Abstract: A carbamate ester compound represented by the general formula: Z—OCONH(CH2)nNHCOO—Z??[I] wherein Z is [i], [ii], or [iii] below, and n is an integer of 2 to 10, (wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R3 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and a is 1 or 2). The carbamate ester compound is used as a vulcanizing agent for carboxyl group-containing acrylic rubber and improves the delay of the vulcanization rate by scorch suppression.

Abstract: Disclosed is a zinc-imidazole complex mixed catalyst. Also disclosed are a method for preparing the zinc-imidazole complex mixed catalyst and a method for producing a methyl N-phenyl carbamate in high yield with high selectivity in the presence of the catalyst. The zinc-imidazole complex mixed catalyst can be reused due to its high reaction stability. In addition, the use of the zinc-imidazole complex mixed catalyst leads to a marked improvement in the production yield of a methyl N-phenyl carbamate with high selectivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to using a two-step (thermolysis) or one-pot process to prepare aliphatic diisocyanates from aliphatic diamines and diaryl carbonates. Polyisocyanates can also be prepared from polyamines and diaryl carbonates. The present synthetic processes do not apply phosgene or highly toxic reagents and chloro-solvents during the entire procedure.

Abstract: A method of increasing the overall mass transfer rate of acid gas scrubbing solids is disclosed. Various catalyst compounds for that purpose are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for forming condensates and resin compositions are provided. In one embodiment, a condensate is formed from a reaction mixture including a triazine monomer, an arylhydroxy monomer, an aldehyde monomer and an acid catalyst having a pKa value of greater than 3.8. The condensates contain up to 28 wt. % of nitrogen and have a melt viscosity of 3,000 cps or less at 175° C. The condensates may have a solubility of at least 80 wt. % solids dissolved in an organic solvent for 120 hours or greater. Also disclosed are methods for the manufacture of the condensate as well as the condensate's use in fire-retardant epoxy resin compositions suitable for the manufacture of laminates for electronic applications. There is also disclosed a glycidylated triazine-arylhydroxy-aldehyde condensate of this invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved processes for the preparation of lacosamide. The invention also relates to a novel intermediate useful in the preparation of lacosamide. The invention also relates to process for the purification of lacosamide.

Abstract: The present invention provides diacylhydrazine ligands and chiral diacylhydrazine ligands for use with ecdysone receptor-based inducible gene expression systems. Thus, the present invention is useful for applications such as gene therapy, large scale production of proteins and antibodies, cell-based screening assays, functional genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and regulation of traits in transgenic organisms, where control of gene expression levels is desirable. An advantage of the present invention is that it provides a means to regulate gene expression and to tailor expression levels to suit the user's requirements.

Abstract: Method of producing glycerol that includes mixing a peroxide stream with an olefenic alcohol stream to form a feed stream; processing the feed stream in a high shear device to produce a high shear dispersion of peroxide and olefinic alcohol, wherein the high shear device is configured with a rotor and a stator separated by a shear gap; and contacting the high shear dispersion with a catalyst in a reactor to produce glycerol.

Abstract: Disclosed are linear discrete PEG constructs, which can be created and produced in a precise and reproducible way. Key to being able to do these things, where x in the discrete PEGx can vary from about 2 to about 64, is that the processes used to make each linear portion is controlled to give essentially one oligomer/one compound. Having a variable length linear discrete PEG construct that is (a) primarily an linear discrete PEG construct with diagnostic or therapeutic groups attached along a chain of attachment cores, which is attached to a preferential locator; (b) is an m-discrete PEG as the terminal construct on the linear portion, and “hidden”; (c or linear discrete PEG with a terminus group that can be either negatively or positively charged, or neutral; and any of the discrete PEG portions can be designed to be cleaved after entering the cell.

Abstract: A method for producing carbamate including a urea production step; a carbamate-forming step; an ammonia separation step of absorbing the gas with water in the presence of carbonate to produce a gas absorption water, and separating ammonia; an aqueous alcohol solution separation step of separating an aqueous alcohol solution from the gas absorption water; an ammonia/carbon dioxide separation step of separating carbon dioxide gas from the aqueous ammonia solution in the gas absorption water from which the aqueous alcohol solution is separated; an aqueous ammonia solution reusing step of mixing the aqueous ammonia solution and carbonate with the water to be used for production of the gas absorption water.

Abstract: This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula One”): and processes related thereto.

Abstract: The content of the invention is a process for preparing urethanes by reaction of aromatic amines with a dialkyl carbonate, wherein the alkyl radical of the organic dialkyl carbonate comprises 4-18 carbon atoms and is branched in the 2 position, and the reaction is performed in the presence of a substoichiometric amount of base, based on the amino groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved processes for the preparation of lacosamide. The invention also relates to a novel intermediate useful in the preparation of lacosamide. The invention also relates to process for the purification of lacosamide.

