Abstract: The invention relates to polymethacrylate acid-polyalkylene oxide block copolymers, to a process for their preparation and to their use as dispersants or suspension stabilizers for pigments and fillers, e.g. for metal oxides in ceramic materials, for pigments in inks used in ink jet printing and for fillers in thermosplastic and thermoset polymers.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel alkyl glyceryl ether disulfonate compositions (ADEDS), alkylphenol polyethoxy sulfate-sulfonates, and ethoxylated alkylphenol sulfonates, and novel methods of preparation and uses thereof.

Abstract: A novel class of anionic surfactants with improved surfact active properties is comprised of two hydrophilic and two hydrophobic groups represented by the formula: ##STR1## The surfactants exhibit unusually low critical micelle concentration (cmc) and pC-20 values in aqueous media.

Abstract: An process for forming a product which may be in a liquid phase is disclosed wherein a first reactant, preferably a liquid reactant, is directly fed into a reaction zone containing mixing elements and which comprises a first compartment of a reactor. A second reactant, which is maintained at a higher pressure, is fed into a second compartment of the reactor separated from the first compartment by a porous wall. The second reactant passes through this porous wall into the reaction zone to react with the first reactant. The process thereby controls rates of the reactions and the exothermic heats generated by the reactions. Pulsatile flow in one or both reaction compartments improves mixing. An evaporator for a portion of the product improves product quality and permits higher reaction temperatures in the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel alkyl glyceryl ether disulfonate compositions (ADEDS), alkylphenol polyethoxy sulfate-sulfonates, and ethoxylated alkylphenol sulfonates, and novel methods of preparation and uses thereof.

Abstract: A process for preparing alkoxylated alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates which comprises reacting in the presence of water and the absence of ethanol a mixture of alkoxylated glycidyl ethers having as the major quantity of alkoxylated material ##STR1## with a salt of a sulfite bisulfite salt mixture at a temperature below about 110.degree. C. wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl of 10 to 20 carbon atoms, inclusive, R' is hydrogen or methyl and n has an average value of 1 to 10 and obtaining a sulfonated alkoxylated product having as a major quantity of the alkoxylated material a salt ofR(OCH.sub.2 CHR.sup.1).sub.n OCH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 SO.sub.

Abstract: An exothermic process for forming a product which may be in a liquid phase is disclosed wherein a first reactant, preferably a liquid reactant, is directly fed into a reaction zone containing mixing elements and which comprises a first compartment of a reactor. A second reactant, which is maintained at a higher pressure, is fed into a second compartment of the reactor separated from the first compartment by a porous wall. The second reactant passes through this porous wall into the reaction zone to react with the first reactant. The process thereby controls rates of the reactions and the exothermic heats generated by the reactions. Pulsatile flow in one or both reaction compartments improves mixing. An evaporator for a portion of the product improves product quality and permits higher reaction temperatures in the reactor.

Abstract: A new class of surfactants exhibits properties, which make the surfactants suitable for use in surfactant flooding for enhanced oil recovery. The surfactants have the formulaXA.sub.r ORSO.sub.3.sup.- M.sup.+ (I)where R is a hydrocarbon or hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbon group with 2-6 carbon atoms; A is an oxyalkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms; r is a number from 0-10, preferably 0-5 and most preferably 1-4; X is an hydroxyl group or hydroxyl and ether group containing hydrophobic group, which comprises 2-6, preferably 2-4 end groups containing 3-22 carbon atoms; and M is a cation, preferably a monovalent cation; or a C.sub.1-4 -alkyl ether thereof. A method for the manufacture of the surfactants are also enclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of ether-sulphonates of high purity, substantially free from extraneous salts, of the general formula IR.sup.1 --[O--(CR.sup.2 R.sup.2 R.sup.2' --CR.sup.5 R.sup.5' SO.sub.3 MIin whichR.sup.2 to R.sup.5, R.sup.2+ to R.sup.5', M, x and y are defined as given in claim 1 by reacting a compound of the general formula IIR.sup.1 --[O--(CR.sup.2 R.sup.2+ --CR.sup.3 R.sup.3').sub.x ].sub.y --OHIIwith a compound of the general formula IIIHO--CR.sup.4 R.sup.4' CR.sup.5 R.sup.5' --SO.sub.3 M IIIin the presence of a compound of the general formula IVMOH IVfollowed by neutralization of the compound of the general formula IV with an acid, characterized in that the acid employed is a compound of the general formula VR.sup.1 --[O--(CR.sup.2 R.sup.2' --CR.sup.3 R.sup.3').sub.x ].sub.y --OCR.sup.4 R.sup.4' CR.sup.5 R.sup.5' SO.sub.

