Abstract: The invention describes nematic compositions for electrooptical devices for modulation of the transmitted or incident light and for the rendition of numbers, symbols and images as orientation in the spectroscopy and gas chromatography.

Abstract: Prostaglandin analogs are disclosed that have the .alpha.-chain terminating with the group --CH(OR')OR" wherein R' and R" are the same or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkanoyl or optionally substituted benzoyl, the substituents selected from the group C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxy, halo and trifluoromethyl. These compounds are useful as hypotensive agents, gastric secretory and platelet aggregation enhibitors and bronchodilators.

Abstract: Prostaglandin analogs are disclosed that have the .alpha.-chain terminating with the group --CH(OR')OR" wherein R' and R" are the same or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkanoyl or optionally substituted benzoyl, the substituents selected from the group C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxy, halo and trifluoromethyl. These compounds are useful as hypotensive agents, gastric secretory and platelet aggregation inhibitors and bronchodilators.

Abstract: 2,3-Dichloro-7-hydroxy-1H-inden-1-one derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or one of the groups ##STR2## R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently of one another are each hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, trifluoromethyl or nitro,R.sub.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, or R.sub.4 is phenyl which is unsubstituted or is substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, halogen, trifluoromethyl, cyano or nitro, or it is a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl group, andR.sub.5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl.These compounds exhibit a microbicidal action against in particular phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria.

Abstract: Prostaglandin analogs are disclosed that have the .alpha.-chain terminating with the group --CH(OR')OR" wherein R' and R" are the same or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkanoyl or optionally substituted benzoyl, the substituents selected from the group C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxy, halo and trifluoromethyl. These compounds are useful as hypotensive agents, gastric secretory and platelet aggregation enhibitors and bronchodilators.

Abstract: Prostaglandin analogs are disclosed that have the .alpha.-chain terminating with the group --CH(OR')OR" wherein R' and R" are the same or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkanoyl or optionally substituted benzoyl, the substituents selected from the group C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxy, halo and trifluoromethyl. These compounds are useful as hypotensive agents, gastric secretory and platelet aggregation enhibitors and bronchodilators.

Abstract: The Ullman reaction for the preparation of diaryl ethers by coupling aryl halides with metal phenolates is conducted in the presence of at least one tertiary amine sequestering agent having the formula:N--CHR.sub.1 --CHR.sub.2 --O--CHR.sub.3 --CHR.sub.4 --O--.sub.n R.sub.5 ].sub.

Abstract: Prostaglandin analogs are disclosed that have the .alpha.-chain terminating with the group --CH(OR')OR" wherein R' and R" are the same or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkanoyl or optionally substituted benzoyl, the substituents selected from the group C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxy, halo and trifluoromethyl. These compounds are useful as hypotensive agents, gastric secretory and platelet aggregation enhibitors and bronchodilators.

Abstract: Prostaglandin analogs are disclosed that have the .alpha.-chain terminating with the group --CH(OR')OR" wherein R' and R" are the same or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkanoyl or optionally substituted benzoyl, the substituents selected from the group C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxy, halo and trifluoromethyl. These compounds are useful as hypotensive agents, gastric secretory and platelet aggregation enhibitors and bronchodilators.

Abstract: Prostaglandin analogs are disclosed that have the .alpha.-chain terminating with the group --CH(OR')OR" wherein R' and R" are the same or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkanoyl or optionally substituted benzoyl, the substituents selected from the group C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxy, halo and trifluoromethyl. These compounds are useful as hypotensive agents, gastric secretory and platelet aggregation inhibitors and bronchodilators.

Abstract: The invention relates to halogenous polyesters with the recurrent general formula ##STR1## in which at least part of the R's, e.g.

Abstract: Benzenoid ethers/thioethers are prepared by reacting an activated halobenzene with an anionic reactant, RA.sup.- M.sup.+, in the presence of at least one tertiary amine sequestering agent having formula:N--CHR.sub.1 --CHR.sub.2 --O--CHR.sub.3 --CHR.sub.4 --O--.sub.n R.sub.5 ].sub.

Abstract: Halogenated phenol esters of the formula ##STR1## wherein X represents chlorine or fluorine and R represents hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 22 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 22 carbon atoms, benzyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by chlorine or bromine atoms, or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl or alkoxy, each of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, carboxyl, chlorine and/or bromine. The invention also relates to a method of protecting organic and inorganic material from attack by microorganisms, in particular of providing textiles with an antimicrobial and rotproof finish, of protecting wood from rot, and of preventing the formation of slime in the manufacture of paper.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel pesticidal esters of the pyrethrin or pyrethroid type in which the methylene group bonded to the ester carbonyl and/or ester oxygen bears a fluorine substituent. The compounds of the invention are active against insect pests including flies, moths, aphids and beetles and acarina pests including ticks.

