Abstract: This invention relates to a composition comprising a mixture of a fumarate, maleate and 2-allyloxy-succinate esters falling within the area defined by points A, B, C, and D of a triangular chemical composition diagram (hereafter "TCCD") said points representing respectively the ranges of concentration of said maleate, fumarate and succinate in said composition, a process for preparing the same and the use thereof as a reactive diluent in a paint or coating formulation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyester polyol comprising within its molecular structure both structural units respectively represented by the following general formula (I) and general formula (II). In addition, the present invention provides a polyurethane using the polyester polyol of the present invention. This polyurethane exhibits excellent resistance to hydrolysis, resistance to alkali, mechanical strength, and the like. ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and each represents lower alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms), ##STR2## (wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same or different and each represents lower alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms).

Abstract: A process for producing hydroxyalkyl monoacrylate of the present invention, comprises the steps of: reacting acrylic acid or an acrylic acid derivative with alkane diol for esterification and/or transesterification therebetween in the presence of a reaction catalyst comprising a stannoxane compound; recovering said reaction catalyst from a liquid reaction product by extraction; and recycling the recovered reaction catalyst to a reaction system for said esterification and/or transesterification. The process of the present invention is an industrially useful process for producing hydroxyalkyl monoacrylate, which is excellent in reactivity, selectivity for an aimed product, stability of a reaction catalyst used and stability of a reaction substrate and product, and is improved so as to effectively recover and reuse the reaction catalyst.

Abstract: An improvement in a method for transfecting a cell with a nucleic acid the improvement comprising contacting the cell with a liposomal transfection composition comprising the nucleic acid, sphingosine or a derivative thereof, having a protonable amino group in the sphingosine moiety, and at least one helper lipid.

Abstract: This invention relates to pentaerythritol lipid derivatives which are useful for the intracellular delivery of polynucleotides. These cationic lipids are useful in the preparation of liposomes and other lipid vesicles for the delivery of nucleic acids into mammalian cells.

Abstract: There is a provided a stable low viscosity graft polymer dispersion comprising from 25 to 60 weight percent based on the total weight of the polymer dispersion of at least three ethylenically unsaturated monomers polymerized in the presence of a reaction moderator and a free radical initiator in a polyol mixture initially containing less than 0.1 moles of induced unsaturation per mole of said polyol mixture. One of the monomers in the mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomers is a hydroxylfunctional or aminofunctional C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkyl methacrylate.

Abstract: In a process for preparing .omega.-hydroxyesters of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids, a vinyloxy ester of the carboxylic acid is treated with a strong acid in the presence of an alcohol, in particular a 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol.

Abstract: Synthesis of a vinyl terminated polymer by reacting a cationically polymeable monomer in the form of a cyclic ether with an acid chloride in a suitable solvent and in the presence of a Lewis acid. The vinyl-terminated polymers can be polymerized with other appropriate monomers resulting in thermoplastic elastomers having suitable properties for use as binders for explosives and propellants.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for introducing nucleic acids into cells. The method involves exposing the cells to a compound having the formula ##STR1## in which: w is a nucleic acidx is a non-amino acid or non-peptide nucleic acid binding groupy is a spacer having a chain length equivalent to 1-30 carbon-carbon single covalent bonds or is absentR.sub.4 is H or halogen or CH.sub.2 O--R.sub.3 ; and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different and are either hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxylated alkyl, hydroxylated alkenyl groups or ether containing alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxylated alkyl or hydroxylated alkenyl groups optionally being an acyl group having a carbon chain length equivalent to 3-24 carbon atoms saturated or unsaturated, with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 includes a group having a carbon chain of 3-24 carbon atoms saturated or unsaturated, or to a compound having the formula:w . . . y--y--NH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 O--R.sub.

