Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids or esters or amides thereof, said process comprising reacting: (a) an unsaturated fatty acid or ester or amide thereof; (b) a source of Pd; (c) a bidentate diphosphine of formula I, R1R2>P1-R-P2<R3R4??(I) wherein P1 and P2 represent phosphorus atoms; R1, R2, R3 and R4 represent tert-butyl; and wherein R represents an optionally substituted aromatic group spanning P1 and P2; (d) a lower alcohol; and (e) an acid co-catalyst, under conditions for isomerization to take place. The process is particularly advantageous for the isomerization of substituted alkenes harbouring a hydroxy group when the desired end product has a keto group, such as ricinoleic acid or ester thereof.

Abstract: A polymerizable compound is provided. The polymerizable compound has two or more polymerizable functional groups in a molecule thereof, wherein one of the two or more polymerizable functional groups of the polymerizable compound is an acrylamide group having the below-mentioned formula (1). The polymerizable compound can be preferably used for inkjet ink.

Abstract: The present invention provides a diacetylene derivative represented by the following formula (A) which exhibits liquid crystallinity by itself and has a large refractive index anisotropy or does not exhibit liquid crystallinity by itself but exhibits a large refractive index anisotropy when added to a liquid crystalline compound: R1-Sp1-(Ar1)p-(Ar3)q-(Phe)r-C?C—C?C-(Phe)r-(Ar4)q-(Ar2)p-Sp2-R2??(A) (wherein R1 and R2 are a hydrogen, halogen, cyano, isothiocyanate, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or reactive group, SP1 and SP2 are each a spacer group, Ar1 and Ar2 are each a non-substituted or substituted aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic group, Ar3 and Ar4 are each a non-substituted or substituted heterocyclic group, Phe is a non-substituted or substituted 1,4-phenylene group, and p, q and r are each 0 or 1.

Abstract: Disclosed is (1) a mixture of fluoroalkyl alcohol-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives represented by the general formulae: CF3(CF2)n(CH?CF)a(CF2CF2)b(CH2CH2)c OCOCR?CH2 and CF3(CF2)n?1(CF?CH)a CF2(CF2CF2)b(CH2CH2)cOCOCR?CH2, wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, n is an integer of 1 to 5, a is an integer of 1 to 4, b is an integer of 0 to 3, and c is an integer of 1 to 3; (2) a fluorine-containing polymer containing the mixture as a polymerization unit; and (3) a water- and oil-repellent comprising the fluorine-containing polymer as an active ingredient. The fluoroalkyl alcohol-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives are produced by an esterification reaction of a mixture of fluoroalkyl alcohols represented by the general formulae: CF3(CF2)n(CH?CF)a(CF2CF2)b(CH2CH2)cOH and CF3(CF2)n?1(CF?CH)aCF2(CF2CF2)b, (CH2CH2)cOH, with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a telechelic diacrylate fluoropolymer and a process for manufacture of the fluoropolymer. The diacrylate copolymer is of formula CH2?CR?COO—(CH2)n—R—(CH2)n—OOCCR??CH2, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of i) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride and perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), ii) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, iii) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), and iv) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene and a hydrocarbon olefin, R? is H or —CH3, n is 1-4 and wherein said oligomer has a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 25,000 daltons.

Abstract: An alkali developable photosensitive resin composition contains (J) a photopolymerizable unsaturated compound having a structure resulting from the addition reaction of (B) a compound having a ?-diketone moiety or a compound having a ?-ketoester group to the (meth)acryloyl group of (A) a compound having at least two (meth)acryloyl groups and a hydroxyl group and subsequent esterification of the hydroxyl group of the resulting addition product with (C) a polybasic acid anhydride. The compound having a ?-diketone moiety is preferably a novel ?-diketone compound represented by general formula (I): wherein R1 is a C1-C20 alkyl group; R2 represents R11, OR11, COR11, SR11, CONR12R13, or CN; R11, R12, and R13 are each hydrogen, a C1-C20 alkyl group, etc.; a is 0 to 3; and b is 0 to 4.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a composition containing a stabilizer which does not turn yellow upon curing and which acts as a polymerization inhibitor during production and storage of a (meth)acrylic modified (hydrogenated) polybutadiene. The curable composition is characterized in that it contains 0.1-99.9999% by weight of component (A) which is a (meth)acrylic modified (hydrogenated) polybutadiene, and 0.0001-10% by weight of component (B) which is a compound represented by formula (IV).