Abstract: A process for preparing alkoxylated alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates which comprises reacting in the presence of water and the absence of ethanol a mixture of alkoxylated glycidyl ethers having as the major quantity of alkoxylated material ##STR1## with a salt of a sulfite bisulfite salt mixture at a temperature below about 110.degree. C. wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl of 10 to 20 carbon atoms, inclusive, R' is hydrogen or methyl and n has an average value of 1 to 10 and obtaining a sulfonated alkoxylated product having as a major quantity of the alkoxylated material a salt ofR(OCH.sub.2 CHR.sup.1).sub.n OCH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 SO.sub.

Abstract: A process for producing alkali metal isethionate ethoxylates by reacting an alkali metal isethionate and a polyol, the mole ratio of polyol to alkali metal isethionate being greater than about 7:1, the reaction mixture produced being neutralized with a non-oxidizing inorganic acid to produce a neutralized reaction mixture from which the alkali metal isethionate ethoxylate is recovered.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of SCMOS from sulfur trioxide, maleic anhydride, glycolic acid, and alkaline earth metal hydroxide or mixtures of alkaline earth metal and alkali metal hydroxides is disclosed which cooperatively control pH, temperature, time and ratio of reactants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing narrow range alkoxylated isethionates while reducing amounts of undesirable product using water levels and stir rates unappreciated in the art.

Abstract: Process for the production of a neutral-tasting paste of an alkyl ether sulfate in glycerol, comprising the steps of:A) forming an aqueous paste of at least one alkyl ether sulfate wherein the aqueous paste contains from about 25 to about 75% by weight of alkyl ether sulfate;B) adding glycerol to the aqueous paste from step A) in from about 1 to about 4 times the quantity by weight of the aqueous paste;C) distilling off substantially all of the water present in the mixture resulting from step B) to produce a substantially ambydrous paste; andD) passing steam heated to a temperature above 100.degree. C. through skid paste with intensive whirling of the paste and steam phases.

Abstract: A process for preparing an alkoxylated alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate which comprises reacting a terminal glycidate (epoxy) of the structure ##STR1##with a sulfite salt, a bisulfite salt or a sulfite/bisulfite salt mixture at a temperature at or below about 110.degree. C. wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl of 10 to 20 carbon atoms, inclusive, R' is hydrogen or methyl and n is an integer having an average value of 1 to 10 and obtaining the sulfonate of the structureR(OCH.sub.2 CHR.sup.1).sub.n OCH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 SO.sub.3.sup.

Abstract: A compound of the formulaROCH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3.sup.- X.sup.+wherein R is alkyl, alkenyl of eight to twenty two carbon atoms or mixtures thereof inclusive and X is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium compound.

Abstract: A process for the production of a surfactant mixture for use in enhanced oil recovery wherein the surfactant mixture comprises an alkyl ether sulfonic acid or salt thereof as a principal constituent and at most a substantially equal quantity of alkoxylated alcohol. The surfactant mixture is prepared by reacting an alkyl ether sulfate with a stoichiometric excess of an alkali metal sulfite solution at about 160.degree. C. to 220.degree. C. under mildly alkaline pH conditions, and then extracting sulfate salt therefrom using a substantially water-insoluble alcohol at a lowered temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for increasing the selectivity in converting sulfates to sulfonates following ethoxylation and sulfation of alcohols. It is demonstrated that minimization of unethoxylated and monoethoxylated alcohols before the sulfation step will substantially reduce hydration to alcohols and increase the selectivity of the subsequent sulfonation step.