Abstract: Novel cationic amphiphiles are provided that facilitate transport of biologically active (therapeutic) molecules into cells. The amphiphiles contain lipophilic groups derived from steroids, from mono or dialkylamines, or from alkyl or acyl groups; and cationic groups, protonatable at physiological pH, derived from amines, alkylamines or polyalkylamines. There are provided also therapeutic compositions prepared typically by contacting a dispersion of one or more cationic amphiphiles with the therapeutic molecules. Therapeutic molecules that can be delivered into cells according to the practice of the invention include DNA, RNA, and polypeptides. Representative uses of the therapeutic compositions of the invention include providing gene therapy, and delivery of antisense polynucleotides or biologically active polypeptides to cells. With respect to therapeutic compositions for gene therapy, the DNA is provided typically in the form of a plasmid for complexing with the cationic amphiphile.

Abstract: Novel aqueous thickener or thixotropic polymers are prepared by the copolymerization of (A) about 15-60 weight percent of a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, preferably acrylic or methacrylic acid or a mixture thereof with itaconic or fumaric acid, (B) about 15-80 weight percent of a nonionic copolymerizable C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably a monovinyl ester such as ethyl acrylate or a mixture thereof with styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride or vinyl acetate, and (C) about 1-30 weight percent of a new and novel nonionic ethylenically unsaturated nonionic biphillic monomer such as tristyrylpoly(ethyleneoxy).sub.x methyl acrylate, to provide a stable aqueous colloidal dispersion at an acid pH lower than about 5.0 but becoming an effective thickener for aqueous systems upon adjustment to a pH of about 5.5-10.5 or higher. These polymers adjusted to a pH of about 5.

Abstract: A hydroxy-functional polymer having a number average molecular weight, as determined by gel permeation chromatography, of from about 1800 to about 2700 and which consists essentially of polymerized monomers of 10-40% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer, styrene; 20-55% by weight isobornyl methacrylate; and 20-55% by weight hydroxypropyl methacrylate; where the total of the monomers equals 100% are disclosed. The polymers are especially useful in combination with polyisocyanates as clearcoats in clearcoat/basecoat coating applications.

Abstract: Lipid molecules bearing a cationic charge are described. These cationic lipids are useful in the delivery of biomolecules, such as oligonucleotides, nucleic acids, peptides, diagnostic imaging agents, proteins and drug molecules. In the form of liposomes, they can effectively be used for the intracellular delivery of biomolecules for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: This invention has for its object to insure an effective utilization of single-stranded nucleic acid copolymers, particularly poly(adenylic acid-uridylic acid), and to provide a pharmaceutical composition having antitumor activity.The invention typically relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a lipid device such as Lipofectin (trademark), 3-O-(4-dimethylaminobutanoyl)-1,2-O-dioleylgycerol, 3-O-(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)carbamoyl-1,2-O-dioleylglycerol, 3-O-(2-diethylaminoethyl) carbamoyl-1,2-O-dioleylgycerol, or 2-O-(2-diethylaminoethyl)carbamoyl-1,3-O-dioleoylglycerol and poly(adenylic acid-uridylic acid).

Abstract: A base fluid for metal working fluids comprises a stoichiometrically neutral salt of the partial esterification product having an acid number of 10-120, preferably 20-100 of polymerized fatty acids and a monohydric alkoxylated alcohol, selected from (a) straight or branched chain saturated monohydric C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alcohols, alkoxylated with 2-25 moles of C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkylene oxide, (b) alkoxy poly(alkylene) glycol etherified with C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 aliphatic monohydric alcohol and which is alkoxylated with 2-25 moles of C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkylene oxide, (c) an aliphatic, straight or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 monohydric alcohol, and mixtures thereof, which partial ester is converted into a stoichiometrically neutral salt by neutralizing it by ammonium hydroxide, or an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkyl amine or an alkanol amine. Also the novel stoichiometrically neutral alkali metal and alkanol amine salts of the partial esters have been claimed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds containing an oxamic acid group, which show high reactivity and have stability for water and are used as paints, adhesives, and plastic materials etc. in the form of a reaction material or a resin. Since into these compounds an oxamic acid group is introduced in a part of the molecule and the oxamic acid group is an ionic functional group, the compounds show superior solubility and dispersing character in water and also, since the oxamic acid group is a group of a disappearing type with heating, the compounds do not remain, after hardening, in the hardened product. Accordingly, the hardened products obtained from these compounds are superior in water-resistant and anticorrosion properties and in durability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of (meth)acrylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols by reaction of the reactants with acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid in the presence of acidic esterification catalysts with addition of sterically hindered phenolic compounds as polymerization inhibitors. The process is characterized in that tocopherols are used as the sterically hindered phenolic compounds and .alpha.-tocopherol is preferably at least partly used. The process is preferably carried out using reaction mixtures which are liquid at room temperature and which are at least substantially free from solvents and/or azeotropic entraining agents; more particularly, the water of condensation formed is removed from the gas phase of the reaction zone.

