Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a carbocyclic, saturated or unsaturated ring; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl; R and R.sup.4 are each alkyl, cycloalkyl, benzyl or a readily hydrolyzable ester group; Y is a bond or a straight or branch alkylene; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, aryl, heterocyclic, R.sup.6 CONR.sup.5, R.sup.7 NR.sup.5 CO, R.sup.7 NR.sup.5 SO.sub.2 --or R.sup.8 SO.sub.2 NR.sup.5 --where R.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl or aralkyl; R.sup.6 is alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclyalkyl or a group of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.9 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aralkyl, alkylene, heterocyclic, heterocyclylalkyl, R.sup.12 CONH--, R.sup.12 SO.sub.2 NH-- or (R.sup.13).sub.2 N--; R.sup.10 and R.sup.11 are each hydrogen or alkyl; or R.sup.10 is hydrogen and R.sup.11 is aminoalkyl, imidazolylmethyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkoxyalkoxy, hydroxyalkyl or methylthioalkyl; or R.sup.10 and R.sup.

Abstract: The invention also relates to carbacyclin derivatives of general formula I' ##STR1## wherein R.sub.9 is an alkyl group of 1-10 carbon atoms or the group --C.dbd.C--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --R.sub.6 whereinm is 1 to 16 andR.sub.6 is hydroxy on amino.

Abstract: A carboalkylated amino alcohol having each of the below shown formulae is novel and optically active. A separating agent comprising the alcohol and a support is effectively useful to separate a variety of racemates for example with chromatography. The alcohol may be chemically or physically combined with the support. ##STR1## [wherein Ph represents a phenyl group, R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having the carbon number of 1 to 10, or an aryl group having the carbon number of 6 to 10, X represents an --0-- group or a --S-- group, and Z represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having the carbon number of 1 to 10 or a metal element].

Abstract: Disclosed herein are N-naphthoylglycines and methods of their preparation. The N-naphthoylglycines are novel aldose reductase inhibitors useful for the treatment or prevention of diabetic complications.

Abstract: 2-Acylaminoalkyl-3-[1-(carboxycycloalkylcarbamoyl)cycloalkyl]propanoic acid derivatives (which may also be viewed as glutaramide derivatives) are useful in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure and renal insufficiency, based upon their inhibition of zinc-dependant, neutral endopiptidase.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are N-naphthoylglycine derivatives having aldose reductase inhibiting activity. The derivatives are useful for treating, diabetic complications.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X represents a C.sub.1-6 alkylene, C.sub.2-6 alkenylene or C.sub.2-6 alkynylene chain andY represents a bond, or a C.sub.1-4 alkylene, C.sub.2-4 alkenylene or C.sub.2-4 alkynylene chain with the proviso that the sum total of carbon atoms in X and Y is not more than 8;Ar represents a phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from halogen atoms or the groups C.sub.1-3 alkyl, nitro, --(CH.sub.2).sub.q R [where R is hydroxy, C.sub.1-3 alkoxy, --NR.sup.3 R.sup.4 (where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represent a hydrogen atom, or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, or --NR.sup.3 R.sup.4 forms a saturated heterocyclic amino group which has 5-7 ring members and optionally contains in the ring one or more atoms selected from --O-- or --S-- or a group --NH-- or --N(CH.sub.3)--), --NR.sup.5 COR.sup.6 (where R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, and R.sup.6 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.

Abstract: Novel 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors are useful as anti-hypercholesterolemic agents and are represented by the following general structural formulae (I) and (II): ##STR1##

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X and Y independently represent hydroxymethyl; cyano; carboxy; functionally modified carboxy selected from esterified carboxy, carbamoyl, and N-substituted carbamoyl; 5-tetrazolyl; 2-oxazolyl, 4,5-dihydro-2-oxazolyl, 2-imidazolyl or 4,5-dihydro-2-imidazolyl or any said grouping substituted by lower alkyl; R and R.sub.0 independently represent hydrogen, lower alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, or aryl-lower alkyl in which aryl represents phenyl, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, biphenyl or naphthyl, each unsubstituted or mono- or di-substituted by halogen, lower alkyl, hydroxy, acyloxy, lower alkoxy, trifluoromethyl or cyano; A represents straight chain (C.sub.2 -C.sub.5)-alkylene; or A represents straight chain (C.sub.2 -C.sub.

