Abstract: The invention discloses a method for preparation of an acetoacetylated polyol by reaction of a polyol with deketene in the presence of a base and in the absence of a solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plaster-based material which includes an agent capable of trapping formaldehyde, in particular a plasterboard intended for the interior fittings of residential buildings. The agent capable of trapping formaldehyde is chosen from ethylene urea and its derivatives, compounds comprising active methylene(s), sulphites, tannins and their mixtures. Another subject-matter of the invention is the use of the said material for reducing the amount of formaldehyde present in the atmosphere inside residential buildings.

Abstract: A method of labeling a sulfenic acid (—SOH) group of a cysteine residue in a protein; or peptide, comprises contacting said protein or peptide with a beta-ketoester to covalently couple said beta-ketoester to said cysteine residue and form a beta-ketoester-labeled cysteine residue in said protein or peptide.

Abstract: Enolate salts of 4-fluoro-2-hydroxymethylene-3-oxobutyrates of formula wherein R1 is C1-10 alkyl, R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, M is an alkali or alkaline earth metal, and n is 1 or 2, are prepared from enolate salts of the corresponding 4-fluoro-3-oxobutyrates and carbon monoxide. The enolate salts of formula I can be alkylated or acylated to obtain the corresponding enol ethers and esters. The 4-fluoro-3-oxobutyrate starting material can be prepared from 1,1-difluoroethyl methyl ethers by SbF5-catalyzed fluoromethane elimination followed by halogen exchange with lithium chloride, reacting the thus obtained fluoroacetyl chloride with ketene and quenching with the appropriate alcohol R1—OH.

Abstract: Biodegradable flavoring agent compositions comprising 1,3-propanediol are provided, and the 1,3-propanediol in the composition is biologically derived. The compositions exhibit a lower anthropogenic CO2 emission profile. Also provided are biodegradable flavoring agent compositions comprising an ester of 1,3-propanediol. In these compositions, the ester can have at least 3% biobased carbon.

Abstract: A method of labeling a sulfenic acid (—SOH) group of a cysteine residue in a protein; or peptide, comprises contacting said protein or peptide with a beta-ketoester to covalently couple said beta-ketoester to said cysteine residue and form a beta-ketoester-labeled cysteine residue in said protein or peptide.

Abstract: The invention is a novel series of compounds represented by general formula, its analogs, tautomeric forms, stereoisomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and polymorphs wherein said compound described is a group of antisense molecules possessing immediate global cellular penetration due to their molecular structure and lipophilicity. The molecules are combinations of ethyl and methyl pyruvates. They induce riboswitch activity and reduce target RNA and nucleic acids such as HbA1c. They reduce inflammation and enhance energy production. These features improve therapeutic outcomes of diabetes, neuropathy and cellular aging.

Abstract: There is provided a novel crosslinking agent for use in crosslinked polymer fabrication, specifically a crosslinking agent containing at least one compound selected from glyoxylate and a glyoxylic acid ester derivative represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and R3 represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Biodegradable detergent compositions comprising 1,3-propanediol are provided, and the 1,3-propanediol in the composition is biologically derived. The compositions exhibit a lower anthropogenic CO2 emission profile. Also provided are biodegradable detergent compositions comprising an ester of 1,3-propanediol. In these compositions, the ester can have at least 3% biobased carbon.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention includes a method for the synthesis of an ester derivative of acetoacetate. The method includes providing a first ester of acetoacetate and providing an alcohol. The method further includes combining the first ester of acetoacetate and the alcohol in the presence of an enzyme capable of transesterification in a non-aqueous solvent to form the ester derivative of acetoacetate. The method results in the formation of the ester derivative of acetoacetate, which, in one embodiment, is monoacetoacetin.

Abstract: A rust inhibitor usable for metal surface coating includes, as an effective component, a compound containing a chelate group, and a long chain alkyl group and/or a cyclic alkyl group, which are bonded by an ester bond or other bonds.