Abstract: A curable liquid resin which can give a coating composition capable of forming a film, the curable liquid resin being a copolymer obtained from(A) a monomer of the formula (1) or (2),CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R.sup.1)COO--R.sup.2 (1)CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R.sup.3)COO(C.sub.n H.sub.2n O).sub.m--R.sup.4(2)and(B) at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of(B1) a monomer prepared by reacting an ethylenically unsaturated epoxide (a) with a fatty acid (b) of the formula (3)R.sup.5 COOH (3)(B2) a monomer of the formula (4),CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R.sup.6)CONR.sup.7 R.sup.8 (4)and(B3) a monomer whose molecule has at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds.

Abstract: An unsaturated (meth) acrylic compound of formula: ##STR1## (X=O, S, NH, NR.sup.3 (R.sup.3 =C.sub.1-12 -alkyl) or O--(CH.sub.2).sub.n (where n=1-16 approximately); R.sup.2 =C.sub.2-20 straight-chain or branched alkyl, monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl, or alkylaryl hydrocarbon chain, comprising an olefinic double bond in the chain, or at the end of the chain in the case of alkyl or alkylaryl, or an exocyclic or endocyclic olefinic double bond in the case of monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl; and R.sup.1 =H or C.sub.1-5 -alkyl), is reacted at 10.degree.-60.degree. C. with at least one oxidising compound (hydrogen peroxide) in the presence of at least one catalyst (alkali metal molybdates and tungstates) and in the presence of at least one phase transfer agent and when R.sup.2 =polycyclic cycloalkyl or hetercycloalkyl, an organic peracid or hydrogen peroxide in the presence of at least one heteropolyacid.

Abstract: This invention pertains to perfluoropolyethers and perhalogenated chlorofluoropolyethers that can be prepared by fluorinating addition polymers made by polymerizing epoxides.

Abstract: Polymerizable, organic-soluble, oligomeric fluorochemical surfactant compositions having at least two pendent fluoroaliphatic groups, at least two organic-solubilizing groups, and a pendent polymerizable olefinic group. Also a method of preparing such surfactant compositions. The compositions reduce the surface energy of acrylate-containing mixtures and acrylate-based pressure-sensitive adhesives. They can be used in preparing acrylate-based pressure-sensitive adhesives that coat well due to the presence of the surfactant and maintain adhesive performance upon aging.

Abstract: A photocurable resin composition for glass lamination, consisting essentially of a radical polymerizable monomer having at least two repeating units of ethylene oxide in its molecule and a photopolymerization initiator, a cured product of which has a volume resistivity of less than 5.times.10.sup.9 .OMEGA..cm.

