Abstract: Amphiphilic oligo(p-phenylene vinylene) compounds and methods of use en route to self-assembled composites and device fabrication.

Abstract: A process for preparing tolterodine with high purity.

Abstract: The present invention provides new amyloidogenesis inhibiting compounds of formula (I): in which R1 is a —NRaRb group, where Ra and Rb, independently, are a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group; —ORC group, where RC is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group; a glycosyl; a C1-C6 polyhydroxyalkyl; or a —NH—CH(Rd)—COORe group, where Rd is a side chain of one of the 20 natural alpha-amino acids in either of their two enantiomerically pure forms L or D, and Re is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group; and R2 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a glycosyl; a C1-C6 polyhydroxyalkyl; —C(?O)—Rf group, where Rf is a C1-C6 alkyl group; or a —CH2—COO—Rg group, where Rg is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, among others.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides a process for the preparation of compounds of Formula I wherein R1 is —CN, —OP, alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; wherein P represents any suitable protecting group; and R2 is alkyl or aryl; by reacting a compound of Formula II wherein R1 is —CN, —OP, alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; wherein P represents any suitable protecting group; and R2 is alkyl or aryl; with a reducing agent (e.g. sodium borohydride) in the presence of a metal halid (e.g. CeCl3) or a metal alkoxid (e.g. Ti(OiPr)4).

Abstract: A NF-?B inhibitor represented by the following formula (I) is provided: ?

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds of formula (I) wherein A1, A2, Ar, R5, R6, R8, M, Q, Y, Z, k, m and n are as defined in the specification. These compounds are useful in the treatment and/or prevention of conditions mediated by nuclear receptors, in particular the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR). Such conditions include diabetes and obesity.

Abstract: Provided are polyimide and a thin film thereof which have a three-dimensional structure and therefore are excellent in a mechanical strength and a heat resistance as compared with those of conventional linear polyimide. The polyimide is obtained from a salt of multifunctional amine represented by Formula (1): (wherein A represents a tetravalent organic group, and n represents an integer of 0 to 3) and tetracarboxylic diester represented by Formula (2): (wherein B represents a tetravalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and R1 and R2 each represent independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms).

Abstract: An NF-?B inhibitor having as an active ingredient a benzoquinone derivative represented by the general formula (1) wherein R1, R2, and R3 are each independently H, alkyl having 1 to 5 carbons, or alkoxy having 1 to 5 carbons; R4 is H, hydroxymethyl, alkyl, or carboxyl which is optionally esterified or amidated; Z is represented by the formula (A); and, n is an integer from 0 to 6, or its hydroquinone form or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of the formula: wherein R1 is C1-C6alkyl and the C1-C6alkyl moiety is straight or branched.

Abstract: A ferulic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1); a process for preparing a ferulic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1), comprising reacting ferulic acid or an ester thereof represented by the general formula (2) with a dihalomethane represented by the general formula CH2X2, wherein X is a halogen atom; and an ultraviolet light-absorbent composition comprising the ferulic acid derivative. Since the ultraviolet light absorbent composition is not only excellent in the ultraviolet light absorption but also very stable against heat, the ultraviolet light absorbent composition can be suitably used as cosmetics which especially require long-term stability.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel diphenylmethane derivatives, processes for their preparation and their use in medicaments, in particular for the indications of arteriosclerosis and hypercholesterolaemia.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to linear compounds in the form of oligomers or polymers containing unsubstituted or substituted phenol units and unsubstituted or substituted salicylic acid units. These compounds are useful as additives for lubricants and fuels. Metal salts of these compounds are useful as lubricant additives. A process for making these compounds is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides substituted 3,3-diphenyl indanone, indane and indole compounds, as well as analogues thereof, which are specific, potent and safe inhibitors of mammalian cell proliferation. The compounds can be used to inhibit mammalian cell proliferation in situ as a therapeutic approach towards the treatment or prevention of diseases characterized by abnormal cell proliferation, such as cancer.

Abstract: A method for prevention or treating myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment a NF-&kgr;B inhibitor in a therapeutically effective amount, wherein said NF-&kgr;B inhibitor is a benzoquinone derivative represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbons or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbons; R4 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxymethyl group, an alkyl group, or a carboxyl group which is optionally esterified or amidated; Z is and n is an integer from 0 to 6, or its hydroquinone form, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the enantioselective preparation of glycide ester (I) by (a) dihydroxylation of a corresponding 3-phenyl cinnamate (II) by osmium (VIII) oxide catalysis in the presence of a Sharpless ligand and an oxidizing agent to form the dihydroxy ester (III), (b) selective conversion of the hydroxy function in position 2 of the dihydroxy ester (III) to a leaving group, (c) intramolecular substitution of the leaving group through the hydroxy function in position 3 to form the glycide ester (I), in which R1 denotes C1-C10 alkyl, aryl, or arylalkyl, which may be substituted, R2 denotes C1-C10 alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, halogen, C1-C10 alkoxy, acyloxy, or amide, which may be substituted, and n is 0 to 5.

