactants, one of which has been activated in the reactive group by contact with a phosphonium salt obtained by reacting a phosphorous ester or phosphorous monoester salt with an organic base such as pyridine and an oxidizing agent such as halogens and mono or divalent mercury halide or acetate. The amidation can be applied to the preparation of peptides by the reaction of amino acids and/or peptides in which one of the reactive groups have been protected.

Abstract: A new series of substituted esters of 3-hydroxyindone compounds have been found to have exceptional miticidal and herbicidal activity.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of N-alkyl and N-alkenyl carbamates by reacting a hydroxyl compound with a carbamyl chloride essentially free from phosgene and hydrogen chloride at a temperature of from 60.degree. to 130.degree. C in alkyl or halogen benzenes as solvent.

Abstract: A new series of substituted esters of 3-hydroxyindone compounds have been found to have exceptional miticidal and herbicidal activity.

Abstract: Novel polymers formed from the reaction of tricarboxylic anhydrides and hydrazines or hydrazides which may be cross-linkable by further reaction with a hydrazine or hydrazide are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel carbonic acid esters are disclosed which are useful in a process for introducing esterified carboxy-type protective groups on amino and/or imino groups in amino and/or imino group - containing compounds for the temporary protection of said amino and/or imino groups. Additionally, processes for preparing said esters are also disclosed.

Abstract: Useful copolymerizable compositions include 10 to 50 parts by weight of (I) a polymerizable diurethane monomer having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is --H; or --CH.sub.3 ;R.sub.2 is --H; --CH.sub.3 ; or --C.sub.2 H.sub.5 ;R.sub.3 is an organic radical constituting the residue of a mono-hydroxy compound R.sub.3 OH having from one to twelve carbon atoms; andR.sub.4 is a divalent organic radical constituting the residue of an organic diisocyanate R.sub.4 -(NCO).sub.2 from which the two isocyanate radicals have been removed;And 90 to 50 parts by weight of (II) a polymerizable polyurethane monomer which is the reaction product of (a) an organic diisocyanate; (b) a beta-hydroxy alkyl ester of an acrylic acid; and (c) a polyol.

Abstract: A method comprisingI. reacting isocyanate groups in an organic polyisocyanate by anhydrous reaction with a chemically equivalent amount of primary hydroxyl-containing material, at least about 50 mole % of which material is one or a mixture ofA. allyl alcohol, orB. at least one C.sub.2-4 hydroxyalkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid, to form a water-resistant adduct of said polyisocyanate with said material, andIi. intimately dispersing said adduct, in the form of a water insoluble liquid phase, into an aqueous liquid medium containingA. an anionic or cationic oil-in-water functioning emulsifying agent, in the presence ofB. an aliphatic hydrocarbon or hydrocarbyl alcohol which is inert, non-volatile, water insoluble, liquid, and contains a terminal aliphatic hydrocarbyl group of at least about 8 carbon atoms; homogenizing the resulting crude emulsion to reduce the average size of the dispersed phase particles to below 0.5 .mu.

Abstract: Trans-N-acyl-N-alkyl-1-amino-1,3-butadienes are prepared by contacting a conjugated azomethine with a strong base in an inert organic solvent at sub-zero temperature and thereafter acylating the resulting product. The trans-N-acyl-N-alkyl-1-amino-1,3-butadienes are useful as intermediates in the formation of substituted decahydro-quinolines, Pumiliotoxin C, and can also be used as the diene in Diels-Alder reactions or can be copolymerized with vinyl compounds.

Abstract: There is described herein the preparation of vinylbenzyl esters of N-BOC amino acids which upon polymerization with styrene and divinylbenzene provide insoluble polymers useful as starting materials for the solid phase synthesis of peptides.

Abstract: Covers compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R" is lower alkyl, R is hydrogen or lower alkyl and Y is selected from the group consisting of CN, CONH.sub.2, CO.sub.2 R', CONR'.sub.2 and COR' where R' independently is hydrogen, lower alkyl or aryl. Also covers a method of producing a polyurethane by utilizing said above compounds as catalysts in reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic polyester polyol or polyether polyol in the presence of said catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to new derivatives of dibenzocycloheptenes and to processes for making them. More particularly, the invention includes 5H-dibenzo[a,d]-cycloheptenes and 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptenes which are substituted at their 5-carbon atom with an aminopropyl or an aminopropylidene radical. The amino entity may be either primary or secondary and if secondary, the substituent may be either a lower alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having up to 8 carbon atoms or an aralkyl radical. The dibenzocycloheptene nucleus may be further substituted. The invention also includes the intermediates used for obtaining these products. Also included are derivatives such as acyl derivatives which yield the active compound under physiological conditions.