Abstract: This invention relates to hindered-hydroxyl functional (meth)acrylate compounds and derivatives thereof and to processes for the preparation thereof. The hindered-hydroxyl functional (meth)acrylate compounds and derivatives thereof are useful alone or in the production of intermediates, and have utility in coatings, adhesives, inks, sealants, reactive surfactants, wet adhesion monomers, as well as in other end uses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of (meth)acrylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols by reaction of the reactants in the presence of acidic esterification catalysts with addition of .alpha.-substituted phenolic compounds, more particularly di-tert.-butyl hydroquinone, as polymerization inhibitors. The new process is characterized in that the reaction mixtures used are liquid at room temperature and are at least substantially free from solvents and/or azeotropic entraining agents and in that the water of condensation formed is removed from the gas phase of the reaction zone.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the esterification of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.24 monocarboxylic acid with a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 monoalcohol in a reactor at an increased reaction temperature and increased pressure which is carried out in the absence of any esterification catalyst while continuously feeding in the alcohol during the reaction and removing a gaseous alcohol/water mixture. Preferably the process is carried out in countercurrent in column reactor which is packed or contains plates. The reaction temperature is usually between 200.degree. C. and 260.degree. C. at a pressure between 0.5 and 1.5 MPa. There is a C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 monocarboxylic acid and monoalcohol a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 monoalcohol. More preferably the process is carried in two steps with a first step as described above and a second step in which further reaction to a conversion of at least 99% is carried out in the presence of an esterification catalyst at a temperature below 100.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel ketone monomers containing both alpha-beta unsaturated acylate and unsaturated fatty acylate substituents on more carbon atoms beta to the carbonyl group (Formula 1) have been found to be surprisingly useful in a variety of essentially pollution free coatings applications.a,b,cCC(0)Cd,e,f Formula IWherein not less than one, but no more than three of a,b,d and e are each independently chosen from among monovalent ligands having the structure --CH.sub.2,O.sub.2 CCR.dbd.CR'R" (wherein each of R,R', and R" is independently chosen from among hydrogen, methyl or ethyl ligands); and wherein at least one, but not more than three of a,b,d and e are each independently chosen from among monovalent ligands having the structure: --CH.sub.2 O.sub.2 CC.sub.n H.sub.

Abstract: An unsaturated (meth)acrylic compound of formula: ##STR1## (X.dbd.O, S, NH, NR.sup.3 (R.sup.3 =C.sub.1-12 -alkyl) or O--(CH.sub.2).sub.n (where n=1-16 approximately); R.sup.2 =C.sub.2-20 straight-chain or branched alkyl, monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl, or alkylaryl hydrocarbon chain, comprising an olefinic double bond in the chain, or at the end of the chain in the case of alkyl or alkylaryl, or an exocyclic or endocyclic olefinic double bond in the case of monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl; and R.sup.1 =H or C.sub.1-5 -alkyl), is reacted at 10.degree.-60.degree. C. with at least one oxidizing compound (hydrogen peroxide) in the presence of at least one catalyst (alkali metal molybdates and tungstates) and in the presence of at least one phase transfer agent and when R.sup.2 =polycyclic cycloalkyl or hetercycloalkyl, an organic peracid or hydrogen peroxide in the presence of at least one heteropolyacid.

Abstract: Disclosed are cationic lipids capable of facilitating transport of biologically active agents into cells, including the transfection of cells by therapeutic polynucleotides, the delivery of antiviral drugs, and the introduction of immunogenic peptides. The cationic lipids, comprising an ammonium group, have the general structure ##STR1## Also disclosed are adducts of these compounds comprising additional cationic sites that enhance the transfective or transport activity. Structure-activity correlations provide for the selection of preferred compounds to be synthesized for this purpose. Compositions disclosed for use of these cationic lipid include formulations for in vitro transfection and pharmaceutical formulations for parenteral and topical administration of therapeutic agents.

Abstract: Various novel acetal- and aldehyde-containing monomers are prepared. They can be polymerized and copolymerized by conventional polymerization techniques. The polymers contain repeating units derived from one or more ethylenically or allylically unsaturated monomers containing an acetal group or aldehyde group and optionally one or more repeating units derived from ethylenically or allylically unsaturated monomers other than the acetal-containing or aldehyde-containing monomer such as ethylene, vinyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate or acrylic acid. Aqueous emulsions of polymers containing the acetal-containing monomers and a hydroxy-containing monomer are useful as binders for nonwoven fabrics.

Abstract: There is described the preparation of esters of an acid having the structure CH.sub.2 .dbd.CHCO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2).sub.n H (AOnPA herein) and their use to form polymers, as reactive diluents and modifiers and as crosslinkers. In the above formula n has a value above 0.1. The polymers and the compositions are useful as coatings, binders and adhesives. The compositions are low in volatile components and toxicity.