Abstract: A new process of synthesis of optically active .alpha.-amino acids is described through nitrosation in a non-aqueous, aprotic system, of the corresponding N-carbamyl derivatives followed by decomposition of the thus obtained N-nitroso derivatives in aqueous acidic medium. The process, which is of a general applicability, leads to a remarkable increase in the reaction yields, due to the suppression of the main side reaction leading to the corresponding .alpha.-hydroxy-acid. Some N-nitroso intermediates, which can be recovered from the process of the invention, are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of the general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R stands for hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or C.sub.1-4 acylamino group;R.sub.1 means hydrogen or a carboxyl-protective group; andR.sub.2 represents a --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --CO.sub.2 R.sub.5 group, whereinn is 1, 2, 3 or 4; andR.sub.5 stands for hydrogen or a carboxyl-protective group; orR.sub.2 means a --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --NH.sub.2 group, whereinn is 1, 2, 3 or 4of E and/or Z configurtion as well as their salts.The compounds according to the invention show a cytoprotective effect and promote the healing of the stomach ulcer. Their toxicity is low.

Abstract: An essentially single stage reaction has been discovered in which a disubstituted ethanolamine, that is, a 2,2'-substituted-2-aminoethanol, may be reacted with a haloform and a carbonyl containing compound selected from the group consisting of monoketones and benzaldehyde, in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide, and optionally in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, to produce an alkali metal hydroxyethylaminoacetate ("HEAA") which has N-adjacent C atoms on which there are a total of at least three substituents (hence "polysubstituted"), and one or both pairs of substituents on each N-adjacent C atom may be cyclized. The HEAA may be cyclized by the action of a mineral acid to produce a 2-morpholone hydrochloride which is characterized by having a total of at least three substituents on the N-adjacent C atoms of the ring. The 2-morpholone so produced may be reduced to a polysubstituted aminodiol.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel processes and intermediates for the preparation of 5-amino-4-hydroxyvaleric acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, aryl, aryl-lower alkyl or the radical of a natural amino acid, R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, aryl, aryl-lower alkyl, amino, hydroxy, mercapto, sulphinyl, sulphonyl or the radical of a natural amino acid, and R.sup.3 represents optionally substituted hydroxy or amino, by sigmatropic rearrangement of a suitable allyl ester, halolactonisation of the resulting .gamma.,.delta.-unsaturated acid or of a suitable derivative thereof, exchange of halogen for a nitrogen-containing nucleophile, opening of the lactone ring and freeing of the amino group. Compounds of the formula I are starting materials for the preparation of renin-inhibitors which have an anti-hypertensive action.

Abstract: Sunscreen compositions are described which contain certain substituted naphthalenylidenes which act as UV filters when incorporated in a carrier in amounts ranging from 0.1-50% by weight.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which the carboxyl group on carbon atom 3 is orientated in the endo-position relative to the bicyclic ring system of cis-configuration, and in which R.sup.1 denotes hydrogen, allyl, vinyl or a side-chain of a naturally occurring .alpha.-aminoacid, which may be protected, R.sup.2 denotes hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl, Y denotes hydrogen or hydroxyl and Z denotes hydrogen, or Y and Z together denote oxygen, and X denotes alkyl, alkenyl or cycloalkyl, or aryl which is optionally mono-, di- or tri-substituted by alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, halogen, nitro, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino or methylenedioxy, or denotes indol-3-yl, a process for their preparation, agents containing these compounds and their use.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of statine, the phenyl analog of statine, the cyclohexyl analog of statine and derivatives thereof is described, as well as other valuable intermediates used in the process.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulae ##STR1## wherein n=6-11, M is hydrogen or a pharmaceutically acceptable cation, R is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl optionally substituted by a carboxyl group and X.sub.a, X.sub.b and X.sub.c each independently represent hydrogen or a variety of substituent groups are potent inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase.

Abstract: Disclosed are herbicidal compounds of the general formula I; ##STR1## wherein A is O-alkylene of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, O-alkenylene of 3 to 6 carbon atoms in which the unsaturation is non-adjacent the oxygen atom thereof or NH-alkylene in which the alkylene is of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and --COZR is an acid function or forms certain ester or thioester functions, and the mono- and di-salt forms thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are N-acyl-N-napthoylglycines and methods of their preparation. The N-acyl-N-napthoylglycines are novel aldose reductase inhibitors useful for the treatment or prevention of diabetic complications.

Abstract: DL- or L-Threo-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-methyl-serine which may also be termed as DL- or L-threo-adrenalinecarboxylic acid are now provided, which are new compounds useful for therapeutic treatment of Parkinson's disease and mental depression disease.