Abstract: PROBLEM To provide an environmentally-friendly method for producing industrially an ester compound. SOLUTION The present invention is a method for producing an ester compound which comprises subjecting a carboxylic acid and an alcohol to dehydration-condensation reaction using an involatile acid catalyst and then removing the residual acid catalyst by bringing a weak basic substance into contact with the residual acid catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are filter elements constructed of a filter support material coated with an acetoacetate-functional polymeric composition that reacts with and removes aldehydes, especially formaldehyde, present in gases such as air. Also disclosed are methods for the removal of aldehydes utilizing the coated filter support materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing alkyl dihaloacetoacetates of the formula (I) by reacting ?,?-dihaloamines of the formula (III) with acetic esters of the formula (II) in the presence of bases.

Abstract: Compositions comprising ketone bodies and/or their metabolic precursors are provided that are suitable for administration to humans and animals and which have the properties of, inter alia, (i) increasing cardiac efficiency, particularly efficiency in use of glucose, (ii) for providing energy source, particularly in diabetes and insulin resistant states and (iii) treating disorders caused by damage to brain cells, particularly by retarding or preventing brain damage in memory associated brain areas such as found in Alzheimer's and similar conditions. These compositions may be taken as nutritional aids, for example for athletes, or for the treatment of medical conditions, particularly those associated with poor cardiac efficiency, insulin resistance and neuronal damage. The invention further provides methods of treatment and novel esters and polymers for inclusion in the compositions of the invention.

Abstract: The liquid, uncrosslinked, UV-curable Michael addition resins and blends of the present invention exhibit performance properties that make them very effective coating materials and these properties can be modified greatly depending upon composition. Michael donors and acceptors can be constructed from Type I and/or Type II photoinitiators and can be included in the coating compositions disclosed to make UV-curable coatings with extraordinary photoreactivity and properties. Resins can be produced that show excellent adhesion to metals, plastics, wood, paper and glass. They exhibit wide ranges of hardness, toughness, flexibility, tensile strength, stain resistance, scratch resistance, impact resistance, solvent resistance, etc. Almost any desired coating performance parameter can be attained by proper selection of raw material building blocks.

Abstract: The invention detailed herein comprises a family of radiation-curable coating formulations specifically for metal substrates. These coating formulations are based on multifunctional acrylate resins formed by the reaction of acrylate monomers and oligomers with ÿ-keto esters (e.g., acetoacetates), ÿ-diketones (e.g., 2, 4-pentanedione), ÿ-keto amides (e.g., acetoacetanilide, acetoacetamide), and/or other ÿ-dicarbonyl compounds that can participate in the Michael addition reaction. An essential novelty of these coating resins is that they will cure under standard UV-cure conditions without the addition of traditional photoinitiators. Other materials, both reactive (conventional acrylates) and non-reactive (e.g., solvents) may also be incorporated into the resin oligomers to enhance the coatings properties on metal substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of the formula (I), wherein R is C1?12 alkyl, by the contact of a compound of the general formula (II), wherein R1 and R2 are each, independently, C1?12 alkyl; or R1 and R2 join together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form an alicyclic amine ring containing 4 to 7 carbon atoms or a morpholine ring, with an acetic acid ester of the general formula (III) CH3COOR, wherein R is as defined under formula (I), in the presence of a base.

Abstract: Use of a compound having a hydrophobic moiety attached to a hydrophilic moiety, wherein the hydrophilic moiety comprises a ?-keto acid group and the hydrophobic moiety is attached via a bond from a carbon or an oxygen of the hydrophobic moiety to a carbon of the ?-keto acid group, provided that the ?-carbon of the ?-keto acid group does not form part of a carboxyl or ester group, or a salt thereof, as a surfactant. A dispersion comprising said surfactant as a dispersing agent. A method for breaking a dispersion comprising said surfactant as a dispersing agent, said method comprising the steps of a) providing said dispersion at a temperature where it is substantially stable; and b) setting the temperature of said dispersion, so as to achieve a desired decomposition rate of the surfactant.