Abstract: 4-Hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate is prepared by reacting (meth)acrylic acid with 1,4-butanediol in the presence of an acidic catalyst. 1,4-Butanediol di(meth)acrylate is added at the beginning of the reaction and the ratios of the butanediol to the acid and of the ester to the acid are kept within specified ranges during the course of the reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of (meth)acrylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols by reaction thereof with acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid in the presence of acidic esterification catalysts with addition of polymerization inhibitors to the reaction mixture. The new process is characterized in that, where unsubstituted phenolic compounds are used as inhibitors, the esterification reaction is carried out with addition of active carbon to the reaction mixture. The preferred inhibitor is hydroquinone. In addition, the esterification reaction is preferably carried out in the absence of liquid solvents and/or azeotropic entraining agents.

Abstract: Binary azulenesquaric acid dyes of the formula ##STR1## where X is a bridging member, Y is hydrogen, cyano or formula CO--OR.sup.5, CO--NHR.sup.5, OR.sup.5, O--CO--OR.sup.5, NH--CO--R.sup.5, NH--CO--OR.sup.5 or NH--SO.sub.2 --R.sup.5, where R.sup.5 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are each, independently of one another, a chemical bond or unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkylene and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2, Q.sup.3 and Q.sup.4 are each, independently of one another, hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, their intermediates and an optical recording medium containing the novel dyes are described.

Abstract: 2-Propyl-2-pentanoic acid (valproic acid) esters and (E)-2-propyl-2-pentenoic acid [(E)-2-valproenoic acid] esters surprisingly proved to have valuable properties, in that they show anticonvulsive and antiepileptic activities comparable with those of valproic acid, as well as an improved bioavailability and a markedly reduced toxicity.

Abstract: A process for the production of (meth)acrylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols by reaction of the reactants in the presence of acidic esterification catalysts with addition of polymerization inhibitors to the reaction mixture and purging of the reactor interior with an oxygen-containing gas stream. The process is characterized in that that part of the reactor interior filled with gas phase is charged with finely divided liquid droplets containing polymerization inhibitor.

Abstract: Glycerol derivatives of general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R=allyl, methylallyl, acryloyl or methacryloyl, R.sub.1 =R.sub.2 =glyoxyloyl, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 =H, glyoxyloyl; their preparation process, their use as cross-linking agnets and cross-linking or cross-linkable compositions containing them. These compounds are useful as crosslinking agents for woven and non-woven fibrous mats and textiles.

Abstract: This application relates to monomers and homopolymers of diacetylenic ethers having the formula ##STR1## wherein X is alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl, monoalkylamino or dialkylamino and Y is alkyl, alkenyl or ##STR2## where X' is independently selected from the group of X. The invention also relates to the method of preparing and using said alkoxy diacetylenes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the reaction of carboxylic acids with vinyl ethers using a non-polymeric pyridine hydrochloride and/or polymeric vinylpyridine hydrochloride as a catalyst.

Abstract: Radiation curable compositions containing outstanding reactive diluents have been developed. The diluents are lower alkyl ether acrylates and methacrylates of particular alkoxylated and non-alkoxylated polyols.Examples are mono-methoxy trimethylolpropane diacrylate, mono-methoxy neopentyl glycol monoacrylate and mono-methoxy, ethoxylated neopentyl glycol monoacrylate having an average of about two moles of ethylene oxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel hydroxy-functional polyester diluents, and more particularly, to acrylic-modified hydroxy-functional polyester reactive diluents useful for blending with a variety of thermosetting or thermoplastic film-forming polymers. More specifically, the hydroxy-functional polyester reactive diluents are essentially low molecular weight polyesters derived from triols, and a combination of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids and saturated monocarboxylic acids. These hydroxy-functional polyester diluents may be compolymerized with one or more acrylic monomers, i.e. hydroxy-functional acrylic monomers, and blended with a variety of thermosetting or thermoplastic film-forming polymers. These blends of the film-forming polymers and the hydroxy-functional polyester diluents can be crosslinked with conventional crosslinking agents as isocyanates and used in the formulation of low VOC paint compositions particularly useful as automotive topcoats.

Abstract: Non-stoichiometric, heterogeneous, amorphous catalysts for preparing esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids.