Abstract: Non-fluorinated blocked polyurethanes are described as extenders and, particularly as textile auxiliaries, for use with fluorochemical polymers in treating substrates, for example fibrous substrates, such as textile fabrics or yarns. The polyurethane is prepared by reacting a polyisocyanate, a blocking agent, and a non-fluorinated isocyanate reactive compound having an average alkyl chain length of 24 to 50 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Catalysts, which are free of tin, are described which are useful in the reaction between an isocyanate and an alcohol, which is a key step for preparing polyurethane polymers. The catalyst is a metal complex or salt of formula (1): [Zn(L1)l1(L2)l2(Y)x]??(1) in which: l1?1 and l2=0 or 1; with l1+l2=2, x=1 or 2, the symbol L1 represents a ligand which is a ?-dicarbonylato anion or the enolate anion of a ?-dicarbonyl compound or an acetylacetato anion derived from a ?-ketoester, when l1=2, the symbols L1 are identical or different, the symbol L2 represents an anionic ligand which is different from L1, and the symbol Y represents a neutral ligand; where the metal complex or salt C of formula (1) is not zinc diacetylacetonate.

Abstract: A method to form a urethane material, the method comprises blending and reacting at least one isocyanate, at least one isocyanate reactive compound and a metallized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane to provide said urethane material, the metallized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane is a dimeric structure with general formula wherein M represents a metal providing a 6-coordinated metal center, x and y being 1, R1O and R2O represent an alkoxide bridging the 6-coordinated metal centers, R3OH and R4OH represent an alcohol ligand and each of R5, to R18 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl-, polyether- and polyester ligands.

Abstract: Methods of catalyzing chemical reactions are provided. A tri-substituted phosphine having at least one substituent that is an alkyl group is added as a catalyst to reaction mixtures. Reaction mixtures contain uretdiones, anhydrides, or isocyanate functional materials including isocyanurates, in various combinations with hydroxyl, thiol, and/or amine functional materials. Curable compositions comprising these catalysts and reaction mixtures are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of carbamates in a single reactor (one-pot) using solid catalysts, involving the reaction between at least one nitro compound, an organic carbonate of formula (OR)(OR?)C?O, a gas selected from hydrogen gas and a mixture of gases containing hydrogen and hydrogen precursor compounds, and a catalyst that has at least one metallic oxide and can also contain an element of groups 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the periodical table. The carbonates obtained can be transformed into their corresponding isocyanates.

Abstract: Carbamate preparation process comprising, the reaction between at least: an amine or polyamines, an organic carbonate of formula (OR)(OR?)C?O, a catalyst which is formed by at least a support selected from at least a metal oxide, a microporous material, a mesoporous material, an anionic laminar compound of hydrotalcite type or their derivatives or an organic polymer and which may further contain a metal from groups 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the periodical system. The carbonates obtained can be transformed in their corresponding isocyanates.

Abstract: Method of producing glycerol that includes mixing a peroxide stream with an olefenic alcohol stream to form a feed stream; processing the feed stream in a high shear device to produce a high shear dispersion of peroxide and olefinic alcohol, wherein the high shear device is configured with a rotor and a stator separated by a shear gap; and contacting the high shear dispersion with a catalyst in a reactor to produce glycerol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cellulose acetate film for optical compensation and a retardation enhancer used therein, and relates to a cellulose acetate film which has a high retardation value in the thickness direction (Rth).

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds and methods to carry out organocatalytic Michael additions of aldehydes to nitroethylene catalyzed by a proline derivative to provide ?-substituted-?-nitroaldehydes. The reaction can be rendered enantioselective when a chiral pyrrolidine catalyst is used, allowing for Michael adducts in nearly optically pure form (e.g., 96-99% e.e.). The Michael adducts can bear a single substituent or dual substituents adjacent to the carbonyl. The Michael adducts can be efficiently converted to protected ?2-amino acids, which are essential for systematic conformational studies of ?-peptide foldamers.

Abstract: The present invention provides choline alfoscerate-containing pharmaceutical preparations which have improved storage-stability and are easily taken. The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing pharmaceutical preparations comprising choline alfoscerate, which is easy and simple and is performed by normal manufacturing equipments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing chiral amino acids with excellent enantiomeric excesses.

Abstract: Provided is a compound of the following formula (I) for preparing 4-(10B)borono-L-phenylalnine: wherein R group represents a protecting group and is selected from the group consisting of: tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) group, trityl (Trt) group, 3,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropoxycarbonyl(Ddz) group, 2-(4-Biphenyl)isopropoxycarbonyl (Bpoc) group, and 2-nitrophenylsulfenyl (Nps) group, and the compound has a 10B purity higher than or equal to 98% and an enantiomeric excess higher than or equal to 99%.