Abstract: 2,2-Dimethyl-3-(2-bromo-2-phenyl-vinyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3-phenoxybenzyl ester of the formula ##STR1## which possess arthropodicidal properties. In addition, the new intermediate of the formula ##STR2## is produced by reacting an .alpha.-bromo-benzyl-phosphonic acid ester of the formula ##STR3## in which R.sup.6 each independently is alkyl or phenyl, or the two radicals R.sup.6 together are alkanediyl, with a 3-formyl-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester and saponifying. Also the compounds of the formula ##STR4## which are new when R.sup.1 is not alkyl, are produced by reacting triphenylphosphine and bromine to form dibromo-triphenylphosphorane, and reacting the dibromo-triphenylphosphorane without isolation with an .alpha.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process and novel intermediates useful in the preparation of sympathomimetic amines. The pharmacologically useful final products, which are acyl derivatives of mono- and dihydroxy aromatic amines (e.g., catechol amines) can be prepared in optically active or racemic form by reacting the corresponding mono- or dihydroxy aromatic amine with a reagent capable of forming the N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivative thereof; reacting the novel intermediate thus obtained with an acyloxymethyl chloride to afford the corresponding novel mono- or diacylated N-protected aromatic amine; and removing the N-protecting group therefrom.

Abstract: A novel diester compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represents a group of the formula (II): ##STR2## wherein X is bromine atom; Y at least one group selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxyl group and primary, secondary or tertiary amino groups; p an integer of 0 to 4; q an integer of 1 to 4; r an integer 1 to 4 and (q+r) is equal to an integer of not more than 5, is found to be capable of imparting excellent flame-retardancy to various inflammable polymeric materials such as polystyrene, polyester, polyamide, polyphenylene oxide, etc. without deleterious effects on other physical properties of such polymeric materials.

Abstract: p- and o-chloromethylbenzoic acid phenyl esters and thiophenyl esters of the formula ##STR1## wherein X represents oxygen or sulfur and R the radical of a mononuclear or polynuclear phenol or thiophenol which is unsubstituted or which bears additional substituents which may include the substituent ##STR2## wherein X is as above. The components can be produced by reacting p- or o-chloromethylbenzoyl chloride with univalent or polyvalent, mononuclear or polynuclear phenols or the thiophenols in the presence of inert solvents and tertiary amines in a catalytic or stoichiometric amount, amides in a catalytic amount, or in an aqueous alkaline medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to an organic compound having an enantiotropic or monotropic mesomorphous phase.

Abstract: 2-Chloro-4-N-(.beta.-diethylaminoethyl)aminocarbonyl-5-methoxy-benzamide of the formula, ##STR1## a process for their preparation and a process for preparing metoclopramide of the formula, ##STR2## using the above described 2-chloro-4-N-(.beta.-diethylaminoethyl)aminocarbonyl-5-methoxybenzamide.

Abstract: Water-degradable compounds formed from amine-type compounds, aldehydes and aromatic carboxylic acids, the respective components reacting to form a complex ester which upon contact with water slowly degrades to release, at least, the original carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Compounds, which have antispasmodic effects, represented by the following formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group or, when taken together, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent an alkylenedioxy group; R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group; R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group, an alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group or, when two of R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are taken together, they represent an alkylenedioxy group; and A represents a straight or branched chain alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and interrupted with an oxygen atom forming an ether bond therein, and the therapeutically useful acid-addition salts thereof; and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: A family of diphenylic esters are disclosed, which, within certain temperature ranges exhibit mesomorphic phases, either smectic or nematic, having the general formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 O or C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 in which n is an integer of from 1 to 10,R.sub.2 is C.sub.m H.sub.2m+1 in which m is an integer of from 1 to 10, andX is Br or CN.

Abstract: A family of organic compounds having at least one mesomorphic phase of nematic type and, in respect of some compounds, one or more smetic phases. The liquid crystals according to the invention satisfy general formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is an alkyl or alkoxy group having n carbon atoms (n being an integer of 1 to 10) X designates the bromine or the cyano group, Y is a methyl group.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed which have a juvenile hormone action on insects and also exhibit acaricide action. Said compounds are unsaturated aliphatic compounds having a trichloromethyl end group and the other end group of which is a phenol group which may be substituted and/or condensed, and which are capable of hindering the growth of insects from the larval to the adult stage and also exhibit an acaricide action on both adult acari and their eggs.

