Abstract: A composition for the treatment of follicular tonsillitis is provided. The composition includes a therapeutically effective amount of carnosic acid and a carrier consisting of pharmaceutically acceptable solvents and ingredients. The composition is in the form of spray and includes ethanol and polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate and at least 0.1% oregano essential oil. Other compositions and treatment methods are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention describes one or more compositions for causing an increase in thermogenesis in mammals, comprising at least caffeine, hordenine and ?-phenylethylamine and optionally the addition of B vitamins. The caffeine is often provided from green coffee bean extracts and normally comprises from 0.0001 g to 0.30 g of caffeine from 0.00001 g to 0.1 g of hordenine from barley and from 0.00001 g to 1.0 g ?-phenylethylamine from cocoa beans. The present invention finally provides a method that may cause a simultaneous and synergistic increase in central nervous system activity assisted by the addition of vitamin B as well as thermogenesis in mammals prior to physical exercise, the method comprising providing a composition comprising a source of caffeine, hordenine and ?-phenylethylamine.

Abstract: A powder metallurgy lubricant includes an aromatic carboxylic acid represented by a formula (1), (Z)n-Ar—COOH??(1) where Ar represents an aryl group and Z represents a substituent directly bonded to the above aryl group and is one of R, OR, OCOR and COOR, R representing one of an alkyl group, alkenyl group and alkynyl group and n being an integer in a range from 1 to 4. Z may be mutually the same or different when n is 2 or larger.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved process for the preparation of a benzonaphthalene derivative including, in particular, the manufacture of high purity adapalene. The invention further includes a method for assessing the color of adapalene by means of a quantitative colorimetric measurement of the produced adapalene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, a liquid crystal composition including the same, and an optically anisotropic body. The polymerizable liquid crystal compound according to the present invention has not only large solubility in various solvents but also high birefringence and excellent coating orientation, and thus it can provide an optically anisotropic body which is thin but superior in optical properties.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved process for the preparation of a benzonaphthalene derivative including, in particular, the manufacture of high purity adapalene. The invention further includes a method for assessing the color of adapalene by means of a quantitative colorimetric measurement of the produced adapalene.

Abstract: Intermediate compositions and in particular gels and suspensions for a foam composition comprising adapalene are described. Also described, is the dermatological use of such compositions.

Abstract: Provided is a drug substance and a method of treating an ailment comprising administering an oral dose of a drug product comprising the drug substance wherein the drug substance comprises an organic acid addition salt of methadone. The organic acid addition salt is selected from the group consisting of pamoate and xinafoate wherein the drug substance is bioavailable under gastrointestinal administration but is not bioavailable under administration at a mucosal membrane other than gastrointestinal or release from a depot injectable product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a metal complex that can be used as a gas absorption material with superior gas absorbing properties, a gas storage material with a high storage capacity, and a gas separation material with superior gas separation performance and high adsorption capacity. Disclosed is a metal complex, and a manufacturing method therefor, which consists of: a polycyclic aromatic dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid compound, in the structural formula of which hydroxyl groups are at the farthest locations from each other, which has carboxyl groups at the locations adjacent to the hydroxyl groups, and which has 10 or more circularly conjugated ? electrons, such as 3,7-dihydorxy-2-naphtoic acid or 4,4?-dihydroxy-3-biphenylcaroxylic acid; at least one metal selected from chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel, palladium, copper, zinc, and cadmium; and an organic ligand, such as 4,4?-bipyridyl, capable of bidentate bonding with said metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of acne. In particular, the present invention relates to stable pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of acne along with other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. These compositions exhibit excellent stability, greater permeability, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of such compositions.

Abstract: Methods of using apogossypol and its derivatives for treating inflammation is disclosed. Also, there is described a group of compounds having structure A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, N-oxide, or solvate thereof are provided: wherein each R is independently H, C(O)X, C(O)NHX, NH(CO)X, SO2NHX, or NHSO2X, wherein X is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkylaryl, substituted alkylaryl, heterocycle, or substituted heterocycle. Compounds of group A may be used for treating various diseases or disorders, such as cancer.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to metal organic frameworks or isoreticular metal organic frameworks, methods of production thereof, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: A powder metallurgy lubricant includes an aromatic carboxylic acid represented by a formula (1), (Z)n-Ar—COOH ??(1) where Ar represents an aryl group and Z represents a substituent directly bonded to the above aryl group and is one of R, OR, OCOR and COOR, R representing one of an alkyl group, alkenyl group and alkynyl group and n being an integer in a range from 1 to 4. Z may be mutually the same or different when n is 2 or larger.