Abstract: Prepolymers are prepared by a reaction of a polyisocyanate and a hydroxylmethyl containing polyester polyol derived from a fatty acid. The prepolymers can be prepared having isocyanate, hydroxyl, or a variety of other reactive functional groups. The prepolymers are useful in making polyurethanes and other polymers, or a crosslinking agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing urethanes or ureas or mixtures of urethanes and ureas by oxidative carbonylation of organic amines in the presence of carbon monoxide, oxygen and a catalyst, where the catalyst used is a transition metal complex containing the structural feature: [Mn+(O˜N˜O)2?](n-2)+(L)m(Z?)n-2 and the method is carried out under halogen-free reaction conditions. The invention further relates to transition metal complexes containing said structural feature and also to the use of such transition metal complexes as catalysts in the production of urethanes or ureas or mixtures of urethanes and ureas.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing single enantiomers of beta-amino phenylbutyric acid derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which affords the desired compounds having special optical configuration. The process comprises a step of chemical synthesis and a step of resolving the optical isomers of beta-amino phenylbutyric acid derivatives with a resolving agent. The resolving step comprises reacting the optical isomers with resolving agents, such as di-para-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid and di-para-toluoyl-D-tartaric acid. The obtained R-beta-amino phenylbutyric acid derivatives (I) have high optical purity, and the total yield of the accumulative resolution of the laevo and the dextro isomer is up to above 70%.

Abstract: C1-C6Alkyloxy- or benzyloxy-carbonyl esters of -{3-[(E)-(1-phenyl or naphthyl C1-C4alkyl)-imino]-propyl}-amino)-acetic acid, which are intermediates for producing known bridged monobactam compounds useful in the treatment of bacterial infections.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing an amide compound having an excellent harmful arthropod-controlling activity and represented by the formula (3): wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently represent a C1-C6 alkyl group optionally substituted with at least one halogen atom etc., R4, R5, R6 and R7 independently represent a halogen atom etc.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a medicament and method for treating lissencephaly patients. The present invention provides a lissencephaly therapeutic or preventive agent comprising a compound represented by the general formula (I): wherein R1 is lower alkyl substituted with lower alkoxy, lower alkyl substituted with a heterocyclic group, a heterocyclic group, or a group represented by the formula (IIa): wherein R4 is lower alkyl, R5 is lower alkylene, and m is an integer of 1 to 6; R2 is lower alkyl optionally substituted with phenyl; and R3 is lower alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, lower alkoxy, or phenyl; condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon; or hydrogen.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for preparing aromatic carbamates which comprises the reaction of an aromatic amine with an organic carbonate in the presence of a catalyst characterized in that Zn4O(OAc)6 is used as catalyst.

Abstract: The problem to be solved is to produce, at high yields with high purity, anhydrous crystals of a compound represented by formula (1) that is an important intermediate for preparation of FXa inhibitor compound (X) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate thereof. The solution thereto is an industrial preparation process that provides, with high purity, anhydrous crystals of a compound represented by the following formula (1), which is an intermediate for the production of FXa inhibitor compound (X) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate thereof, wherein Boc represents a tert-butoxycarbonyl group.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing dabigatran etexilate, as well as analogous compounds of formula 7, is described.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of piperazine compounds of formula (I) or the agriculturally useful salts of piperazine compounds of formula (I) as herbicides, the variables in formula (I) being defined as cited in the claims and the description.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel catalyst for producing N-substituted carbamates, the preparation of the catalyst and an improved method for producing N-substituted carbamates from these novel catalysts. The active component of the catalyst is a heteropoly acid and the catalyst support comprises a metal oxide or a metalloid oxide. The catalyst can be used to promote the reaction of carbamate and amine, thereby generating N-substituted carbamates with high yield. In the presence of the catalyst, the reaction conditions are relatively mild, the catalytic activity and selectivity of the reaction are high, and the reaction time is relatively short. Furthermore, the catalyst can be conveniently separated from the reaction system and recycled. therefore, the catalyst can be used to facilitate the further scale-up test and commercial application.

Abstract: The invention comprises compounds which are derived from a drug or a substance with therapeutic properties, and useful as reagents for the synthesis of biostable polymers including said drug in their backbone, namely polyurethanes, polyureas or polyurea urethanes that are biocompatible and biostable. The invention also comprises the processes for preparing the compounds and the polymers, and to the use of these polymers for the manufacture of medical devices.