Abstract: Novel unsaturated esters for use in dentistry as bonding agents are produced by a reaction of a cyclic dianhydride with unsaturated alcohols. The novel unsaturated ester products have the formula: wherein R2 is H or CH3.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel tert-butyl 4,4-bis(4′-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoate derivatives represented by the following general formula (I); wherein R1 represents a protective group which can be readily eliminated under an acidic condition, and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxy group: and high energy radiation-responsive positive resist materials using said novel derivatives as dissolution inhibitors.

Abstract: Free perfluorosulfonylmethide compounds and metal salts thereof show strong catalytic activity in carbon-carbon bond formation reactions, in amounts as low as 0.1 mole %. Fluorous media may be used, especially biphasic fluorous media enabling ready recycling of the catalyst. The formula thereof is: M[C(SO2R1)3−(m+q)(SO2R2)m(SO2R3)q]x where M is H, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Zr, Hf, Th, Nb, Ta, U, Bi, Al, Ga, In or Tl, x is the common oxidation state of a said metal M, R1, R2 and R3 are perfluorinated or polyfluoronated hydrocarbon, ether or amine moieties or mixtures thereof and m+q=0, 1, 2 or 3 (m and q being zero or integers).

Abstract: A process for preparing 2-hydroxycarboxylic esters having a quaternary &bgr;-carbon atom by reaction of glycidyl esters with an organoaluminum reagent is described.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to linear compounds in the form of oligomers or polymers containing unsubstituted or substituted phenol units and unsubstituted or substituted salicylic acid units. These compounds are useful as additives for lubricants and fuels. Metal salts of these compounds are useful as lubricant additives. The process for making these compounds involves reacting phenol units and salicylic acid units in an organic solvent.

Abstract: Alkenyldiarylmethane (ADAM) compounds have been found effective as anti-HIV agents. Novel ADAM compounds, their pharmaceutical formulations and a method of using same to treat viral infections are described.

Abstract: New esters derived from substituted phenyl-cyclohexyl compounds, which are derived from Tramadol, process for obtaining them and their use for preparing a drug with analgesic properties. These new compounds of general formula (I) have a higher analgesic activity, a lower toxicity and a longer effective time period than Tramadol.

Abstract: A method of imparting a water repellent surface to a hydrophilic substrate which comprises contacting the substrate with a solution or dispersion of a suitable calixarene in a liquid medium.

Abstract: Novel dephenylethylene compounds that are administered orally to decrease circulating concentrations of glucose are provided. The effect on insulin resistant rats is also shown. The effects on lipid and leptin concentrations are also shown. The compounds are orally effective anti-diabetic agents that may normalize glucose and lipid metabolism in subjects with diabetes.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of citalopram is described comprising reduction of the oxo group of a compound of formula (IV), wherein R1 is CN, C1-6 alkyloxycarbonyl or C1-6 alkylaminocarbonyl, ring closure of the resulting hydroxy compound thereby obtaining the corresponding 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran, then if R1 is cyano using it directly in the next step and if R1 is C1-6 alkyloxycarbonyl or C1-6 alkylaminocarbonyl, conversion of the compound to the corresponding compound wherein R1 is a cyano; and alkylation of the resulting 5-cyano compound with 3-dimethyl-aminopropylhalogenide in basic conditions thereby obtaining citalopram.