Abstract: This invention relates to the drugs, derivatives and analogs containing adamantane structures of new indication applications of anti-tumor. The invention also relates to above compounds to treat tumors and other diseases with FIG. 1. These drugs, derivatives and analogs are generated by the modification of the parent or fragment structures and formation of pharmaceutically acceptable salts, complex salts or prodrug. The drugs, derivatives and analogs as described are administered alone or together with at least one known anti-tumor and immune chemotherapeutic agent including treatment of viral, bacterial and fungal diseases, neurological diseases, endocrine system diseases, and immune system diseases.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to naphthalene carboxamide compounds of formula (I) which are M1 receptor positive allosteric modulators and that are useful in the treatment of diseases in which the M1 receptor is involved, such as Alzheimers disease, schizophrenia, pain or sleep disorders. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and to the use of the compounds and compositions in the treatment of diseases mediated by the M1 receptor.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved process for the preparation of a benzonaphthalene derivative including, in particular, the manufacture of high purity adapalene. The invention further includes a method for assessing the color of adapalene by means of a quantitative colorimetric measurement of the produced adapalene.

Abstract: Method for preparing carboxylic acid derivatives by aromatic nucleophilic substitution, in which a carboxylic acid derivative having a single carboxyl functional group, or one of the salts thereof, the carboxylic acid derivative having, in the ortho position of the carboxyl functional group, a leaving group, which is preferably an atom of fluorine or of chlorine or an alkoxy group, chiral or not, preferably a methoxy group, the carboxylic acid derivative not being substituted by an electro attractive group other than the leaving group if any; is reacted with a reactant MNu, where M is a metal and Nu is a nucleophile, chiral or not, the aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction being carried out without a catalyst and without a step of protecting/deprotecting the acid functional group of the starting compound.

Abstract: The photostabilizing electronic excited state energy—particularly singlet state energy from retinoid compounds—has been found to be readily transferred to (accepted by) ?-cyanodiphenylacrylate compounds having an alkoxy radical in the four (para) position (hereinafter “alkoxycrylenes”) on one of the phenyl rings having the formula (I): wherein one of R1 and R2 is a straight or branched chain C1-C30 alkoxy radical, preferably C1-C8, more preferably methoxy, and the non-alkoxy radical R1 or R2 is hydrogen; and R3 is a straight or branched chain C1-C30 alkyl radical, preferably C2-C20. The alkoxycrylene compounds of formula (I) significantly increase the photostability of retinoid compounds in a composition by at least 3-fold.

Abstract: The photostabilizing electronic excited state energy—particularly singlet state energy from resveratrol compounds—has been found to be readily transferred to (accepted by) ?-cyanodiphenylacrylate compounds having an alkoxy radical in the four (para) position (hereinafter “alkoxycrylenes”) on one of the phenyl rings having the formula (I): wherein one of R1 and R2 is a straight or branched chain C1-C30 alkoxy radical, preferably C1-C8, more preferably methoxy, and the non-alkoxy radical R1 or R2 is hydrogen; and R3 is a straight or branched chain C1-C30 alkyl radical, preferably C2-C20. The alkoxycrylene compounds of formula (I) significantly increase the photostability of resveratrol compounds in a composition by at least 3-fold and as much as 10-fold or greater. The ability of the alkoxycrylene compounds to stabilize the resveratrol compound is concentration dependent, with the amount of resveratrol photostabilization increasing with the concentration of the alkoxycrylene compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to naphthalene derivatives as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of such compounds. The compounds of the invention are glycine B antagonists and are therefore useful for the control and prevention of various disorders, including neurological disorders.

Abstract: Methods for identifying MarR family inhibiting compounds are described. The methods include the use of computer aided rational based drug design programs and three dimensional structures of MarR family polypeptides.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved process for the preparation of a benzonaphthalene derivative including, in particular, the manufacture of high purity adapalene. The invention further includes a method for assessing the color of adapalene by means of a quantitative colorimetric measurement of the produced adapalene.

Abstract: A method for preparation of 6-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid is disclosed based on “one pot” synthesis approach including a direct synthesis of boronic acid derivative from 2-(1-adamantyl)-4-bromoanisole and cycloboranes with a subsequent Suzuki-Miyaura coupling with 6-halonaphtenoates and basic hydrolysis of the reaction product in ethylene glycol or 1,2-propanediol.

Abstract: A composition containing 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid at a high concentration is obtained by intracellularly and extracellularly producing 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid using a bacterium belonging to the genus Propionibacterium and collecting it. This composition is efficacious in improving intestinal flora, alleviating abdominal ailments in association with the intake of milk, and preventing metabolic bone diseases.

Abstract: Are described compounds of Formula (I) in which R, R?, R?, A, and D have the meanings described in the text, as useful agents in the cure of pathologies characterized by altered angiogenesis and as antitumorals.