Abstract: The present invention relates to silylated amino resins, to processes for preparing them, to their use, and to coating compositions comprising them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing (meth)acrylic esters of alcohols having C—C triple bonds, to processes for their preparation, and to their use.

Abstract: Provided is a method capable of solving the problems associated with production of LVSA, which is a pheromone produced by female pest mealybugs, and is useful as an agrochemical pest, at an industrial large scale, and producing LVSA in a high yield. Specifically, the present invention provides a production method of 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-yl 3-methyl-2-butenoate, comprising reacting senecioic acid with a halogenating agent to give senecioic acid halide, reacting the obtained senecioic acid halide with 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-ol in the presence of an organic base compound and heat treating the obtained crude 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-yl 3-methyl-2-butenoate in the presence of a basic substance at 50-250° C.

Abstract: A granular composition comprising an organic compound having a melting point of 30 to 100° C., and a compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-8 alkyl group, or a C5-8 cycloalkyl group, R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-8 alkyl group, and X represents a single bond, a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom, a C1-8 alkylidene group or a C5-8 cycloalkylidene group.

Abstract: The invention provides hetero-functional compound compounds useful in a variety of adhesive applications. More particularly, the invention provides compounds bearing at least one electron rich olefinic bond and at least one electron poor olefinic bond, wherein the two olefinic bonds are separated by a C3 to about C500 aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic spacer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing allyl methacrylate, comprising the reaction of allyl alcohol with an ester of methacrylic acid, wherein the reaction is catalyzed by zirconium acetylacetonate. The process according to the invention enables particularly favorable preparation of allyl methacrylate with a very high purity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-yl 3-methyl-2-butenoate industrially advantageously in a high yield. More particularly, the present invention provides a method of producing 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-yl 3-methyl-2-butenoate represented by the following formula (IV): which comprises reacting 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-ol with an organic sulfonyl halide in the presence of a basic substance to give a sulfonate compound represented by the following formula (III): wherein R is a hydrocarbon group, and reacting the obtained sulfonate compound with senecionic acid in the presence of a basic substance.

Abstract: A bisphenol monoester compound represented by the formula (1): (in the formula (1), Rs each represent independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R? represents an alkyl group of a carbon number of 1 to 6, or a hydrogen atom).

Abstract: Provided that a method for inexpensively producing optically active ?-ionone with a high yield and a high asymmetric yield and with good workability in a short process, and a perfume composition comprising the optically active ?-ionone obtained by the aforementioned method. A method for producing optically active ?-ionone, comprising allowing ?-ionone as a mixture of optical isomers to react with an esterification agent, and hydrolyzing the obtained ?-ionone enol ester; a method for producing optically active ?-ionone comprising subjecting ?-ionone as a mixture of optical isomers to an asymmetric reduction, allowing the obtained optically active ?-ionol to react with an esterification agent to give an optically active ?-ionol ester, hydrolyzing the obtained optically active ?-ionol ester after purification as necessary, and then oxidizing the obtained optically active ?-ionol; and a perfume composition comprising thus obtained optically active ?-ionone.

Abstract: Hexadecyl cis-9-tetradecenoate commonly known as Cetyl myristoleate (CMO) is being used for the treatment of osteoarthritis and other joint inflammatory diseases, cis-9-Tetradecenoic acid (cis-9-myristoleic acid) is the main precursor for the preparation of CMO. As there are limited natural plant sources for cis-9-tetradecenoic acid, the present invention aimed at the synthesis of cis-9-tetradecenoic acid methyl ester from oleic acid methyl ester. As oleic acid is not available in pure form, this has to be isolated from oleic acid-rich oils like olive oil. cis-10-Tetradecenoic acid methyl ester, an isomer of cis-9-tetradecenoic acid was also prepared from undecenoic acid methyl ester, a derivative of castor oil. Undecenoic acid is easily available commercially in pure form.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of unsaturated alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acids and/or their corresponding diesters, by reacting unsaturated carboxylic acids and/or their corresponding esters under the influence of specific ruthenium complex catalysts. The unsaturated alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acids and/or alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid diesters obtained by the method are useful as UV filters in cosmetic sun screen preparations.