Abstract: This invention relates to phosphorus containing compounds which are useful as herbicides.Additionally, they demonstrate tolerance towards desired crops, e.g., cotton, soybeans and sugarbeets.

Abstract: Esters of certain 2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid derivatives are useful as X-Ray contrast media. Representative compounds are the ethoxymethyl esters of acetrizoic, iothalamic and iodobenzamic acids.

Abstract: Novel mesomorphic substances, constituting, in certain temperature ranges, nematic or smectic liquid crystals which are compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkoxy group containing 1 to 10 atoms of carbon;R.sub.2 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 atoms of carbon;X is Br or CN.

Abstract: Alkyl alkoxymethylbenzoates and essentially linear polyester ethers and copolyester ethers therefrom.

Abstract: There are disclosed herein derivatives of bisfunctionalized compounds, wherein said compounds have been formed by the introduction of a nitro group and a hydroxyl group in the form of an ester into a conjugated diene molecule by treatment of said conjugated dienes with nitric acid in the presence of a carboxylic acid anhydride. The novel compounds produced by this process are useful as bactericides, fungicides and valuable organic synthesis intermediates.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aromatic ethers by the bromination of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, independently, is hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkoxy, lower alkyl; m is an integer from 1-4, and A is --CHO, --COOR.sub.3 or lower alkyl, and subsequently treating the reaction product of the bromination step with an alkali metal alkoxide in the presence of cuprous halide or oxide, is described.

Abstract: Acetylene end-capped polyimide oligomers are prepared by a process including the following sequential steps:1. Preparing an alkanol or ether solution containing substantially 1 molar equivalent of a dialkyl ester of an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid,2. Adding substantially 0.5 to 0.8 molar equivalent of an aromatic diamine to the solution of (1) to form a reaction product between the diacid and the diamine,3. Adding an aminoarylacetylene to the solution of (2) in a quantity sufficient to provide amine groups equivalent to the free carboxylic acid groups present in the product of (2).4. Heating the solution of (3) to vaporize the solvent therefrom, and5. Heating the product of (4) to convert the carboxylic acid groups, the ester groups, and the amino groups thereof to imide groups.The temperature in steps (2) and (3) is maintained below about 50.degree. C. The temperature in steps (4) and (5) is maintained below about 210.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a cyclobutanone of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 each independently is a hydrogen, halogen, cyano, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, carboxamido, dialkylphosphono, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkenyl radical, or two of them together with the carbon atom to which each is linked form a ring,comprising reacting an N,N-disubstituted carboxylic acid amide of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 each independently is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl radical or together form a ring, with an inorganic acid halide, and then reacting the product with a tertiary amine, an olefin of the formula ##STR3## and a Lewis acid, and subsequently hydrolyzing the mass. Preferably isobutyric acid dimethylamide is employed as the carboxylic acid amide, phosgene is employed as the inorganic acid halide, triethylamine is employed as the tertiary amine and zinc chloride or titanium tetrachloride is employed as the Lewis acid.

Abstract: Novel liquid crystal compounds are disclosed, which are chiral esters based upon the phenol ##STR1## Typical examples are: ##STR2## and mixtures of these compounds have a helical pitch such that the mixtures reflect light of a specific wavelength when illuminated with ordinary light and the pitch is temperature sensitive so that the mixtures can be used in temperature indicating devices. Specific examples are given as are samples of mixtures that can be used in phase change electro-optic display devices.

Abstract: New insecticidal (.beta.-phenyl-.beta.-substituted-vinyl)cyclopropanecarboxylates in which the .beta.-substituent may be halogen or lower haloalkyl are described and their preparation and insecticidal utility are exemplified.

Abstract: New compounds are disclosed for obtaining novel polymeric flameproofing agents. The former are diphenols of the general formula: ##STR1## where n=0 or 2. The latter are aromatic polyphenylphosphonates having recurring units of the general formula: ##STR2## in which n equals 0 or 2, and are obtained by reacting (I) with phenylphosphonyl chloride. The latter are especially useful for the flameproofing of polyester and finished or shaped articles based on polyester.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition with high negative dielectric anisotropy, which is capable of exhibiting a high dynamic light scattering effect and of inducing similar characteristics into mixtures of the liquid crystal and another nematic liquid crystal and which derives an advantage from a larger mesomorphic temperature range, which comprises at least one compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents NO.sub.2, bromine or cyano; R.sub.1 is an alkyl or alkoxy group and R.sub.2 is an alkyl group.