Abstract: Hydropyridine derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents carboxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, N-lower alkylcarbamoyl or N,N-di-lower alkylcarbamoyl, R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, an optionally etherified or acylated hydroxy group or an optionally acylated amino group, and R.sub.3 represents a radical of the formula R-- (Ia), R--alk.sub.1 -- (Ib) or R'.dbd.alk.sub.2 -- (Ic) in which R represents a benzocycloalkenyl radical having a total of from 8 to 12 ring carbon atoms which is bonded via a saturated carbon atom and which is unsubstituted or is mono- or poly-substituted in the benzo moiety by hydroxy, lower alkoxy, lower alkanoyloxy, halogen, lower alkyl and/or by trifluoromethyl, and/or subsituted in the .alpha.

Abstract: The invention relates to new (4S)-4-aminobutanoic acid derivatives of general formula: ##STR1## in which: R represents an N-protective group,R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, an alkali metal atom such as lithium, sodium or potassium or a liabile group,R.sub.2 represents a group of formula: ##STR2## in which W represents hydrogen, a hydroxy group or an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxy radical containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and to a process for the preparation of the said derivatives.The 4-aminobutanoic acid derivatives according to the invention are useful as synthesis intermediates for the preparation of peptides derived from statin analogues.

Abstract: Novel .alpha.-aryl-.alpha.-(.omega.-aminoalkyl)-.alpha.-[hydroxy(aralkyl and cycloalkyl)]acetic acid derivatives and .alpha.-aryl-.alpha.-(.omega.-aminoalkyl)-.alpha.[alkanoyloxy(aralkyl and cycloalkyl)]acetic acid derivatives, such as N,N-dimethyl-2-(hydroxyphenylmethyl)-4-dimethylamino-2-phenylbutanamide, 2-(hydroxyphenylmethyl)-5-dimethylamino-2-phenylpentanenitrile, ethyl 2-(hydroxyphenylmethyl)-5-dimethylamino-2-phenylpentanoate, and N,N-dimethyl-2[(acetyloxy)phenylmethyl]-4-dimethylamino-2-phenylbutanamide , useful in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds presented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are: (i) R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and carbon atoms to which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are linked, together represent the group of the general formula: ##STR2## (wherein R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represent hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-alkyl or phenyl, independently, with the proviso that R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is not hydrogen atoms at the same time), or(ii) R.sup.1 represents hydrogen and R.sup.2 represents the group of the formula: --COR.sup.7 (wherein R.sup.7 represents the group of the formula: ##STR3## (wherein Y represents a single-bond, alkylene, alkenylene, W represents oxygen or sulfur, m represents 1 to 3, R.sup.8 represents hydrogen, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, alkyl or alkoxy, with the proviso that when m represents two or more, plural R.sup.8 s may be different each, and R.sup.9 represents hydrogen, alkyl or phenyl group, with the proviso that two of R.sup.9 may be different each), R.sup.

Abstract: A 6-keto-prostaglandin E.sub.1 derivative of the formula: ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1 represents an amino acid or amino alcohol residue, R.sup.2 represents a single bond or an alkylene group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 represents (i) an alkyl group of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, (ii) a cycloalkyl group of from 4 to 7 carbon atoms, which may be unsubstituted or substituted by at least one alkyl group of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or (iii) a phenyl or phenoxy group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted by chlorine, trifluoromethyl or alkyl of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, provided that when R.sup.2 represents a single bond R.sup.3 does not represent phenoxy)cyclodextrin clathrates thereof and non-toxic salts thereof possess selective cytoprotective activity.

Abstract: N-halogenophenoxyacetyl amino acid or ester thereof and salt thereof, a process for production thereof comprising acylation of amino acid or derivative thereof, a herbicidal composition comprising the compound, and a method for killing or controlling plants using the compound. The compounds have a selective herbicidal effect.

Abstract: A method for racemizing an optically active amino acid, which comprises heating the optically active amino acid in an aqueous solution under an alkaline condition in the presence of an alkali metal salt.

Abstract: Preparation of intermediates for herbicides of formula ##STR1## by the reaction of organic phosphites with benzoxazines of formulaBzx--CH.sub.2 --CO--Y (II)in whichBzx denotes the radical of formula: ##STR2## X is a usual substituent of phenols n is an integer from 0 to 4R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are H or such that OR.sup.1 and OR.sup.2 are hydrolyzableY is --OM or --NR.sup.3 R.sup.4M is H or is such that COOM is a salt or an esterR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H or a hydrocarbon radical, and one of them can be R.sup.5 --SO.sub.2 --, andR.sup.5 is a hydrocarbon radical, substiuted if appropriate. Products obtained by the process and their use as herbicides.