Abstract: Provided that a method for inexpensively producing optically active ?-ionone with a high yield and a high asymmetric yield and with good workability in a short process, and a perfume composition comprising the optically active ?-ionone obtained by the aforementioned method. A method for producing optically active ?-ionone, comprising allowing ?-ionone as a mixture of optical isomers to react with an esterification agent, and hydrolyzing the obtained ?-ionone enol ester; a method for producing optically active ?-ionone comprising subjecting ?-ionone as a mixture of optical isomers to an asymmetric reduction, allowing the obtained optically active ?-ionol to react with an esterification agent to give an optically active ?-ionol ester, hydrolyzing the obtained optically active ?-ionol ester after purification as necessary, and then oxidizing the obtained optically active ?-ionol; and a perfume composition comprising thus obtained optically active ?-ionone.

Abstract: Ligand functionalized substrates, methods of making ligand functionalized substrates, and methods of using functionalized substrates are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for heterogeneously catalyzed partial gas phase oxidation of propylene to acrylic acid in the absence of propane as an inert diluent gas, in which, in the starting reaction gas mixture, cyclopropane is substantially avoided as an impurity and crude propylene is used additionally as a propylene source.

Abstract: A process for preparing (meth)acrylic esters (F) of hydroxy-functional aromas (A), in which at least one hydroxy-functional aroma (A) in the presence of at least one enzyme (E) is esterified with (meth)acrylic acid (S), or transesterified with at least one (meth)acrylic ester (D), the reaction in the case of the transesterification being effected in the absence of solvents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing allyl methacrylate, comprising the reaction of allyl alcohol with an ester of methacrylic acid, wherein the reaction is catalysed by zirconium acetylacetonate. The process according to the invention enables particularly favourable preparation of allyl methacrylate with a very high purity.

Abstract: Bromoacetoxycalcidiol (B3CD), which is structurally related to calcidiol, exhibits cytotoxic and apoptotic activity toward cancer cells, including highly aggressive neuroblastoma cells. A series of small molecules designed around the structure of B3CD is expected to have growth inhibitory and apoptogenic activities toward a wide range of malignancies. B3CD shows no apparent toxicity in vivo, indicating potential value as a chemotherapeutic agent which will be particularly useful in treating highly aggressive tumors.

Abstract: A curable composition for photoimprints, comprising a (meth)acrylate compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X represents a single bond or an aliphatic group; n and m indicate an integer of 1 or more, has a low viscosity and a high transfer patterning accuracy and gives a cured film excellent in scratch resistance and adhesiveness.

Abstract: Provided is a method capable of solving the problems associated with production of LVSA, which is a pheromone produced by female pest mealybugs, and is useful as an agrochemical pest, at an industrial large scale, and producing LVSA in a high yield. Specifically, the present invention provides a production method of 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-yl 3-methyl-2-butenoate, comprising reacting senecioic acid with a halogenating agent to give senecioic acid halide, reacting the obtained senecioic acid halide with 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-ol in the presence of an organic base compound and heat treating the obtained crude 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-yl 3-methyl-2-butenoate in the presence of a basic substance at 50-250° C.

Abstract: The invention provides hetero-functional compound compounds useful in a variety of adhesive applications. More particularly, the invention provides compounds bearing at least one electron rich olefinic bond and at least one electron poor olefinic bond, wherein the two olefinic bonds are separated by a C3 to about C500 aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic spacer.

Abstract: A (meth)acrylic ester compound represented by the general formula (1) and a dental material containing the compound, wherein, in the formula, R11 represents a divalent aromatic group; R12 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R13 represents an aryl group; R14 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and X11, represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. A polymerizable composition containing the (meth)acrylic ester compound and an optical part obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable composition are also provided. The cured composition can provide advantageous physical and optical properties.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-yl 3-methyl-2-butenoate industrially advantageously in a high yield. More particularly, the present invention provides a method of producing 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-yl 3-methyl-2-butenoate represented by the following formula (IV): which comprises reacting 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexen-1-ol with an organic sulfonyl halide in the presence of a basic substance to give a sulfonate compound represented by the following formula (III): wherein R is a hydrocarbon group, and reacting the obtained sulfonate compound with senecionic acid in the presence of a basic substance.

