Abstract: The various embodiments herein provide a hyper branched polyester and a method of synthesizing the same. The embodiments herein also provide a method of encapsulating a drug into the void spaces of the polymer to act as a drug delivery system. The hyper branched polyester mer comprises an acidic moiety and an alcoholic moiety. The acidic moiety is citric acid monohydrate. The alcoholic moiety is glycerol. The acidic moiety and the alcoholic moiety are randomly arranged in the hyperbranched polymer. The method comprises of heating the mixture of citric acid and glycerol at temperatures of 90 to 150° C. by constant stirring for different time periods. In the method of encapsulation, the drug solution is drop-wise added to polymer solution at 37° C. by constant stirring for 24 h.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing plastics using 1,6-hexanediol having an aldehyde content of less than 500 ppm, a process for preparing 1,6-hexanediol having an aldehyde content of less than 500 ppm and also 1,6-hexanediol having an aldehyde content of less than 500 ppm.

Abstract: This invention relates to liquid crystal compositions, and polymer networks and articles comprising the compositions. The compositions comprise at least one compound of the group of compounds represented by the structures of each of the following Formulas (IV), (V) and (VI), as defined herein. A process for making the composition is also provided.

Abstract: Hydroxycitric acid derivatives and salts thereof are provided which are useful as active ingredients of skin external preparations and cosmetics. Also provided are processes for production of the hydroxycitric acid derivatives, and skin external preparations and cosmetics containing the hydroxycitric acid derivatives. Specific hydroxycitric acid derivatives or salts thereof are produced wherein at least one of the hydroxyl groups of hydroxycitric acid or least one of the hydroxyl groups and at least one carboxyl group of hydroxycitric acid are modified to linkage moieties breakable by biological enzyme reaction. The hydroxycitric acid derivatives or salts thereof are added in skin external preparations and cosmetics.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel multifunctional dendrimer structures with a high loading capacity. Said dendrimer structures include a nucleus having at least a first generation or an end generation covalently bonded thereto. The first generation is formed by at least two of the following structures, namely: a spacer, a load, a branching element. In addition, a plurality of sequences (known as intermediary generations) with at least two of the aforementioned structures can be joined to the first generation. The terminal generation is formed by at least three of the following structures, namely: a spacer, a load, a branching element and a terminal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel class of polymeric compounds having specific quaternized amine based upon a dimer acid reacted with an alkanolamine to make an ester quaternary compound. Dimer acid is a C-36 diacid having a cyclic structure and two amine groups that allow for the synthesis of a high molecular weight cationic compound which is extremely substantitive to human skin and are well tolerated by human tissue making them suitable for use preparation of barrier products for personal care applications. These materials are dimethylaminopropyl amine free, which is highly desirable in personal care applications.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for preventing, reducing, or delaying decline in one or more of cognitive function, motor function, cerebrovascular function, or behavior in animals, particularly geriatric animals, are disclosed. The compositions and methods utilize medium chain triglycerides.

Abstract: A novel amorphous divalent metal ion salt for enhancing the manageability of a Portland cement and its application in dental field are disclosed. Typical formula (I), (II), or (III) of this amorphous metal ion salt are shown as following: M 2 + ? A x - ? B 2 - x - ( I ) M 2 + ? A y 2 - ? C ( 4 - y ) 4 2 - ( II ) M 2 + ? A z 3 - ? D ( 6 - z ) 9 3 - ( III ) wherein, M2+, A?, B?, C?2, D?3, x, y, and z are defined the same as the specification. A novel tooth filling material comprises: a Portland cement, a bone substitute substance, and an amorphous divalent metal ion salt with formula of (I), (II), or (III). In addition, a novel root canal filling material comprises: a Portland cement, a radiopaque substance, and an amorphous divalent metal ion salt with formula of (I), (II), or (III).

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition and a method for forming an organic film on a substrate are provided. Because the photosensitive resin composition for imprinting includes an erythrotol-based monomer or oligomer, an organic film formed by the photosensitive resin composition for imprinting has improved restoring force. Therefore, the photosensitive resin composition is appropriate for imprinting processes.

Abstract: A star-branched polyester polyol is obtained by polymerizing lactide or lactic acid, using, as an initiator, a fat and oil composed mainly of a triacylglycerol that has at least three hydroxyl groups or epoxy groups in its molecule. This polyester polyol has low crystallinity and a low melting point, and thus shows good working properties when used in various applications. Furthermore, this polyester polyol is derived from renewable resources, and, thus, it is highly desirable in view of its effectiveness in protecting the global environment and preventing fossil resources from being depleted.