Abstract: Benzoyl alanines having the formula: ##STR1## in which the symbols R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 (a) both represent hydrogen or(b) both represent a straight-chain or branched chain alkyl residue having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, or(c) R.sup.1 represents hydrogen and R.sup.2 represents a straight-chain or branched chain alkyl residue having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms and in which the symbol R.sup.3 represents a C(CH.sub.3).sub.m (CH.sub.2 OH).sub.3-m moiety wherein the symbol m represents an integer of from 0 to 3and alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof, are disclosed.The compounds are useful as corrosion-inhibitors for metals in aqueous systems.

Abstract: A process for the recovery in substantially pure form of an amino acid represented by the formula ##STR1## from an aqueous production mixture by a low pressure temperature gradient chromatographic process is described.

Abstract: There are described novel carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## and derivatives of the formula ##STR2## and the addition salts thereof, which exhibit an effect on the intermediary metabolism. Furthermore, the compounds of Formula Ia as well as the compounds of Formula I possess blood-sugar lowering properties.

Abstract: Disclosed are herbicidal compounds of the general formula I: ##STR1## wherein A is O-alkylene of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, O-alkenylene of 3 to 6 carbon atoms in which the unsaturation is non-adjacent the oxygen atom thereof or NH-alkylene in which the alkylene is of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and --COZR is an acid function or forms certain ester or thioester functions, and the mono- and di-salt forms thereof.

Abstract: A new process for the optical resolution of racemic mixtures of .alpha.-naphthylpropionic acids of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is (C.sub.1-6) alkyl and R.sub.2 represents hydrogen or a halogen atom comprises reacting a racemic mixture of a compound of formula II ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have the above seen meanings and R.sub.3 is a reactive group, with an optically active aminoacid of formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.4 represents a (C.sub.1-8) alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl or carboxy, and m is an integer from 0 to 4, to give a pair of diastereoisomeric amides of formula ##STR4## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.4 and m have the above seen meanings, and M is a hydrogen atom or a cation of an alkali metal or a cation of an organic base. Compounds IV are resolved into the single diastereoisomeric amides d,d or 1,d, or d,1 or 1,1. Acid hydrolysis gives the optically active compound I.

Abstract: A method for perparing hydroxy compounds of the aromatic and heteroaromatic series of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein when R.sub.1 .dbd.--COOH, --CH.sub.2 CH(NH.sub.2)COOH then R.sub.2 .dbd.--OH, --H, --COOH; R.sub.3 .dbd.--H, --OH; R.sub.4, R.sub.5 .dbd.--H with no connecting bond; R.sub.6 .dbd.--OH; and when R.sub.1,R.sub.6,R.sub.3 .dbd.--H, R.sub.2 .dbd.--OH; then R.sub.4 .dbd.>NH; R.sub.5 .dbd.--CR.sub.7 .dbd.CHR.sub.4, where R.sub.7 .dbd.--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --NH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 --CH(NH.sub.2)COOH, consists in that aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds of the general formula ##STR2## wherein when R.sub.1 .dbd.--COOH, --CH.sub.2 CH(NH.sub.2)COOH, then R.sub.2 .dbd.--OH, --H, --COOH; R.sub.3 .dbd.--H, --OH; R.sub.4,R.sub.5 .dbd.--H with no connecting bond; and when R.sub.1,R.sub.2,R.sub.3 .dbd.--H, then R.sub.4 .dbd.>NH; R.sub.5 .dbd.--CR.sub.7 .dbd.CHR.sub.4, where R.sub.7 .dbd.--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --NH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 --CH(NH.sub.2)COOH.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula: ##STR1##are antagonists of leukotrienes of C.sub.4, D.sub.4 and E.sub.4, the slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis. These compounds are useful as anti-asthmatic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory agents and cytoprotective agents.

