Abstract: Halogen derivatives of 8-hydroxycarboxylic acids, which correspond to the formula ##STR1## (open form, in a basic medium) or to the formula ##STR2## (cyclized form, in an acid medium) in which formulae: X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are halogen atoms, n.sub.1 and n.sub.2 are integers between 0 and 5, but, if n.sub.1 =0, n.sub.2 is different from 0, and vice versa, R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or aryl group, and Cation represents an ion originating from a base, or a metal ion, which is pharmaceutically compatible are suitable as antidepressants having a psychostimulant action.

Abstract: This invention comprises certain analogs of the prostaglandins in which the double bond between C-13 and C-14 is replaced by a triple bond. Also provided in this invention, are novel chemical processes and novel chemical intermediates useful in the preparation of the above prostaglandin analogs. These prostaglandin analogs exhibit prostaglandin-like activity, and are accordingly useful for the same pharmacological purposes as the prostaglandins. Among these purposes are blood pressure lowering, labor induction at term, reproductive-cycle regulation, gastric antisecretory action, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention concerns prostaglandins having a cyclopropane ring in the 2,3 position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of aromatic or furyl substituted olefins, which comprises reacting an olefinic compound with an aromatic compound or furan compound in the presence of carbon monoxide by using a rhodium carbonyl complex as a catalyst to form a corresponding aromatic or furyl substituted olefin.

Abstract: A process for preparing a solution of DL-mandelic acid is disclosed. The process consists essentially of heating a solution consisting essentially of an optically active 2-amino-1-butanol mandelate and an alkalizing agent, with or without an alcohol solvent; neutralizing the resulting solution with a mineral acid or a mineral acid salt to precipitate an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt; separating the metal salt; and recovering the solution of DL-mandelic acid.

Abstract: This invention provides new mono-deuterated prostaglandins having prolonged uterotonic activity.

Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for resolving DL-mandelic acid using optically active 2-amino-1-butanol. The known process comprises: (a) reacting DL-mandelic acid with optically active 2-amino-1-butanol in an alcohol or alcohol mixture to form an optically active mandelate salt; (b) cooling and recovering the salt; (c) mixing the salt with water and distilling off any residual alcohol; (d) acidifying the mixture with a mineral acid; and (e) cooling and recovering the optically active mandelic acid.The improvement comprises: recycling the mother liquor of step (b) into step (a); heating the mother liquor with an alkalizing agent to obtain a racemic solution; neutralizing the racemic solution to precipitate an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt; separating the metal salt; recycling the mother liquor from the separating step into step (a); and recycling the mother liquor from step (e) into step (c).

Abstract: 11-Substituted prostaglandins E.sub.1, E.sub.2 and F.sub.2.alpha. useful as cardiovascular agents and as agents for inducing labor in pregnant females and for the termination of pregnancy and a process for preparing these prostaglandins.

Abstract: .alpha.-Substituted-3-(halomethyl)-4-hydroxybenzeneacetic acids, prepared by the halomethylation of .alpha.-substituted-4-hydroxybenzeneacetic acids are new and useful as starting materials for the preparation of cephalosporin and penicillin derivatives.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.5 independently of one another denote hydrogen or lower alkyl, one of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 denotes hydroxyl and the other denotes alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl, R.sub.4 denotes hydrogen or, if R.sub.3 denotes hydroxyl, additionally also denotes alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl, X denotes a group ##STR2## wherein R.sub.8 is alkyl, aralkyl or phenyl and R.sub.9 is alkyl, aralkyl, phenyl or the group ##STR3## or R.sub.9 and R.sub.8 together are alkylene, Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 independently of one another denote oxygen or sulphur, p denotes 1 or 2, q denotes 0 or 1, with the proviso that p+q=2, and R.sub.6, if q is 0, denotes alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or thiaalkyl, in which case Y.sub.1 is linked to a carbon atom in the thiaalkyl radical which does not carry a further hetero-atom, or denotes oxaalkyl, in which case Y.sub.

Abstract: Prostaglandin derivatives having a 19,20-didehydro, a 19-hydroxy, or a 19-keto feature are disclosed, including processes for preparing them and the appropriate intermediates.A typical 19-hydroxy compound of this invention is 19-hydroxy-19-methyl-PGF.sub.2.alpha.

Abstract: This disclosure describes 11-deoxy-11-substituted members of the E.sub.2, F.sub.2, E.sub.1, F.sub.1, dihydro E.sub.1 and dihydro F.sub.1 prostaglandin series which are useful as hypotensive agents and as anti-ulcer agents.