Abstract: A polymerizable vinyl monomer represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or methyl group and n is a real number of 3 to 100, and preparation thereof. The vinyl monomer is useful for the preparation of vinyl resin which is highly reactive in crosslinking with a hardener and capable of resulting in a coating of resilient, tough and flexible nature.

Abstract: A process for the continuous transesterification of C.sub.6 -C.sub.22 fatty acid lower alkyl esters, particularly methyl esters, with polyhydric C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alcohols, particularly glycerol, in a reaction column comprising a rectifying and reaction section, alkaline catalysts and polyhydric alcohol are introduced into the upper part of the reaction column and boiling fatty acid methyl ester is introduced into the middle part of the reaction column. The product collected in the sump of the column is removed, heated and returned to the lower part of the reaction column. Product is removed from the sump. Lower alkanols passing from the reaction column section to the rectifying section are rectified. The reaction column is operated in boiling equilibrium in its lower part and predominantly in an absorption/desorption equilibrium in its upper part.

Abstract: A plasticizer for chloroprene rubber represented by the following general formula (I):R.sub.1 (O--R).sub.m S(R--O).sub.n R.sub.2 (I)wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent each a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic monoacyl group having 4 to 24 carbon atoms;R represents an alkylene group having two to four carbon atoms; andm and n represent each an integer of 1 to 4:is disclosed.

Abstract: A polyalkylene oxide having unsaturated end groups. The polymer has a distribution of molecular weight Mw/Mn of not more than 1.5, and a process for the same. The polymer is useful as rubber materials, and can provide cured rubber having an excellent elongation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to polyester polyols in the hydroxyl number range of about 80 to 250 which are based on reaction products of(a) about 52 to 60 mole % of a polyol component with(b) about 40 to 48 mole % of dicarboxylic acid component, characterized in that(a) the polyol component is based on (i) about 2 to 30 mole % of at least one dihydric aliphatic alcohol which has at least two carbon atoms and is different from neopentyl glycol, (ii) about 5 to 40 mole % of at least one aliphatic alcohol which is at least trihydric and has at least 3 carbon atoms, (iii) about 20 to 60 mole % of bis-(hydroxymethyl)-cyclohexane and (iv) about 10 to 50 mole % of neopentyl glycol, and(b) the dicarboxylic acid component is based on (v) about 50 to 99 mole % of at least one aliphatic, saturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride of such an acid containing at least 2 carbon atoms and (vi) about 0.

Abstract: Radiation curable compositions containing outstanding reactive diluents have been developed. The diluents are lower alkyl ether acrylates and methacrylates of particular alkoxylated and non-alkoxylated polyols.Examples are mono-methoxy trimethylolpropane diacrylate, mono-methoxy neopentyl glycol monoacrylate and mono-methoxy, ethoxylated neopentyl glycol monoacrylate having an average of about two moles of ethylene oxide.

Abstract: The instant invention involves a process for preparing acrylic acid esters which comprises coreacting an acrylic acid and an aliphatic mono or polyol by maintaining one of the reactants in a reactor at elevated temperatures and adding the other reactant to the reactor over a period of time. By employing this process esterification times are reduced significantly.

Abstract: Lactic acid esters of an .alpha.-branched fatty acid possessing an excellent hair conditioning effect are disclosed. Typical example is sodium 2-heptylundecanoyl acid lactate prepared by the reaction of 2-heptylundecanoic acid and lactic acid in the presence of an alkali such as sodium hydroxide. This compound gives a shampoo composition in conjunction with an anionic surface active agent, and a hair rinse composition when a quaternary ammonium salt is formulated. The compositions have excellent conditioning effects on use such as good slipperiness and hair curling formation or retention performance.

Abstract: Radiation-curable compositions containing monoalkyl or mono-aralkyl ether di-acrylates or di-methacrylates of particular ethoxylated and/or propoxylated polyols of formulae I and II have been developed. These polyol derivatives substituted with hydrophobic ether functionalities constitute UV-curable diluents that can be isolated in excellent yields with minimal losses during the manufacturing process.