Abstract: N-substituted glutamic acid derivative and salt thereof, a process for production thereof comprising acylation of glutanic acid or derivative thereof, a herbicidal composition comprising the compound, and a method for killing or controlling plants using the compound. The compounds have a selective herbicidal effect.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds of the general formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: ##STR1## wherein R=H or lower alkyl;R'=H, lower alkyl, benzyl, CH.sub.2 OH;A=(CH.sub.2).sub.1 to 5, >C(CH.sub.3).sub.2, >C (CH.sub.2).sub.3 ; andX=0 or 1.The present invention is also directed to a method of treating a person for sickle cell anemia comprising administering to the person a therapeutically effective dosage of the above compounds.In addition the invention includes the novel compound: ##STR2## which is inaccessible by synthetic procedures previously described for this general class of compounds.

Abstract: alpha-L-Aspartyl-D-phenylglycine esters and amides are disclosed to be useful as high intensity sweeteners. These compounds can be used to sweeten a variety of foods, beverages and other oral products.

Abstract: A compound having the partial structure (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different and each is hydrogen or a group --COR.sup.5 or --CO--OR.sup.5 wherein R.sup.5 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; R.sup.3 is halogen and R.sup.4 is hydrogen, methoxy, hydroxymethyl or formamido.These compounds are suitably bicyclic .beta.-lactam antibiotics.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## and intermediates useful in preparing same.

Abstract: Prodrugs of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors which are useful as antihypercholesterolemic agents and are represented by the following general structural formula (I): ##STR1## the amido ester moiety of which is in the L-configuration, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: Oxa-fenchyl esters and amides of alpha-L-aspartyl-D-phenylglycine are disclosed to be useful as high intensity sweeteners. These compounds can be used to sweeten a variety of foods, beverages and other oral products.

Abstract: The acylated enamide compounds are acylated enamides corresponding to the general formula ##STR1## in which Z represents an electron donor group,n is 1, 2 or 3, andR.sup.1 represents hydrogen, a halogen or any organic group,or salts, complexes, alkylated derivatives or acylated derivatives of these compounds.Typical acylated enamide compounds according to the invention correspond to the formula ##STR2## These acylated enamide compounds and the pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds are useful in the prevention and treatment of cancers.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## and intermediates useful in preparing same.

Abstract: This invention is for .gamma.-allenyl-.gamma.-aminobutyric acid derivatives which are .gamma.-aminobutyric acid transaminase inhibitors.

Abstract: Ester substituted benzylhydroxylamine derivatives are effective in stabilizing polyolefin compositions containing a stabilizer or mixture of stabilizers selected from the group consisting of the phenolic antioxidants, the hindered amine light stabilizers, the alkylated hydroxybenzoate light stabilizers, the ultraviolet light absorbers, the organic phosphorus compounds, the alkaline metal salts of fatty acids and the thiosynergists, against degradation upon high temperature extrusion, exposure to the combustion products of natural gas, gamma irradiation or upon storage for extended periods. These ester substituted benzylhydroxylamine derivatives exhibit resistance to loss or extraction during processing and in end-use applications.

Abstract: Substituted aminoxy succinate derivatives of the formula ##STR1## are effective in stabilizing organic materials against oxidative, thermal and actinic degradation, said derivatives being particularly effective as color improvers and process stabilizers in organic materials containing phenolic antioxidants and/or metal salts of fatty acids and/or hindered amine light stabilizers and/or organic phosphorus compounds.

Abstract: Novel .alpha.-allenic-.alpha.-amino acids which are enzyme inhibitors of the suicide or k.sub.cat type are disclosed herein.

Abstract: Novel compounds possessing both angiotensin enzyme inhibitory activity and diuretic activity are disclosed. The compounds are represented by the general formula ##STR1## in which X is ##STR2## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl-alkyl, and cycloalkyl, and may be the same or different; n is an integer from 0 to 4 inclusive; M is alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-alkyl, polycycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl-alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-alkyl, hetero-cyloalkyl, hetero-cycloalkyl-alkyl, fused aryl-cycloalkyl, fused aryl-cycloalkyl-alkyl, fused heteroaryl-cycloalkyl, fused heteroaryl-cycloalkyl-alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, alkylamino-alkyl, or dialkylaminoalkyl, or M and R.sub.6 taken together with the nitrogen to which M is bonded and the carbon to which R.sub.

Abstract: A method for converting ether groups such as alkyl or aryl ether groups including hydroquinone ether groups to hydroxyl groups and ester groups such as alkyl or aryl ester groups to carboxylic acid groups which comprises reacting a compound including at least one ether and/or ester group with a 2-halo-1,3,2-benzodioxaborole to form an intermediate and hydrolyzing the intermediate such as by quenching it into water to form the desired final product.