Abstract: A compound has an excellent rate of change in HTP caused by exposure. A liquid crystal composition is formed of the compound. A cured product, an optically anisotropic body, and a reflective film can be obtained by curing the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant base oil for power transmission (in particular, a lubricant base oil for traction drives) having a high traction coefficient and a high flash point. The present invention relates to a lubricant base oil for power transmission comprising an alicyclic dicarboxylic acid diester compound represented by general formula (1): wherein R1 to R5 are the same or different, and each represents hydrogen or linear or branched C1-4 alkyl, and two R1, two R2, two R3, two R4, and two R5 may respectively be the same or different; and ring A is wherein R represents C1-3 alkyl, and n represents 0, 1, or 2; when n represents 2, R may be the same or different.

Abstract: A method for the synthesis of a aryl compound of Formula (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing saturated Cn- and C2n-alcohols, wherein the separation of the Cn-alcohols and the C2n-alcohols is effected by means of at least one two-column system or by means of at least one dividing wall column.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a terephthalic diester by reacting terephthalic acid with at least one alcohol, wherein terephthalic acid is suspended in the alcohol in a dispersing tank, the preliminary suspension is passed from the dispersing tank into a reactor and converted in the presence of an esterification catalyst, and water of reaction is distilled off together with the vapor as alcohol-water azeotrope, the vapor is at least partly condensed, the condensate is separated into an aqueous phase and an organic phase and the organic phase is conducted through a column in which the organic phase is run counter to at least a portion of the vapor, and the organic phase is collected in the lower region of the column and at least partly passed into the dispersing tank.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a terephthalic diester by reacting terephthalic acid with at least one alcohol, wherein terephthalic acid is suspended in the alcohol in a dispersing tank, the preliminary suspension is passed from the dispersing tank into a reactor and converted in the presence of an esterification catalyst, a reaction suspension is drawn off from a region between the upper region and the lower region of the reactor, a first stream of the reaction suspension is recycled into the upper region of the reactor and a second stream of the reaction suspension is introduced into the lower region of the reactor, and the reaction suspension is thus mixed, wherein the stream drawn off and/or the first stream is passed through a heat exchanger outside the reactor and heated; and water of reaction is distilled off together with the vapor as alcohol-water azeotrope, the vapor is at least partly condensed, the condensate is separated into an aqueous phase and an organic phase and the

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a terephthalic diester by reacting terephthalic acid with at least one alcohol, wherein terephthalic acid is suspended in the alcohol in a dispersing tank, the preliminary suspension is passed from the dispersing tank into a reactor and converted in the presence of an esterification catalyst, and water of reaction is distilled off together with the vapor as alcohol-water azeotrope, the vapor is at least partly condensed, the condensate is separated into an aqueous phase and an organic phase, the organic phase is dewatered and the dewatered organic phase is passed at least partly into the dispersing tank.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plasticizer composition which comprises an ester-based plasticizer and an ether compound and exhibits improved workability and heat loss in proportion to content of the ether compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plasticizer composition which comprises an ester-based plasticizer and an ether compound and exhibits improved workability and heat loss in proportion to content of the ether compound.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition for high-temperature applications contains (A) a pyromellitate ester, (B) a sulfur-containing triazine antioxidant, and (C) a thiophosphoric acid ester antioxidant. When the lubricating oil composition for high-temperature applications according to the invention is applied to a chain, a gear, a bearing and the like, an amount of evaporation of the lubricating oil composition is restrained for a long time and fluidity thereof is also kept for a long time.

Abstract: An ester composition including terephthalate compounds substituted with a non-hybrid and non-branch type alkyl group, a hybrid and branch type alkyl group, and a non-hybrid and branch type alkyl group, respectively by 0.5 wt % to 9.5 wt %, by 14.5 wt % to 43.8 wt %, and 46.7 wt % to 85 wt % based on the total weight of the ester composition, a method of preparing the same, and a resin composition including the same are provided. The ester composition has a short absorption time with respect to the resin and short fusion time and improves the processability of the resin composition. In addition, good physical properties may be provided when manufacturing a sheet and a compound such as a cable, an interior of a car, a film, a sheet, a tube, a wallpaper, a toy, a flooring material, and the like.