Abstract: A stain inhibitor, which acts to neutralise the alkali leached to the surface of a sheet of glass in the presence of water, is disclosed. The stain inhibitor comprises a compound that reacts with the water to produce an acid. The acid acts to neutralise the alkali leached to the surface of the glass. Preferably, the compound hydrolyses to produce the acid, and is an ester.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel class of polymeric compounds having specific quaternized amine based upon a dimer acid reacted with an alkanolamine to make an ester quaternary compound. Dimer acid is a C-36 diacid having a cyclic structure and two amine groups that allow for the synthesis of a high molecular weight cationic compound which is extremely substantitive to human skin and are well tolerated by human tissue making them suitable for use preparation of barrier products for personal care applications. These materials are dimethylaminopropyl amine free, which is highly desirable in personal care applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to polymers and monomers derived from agricultural feedstocks, and more particularly to methods for the production of monomers from renewable agricultural resources such as feedstocks, for example canola, flax and tallow, and polymers, in particular polyurethanes produced from monomers derived from such feedstocks. The present invention also relates to novel processes for the production of short-chain alcohols, as well as hydroxyl wax esters, from renewable feedstocks. An improved apparatus for carrying out ozonolysis reactions is also disclosed.

Abstract: A new class of polyols derived from renewable resources, including polyglycerol and vegetable oils, the use of such polyols in polyurethane foams and cast resins, and methods for making the polyols and polyurethanes are provided.

Abstract: A novel perfluoropolyether derivative, which has at least one ester bond and is useful as a lubricant with a decomposition temperature of 300° C. or more, is obtained by an esterification reaction between a perfluoropolyether diol having hydroxyl groups at both ends thereof and represented by the formula (1) and a perfluoropolyether dicarboxylic acid having carboxyl groups at both ends thereof and represented by the formula (2): HOCH2—R—CH2OH??(1) HOOC—R?—COOH??(2) wherein each of R and R? is a perfluoroether group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation and biological activity of 3-deoxy-Dmyo-inositol ether lipid analogs as inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signaling and cancer cell growth. The compounds of the present invention are useful as anti-tumor 5 agents which effectively inhibit the growth of mammalian cells.

Abstract: Vinyl ether compounds having the formula: R—O—X—O—CH═CH2 wherein R is a radical selected from R1—CnHm—, R1—CnHm—C(═O)—, R1—CnHm—CH[—O—X—O—CH═CH2—], R1—CnHm—CH[—O—X—O—CH═CH2—]C(═O)—, R1—CnHm—CH[—C(═O)—O—X—O—CH═CH2—], R1—CnHm—CH[—C(═O)—O—X—O—CH═CH2—]C(═O)—, R1—[CFCl—CF2—]pCH2— and HCFCl—CF2—, wherein R1 is hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted fluorinated aliphatic radical, an unsubstituted or substituted fluorinated cyclic aliphatic radical, an unsubstituted or substituted fluorinated aromatic radical, an unsubstituted or substituted fluorinated araliphatic radical, or an unsubstituted or substituted fluorinated heterocyclic rad

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel acyclic chiral compound of Garcinia acid of formula I, Wherein: R2=R5=lower aryl ester or alkyl ester or substituted aryl alcohol or alkyl alcohol R3=substituted aryl ester or alkyl ester or substituted aryl alcohol R1=R4=hydroxyl or And a process for preparing the same

Abstract: Provided are a novel triphenyl phosphine derivative synthesized from a triphenylphosphine and a hydroxy-containing lactone; a palladium and a nickel complexes comprising the derivative as a ligand; and a process for preparing a biaryl derivative using the complex as a catalyst. A product can be easily separated from a catalyst or a phosphorus compound, and biaryl derivative can be synthesized in a higher yield, by using the complex of the present invention as a catalyst.

Abstract: Fluorinated multifunctional alcohols containing at least 3 primary hydroxyl groups are disclosed. Such alcohols allow for easy synthesis of multifunctional crosslinkers such as acrylates, epoxies and vinyl ethers. The multifunctional crosslinkers are used in fluorinated optical coating and waveguide compositions to increase curing speed and crosslinking density.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium including a lubricant topcoat having increased bonding to the medium surface comprises an amphiphilic lubricant molecule having a hydrophilic central portion including a plurality of polar functional groups bound to the medium surface and a pair hydrophobic fluoroalkyl ether or perfluoroalkylether end portions at respective ends of the hydrophilic central portion and extending away from the medium surface.