Abstract: Oncoproteins such as Ras and RhoB are known to induce cell division in an unrestrained manner when such proteins are localized at the inner surface of a cancer cell membrane. The localization is effected by the prenylation reaction, whereby a hydrophobic group (e.g. a farnesyl group) is attached to the protein in the presence of an enzyme (e.g. farnesyl protein transferase). Deactivation of the prenylation enzyme through covalent modification can therefore ultimately result in the mitigation and/or cessation of cancer cell growth. Various prenylation inhibitors having the necessary structural groups to bond covalently, or essentially irreversibly, to the prenylation enzyme include carbonyl or thiocarbonyl compounds (or masked versions of these compounds) and alpha oxo-epoxides bonded to a hydrophobic, substrate-mimicking group. The carbonyl or thiocarbonyl compounds also contain a nucleofugal atom or group to enhance the tendency to form covalent bonds.

Abstract: An energy-curable polymer-forming composition for making a pressure sensitive adhesive includes an unsaturated oligomer resin and an adhesive promoter which increases the peel strength of the adhesive without reducing its tack. The composition also includes a tackifier and various other optional components such as photoinitiator, chain extender, reactive diluent and the like.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a vinyl ether group-containing, (meth)acrylic ester, which has both radical polymerizability and cation polymerizability, improved in storage stability and stability in handling without impairing its polymerizability or, in other words, provide a stabilized vinyl ether group-containing (meth)acrylic ester. Another object is to provide a method of producing a stabilized vinyl ether group-containing (meth)acrylic ester composition. A further object is to provide a method of stably handing, a method of economically and stably producing and a method of purifying a vinyl ether group-containing (meth)acrylic ester.

Abstract: The present invention provides a crosslinker for organic coatings having an amino resin core with substituents including more than one olefin functional group, a silicon-containing group, and at least one alkoxyalkyl or alkylol group. Coating compositions containing the crosslinker can be cured with radiation, especially ultraviolet radiation. The crosslinker can be included in a coating composition with one or more curable resins, applied onto a substrate and cured to form the cured coating of the invention.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel ester compound and the use thereof as a sex attractant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a crosslinker for organic coatings having an amino resin core with substituents including more than one olefin functional group, a silicon-containing group, and at least one alkoxyalkyl or alkylol group. Coating compositions containing the crosslinker can be cured with radiation, especially ultraviolet radiation. The crosslinker can be included in a coating composition with one or more curable resins, applied onto a substrate and cured to form the cured coating of the invention.

Abstract: Novel diketoacid compounds of Formula I are provided which are useful as HIV integrase inhibitors and for the treatment of AIDS or ARC.

Abstract: In a process for preparing polyethylene waxes at from 200 to 350° C. and pressures in the range from 500 to 4 000 bar using molar mass regulators, a peroxide mixture comprising from 5 to 95% by weight of at least one cyclic peroxide of the formula I, where the radicals R are identical or different and are selected from among alkyl groups and aryl groups, is used as free radical initiator and a molar H2/ethylene ratio of from 1:2 000 to 1:40 000 is employed.

Abstract: The present invention concerns new organic silicon networks, their production process and use in silica-containing rubber compounds and vulcanizates manufactured from them.

Abstract: The present invention provides: an unsaturated carboxylate which has both an unsaturated group and a hydroxyl group, and is applicable to a wide range of crosslinking processes, and has moderate polymerizability, and has a novel specific structure; and a production process which enables to obtain this unsaturated carboxylate without causing the rearrangement of the carbon-carbon unsaturated bond of the raw unsaturated oxirane, and gives a high production ratio of unsaturated oxirane-1-mol adduct. A reaction of a specific unsaturated carboxylic acid with a specific unsaturated oxirane is carried out using at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of chromium compounds, manganese compounds, iron compounds, nickel compounds, zinc compounds, silver compounds, tin compounds, neodymium compounds, and lead compounds, thereby obtaining an unsaturated carboxylate of general formula (1).