Abstract: Provided are compounds of the following: wherein R1 is a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon optionally substituted with an alkyl and/or an OXO-ester, and R2 is a C4 to C14 hydrocarbyl, preferably the residue of a C4 to C14 OXO-alcohol. Also provided are processes for making the compounds and plasticized polymer compositions containing said compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for preparing an ester plasticizer and an ester plasticizer prepared by the method. More specifically, disclosed are a method for preparing an ester plasticizer comprising trans-esterifying 100 parts by weight of dioctyl terephthalate with 0.1 to 89.9 parts by weight of butyl alcohol, and an ester plasticizer prepared by the method. Advantageously, provided are a novel method for preparing an ester plasticizer and an ester plasticizer with superior physical properties, prepared by the method.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds having the formula: where R1-R5 and X are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have neprilysin inhibition activity. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and processes and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive composition containing a resist compound having a high sensitivity, a high resolution, a high etching resistance, and a low outgas which forms a resist pattern with good shape and a method of forming a resist pattern and novel compositions for forming a photoresist under coat film which is excellent in optical properties and etching resistance and contains substantially no sublimable substance and an under coat film formed by the composition. Radiation-sensitive composition containing a solvent and a cyclic compound having, e.g., a cyclic compound (A) having a molecular weight of 700 to 5000 which is synthesized by the condensation reaction of a compound having 2 to 59 carbon atoms and 1 to 4 formyl groups with a compound having 6 to 15 carbon atoms and 1 to 3 phenolic hydroxyl groups, and a cyclic compound for use in the radiation-sensitive composition.

Abstract: A composition is described comprising a mixture of (methylcyclohexyl)toluene isomers having the following formula: wherein the mixture comprises at least 50 wt % in total of the 3,3, 3,4 4,3 and 4,4-isomers of (methylcyclohexyl)toluene.

Abstract: This invention relates to a formulation comprising a compound of formula (I) where R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C1-18 alkyl, optionally substituted C1-18 alkenyl, optionally substituted C3-8 cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-8 cycloalkenyl or optionally substituted aryl; provided that the total number of carbon atoms in R1 and R2 is an integer from 5 to 40 inclusive; the use of a compound of formula (I) (i) as an adjuvant provided that the total number of carbon atoms in R1 and R2 is an integer from 5 to 40 inclusive; and (ii) as a solvent provided that the total number of carbon atoms in R1 and R2 is an integer from 5 to 20 inclusive; to certain novel compounds of formula (I) and to a process for preparing those novel compounds.

Abstract: Provided are compounds of the following: wherein R1 is a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon optionally substituted with an alkyl and/or an OXO-ester, and R2 is a C4 to C14 hydrocarbyl, preferably the residue of a C4 to C14 OXO-alcohol. Also provided are processes for making the compounds and plasticized polymer compositions containing said compounds.

Abstract: Provided are compounds of the following: wherein R1 is a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon optionally substituted with an alkyl and/or an OXO-ester, and R2 is the residue of a C4 to C14 OXO-alcohol. Also provided are processes for making the compounds and plasticized polymer compositions containing said compounds.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to novel methanofullerene derivatives, negative-type photoresist compositions prepared therefrom and methods of using them. The derivatives, their photoresist compositions and the methods are ideal for fine pattern processing using, for example, ultraviolet radiation, beyond extreme ultraviolet radiation, extreme ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and charged particle rays.

Abstract: A catalyst system useful in polymerizing olefins comprising a solid, hydrocarbon-insoluble catalyst component containing magnesium, titanium and halogen and an internal or external electron donor comprising a substituted hydrocarbyl four to eight-membered cycloalkane dicarboxylate wherein the substituents are positioned on the cycloalkane to place the dicarboxylate groups into adjacent conformational positions and wherein the substitutes contain 1 to 20 carbon atoms and may be joined to the cycloalkane structure to form a bicyclo structure.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprising a chiral dopant compound represented by the following structure (Structure 1): wherein: R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, —(C?O)R9, —(C?O)R10, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl, or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted, or combine to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; and R3-R9 are as described in the disclosure. Also featured are liquid crystal compositions comprising a chiral dopant compound represented by any of Structure 2-4 as described in the disclosure.

Abstract: Disclosed are a plasticizer that, when used for a heat-resistant resin composition, improves elongation retention, enhances aging resistance and heat resistance, and exhibits superior tensile strength, tensile strength retention, heating loss or the like before and after heating, thus contributing to enhancement in physical properties of the heat-resistant resin, a plasticizer composition, a heat-resistant resin composition and a method for preparing the same.