Abstract: A series of phloroglucide derivatives are synthesized, which possess potent antibacterial activities. They include unsymmetrical phloroglucide analogs, phloroglucides attached to cephalosporins at the C-3′ position, and 7-(phloroglucidamido)cephalosporins.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula where the symbols have the meaning defined in the specification, have retinoid, retinois antagonist or retinoid inverse agonist type biological activity.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula where the symbols have the meaning defined in the specification, have retinoid, retinois antagonist or retinoid inverse agonist type biological activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to smooth muscle spasmolytic agents, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and method of using said compounds and compositions for the treatment of urinary incontinence, gastric hyperactivity (ex. Irritable Bowel Syndrome) and other smooth muscle contractile conditions. More particularly, the present invention relates to certain substituted esters, amides and ketones having smooth muscle relaxing properties while avoiding, on administration to a mammal, adverse side effects such as prominent antimuscarinic, arrhythmogenic and cardiodepressive effects.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of optically active cyclohexylphenylglycolate esters is described. The process utilizes carboxylic acid activation to couple (R)- or (S)-cyclohexylphenylglycolic acid (CHPGA) with 4-N,N-diethylamino butynol or other propargyl alcohol derivatives. The preparation of the hydrochloride salt is also described. In addition, a resolution process employing tyrosine methyl ester enantiomers for preparing a single enantiomer of CHPGA from racemic CHPGA is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides substituted 3,3-diphenyl indanone, indane and indole compounds, as well as analogues thereof, which are specific, potent and safe inhibitors of mammalian cell proliferation. The compounds can be used to inhibit mammalian cell proliferation in situ as a therapeutic approach towards the treatment or prevention of diseases characterized by abnormal cell proliferation, such as cancer.

Abstract: A phloroglucide derivative having the following formula: ##STR1## wherein Q is halogen; X is CH.sub.2 or C.dbd.O; Y is cephalosporin having a formula of ##STR2## wherein Ph is phenyl, Ac is acetoxy, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and an antibacterial pharmaceutical composition derived thereof.

Abstract: Thyroid hormone analogues are disclosed. Methods of using such analogues and pharmaceutical compositions containing them are also disclosed, as are novel procedures for their preparation.

Abstract: The invention concerns bi-aromatic compounds of formula (I) in which Ar represents (a), Z being O or S, R.sub.1 is --CH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 --O--R.sub.6, --OR.sub.6 or --COR.sub.7 ; R.sub.2 is --OR.sub.8, --SR.sub.8 or a polyether radical if in the latter case R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl and is in ortho or meta position relative to X--Ar; R.sub.3 is alkyl or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together form a cycle optionally interrupted by O or S; R.sub.4 is aryl radical; R.sub.5 is H, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or --OR.sub.8 ; R.sub.6 is H, alkyl or --COR.sub.9 ; R.sub.7 is H, alkyl, --N(r')(r") or --OR.sub.10 ; R.sub.8 is H, alkyl or --COR.sub.9 ; R.sub.9 is alkyl; R.sub.10 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, alkenyl, monohydroxyalkyl or polyhydroxyalkyl, aryl or aralkyl or a sugar residue, r' and r" are H, alkyl mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl, aryl, an amino acid or sugar residue or together form a heterocycle, X represents a radical of formula (d) or (e) in which R.sub.11 is H or --OR.sub.6 ; R.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted acrylic acids, to methods for their preparation, compositions containing them, and their use for treatment of human and animal disorders, to their use for purification of proteins or glycoproteins, and to their use in diagnosis. The invention also relates to modulation of the activity of molecules with phospho-tyrosine recognition units, including protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) and proteins with Src-homology-2 domains, in in vitro systems, microorganisms, eukaryotic cells, whole animals and human beings.

Abstract: The present invention provides substituted 3,3-diphenyl indanone, indane and indole compounds, as well as analogues thereof, which are specific, potent and safe inhibitors of mammalian cell proliferation. The compounds can be used to inhibit mammalian cell proliferation in situ as a therapeutic approach towards the treatment or prevention of diseases characterized by abnormal cell proliferation, such as cancer.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## where the symbols have the meaning defined in the specification, have retinoid, retinois antagonist or retinoid inverse agonist type biological activity.

Abstract: A universal linker for solid-phase nucleic acid synthesis that is cleaved under conditions orthogonal to those used during the synthesis and deprotection of nucleic acids such as dsDNA or RNA fragments is disclosed. The invention includes compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of OH, OR.sub.2 and an amino functionalized support and n is an integer ranging from about 1 to about 1000 or more preferably from about 1 to about 100 or greater and R.sub.2 is an alkyl (C.sub.1-20) or greater.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulaY.sub.3 (R.sub.4)--X--Y.sub.1 (R.sub.1 R.sub.2)--Z--Y.sub.2 (R.sub.2)--A--Bwhere the symbols have the meaning defined in the specification, have retinoid, retinoid antagonist or retinoid inverse agonist type biological activity.

Abstract: Selective thyroid hormone agonists are disclosed that are highly selective for the TR.beta. subtype with high binding affinity. Methods of using such agonists and pharmaceutical compositions containing them are also disclosed, as are novel procedures for their preparation.