Abstract: A process for resolving DL-Mandelic acid which comprises reacting at moderately elevated temperatures in a two-phase liquid mixture of water and a suitable water-immiscible organic solvent about equimolecular amounts of DL-Mandelic acid and an optically active 2-benzylamino-1-butanol, represented by formula (I), ##STR1## to form a crude mandelate salt, represented by formula (II), ##STR2## wherein X is chloro, bromo, fluoro, or nitro; said crude mandelate salt is recovered and purified by contact with a suitable solvent to obtain an optically pure mandelate salt, represented by formula (II); the optically active mandelate salt is hydrolyzed with aqueous sodium or potassium hydroxide in a two-phase liquid mixture to obtain an organic phase containing an optically active compound of formula (I) and an alkalized aqueous phase containing the sodium or potassium salt of an optically active mandelic acid. The latter is acidified and an optically active mandelic acid is recovered therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel organic compound, (3-trifluoromethyl)-benzoyl cyanide, and a process for the preparation thereof comprising(a) converting (3-trifluoromethyl)-benzotrichloride to the corresponding benzoyl chloride,b) cyanation of the benzoyl chloride to produce the corresponding benzoyl cyanide, (3-trifluoromethyl)-benzoyl cyanide.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel 16-phenoxy-9-deoxy-9-methylene-PGF-type compounds, exhibiting pharmacological properties comparable to the corresponding prostaglandin E-type compounds.

Abstract: The invention includes novel alkali metal complex compounds (and processes for their preparation) which are useful, inter alia for the hydrogenation of alkali metals at room temperature or below room temperature to form hydrides or nitrides.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel 16-aryloxy-17,18, 19,20-tetranorprostanoic acids and derivatives thereof useful as bronchodilators and as hypotensive and contraceptive agents.

Abstract: Substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexylbenzene is dehydrogenated to substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl in the absence of oxygen over an oxide complex catalyst. The oxide complex catalyst comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group VB and Group VIII elements, optionally promoted with at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group IA, Group IB, Group IIB, Group VIIB and Group VIB.

Abstract: Two optically active amino acid-mandelic acid complexes are obtained by reacting in a solvent under pH conditions of 1.0-4.0, an amino acid expressed by a general formula ##STR1## (in which R represents a methyl group, an ethyl group or a methylthioethyl group) and mandelic acid, one of the acids being an optically active substance and the other being a racemic modification, and optically resolving the resulting complexes into two diastereomers by using a solubility difference therebetween. The optically active complexes are each decomposed by means of an acid, a strongly acidic ion-exchange resin, or a weakly basic ion-exchange resin to obtain optically active amino acids or optically active mandelic acid.

Abstract: Solid sodium or potassium p-hydroxymandelate monohydrate and a process for isolating it from a known reaction mixture of phenol, glyoxylic acid and sodium or potassium hydroxide. The product is a useful intermediate for the preparation of the .beta.-adrenergic blocking agent atenolol.

Abstract: Catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms or substituted or unsubstituted aryl, and R.sup.3 represents substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms or substituted or unsubstituted aryl, provided that, if only one of R and R.sup.1 is hydrogen the Z geometric isomer is hydrogenated, in the presence of a homogeneous, coordination complex catalyst comprising rhodium, iridium or ruthenium in combination with an optically active bis phosphine ligand provides an excellent level of optical purity.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing arylpropionic acids of formula Ar--CH(CH.sub.3)--COOH, by reacting an aryl Grignard reagent with a metal pyruvate or with a pyruvamide, to form a hydroxy acid of formula Ar--C(OH)(CH.sub.3)--COOH or its amide, and converting the acid or amide to the product.

Abstract: Detergent compositions containing self-requestering surfactants the molecules of which contain both a hydrophilic structure and a lipophilic structure are disclosed. The compositions comprise at least 5% by weight, of hydrosoluble salts having the formula ##STR1## in which R is alkyl, arylalkyl or alkylaryl of from 6 to 18 carbon atoms;at least one of the groups represented by Z is a --CH.sub.2 --COO.sup.- Me.sup.+ carboxymethylene group in which Me.sup.+ represents an ion selected from sodium, potassium and ammonium ions and from quaternary onium cations, and combinations thereof, and the remaining Z groups, which may be the same or different, represent H or a carboxymethylene as defined above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 9-deoxy-9-methylene-interoxa-13,14-didehydro-16-phenyl-17,18,19,20-tetrano r-PGF.sub.1 compounds. These compounds are useful pharmacological agents, and are useful for the same purposes as the corresponding PGE-type compounds.