Abstract: Oligomers from multifunctional acrylates and organonitro compounds are provided. Films obtained from crosslinked oligomers of the present invention are useful as protective or decorative coatings as well as components in adhesives and composites.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for transesterification of ketoester using polyaniline salt as catalyst, said process comprising reacting a keto ester with an alcohol in presence of a catalyst at a temperature range of 50 to 120° C. for a period in the range of 4 to 24 hours and separating the esters from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of the general formula I 1

Abstract: This invention relates to preparation of enantio-enriched compounds, and more particularly to enantio-enriched kavalactone compounds and derivatives thereof. The methods provide compounds that are useful as reagents, or building blocks, in the construction of other enantio-enriched compounds.

Abstract: A ketosis-treating agent comprising, as an active ingredient, at least one amino acid selected from valine, isoleucine, serine, glutamine and glutamic acid, or a peptide or protein comprising at least one amino acid selected from valine, isoleucine, serine, glutamine and glutamic acid; a method for treating or preventing ketosis, comprising administering to a human or animal an effective amount of the above agent; and a method for treating or preventing symptoms relating to ketone bodies, comprising administering to a human or animal an effective amount of the above agent.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide 4-fluoro-3-oxocarboxylates represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; R2 and R3 each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and R4 represents an alkyl group, and a process for preparing a 4-fluoro-3-oxocarboxylate represented by the above formula (1), which comprises allowing a 2-fluorocarboxylate represented by the following formula (2): wherein R1 and R2 have the same meanings as defined above; and R5 represents an alkyl group, to react with a carboxylate represented by the following formula (3): wherein R3 and R4 have the same meanings as defined above, in the presence of a base.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing 3,3-dimethyl-2-formylcyclopropanecarboxylic ester of formula (1): wherein R represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an optionally substituted aralkyl group, which comprises reacting chrysanthemic acid ester of formula (2): wherein R represents the same meaning as that described above, with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of at least one catalyst selected from tungstic oxide, tungstic acid, tugstate, alkylrhenium trioxide, molybdic oxide, molybdate, a heteropoly acid comprising a hetero atom selected from a phosphorus, boron or silicone atom and a poly atom selected from tungsten or molybdenum and a salt of said heteropoly acid.

Abstract: A method for producing 6,6-dialkoxy-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-hexanoic acid esters of general formula (I), wherein the dianion of an acetoacetic acid alkyl ester is reacted with an aldehyde. The 6,6-dialkoxy-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-hexanoic acid esters of general formula (I) are important synthesis building blocks for producing HMG-CoA-reductase-inhibitors.

Abstract: A process for producing a 2-alkylidene-4-bromoacetoacetic acid ester of the formula (3): wherein R1 and R2 each independently represent a lower alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms, the process is characterized by reacting a 4-bromoacetoacetic acid ester of the formula (1): where R1 has the same meaning as defined above, with an aldehyde of the formula (2): R2CHO  (2) wherein R2 has the same meaning as defined above, in an inert organic solvent in the presence of an amine and a carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Various epothilone precursors needed for the preparation of final epothilones are provided.

Abstract: A process for fluorinating &bgr;-dicarbonyls to form the corresponding &agr;-fluorinated-&bgr;-dicarbonyl compounds is provided. The process is represented by the following reaction scheme: where R1 is H, alkyl or alkoxy, R2 is H, alkyl or perfluoroalkyl, and R3 is H, Cl, Br, I or alkyl. Use of oxygen in the fluorine stream yields a product which is 90-96% pure and contains radical fluorination impurity levels which are 10-20% lower than when oxygen is not used.

Abstract: An alkaline earth metal salt of &bgr;-diketo compound is produced using 1 mol of a powdery alkaline earth metal compound and 2.04 mol or more of an aliphatic &bgr;-diketo compound. The reaction may be carried out while supplying both components to a reactor continuously or intermittently, or may be carried out by adding one component to the other continuously or intermittently. The highest temperature during the reaction may be at 50° C. or higher. The reaction mixture may be aged, and then dried at a temperature of at 100 to 180° C. in an atmosphere of an inert gas. The alkaline earth metal compound may be calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, or barium hydroxide. The aliphatic &bgr;-diketo compound may be represented by the following formula, particularly an acetoacetic acid ester or acetylacetone. According to the production method as mentioned above, highly stable alkaline earth metal salts of &bgr;-diketo compounds of high quality can be produced.