Abstract: The invented process for producing a polyester supplies a crotonaldehyde with a purity of 95% by weight or more to a reaction system in the reaction of ketene with crotonaldehyde. In this process, unreacted crotonaldehyde may be recovered from a reaction mixture obtained by the reaction of ketene with crotonaldehyde and may be recycled to the reaction system. The &agr;vinylcrotonaldehyde content of the crotonaldehyde to be supplied to the reaction system is, for example, less than 0.5% by weight, and the paraldehyde content of the crotonaldehyde to be supplied to the reaction system is, for example, less than 5% by weight. By decomposing the above-prepared polyester with, for example, hydrochloric acid, a sorbic acid having a satisfactory hue can be efficiently obtained.

Abstract: Branched, substantially non-antigenic polymers are disclosed. Conjugates prepared with the polymers and biologically active molecules such as proteins and peptides demonstrate extended circulating life in vivo. Substantially fewer sites on the biologically active material are used as attachment sites. Methods of forming the polymer, conjugating the polymers with biologically active moieties and methods of using the conjugates are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to glyoxylic compound comprising one or more active ingredient. By the present invention, a delayed release of the active ingredient is provided upon contact of the compound with an aqueous medium.

Abstract: This invention provides a process to produce a hydroxyl group-containing ester-forming addition reaction product having an acid value of 20 mgKOH/g or less, which process is characterized in that 2,2-dimethylolalkanoic acid having 6 to 8 carbon atoms is melted, and is then mixed with alkanoic acid monoglycidylester having 8 to 24 carbon atoms so that an ester-forming addition reaction may occur. Thus obtained reaction product contains almost no undesirable high-molecular components, is quite excellent in reactivity and compatibility with a curing agent, and is useful for the manufacture of high-solids paint etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel acyclic chiral derivatives of Hibiscus acid of formula I, wherein: R1=R5=lower aryl or alkyl ester or substituted aryl or alkyl alcohol R3=substituted aryl or alkyl ester or substituted aryl alcohol R2=R4=hydroxyl or and a process for preparing the same.

Abstract: Fatty alkoxylated esters consisting of diesters of aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids, formed by reacting the acid with a stoichiometric excess of one or more polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols. Non-aqueous compositions for topical application are also disclosed including one or more active ingredients, and an emollient agent of the fatty alkoxylated esters of the present invention.

Abstract: An alkoxylation catalyst is prepared by a) reaction of one mol of a dicarboxylic acid with from 1.5 to 8 mol of an alkoxylated alcohol to form the corresponding dicarboxylic monoester, b) formation of an alkaline earth metal salt of the dicarboxylic monoester by addition of water and from 0.45 to 0.55 mol of a basic alkaline earth metal compound per mol of dicarboxylic acid originally used, c) partial neutralization of the alkaline earth metal salt by addition of from 0.25 to 0.7 mol of H2SO4 per mol of basic alkaline earth metal compound originally used and d) removal of the water present at a temperature of less than 100° C. The catalyst prepared in this way makes it possible to prepare colorless alkoxylates having a narrow homologue distribution.

Abstract: HETE derivatives and methods of their use for treating dry eye are disclosed.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of pyrrolidones (7 and 8) and pyrrolidines (9 and 10) from tri-O-acetyl-D-erythro-4-pentulosonic acid esters are described. The compounds are aza sugar analogs of D-ribofuranoside and are intermediates to drugs which regulate nucleoside and nucleic acid synthesis.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of pyrrolidones (7 and 8) and pyrrolidines (9 and 10) from tri-O-acetyl-D-erythro-4-pentulosonic acid esters are described. The compounds are aza sugar analogs of D-ribofuranoside and are intermediates to drugs which regulate nucleoside and nucleic acid synthesis.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of pyrrolidones (7 and 8) and pyrrolidines (9 and 10) from tri-O-acetyl-D-erythro-4-pentulosonic acid esters are described. The compounds are aza sugar analogs of D-ribofuranoside and are intermediates to drugs which regulate nucleoside and nucleic acid synthesis.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of pyrrolidones (7 and 8) and pyrrolidines (9 and 10) from tri-O-acetyl-D-erythro-4-pentulosonic acid esters are described. The compounds are aza sugar analogs of D-ribofuranoside and are intermediates to drugs which regulate nucleoside and nucleic acid synthesis.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of pyrrolidones (7 and 8) and pyrrolidines (9 and 10) from tri-O-acetyl-D-erythro-4-pentulosonic acid esters are described. The compounds are aza sugar analogs of D-ribofuranoside and are intermediates to drugs which regulate nucleoside and nucleic acid synthesis.