Abstract: In a process for stabilizing chemical compounds having at least one ethylenically unsaturated bond to undesired free radical polymerization, a nitroxyl radical and a chemical compound containing phosphorus in chemically bonded form are added to the unsaturated compound present as pure substance or as a component of a mixture.

Abstract: A process for fluorinating a hydrocarbon substrate is by mixing it with an inert diluent and mixing the diluted substrate with a gaseous fluorinating reagent to form a foam reaction mixture. The fluorinating reagent reacts with the substrate in the form to foam product. The foam is separated into a liquid component which contains product and a gas component. Product is withdrawn from the liquid component which is then returned to the diluting step. Fluorinating reagent is fed into the gas component which is then recirculated to the mixing step. An installation for fluorinating a hydrocarbon substrate includes, in sequence as a circuit, a dilution stage, a mixing stage, a reaction stage and a separation stage. Liquid returning means feeds liquid from the separation stage to the dilution stage, and gas recirculation means feeds gas from the separation stage to the mixing stage.

Abstract: This invention relates to a monomer shown by the general formula [1] 1

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the esterification of unsaturated carboxylic acids with unsaturated alcohols, which is characterized in that esterification is performed in the presence of sterically hindered phenols and partially esterified phosphoric acids. The process according to the invention in particular avoids discoloration (blackening) of the resultant esterification products.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition comprising a mixture of a fumarate, maleate and 2-allyloxy-succinate esters falling within the area defined by points A, B, C, and D of a triangular chemical composition diagram (hereafter "TCCD") said points representing respectively the ranges of concentration of said maleate, fumarate and succinate in said composition, a process for preparing the same and the use thereof as a reactive diluent in a paint or coating formulation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel substance which promotes the production and secretion of mucin in ophthalmic tissues.The therapeutic agent for keratoconjunctiva diseases according to the present invention contains gefarnate as an active ingredient. This therapeutic agent for keratoconjunctiva diseases is applicable to dry eye, keratitis, conjunctivitis, corneal erosion, corneal ulcer, etc. The dosage form is preferably an ophthalmic solution. Concentration of gefarnate is, for example, 0.1-3% (w/v).

Abstract: A transesterification process for the preparation of (meth)acrylates wherein a (meth)acrylic acid ester is re-esterified in the presence of a re-esterification catalyst comprised of calcium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide in combination with lithium chloride.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which one of the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is methyl and the other is vinyl and one of the radicals R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is methyl and the other is ##STR2## in which R.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl, in particular C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, are particularly suitable as fragrances and flavors.

Abstract: The novel acrylic ester, allyl ether and allyl carbonate of the present invention are characterized by having the structures represented by the following general formulae (I) to (IV): The above acrylic ester, allyl ether and allyl carbonate are used as a starting monomer which forms a polymer matrix for use in a polymeric solid electrolyte. The novel polymer of the present invention comprises structural units derived from at least one compound selected from a group of the compounds represented by the above general formulae (I) to (IV). The polymeric solid electrolyte comprising the above novel polymer as a polymer matrix exhibits high ionic conductivity and is chemically stable.

Abstract: A pine root (Deutero mycetes) fungal metabolite and analogs thereof having antifungal activity.

Abstract: Wood preservative systems comprising (a) a biocidal effective amount of (i) at least one di C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl quaternary ammonium carboxylate having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl group; R.sup.3 is a substituted or unsubstituted, interrupted or uninterrupted C.sub.1 -C.sub.100 group; l and q independently are 1, 2 or 3 and (l) (q) is 1, 2, or 3; and n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 50; (ii) at least one di C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl quaternary ammonium borate having the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are defined as above, and a is 2 or 3, but when a is 2, b is 0 or 1, and when a is 3, b is 0, 1, or 2; or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii); and (b) a solvent are provided. These carboxylate quats as well as carboxylate quats wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or aryl-substituted alkyl group and R.sup.2 is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 alkyl group are preferably prepared by an indirect or a direct synthesis.