Abstract: A process for making bis(aryloxyalkyl)terephthalates useful as antiplasticizers for thermoplastic polyesters is disclosed. Dimethyl terephthalate is reacted with an excess of an aryloxyalkanol in the presence of a condensation catalyst to produce an intermediate mixture comprising a bis(aryloxyalkyl)terephthalate, a mono(aryloxyalkyl)terephthalate, and unreacted aryloxyalkanol. This mixture continues to react at reduced pressure while unreacted aryloxyalkanol is removed and the mono-ester content is reduced to less than 1 mole % based on the combined amounts of mono- and bis-esters. Both steps are performed substantially in the absence of oxygen. Additional unreacted aryloxyalkanol is then removed to provide a purified bis(aryloxyalkyl)terephthalate having an overall purity of at least 98 mole % and a yellowness index less than 10.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds having the formula: where R1-R6, a, b, and Z are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have neprilysin inhibition activity. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and processes and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing hyperbranched polyhydroxybenzoic acid alkoxylates, comprising the steps of: (a) reacting at least one polyhydroxybenzoic ester with one or more alkylene oxides, optionally in the presence of a basic catalyst, (b) allowing the polyhydroxybenzoic ester alkoxylates formed in step (a) to react with transesterification to form hyperbranched polyhydroxybenzoic acid alkoxylates.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of esters of 2-propylheptanol with benzoic acid and/or benzoic acid derivatives in cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical preparations. The compounds are distinguished by their particularly light sensory impression.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a polyester, containing conducting a transesterification reaction of at least one compound selected from compounds represented by the following formulae (1) to (3) with a diol compound in the presence of a catalyst: wherein Ar is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or the like; R1 is CX1Y1R4; R2 is a hydrogen atom or CX2Y2R5; R3 is a hydrogen atom or CX3Y3R6; R7 is a perfluomalkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; X1 to X3 are a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or Rf; Y1 to Y3 are a fluorine atom or Rf; R4 to R6 are a fluorine atom, Rf, ORf or the like; and Rf is a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound has excellent liquid crystal properties, particularly high phase transition temperature. Diamantane compounds are represented by the general formula (I): (I) wherein A and B are each a six-membered, saturated or unsaturated, carbo- or hetero-cycle, and these cycles may have substituents, which substituents may be united to form a ring; and R1 and R2 are each a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and part of the carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group may be replaced by heteroatoms or heteroatom-containing groups, while part of the hydrogen atoms thereof may be replaced by halogen atoms or heteroatom-containing groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to a diol-ester based plasticizer prepared by reacting a diol and a carboxylic acid for use with a polyvinyl chloride resin composition to impart improved physical properties, such as hardness and tensile strength.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a biphenyltetracarboxylic acid ester by oxidative coupling a phthalic acid ester by using a catalyst comprising at least a palladium salt, a copper salt and a ?-dicarbonyl compound in the presence of a molecular oxygen, wherein the ?-dicarbonyl compound is supplied into a reaction mixture liquid intermittently at an interval of less than 30 minutes, or continuously. This method allows, in particular, the selective and economical production of an asymmetric biphenyltetracarboxylic acid tetraester such as 2,3,3?,4?-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid tetraester.

Abstract: The present invention is directed generally to a method of production of biobased chemicals, biofuels, and lignin residues from lignin sources, including waste lignin. This method may allow for selectively producing biobased chemicals, biofuels, and lignin residues from lignin sources using certain processing methods. The methods for production of these biobased chemicals, biofuels, and lignin residues may be provided by chemical-induced processing, catalytic oxidative lignin depolymerisation processing, and catalytic hydroprocessing. Further, the catalytic hydroprocessing from processes including catalytic reduction processing, catalytic hydrodeoxygenation processing, and/or catalytic/dehydrogenation processing may also be used. The method described herein also provides a means in which waste from the process(es) may be reduced and/or recycled.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of aryl substituted olefinic amines such as (2S)-(4E)-N-methyl-5-[3-(5-isopropoxypyridin)yl]-4-penten-2-amine and (2S)-(4E)-N-methyl-5-[3-(5-methoxypyridin)yl]-4-penten-2-amine and new intermediates used in said process.