Abstract: Block copolymers containing a fluorinated hydrocarbon unit, a hydrocarbon unit, and a poly(oxyethylene) unit are useful in fluid formulations of pharmaceutical agents. A typical embodiment is: C11H23—CONHC2H4NHCO—C8F16—CONHC2H4NHCOO—(C2H4O)34—H.

Abstract: Betulin and dihydrobetulin acyl derivatives according to the present invention have been found to have potent anti-HIV activity. The compounds of the present invention have the following formulae: or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1 is a C2-C20 substituted or unsubstituted carboxyacyl, R2 is a C2-C20 substituted or unsubstituted carboxyacyl; and R3 is hydrogen, halogen, amino, optionally substituted mono- or di-alkylamino, or —OR4, where R4 is hydrogen, C1-4 alkanoyl, benzoyl, or C2-C20 substituted or unsubstituted carboxyacyl; wherein the dashed line represents an optional double bond between C20 and C29.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to polymeric- prodrug transport forms of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: B is a leaving group, OH, a residue of a hydroxyl-containing moiety or ##STR2## wherein B.sub.1 is a leaving group, OH or a residue of a hydroxyl-containing moiety;Y.sub.1-2 are independently O or S;M is selected from either X or Q; wherein X is an electron withdrawing group and Q is a moiety containing a free electron pair positioned three to six atoms from C(.dbd.Y.sub.2); R.sub.2-5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyls, C.sub.3-12 branched alkyls, C.sub.3-8 cycloalkyls, C.sub.1-6 substituted alkyls, C.sub.3-8 substituted cycloalkyls, aryls, substituted aryls, aralkyls, C.sub.1-6 heteroalkyls and substituted C.sub.1-6 heteroalkyls;(m) is zero or one;(n) is a positive integer;(p) is zero or a positive integer;Z is an electron withdrawing group; andR.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing 2-substituted succinate esters of formula (I) by reacting (a) a dicarboxylic compound with a first alcohol R'O[CH'.CH.sub.2 O].sub.x H where x is 0 or an integer from 1-6 in the presence of a catalyst to form a hydrocarbyl ester or, when x=1-6, a hydrocarbyloxy alkylene ester of maleic and/or fumaric acid and (b) the ester from step (a) with an alkaline earth metal alkoxide in the presence of a second alcohol R.OH to form the 2-substituted succinate ester of formula (I). The esters and paint formulations based thereon are also claimed.

Abstract: A water or aqueous soluble salt of a perfluoro polyether alcohol is applied to form a lubricant topcoat on a magnetic recording medium. Suitable soluble salts include the sodium salt of a perfluoro polyether diol.

Abstract: A catalyst and process for preparation of dihydroxy esters from specified hydroxy aldehydes is disclosed. In one embodiment, a catalyst liquid is provided which comprises from 10 percent to 60 percent magnesium salt of a specified alkanoic acid or acids, and from 90 percent to 40 percent of a particular alkanoic acid or acids, the molar ratio of alkanoic acid to magnesium salt being from about 1.5 to 20.3. The catalyst solution or liquid contacts or is contacted with a specified hydroxy aldehyde under suitable reaction conditions to form the desired dihydroxy ester. In another embodiment, dihydroxy esters are derived from specified hydroxy aldehydes by first forming a magnesium catalyst containing liquid by reacting magnesium or magnesium oxide, under suitable conditions, with a suitable alkanoic acid or acids, the acid or acids being provided in excess in specified molar ratios.

