Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionic acid or salt thereof wherein 3-benzoylphenyl acetonitrile or an alkoxide thereof is reacted with a methylating agent and wherein the mixture obtained is hydrolized to thereby provide the desired acid.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of carboxylic acids represented by a formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl radical, R.sub.2 represents hydrogen atom, lower alkyl or allyl radical and R.sub.3 represents phenyl, substituted phenyl, substituted naphthyl, dibenzofuranyl or substituted biphenyl. Following novel enamine and amidine compounds as intermediates for manufacturing the carboxylic acids and processes for the manufacture of said enamine and amidine compounds ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represent the meanings as referred to and R.sub.4 represents dimethylamino, pyrrolidyl, piperidyl or morpholyl.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing arylpropionic acids of formula Ar--CH(CH.sub.3)--COOH, by reacting an aryl Grignard reagent with a metal pyruvate or with a pyruvamide, to form a hydroxy acid of formula Ar--C(OH)(CH.sub.3)--COOH or its amide, and converting the acid or amide to the product.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which A is lower alkyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl or thiaindolyl radical, R, X.sub.4 and X.sub.5 are hydrogen or lower alkyl, Y is hydrogen, hydroxy, etherified hydroxy, substituted amino, or N-attached heterocyclyl, X.sub.0 is O or OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O, R' represents hydrogen, lower alkyl or acetyl; and acid-addition salts thereof, are novel and useful in pharmacy as hypolipaemiant, hypocholosterolaemiant and cholagogic agents or in the preparation of such agents.

Abstract: A composition of matter for use in a visual-type instrument which includes a polarizer for a light beam and an analyzer for a light beam, the chemical composition being birefringent at a first relative humidity and nonbirefringent at a second relative humidity.

Abstract: A process is described for purifying 4,4'-benzophenonedicarboxylic acid, useful in preparing thermoplastic polyesters yielding molded articles having high impact strength, wherein the acid contains aromatic monocarboxylic acid genetic impurity, which comprises the steps of(a) mixing the impure 4,4-benzophenonedicarboxylic acid with aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution, containing about 28 weight percent or less of ammonia in a weight ratio of solution to acid of about 5:1 to 100:1, thereby forming a solution of the diammonium salt of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid;(b) mixing the resultant solution with an inert water-soluble organic liquid which is a non-solvent for the diammonium salt, in a weight ratio of organic liquid to solution not greater than about 20:1, thereby precipitating the diammonium salt of the acid;(c) separating the diammonium salt from the solution; and(d) recovering the aromatic dicarboxylic acid from the diammonium salt.

Abstract: Benzoyl phenoxy acetic acid derivatives having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen or halogen atom or a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxyl group; and R.sub.2 represents hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group which impart excellent antihyperlipidemic activity are provided.

Abstract: 1-(3-Benzoylphenyl)-propine represented by the formula: ##STR1## useful as an intermediate is provided.

Abstract: 1,3-Dicarbonyl compounds useful as medicines, agricultural chemicals, perfumes, and their intermediates are prepared by reacting a specific .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyl compound with a specific organic copper lithium compound in the presence of an aprotic inert organic solvent, and then reacting the reaction product with an organic carboxylic acid halide or anhydride. In particular, novel 2-acyl-3-substituted cyclopentan-1-ones and 2-acyl-3-substituted cyclohexan-1-ones having important physiological activities are provided.

Abstract: A method is described for making organic polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides, such as aromatic ether bis(phthalic acid)s, based on a cyclic imide-cyclic anhydride exchange reaction at elevated temperatures in the presence of water. In addition to making organic polycarboxylic acid, organic imides are also generated.

Abstract: The invention relates to alkoxy-benzoyl-cyclopentanecarboxylic acids, and to their optical isomers; they are useful as active principles for anorexigenic drugs.