Abstract: Methods of using apogossypol and its derivatives for treating inflammation is disclosed. Also, there is described a group of compounds having structure A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, N-oxide, or solvate thereof are provided: wherein each R is independently H, C(O)X, C(O)NHX, NH(CO)X, SO2NHX, or NHSO2X, wherein X is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkylaryl, substituted alkylaryl, heterocycle, or substituted heterocycle. Compounds of group A may be used for treating various diseases or disorders, such as cancer.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions for the diagnosis or treatment of neoplasias, including lymphomas, leukemias, brain cancers (e. glioblastomas, medulloblastomas), breast cancer, colon cancer, and pancreatic cancer, and methods of use therefor.

Abstract: Methods of using apogossypol and its derivatives for treating inflammation is disclosed. Also, there is described a group of compounds having structure A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, N-oxide, or solvate thereof are provided: wherein each R is independently H, C(O)X, C(O)NHX, NH(CO)X, SO2NHX, or NHSO2X, wherein X is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkylaryl, substituted alkylaryl, heterocycle, or substituted heterocycle. Compounds of group A may be used for treating various diseases or disorders, such as cancer.

Abstract: The photostabilizing electronic excited state energy—particularly singlet state energy from resveratrol compounds—has been found to be readily transferred to (accepted by) ?-cyanodiphenylacrylate compounds having an alkoxy radical in the four (para) position (hereinafter “alkoxycrylenes”) on one of the phenyl rings having the formula (I): wherein one of R1 and R2 is a straight or branched chain C1-C30 alkoxy radical, preferably C1-C8, more preferably methoxy, and the non-alkoxy radical R1 or R2 is hydrogen; and R3 is a straight or branched chain C1-C30 alkyl radical, preferably C2-C20. The alkoxycrylene compounds of formula (I) significantly increase the photostability of resveratrol compounds in a composition by at least 3-fold and as much as 10-fold or greater. The ability of the alkoxycrylene compounds to stabilize the resveratrol compound is concentration dependent, with the amount of resveratrol photostabilization increasing with the concentration of the alkoxycrylene compound.

Abstract: In one aspect, organic coating compositions, particularly antireflective coating compositions, are provided that comprise that comprise a diene/dienophile reaction product. In another aspect, organic coating compositions, particularly antireflective coating compositions, are provided that comprise a component comprising a hydroxyl-naphthoic group, such as a 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic group Preferred compositions of the invention are useful to reduce reflection of exposing radiation from a substrate back into an overcoated photoresist layer and/or function as a planarizing, conformal or via-fill layer.

Abstract: Gossypol and apogossypol derivatives of general formula (1), preparation thereof and use thereof.

Abstract: Substituted 2-naphthoic acids of structural formula are effective as antagonists of the biological activity of GPR105 protein. They are useful for the treatment, control or prevention of disorders responsive to antagonism of this receptor, such as diabetes, particularly, Type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, lipid disorders, obesity, atherosclerosis, and conditions associated with the Metabolic Syndrome.

Abstract: A composition containing 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid at a high concentration is obtained by intracellularly and extracellularly producing 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid using a bacterium belonging to the genus Propionibacterium and collecting it. This composition is efficacious in improving intestinal flora, alleviating abdominal ailments in association with the intake of milk, and preventing metabolic bone diseases.

Abstract: Methods of using apogossypol and its derivatives for treating inflammation is disclosed. Also, there is described a group of compounds having structure A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, N-oxide, or solvate thereof are provided: wherein each R is independently H, C(O)X, C(O)NHX, NH(CO)X, SO2NHX, or NHSO2X, wherein X is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkylaryl, substituted alkylaryl, heterocycle, or substituted heterocycle. Compounds of group A may be used for treating various diseases or disorders, such as cancer.

Abstract: A process for preparation of 6-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid from 2-(1-adamantyl)-4-bromanisolee is disclosed, based on transformation of 2-(1-adamantyl)-4-bromanisole into a Grignard's reagent by using metallic magnesium, anhydrous lithium chloride and dibromoethane followed by transmetallation with borates to 3-(adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenylboronic acid, which is converted into 6-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid esters by Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction with alkyl-6-halonaftoates catalyzed by Pd [0] or Pd/phosphine ligands and followed by basic hydrolysis in ethylene glycol or 1,2-propanediol of ester thus obtained into 6-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid.

Abstract: A method for preparation of 6-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid is disclosed based on “one pot” synthesis approach including a direct synthesis of boronic acid derivative from 2-(1-adamantyl)-4-bromoanisole and cycloboranes with a subsequent Suzuki-Miyaura coupling with 6-halonaphthenoates and basic hydrolysis of the reaction product in ethylene glycol or 1,2-propanediol.

Abstract: A composition containing 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid at a high concentration is obtained by intracellularly and extracellularly producing 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid using a bacterium belonging to the genus Propionibacterium and collecting it. This composition is efficacious in improving intestinal flora, alleviating abdominal ailments in association with the intake of milk, and preventing metabolic bone diseases.