Abstract: Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the 3,4-Dicarboalkoxybiphenyl-3?,4?-dicarboxylic acid (including the corresponding acid anhydride) represented by the general formula (1): wherein R11 and R12 each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents the number of waters of hydration that is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes a compound having at least two active sites, R1 and R2; wherein the at least two active sites are interconnected by one or more conjugated moieties; each active site is coordinated to one or more metal ions Ma+ or each active site is configured to coordinate to one or more metal ions; and “a” is 1, 2, or 3.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel calamitic mesogenic compounds which are especially suitable for use in birefringent films with negative optical dispersion, to novel liquid crystal (LC) formulations and polymer films comprising them, and to the use of the compounds, formulations and films in optical, electrooptical, electronic, semiconducting or luminescent components or devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyesters prepared from benzene, cyclohexene and cyclohexane compounds having carboxylic acid groups at the 1 and 4, and optionally the 2, positions, such as terephthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalates, and alkylene glycols, such ethylene glycol or 1,4-butane diol. The invention also relates to processes for preparing such polyesters. The invention also relates to such polyesters derived from starting materials derived from renewable resources.

Abstract: Provided herein are self-assembling compounds that can form ion channels in lipid bilayers or cell membranes and ion-channel-forming compositions comprising the self-assembling compounds. Also provided are methods of making and using the ion channels formed from a plurality of molecules of the self-assembling compounds. Further, provided are methods of treating or preventing conditions and diseases that are related to the dysfunction of ion channels, including chloride channels.

Abstract: A catalyst for alkylation contains an inorganic structural material having an ion-exchange ability and a metal ion having a valency of 2 or more. The metal ion is supported on the inorganic structural material. The inorganic structural material is preferably a zeolite. The metal ion is preferably a lanthanide metal. The catalyst for alkylation imparts industrially satisfiable activity and selectivity and can be readily separated, collected and recycled. Furthermore, the process for producing an alkylaromatic hydrocarbon compound includes reacting an aromatic hydrocarbon compound and a compound having an unsaturated bond in the presence of the catalyst for alkylation.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of esters of 2-propylheptanol with benzoic acid and/or benzoic acid derivatives in cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical preparations. The compounds are distinguished by their particularly light sensory impression.

Abstract: A compound for use as an antimicrobial having a formula (A).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of an additive as well as a process to improve the adhesion of a mortar to a building substrate, wherein the mortar is mixed with said additive and is applied to a building substrate selected from the group of polystyrene-containing substrates, polyolefin-containing substrates or polyvinyl chloride-containing substrates, the additive containing (i) a plasticizer that is liquid at 50° C. or lower, has a boiling point of 100° C. or higher, and that has a solubility parameter ? 25° C. between 22.5 MPa1/2 and MPa1/2; (ii) optionally, a filler that has a BET surface area of at least 40 m2/g; (iii) optionally, a biopolymer, (iv) optionally, a protective colloid; and (v) optionally, a water-insoluble film-forming (co)polymer based on ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The invention also covers an additive and a kit of parts suitable for use in the above process.

Abstract: Provided is a strength-improving agent for the production of polyurethane foam, said agent enabling the production of a polyurethane foam having high tensile strength, tear strength and compressive strength.

Abstract: The invention relates to nonyl alcohols with a low degree of branching and derivatives produced using them. In particular the present invention relates to mixture of primary nonyl alcohols in which at least 80% of the alkyl chains are linear and at least 15% of the alkyl chains are branched at the 2-carbon position and its derivatives. The low degree of branching produces derivatives that are more elongated and less bulky that similar derivatives produced with more highly branched alcohols.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods and materials useful for depolymerizing a polymer. In one embodiment, for example, the disclosure provides a method for depolymerizing a polymer containing electrophilic linkages, wherein the method comprises contacting the polymer with a nucleophilic reagent in the presence of a guanidine-containing compound. The methods and materials of the disclosure find utility, for example, in the field of waste reclamation and recycling.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds that are allosteric inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor receptor I, compositions comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds and compositions thereof in the treatment of TNF-? mediated conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for preparing large soluble graphenes. The method comprises attaching one or more hindering groups to the graphene, which can prevent face-to-face graphene stacking by reducing the effects of inter-graphene attraction. The large graphenes can absorb a wide spectrum of light from UV to near infrared, and are useful in photovoltaic devices and sensitizers in nanocrystalline solar cells.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic material having a good durability against light is provided. Further, an optical element having a good durability against light and an optical information writing/reading device employing such an element are provided. The optically anisotropic material is obtainable by polymerizing a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing at least 5 mol % of at least one type of polymerizable compound represented by a general formula CH2?CR1—COO—K-Cy-Cy-L-OCO—CR2?CH2. A phase difference plate 4 produced by employing the optically anisotropic material has a good durability against light, and accordingly, the phase difference plate 4 can realize an optical heat device suitable for large capacity writing/reading by employing a blue laser as a light source 1.