Abstract: Bisulfite addition products, which exhibit surface active properties, prepared by reacting a ketone-terminated polyoxyalkylene compound, such as a diketone of a polyoxypropylene glycol, a monoketone of a polyoxyalkylene alcohol, etc. with an ammonium or alkali metal bisulfite are disclosed.

Abstract: Boron, aluminum and gallium C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 perfluoroalkane-sulfonates (CF.sub.3 (CF.sub.2).sub.n SO.sub.3).sub.3 M (M=B, A1, Ga; n=0-17) as well as perfluororesin sulfonates such as Nafionates are new, highly effective Friedel-Crafts catalysts. In contrast to volatile aluminum and boron trihalides, the Group III-B perfluoroalkanesulfonates are generally of low or no volatility and, except for boron triflate and some of its homologs, only sparingly soluble incommon organic solvents. This allows their use as solid or supported Friedel-Crafts catalysts of wide utility and scope in continuous heterogenous catalytic processes. At the same time, boron triflate and related lower perfluoroalkanesulfonates are particularly efficient soluble catalysts in solution reactions.

Abstract: A process in which disubstituted ethane sulfonic compounds are employed as electroplating auxiliaries in electroplating. The compounds for use in combination with the claimed process have the general formula: ##STR1## wherein, A represents a pyridinium radical ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 denote hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, together with the pyridinium radical, form a condensed six-membered aromatic ring; or,A represents a mercapto radical of the formula --S--R.sub.4, in which R.sub.4 denotes hydrogen or the group: ##STR3## and R.sub.3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Also included within the scope of the present invention are alkali or ammonium salts of the compounds of the foregoing structural formula.

Abstract: Hydroxy sulfonic acids in general and isethionic acid (2-hydroxy ethyl sulfonic acid) in particular can be prepared at 99+% purity and good yields by the selective oxidation of a precursor hydroxy mercaptan with hydrogen peroxide. The resulting product is pure enough to be used directly in the synthesis of sulfo-acrylic esters which are finding considerable use as stabilizers in producing vinylidene chloride copolymers used for FDA approved packaging films.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of ether sulfonates or polyglycol ether sulfonates by reacting an organic alcoholic or phenolic compound or the corresponding alkoxylate in aqueous solution with vinyl sulfonate in the presence of from 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of an alkaline catalyst and, if required, additionally in the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst, and ether sulfonates or polyglycol ether sulfonates prepared by this process and of the general formulaR--O(C.sub.n H.sub.2n O).sub.z --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 Xwhere R is H or an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical (which may contain nitrogen as a heteroatom) of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, n is from 2 to 30, z is from 0 to 300 and X is an alkali metal.

Abstract: Sulfonated phenolic compounds as well as sulfomethylated phenolic compounds, surfactant systems containing such compound and the use of such surfactant systems in post primary oil recovery are disclosed.

Abstract: Salts of sulfonic acids of the type formed in the sulfonation of alkenyl alkyl polyglycol ethers corresponding to the following formulaR--O(--C.sub.n H.sub.2n O).sub.x --R.sup.1with sulfur trioxide, followed by hydrolysis, are used as antistatic agents for plastics. R is a straight chain C.sub.10 -C.sub.22 alkenyl group, R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group, n is an integer of from 2 or 4, and x is an integer of from 0 to 35. The products show a particularly long-lasting effect as external antistatic agents on polyamide fibers.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of surface-active hydroxysulfonates are obtained by reaction of unsaturated fatty alkenyl or fatty alkenyl polyalkoxyl esters, for example of oleyl acetate or oleyl polyethoxyl acetate, with sulfur trioxide, introduction of the reaction product into aqueous alkali metal, alkaline-earth or ammonium hydroxide and heating of the solutions until the ester and sultone groups present have been hydrolyzed.