Abstract: &bgr;-Ketoesters and their enamines derived from alcohols or polyols are suitable for stabilizing polymers, and are represented by formulae: A[(O—CHR4—Z—CHR5)m—O—CO—CHR1—CO—R3]n and A[(O—CHR4—Z—CHR5)m—O—CO—CR1═C(—NHR2)—R3]n, wherein: A is the residue of an alcohol or polyol selected from hydroxyalkanoic acid esters, sugars and their glycosides, sugar alcohols, sugar acids and their esters, and oligosaccharides; m is an integer number from 0 up to 6; n is a number from 1 up to the total number of hydroxyl groups in the polyol; R1 is hydrogen, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 alkenyl or cycloalkyl (alkyl) or C6-C8 aryl or aralkyl; R2 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 hydroxyalkyl or C3-C6 alkenyl; R3 is C1-C18 alkyl, alkoxy or alkylamino, C3-C18 alkenyl, alkanoylmethyl, alkoxycarbonylmethyl or cycloalkyl(alkyl), C6-C18 aryl, aryloxy, arylamino, aralkyl, aralkoxy or aralkylamino, or C8-C18 aroylmethyl, arylox

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of substituting a carbonyl compound with fluorine at the &agr;-position, comprising reaching the carbonyl compound with a fluorinating present of a metal-containing catalyst. The reaction results in replacement of a hydrogen atom by fluorine. The catalyst, which is used in a catalytically effective amount, is preferably a transition metal. In one class of methods the catalyst is a transition metal compound. In another class of methods, the catalyst is an elemental metal, in which case the carbonyl compound has an activating group attached to the carbon atom which is substituted by fluorine.

Abstract: An alkyl 3-oxoalkanoate, a process for preparation and use for the synthesis of fatty hydroxylated amino acids, fatty amino alcohols and ceramides.

Abstract: Compositions comprising ketone bodies and/or their metabolic precursors are provided that are suitable for administration to humans and animals and which have the properties of, inter alia, (i) increasing cardiac efficiency, particularly efficiency in use of glucose, (ii) for providing energy source, particularly in diabetes and insulin resistant states and (iii) treating disorders caused by damage to brain cells, particularly by retarding or preventing brain damage in memory associated brain areas such as found in Alzheimer's and similar conditions. These compositions may be taken as nutritional aids, for example for athletes, or for the treatment of medical conditions, particularly those associated with poor cardiac efficiency, insulin resistance and neuronal damage. The invention further provides methods of treatment and novel esters and polymers for inclusion in the compositions of the invention.

Abstract: Proposed is a method of producing alkaline-earth salts of aliphatic .beta.-keto compounds by reacting alkaline-earth hydroxides with aliphatic .beta.-ketoesters and/or .beta.-diketones in the absence of solvent to give the corresponding alkaline-earth salts. The .beta.-keto compound is added in portions to the powdered alkaline-earth hydroxide and the reaction mixture subsequently dried. Good yields are obtained of a fine-grained, light colored product.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of 2-acetylcarboxylic esters by reacting an acetoacetic ester having 1 to 6 C atoms in the alkyl moiety with an aliphatic aldehyde having 1 to 12 C atoms at 0 to 40.degree. C. in the presence of a condensation catalyst, subsequently removing the water of reaction formed and unreacted starting materials and then hydrogenating the material at 20-160.degree. C., the temperature in the first hydrogenation phase being between 20 and 90.degree. C. and the temperature in the second phase being increased to 50 to 160.degree. C., depending on the starting temperature.

Abstract: A method for preparation of a dicarbonyl compound of the following formula ##STR1## by reacting a conjugated alkadiene compound of the formula ##STR2## with a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound of the formula ##STR3## in the presence of an acid catalyst. The products of the method are useful in the preparation of compounds such as vitamins A and E, various carotenoids, Retin A, dehydrolinalool, pseudoionone, citral, and linalool.

Abstract: The liquid oligomeric compositions of this invention are made by the Michael addition reaction of acetoacetate functional donor compounds with multifunctional acrylate receptor compounds where the equivalent ratios of multifunctional acrylate to acetoacetate vary from .gtoreq.1:1 to .gtoreq.13.2:1 depending on the functionality of both multifunctional acrylate and acetoacetate. Unuseable gelled or solid oligomer products occur below the claimed ranges. The liquid oligomers of this invention are further crosslinked to make coatings, laminates and adhesives.