Abstract: A new class of alkyl-aryl diethers having juvenile hormone activity (hereinafter designated JHA) and capable of retarding the metamorphosis of pupae or larvae into adult insects is disclosed. The new alkyl-aryl diethers are characterized in that one of the end groups is a phenyl group and the other end group is a halogenated group.

Abstract: Liquid crystalline compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is an electron-repelling radical and Z is an electron-attracting radical, and rings A, B and C are each unsubstituted or additionally substituted with 1 to 4 identical or different monovalent organic radicals.

Abstract: Thermally stable, rigid bisphenols of the formula ##STR1## where R is ##STR2## where R.sup.2 is arylene or substituted arylene, andR.sup.1 is hydrogen or acyl,Are used to prepare thermally stable, rigid, ordered polyesters of the formula ##STR3## WHERE R.sup.4 is arylene or substituted arylene, andN is at least about 10.

Abstract: Intermediates for insecticidal (.beta.-phenyl-.beta.-substituted-vinyl)cyclopropanecarboxylates in which the .beta.-substituent may be halogen, lower alkyl, lower haloalkyl, cyano, carbomethoxy, or carbethoxy are described and exemplified.

Abstract: A class of di-(substituted phenoxy) alkanes having from 7 to 25 carbon atoms in the alkane moiety have hypolipidaemic activity.

Abstract: New compounds are disclosed which have a juvenile hormone action on insects and also exhibit acaricide action. More particularly, said new compounds are unsaturated aliphatic compounds having a trichloromethyl end group and the other end group of which is a phenol group which may be substituted and/or condensed, and which are capable of hindering the growth of insects from the larval to the adult stage and also exhibit an acaricide action on both adult acari and their eggs.Processes for the production of the new compounds of the invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: Alkynyl, benzyl or phenyl, ethers and esters which are ring substituted with an oxy or a thio aliphatic chain. These ethers and esters are usful in killing and preventing the proliferation of insects by upsetting their hormonal balance.

Abstract: Bicyclic compounds useful in the prophylaxis and treatment of allergic diseases, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, methods of administration of the compositions, intermediates useful in preparing the compounds and conversion of the intermediates to the bicyclic compounds. Examples of compounds are substituted coumarins and indanediones and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

Abstract: D-homopregnanes of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.6 is hydrogen, chloro, fluoro or methyl; X is .beta.-hydroxymethylene or carbonyl; R.sup.17a is hydroxy, lower alkanoyloxy or aroyloxy; R.sup.21 is hydrogen, chloro, fluoro, hydroxy, lower alkanoyloxy, aroyloxy, sulfate or phosphate; and the dotted line in the 1,2-position of the A-ring denotes an additional carbon-carbon bondAnd pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, processes for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing them as the active ingredient are disclosed. The D-homopregnanes of the present invention exhibit hormonal activity and are useful for the treatment of inflammation.

Abstract: Novel liquid crystal materials are provided having the general formula ##STR1## where A is a 4-alkylphenyl group and B is a 2-(6-alkyl)naphthyl group, or vice versa, wherein the alkyl groups in A and B may be the same or different. These materials have a dielectric anisotropy sign change at moderate frequencies, i.e., in the range 1kHz to 50kHz and are thus useful for twisted nematic device cells of the frequency switching type.

Abstract: Novel liquid crystal materials which are trans-4-alkylcyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid esters are provided having the general formula: ##STR1## where R is a normal or branched chain alkyl group, which may also contain a chiral center, containing up to ten carbon atoms and X is selected from the groups: ##STR2## where A is a cyano group, a normal or branched chain alkyl group, which may also contain a chiral center, containing up to ten carbon atoms or an alkoxy group in which the alkyl group is as defined immediately above, and where Y is a halogen, preferably chlorine, or hydrogen.

Abstract: An organic compound having a high negative dielectric anisotropy is capable, by mixing with a nematic liquid crystal, of improving the dynamic scattering effect of the liquid crystal. The organic compounds have the formula: ##STR1## in which R is either a fluoro or a nitrile radical and wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl radicals. An excellent dynamic scattering effect is obtained by mixing the new organic compound even in a low proportion with a nematic liquid crystal.

Abstract: Aryloxymethylbenzoic acid phenyl ester of the formula ##STR1## wherein X represents oxygen or sulfur, and each R represents residue of a mononuclear or polynuclear phenol which can be substituted. The ester can be produced by reacting the corresponding chloromethylbenzoic acid phenyl ester with the alkali salt of the phenol corresponding to the aryl group of said aryloxymethyl group. The products are useful as additives for plastics to impart flame resistance thereto.