Abstract: Process for the obtaining of 1-adamantane (tricycle[3.3.1.1 (3,7)]decane) derivatives, or of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, based on a carboxylation reaction, via metallation, of a precursor compound with an adequate leaving group. It also comprises the preparation of the precursor compound by means of a selective coupling of the corresponding boron, magnesium or zinc derivative with the corresponding disubstitute aromatic derivative. It is especially useful for the obtaining of Adapalene at industrial scale with good yield and high purity.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved process for the preparation of a benzonaphthalene derivative including, in particular, the manufacture of high purity adapalene. The invention further includes a method for assessing the color of adapalene by means of a quantitative colorimetric measurement of the produced adapalene.

Abstract: A novel method for preparing 6-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid includes a Suzuki reaction between 3-adamantyl-4-methoxyphenylboronic acid of formula (II): and 6-bromo-2-naphthoic acid of formula (III):

Abstract: A complex comprises at least an ?2-adrenergic receptor agonist and a compound that provides an opposite charge to a charge on the ?2-adrenergic receptor agonist, wherein the complex is charge neutral as a whole and has a solubility in a range from about 0.3 ?g/ml to about 2.5 mg/ml in water at pH of about 7 and temperature of about 25° C. The complex is included in a composition, device, or implant for use in the neuroprotection of components of a neurological tissue to prevent progressive degeneration of such components. In particular, such a composition, device, or implant can be used to provide neuroprotection to cells and components of the optic nerve system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a binaphthol compound represented by formula [1]: and a salt thereof. The binaphthol compound of the present invention is useful for manufacturing antiseptic compounds or chiral catalysts. According to the method of the present invention, binaphthol compounds can be prepared in high yield with low cost.

Abstract: A composition containing 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid at a high concentration is obtained by intracellularly and extracellularly producing 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid using a bacterium belonging to the genus Propionibacterium and collecting it. This composition is efficacious in improving intestinal flora, alleviating abdominal ailments in association with the intake of milk, and preventing metabolic bone diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions comprising at least one agonist ligand, which is specific for receptors of the RAR-&ggr; type, which are characterized as inducers of apoptosis in at least one cell population in which apoptosis can be induced by activating receptors of the RAR-&ggr; type. In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of combating photoinduced or chronological ageing of skin, said method comprising administering an effective amount of at least one agonist ligand which is specific for receptors of the RAR-&ggr; type to combat photoinduced or chronological aging of skin, wherein the agonist ligand has a ratio R which is equal to or greater than 10.

Abstract: New thyroid receptor ligands are provided which have the general formula I 1

Abstract: Granular product of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-3-carboxylic acid with well-suppressed dusting tendency, and process for preparing the same is provided. Granular product of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-3-carboxylic acid having an average particle size of 150 &mgr;m or more and a hardness of 70-3000 g, and a process for preparing the same comprising the steps of dry compressing powdery 2-hydroxynaphthalene-3-carboxylic acid to give compressed material and pulverizing and classifying the same.

Abstract: A toning agent for an azo pigment, an azo pigment with a modified tone, and process for preparing the same are provide. 2-hydroxynaphthalene-3,6-dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof is admixed with a primary coupler component for an azo pigment and the mixed coupler composition and an aromatic diazonium are coupled.

Abstract: A novel carnosic acid derivative for promoting the synthesis of nerve growth factor (NGF), a composition comprising the carnosic acid derivative as an effective ingredient, as well as, a method of promoting the synthesis of NGF comprising administering an effective amount of the carnosic acid derivative as an effective ingredient to a subject requiring such promotion. The carnosic acid derivative, composition and method according to the present invention can safely and efficiently promote the production of NGF in the living body, without being accompanied by a side effect such as a loss of a quantitative balance of hormones in the living body.

Abstract: Non-hygrocopic salts of L-carnitine and of the lower alkanoyl L-carnitines with pamoic acid are described, which are used to prepare solid compositions suitable for oral administration. Solid compositions containing such salts are also described.

Abstract: Amyloid binding compounds which are derivatives of Chrysamine G, pharmaceutical compositions containing, and methods using such compounds to identify Alzheimer's brain in vivo and to diagnose other pathological conditions characterized by amyloidosis, such as Down's Syndrome are described. Pharmaceutical compositions containing Chrysamine G and derivatives thereof and methods using such compositions to prevent cell degeneration and amyloid-induced toxicity in amyloidosis associated conditions are also described. Methods using Chrysamine G derivatives to stain or detect amyloid deposits in biopsy or post-mortem tissue are also described. Methods using Chrysamine G derivatives to quantify amyloid deposits in homogenates of biopsy and post-mortem tissue are also described.