Abstract: A method for the fluorination of 1,3-diketones and 1,3-ketoesters is disclosed.

Abstract: It is provided a process for industrially advantageously producing a branched aldehyde represented by the formula; ##STR1## ?wherein Y represents an acyl group of two or more carbon atoms; and X represents an acyloxymethyl group represented by --CH.sub.2 OY' (where Y' represents an acyl group of two or more carbon atoms), cyano group or an alkoxycarbonyl group! which is useful as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, comprising subjecting an olefinic compound represented by the following formula; ##STR2## (wherein Y and X are the same as defined above), to the reaction with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a rhodium compound and a tertiary organic phosphorus compound with an electronic parameter (.upsilon.-value) of 2080 to 2090 cm.sup.-1 or with a steric parameter (.theta.-value) of 150 to 180.degree..

Abstract: A process for the purification of alkyl alkylacetoacetates of the general formula: ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl group and R.sup.2 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl group. In the process, an alkyl alkylacetoacetate which contains an alkyl alkenylacetoacetate of the general formula: ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the above-stated meaning, and/or further by-products as an impurity, is converted with an ester of the general formula: ##STR3## in which R.sup.2 has the above-stated meaning, in the presence of a base, into an intermediate which is separated off.

Abstract: A process for preparing acetoacetates of the general formula: ##STR1## They are prepared by the addition of diketene onto an alcohol of the general formula:HO--R.sup.

Abstract: Keto compounds are prepared by a condensation reaction in which an enolate is formed, and then a protonation in which the free keto compound is produced. In accordance with the invention, both condensation and protonation are carried out in one step by electrodialysis. Transesterification can also be carried out in the same step.

Abstract: A pivaloylacetic acid ester is prepared at a high yield by decarbonylating a pivaloylpyruvic acid ester in gas or liquid phase in the presence of an inorganic oxide catalyst which comprises aluminum in an amount of 10% by weight or more in terms of aluminum oxide, and preferably is substantially free from heavy metals, for example, Fe, Cu, Ni, Mn, Cr, Mo and Co, and exhibits a high catalytic activity and chemical stability.

Abstract: Thiazolopyrimidine derivatives represented by the formula ##STR1## and salts thereof are provided, which are characterized by a carboxamide residue substituted with R.sup.4 and R.sup.5. The derivatives and salts thereof exhibit antiangiogenic activity and are useful for treatment and cure of diseases, the development of which may be related to angiogenesis, including diabetic retinopathy, various chronic inflammation conditions, growth or metastasis of malignant solid tumors, rheumatism and psoriasis.

Abstract: A process for preparing a fluorine-containing dicarbonyl compound of the formula: R.sup.1 COCFR.sup.2 COR.sup.3 in which R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group; R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group; and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, alkoxy or aryloxy group, provided that at least two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may together form a part of a cyclic structure with or without a hetero atom, by reacting a dicarbonyl compound of the formula: R.sup.1 COCHR.sup.2 COR.sup.3 in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same as defined above with fluorine (F.sub.2) in at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of halogenated hydrocarbons having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and nitrile compounds, or in a solvent in the presence of a salt, or an acid having pKa of 6 or less.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel lactone-modified diketene (meth) acrylate compound having an active methylene group in the molecule and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides the use and preparation of certain 2,2'-diacetyl-bisacetoacetates and bis(beta-ketoesters). These compounds are useful in coating formulations as crosslinkers in conjunction with polyester, acrylic and/or other hydroxylated resins to provide coatings that cure at about 100.degree. and 175.degree. C. Certain combinations of these crosslinkers and resins cure at unusually low temperatures and provide films with good combinations of flexibility, hardness and adhesion.

Abstract: A formaldehyde scavenger composition consisting of a water-soluble compound of the formula, wherein ##STR1## --R and R' are the identical or different and are methyl or ##STR2## where m=1-3 and n=1-19, --Y is CH2 or --CH2--CO--CH2 and M and N are hydrogen or lower alkyl.