Abstract: Branched, substantially non-antigenic polymers are disclosed. Conjugates prepared with the polymers and biologically active molecules such as proteins and peptides demonstrate extended circulating life in vivo. Substantially fewer sites on the biologically active material are used as attachment sites. Methods of forming the polymer, conjugating the polymers with biologically active moieties and methods of using the conjugates are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process is described for producing acetals comprising reacting an aldehyde or a ketone with an alcohol in the presence of a titanium compound having an acetylacetone as a ligand, or in the presence of a compound selected from the group consisting of stannous chloride dihydrate, cerium chloride hexahydrate and bismuth chloride. The process can be used in the synthesis of unstable acetals or when water exists in the reaction mixture, and therefore the process can be used for a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: A complex alcohol ester which comprises the reaction product of an add mixture of the following: a polyhydroxyl compound represented by the general formula:R(OH).sub.nwherein R is any aliphatic or cyclo-aliphatic hydrocarbyl group and n is at least 2, provided that the hydrocarbyl group contains from about 2 to 20 carbon atoms; a polybasic acid or an anhydride of a polybasic acid, provided that the ratio of equivalents of the polybasic acid to equivalents of alcohol from the polyhydroxyl compound is in the range between about 1.6:1 to 2:1; and a monohydric alcohol, provided that the ratio of equivalents of the monohydric alcohol to equivalents of the polybasic acid is in the range between about 0.84:1 to 1.2:1; wherein the complex alcohol ester exhibits a pour point of less than or equal to -20.degree. C., a viscosity in the range between about 100-700 cSt at 40.degree. C. and having a polybasic acid ester concentration of less than or equal to 70 wt. %, based on the complex alcohol ester.

Abstract: Fatty alkoxylate esters consisting of diesters of aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids, formed by reacting the acid with a stoichiometric excess of one or more polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols having fatty moieties containing from 14 to 22 carbon atoms. Non-aqueous compositions for topical application are also disclosed including one or more active ingredients, and an emollient agent of the fatty alkoxylate esters of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of preparing high purity polyalkylene oxide carboxylic acids. The methods include reacting a polyalkylene oxide such as polyethylene glycol with a t-butyl haloacetate in the presence of a base followed by treatment with an acid such as trifluoroacetic acid. The resultant polymer carboxylic acids are of sufficient purity so that expensive and time containing purification steps required for pharmaceutical grade polymers are avoided.

Abstract: Novel functionalized peroxides which may be used as crosslinking, grafting and curing agents, initiators for polymerization reactions and as monomers for condensation polymerizations to form peroxy-containing polymers, which in turn can be used to prepare block and graft copolymers, have the following Formula I: ##STR1## R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, X, Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, x, y and z are as defined in the Summary of the Invention. The compounds of Formula I may be prepared by reacting hydroxy-containing tertiary hydroperoxides with diacid halides, phosgene, dichloroformates, diisocyanates, anhydrides and lactones to form the functionalized peroxides. These reaction products may be further reacted, if desired, with dialcohols, diamines, aminoalcohols, epoxides, epoxy alcohols, epoxy amines, diacid halides, dichloroformates and diisocyanates to form additional functionalized peroxides.

Abstract: Fatty alkoxylate esters consisting of diesters of aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids, formed by reacting the acid with a stoichiometric excess of one or more polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols having fatty moieties containing from 14 to 22 carbon atoms. Non-aqueous compositions for topical application are also disclosed including one or more active ingredients, and an emollient agent of the fatty alkoxylate esters of the present invention.

Abstract: A compound of the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R is alkyl from about 4 to about 22 carbon atoms, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are alkyl from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, X is either sulphur or oxygen, Y is --C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O-- or --C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O-- or a mixture of --C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O and --C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O--, m is a number from about 1 to about 20, n is a number from about 1 to about 6, p is a number from 2 to 4, q is a number from 0 to about 2 and r is a number from 0 to about 2, with q+r+p being the integer 4. This invention is also directed m the method for treating fibers by applying this compound.

Abstract: Esters of citric acid or acetylcitric anhydride with compounds of at least 3 OH groups selected from the group consisting of polyglycerol, sugarcarboxylic acids, alkyl glucosides, derivatives of oligosaccharides, aminosorbitol, aminodisorbitol, glucosamine, triethanolamine and trishydroxyethylmelamine, each OH group of the alcohol component of the esters being esterified on average with from 0.15 to 1 molecule of citric acid or acetylcitric anhydride, are useful as additives in low-phosphate or phosphate-free detergents.

Abstract: Di-, tri- and poly-perfluoroalkyl-substituted alcohols and acids and derivatives thereof are described which are prepared from perfluoroalkyl iodides and di-, tri- or polyallyl alcohols or acids. These compounds contain two or more perfluoroalkyl-iodoalkyl or perfluoroalkyl-alkenyl groups and one or two alcohol or acid groups or derivatized alcohol or acid functions. They can be reacted with isocyanates, epoxy compounds, anhydrides, acids or acid derivatives to prepare a great variety of oil- and water-repellent compositions which are useful for oil- and water-repellent treatment of textiles, glass, paper, leather and other substrates.