Abstract: The present invention refers to the compounds corresponding to the following general formula (I): wherein: R?C4-C8 alkanoyl; and X?NH—R1 where R1?H, or an amine protecting group; and/or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Preferred compounds according to the present invention are represented by the following formula (Ia): wherein: R?C4-C8 alkanoyl; and/or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. In a preferred embodiment, an object of the present invention is to provide 5-amino-2-(butyryloxy)benzoic acid and/or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, preferably hydrochloride salt. A further object of the present invention is represented by the use of the compounds of formula (Ia), in particular 5-amino-2-(butyryloxy)benzoic acid and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, as a medicament and by the use thereof for the treatment of intestinal inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds and methods to carry out organocatalytic Michael additions of aldehydes to nitroethylene catalyzed by a proline derivative to provide ?-substituted-?-nitroaldehydes. The reaction can be rendered enantioselective when a chiral pyrrolidine catalyst is used, allowing for Michael adducts in nearly optically pure form (e.g., 96-99% e.e.). The Michael adducts can bear a single substituent or dual substituents adjacent to the carbonyl. The Michael adducts can be efficiently converted to protected ?2-amino acids, which are essential for systematic conformational studies of ?-peptide foldamers.

Abstract: A cyclotriphosphazene represented by Formula 1 prepared by introducing a dendritic tetrapeptide and a hydrophilic polyethylene glycol into a cyclotriphosphazene ring, a method of preparing the same, and a drug carrier including the cyclotriphosphazene of Formula 1. The compound according to the present invention may form a strong molecular hydrogel in a very low concentration of 2 w/w % or less. Furthermore, the hydrogel prepared using the compound of Formula 1 exhibits biodegradability, thermosensitivity at around body temperature, biocompatibility with protein drugs, and an easy way to prepare along with a sustained release property without any burst effect in the early stage of release. Therefore, the present cyclotriphosphazene molecular hydrogel may be efficiently used as a drug carrier for a sustained release of a drug, particularly, a protein drug.

Abstract: Provided is an enantioselective, palladium-catalyzed method for the preparation of ?-amino-?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives having the formulas II, III, VII and VIII:

Abstract: A method to form a urethane material, the method comprises blending and reacting at least one isocyanate, at least one isocyanate reactive compound and a metallized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane to provide said urethane material, the metallized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane is a dimeric structure with general formula wherein M represents a metal providing a 6-coordinated metal center, x and y being 1, R1O and R2O represent an alkoxide bridging the 6-coordinated metal centers, R3OH and R4OH represent an alcohol ligand and each of R5, to R18 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl-, polyether- and polyester ligands.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to polymers and macromolecules, in particular, to polymers useful in particles such as nanoparticles. One aspect of the invention is directed to a method of developing nanoparticles with desired properties. In one set of embodiments, the method includes producing libraries of nanoparticles having highly controlled properties, which can be formed by mixing together two or more macromolecules in different ratios. One or more of the macromolecules may be a polymeric conjugate of a moiety to a biocompatible polymer. In some cases, the nanoparticle may contain a drug. Other aspects of the invention are directed to methods using nanoparticle libraries.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a composition of a covalent conjugate of a GABA analog with a drug. In another aspect, the present invention provides methods for treating pain and neurological disorders using the conjugates of GABA analogs.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved processes for the preparation of lacosamide. The invention also relates to a novel intermediate useful in the preparation of lacosamide. The invention also relates to process for the purification of lacosamide.

Abstract: The content of the invention is a process for preparing urethanes by reaction of aromatic amines with a dialkyl carbonate, wherein the alkyl radical of the organic dialkyl carbonate comprises 4-18 carbon atoms and is branched in the 2 position, and the reaction is performed in the presence of a substoichiometric amount of base, based on the amino groups.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods of making and methods of using peptidomimetics compositions that mimic ?-helical BH3 sequences in cells. The peptidomimetics can be used to mimic ?-helical BH3 sequences and kill cancer cells.

Abstract: Urethane acrylates of the general Formula (I), corresponding salts, solvates or solvates of a salt thereof: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 each independently represent a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, C1-6-alkyls, trifluoromethyl, C1-6-alkylthios, C1-6-alkylselenos, C1-6-alkyltelluros, and nitro groups, with the proviso that at least one of R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 is not hydrogen; R6 and R7 each independently represent a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C1-6-alkyls; and A represents a saturated or unsaturated or linear or branched C1-6-alkyl radical or a polyalkylene oxide radical having 2-6 ethylene oxide or propylene oxide units; processes for producing and methods of using the same.

Abstract: A method of providing a patient with controlled release of a phenolic opioid using a prodrug capable, upon enzymatic activation, of releasing the phenolic opioid through intra-molecular cyclization leading to formation of a cyclic urea, carbamate or thiocarbamate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain ester and nitrile derivatives of formula (I): wherein one dotted line represents a carbon-carbon single or double bond and the other dotted lines each represent a carbon-carbon single bond; R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R2 is a methyl or ethyl group, R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group or said R4 taken together with the bond between carbon atom 2 and 3 form a cyclopropane; and X represents a CN or a COOR5 group, R5 representing a C1-5 alkyl group; with the compound being in the form of any one of its pure stereoisomers or mixtures thereof. These compounds are useful perfuming ingredients.