Abstract: Novel bisphenol carboxylic acid tertiary ester derivatives having two aromatic ether groups and an ester group which are all replaced by acid labile groups are provided. The derivatives are used as a dissolution inhibitor in a chemically amplified positive resist composition comprising an organic solvent, an alkali soluble resin, and a photo-acid generator. Since the dissolution inhibitor has a highly reactive acetal group as an acid labile group, its coupling-off rapidly takes place after exposure. The dissolution inhibitor itself is less alkali soluble and its acid decomposition product is a phenol derivative having a carboxylic acid group with high alkali solubility, leading to a high dissolution contrast.

Abstract: A process is described for producing acetals comprising reacting an aldehyde or a ketone with an alcohol in the presence of a titanium compound having an acetylacetone as a ligand, or in the presence of a compound selected from the group consisting of stannous chloride dihydrate, cerium chloride hexahydrate and bismuth chloride. The process can be used in the synthesis of unstable acetals or when water exists in the reaction mixture, and therefore the process can be used for a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: The reaction product of a hydroxyaromatic compound, at least some of the units of which are hydrocarbyl-substituted, a carboxy-substituted aldehyde, and an aldehyde other than a carboxy-substituted aldehyde, provides an additive for lubricants as well as an intermediate for further reaction with amines, alcohols, or neutralization to form a salt.

Abstract: Novel polycyanate compositions containing one or more mesogenic moieties as lateral substituents are disclosed which provide improved processability relative to polycyanates containing one or more mesogenic moieties in the main chain of the molecule. Molecular level ordering of the resulting thermosets is maintained much similar to that found thermosets of polycyanates which have one or more mesogenic moieties in the main chain.

Abstract: New chromoionophores of the formula IV ##STR1## wherein a=0-3, b=0 or 1, c =0 or 1, x=0 or 1, y=0 or 1, z=0 or 1,R', which may be the same or different in each aryl group, is H, halogen, hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl or a substituted derivative thereof;R, which may be the same or different, is hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl, or a substituted derivative thereofare useful in optical sensors or colourmetric reagents for clinical use particularly for lithium, When complexed with lithium, the chromoionophores of the invention and other calixarene derivatives can be used for detecting amines, particularly trimethylamine, as an indicator of fish spoilage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the new thielocin derivatives, which exhibit phospholipase A.sub.2 inhibitory activity of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, and R.sup.8 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, hydroxy, or halogen;E.sub.1 and E.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, or an ester residue;m and n are independently an integer of 0 to 4;--Y-- is a bivalent group which is selected from the group consisiting of the following radicals: ##STR2## or the salts thereof.

Abstract: A photostable cosmetic screening composition and process for protection of the human epidermis against UV rays of wavelengths between 280 and 380 nm, the composition having, in a cosmetically acceptable vehicle containing at least one fatty phase, 1 to 5% by weight of a dibenzoylmethane derivative and at least 1% by weight of an alkyl .beta.-.beta.-diphenylacrylate or .alpha.-cyano-.beta.-.beta.-diphenylacrylate of formula (I), the mole ratio of the compound of formula (I) to the dibenzoylmethane derivative being not less than 0.8.

Abstract: A photostable cosmetic screening composition and process for protection of the human epidermis against UV rays of wavelengths between 280 and 380 nm, the composition having, in a cosmetically acceptable vehicle containing at least one fatty phase, 1 to 5% by weight of a dibenzoylmethane derivative and at least 1% by weight of an alkyl .beta.-.beta.-diphenylacrylate or .alpha.-cyano-.beta.-.beta.-diphenylacrylate of formula (I), the mole ratio of the compound of formula (I) to the dibenzoylmethane derivative being not less than 0.8.

Abstract: This invention relates to a retinoid mpound of formula I ##STR1## in which Y is --CO--NH--, --CR.sup.2 .dbd.CR.sup.3 --, --CO--O--, --O--CO--, --C(.dbd.S)--NH--, --C.tbd.C--, --O--CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 --O--, or --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --;A is --(CH.sub.2).sub.t -- or a bond;Q is phenyl optionally substituted with one to three same or different C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, halogen, or --CO.sub.2 R.sup.4 ;R.sup.1 is --CO.sub.2 Z, --CONHR.sup.5, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, --CH.sub.2 OH, or --CHO;R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and Z are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl;t is one to six.

Abstract: New substituted phenoxyisobutyric acids and esters that can be used as medicaments and correspond to the formula: ##STR1## wherein X, A, R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and Z are as defined in the description.Those compounds and their physiologically tolerable salts can be used therapeutically.