Abstract: This invention provides new compounds of formula I, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is lower alkyl,R.sub.2 is hydrogen or lower alkyl,R.sub.3 is hydrogen or lower alkyl,R.sub.4 is hydrogen or lower alkyl,R.sub.5 is hydrogen, chlorine or lower alkyl, and each ofR.sub.6 and R.sub.7 is hydrogen, or, when R.sub.5 is hydrogen, R.sub.6 may also be chlorine or lower alkyl, and R.sub.7 chlorine or lower alkyl,Useful as anti-phlogistic and anti-arthritic agents.

Abstract: A process for preparing protocatechualdehyde or a 3-alkoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde which comprises subjecting catechol or a 2-alkoxyphenol to reaction with glyoxylic acid in a basic aqueous medium in the presence of a catalyst containing one or more compounds selected from aluminium oxide, silicon oxide and hydrated aluminium oxide in an amount of not less than 0.01 g per 1 g of the starting catechol or 2-alkoxyphenol at a temperature of 0.degree. to 50.degree. C., and then oxidizing the thus obtained reaction mixture in a basic medium.

Abstract: Tetrahydro-.alpha.-pyrones and their intermediate salts of 5-hydroxy-2,3-diphenyl hexanoic acid have psychostimulant activity. A process for the preparation of these compounds comprises preparing the alkyl ester of a 5-oxo alkanoic acid from a 4-oxo alkane carbonitrile, obtained in a first stage by the action of benzyl cyanide on the corresponding alkenone, and then saponifying the obtained ester, followed by hydrogenation to form the 5-hydroxy-2,3-diphenyl hexanoic acid salt, followed if desired by cyclization to form the tetrahydro-.alpha.-pyrone.

Abstract: This invention comprises certain analogs of the prostaglandins in which the double bond between C-13 and C-14 is of the cis configuration. Also provided in this invention, are novel chemical processes and novel chemical intermediates useful in the preparation of the above prostaglandin analogs. These prostaglandin analogs exhibit prostaglandin-like activity, and are accordingly useful for the same pharmacological purposes as the prostaglandins. Among these purposes are blood pressure lowering, labor induction at term, reproductive-cycle regulation, gastric antisecretory action, and the like.

Abstract: This invention comprises certain analogs of the prostaglandins in which the double bond between C-13 and C-14 is replaced by a triple bond. Also provided in this invention, are novel chemical processes and novel chemical intermediates useful in the preparation of the above prostaglandin analogs. These prostaglandin analogs exhibit prostaglandin-like activity, and are accordingly useful for the same pharmacological purposes as the prostaglandins. Among these purposes are blood pressure lowering, labor induction at term, reproductive-cycle regulation, gastric antisecretory action, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 9-deoxy-9-methylene-5-oxa-16-phenyl-PGF.sub.1 compounds. These compounds are useful pharmacological agents, and are useful for the same purposes as the corresponding PGE-type compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 9-deoxy-9-methylene-13,14-didehydro-16-phenyl-PGF compounds. These compounds are useful pharmacological agents, and are useful for the same purposes as the corresponding PGE-type compounds.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and are F, Cl or Br;Q is --CH(CH.sub.3)--CH.sub.2 --, --C(OH)(CH.sub.3)--CH.sub.2 -- or --C(CH.sub.3).dbd.CH--;Y is COOH, COOR.sup.3, CH.sub.2 OH or CH.sub.2 OAc;N is 0 or 1;R.sup.3 is alkyl or aryl of up to 8 carbon atoms or C.sub.6 H.sub.4 NHCOCH.sub.3 ; andAc is acyl of 1-8 carbon atoms;And physiologically acceptable salts thereof, are anti-inflammatory agents, which can be made from compounds of the formula Z--X, wherein Z is ##STR2## X can be converted to --Q--Y.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of certain cyano substituted esters and optical isomers thereof useful as insecticides by dehydration of the precursor carboxamido esters.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the formulae ##STR1## wherein R represents lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, A represents --CH.sub.2 --, --CO-- or ##STR2## n represents an integer of 1 to 8, X represents hydrogen or hydroxyl which may be protected and Y represents hydroxyl which may be protected, and their esters show an excellent action on the lysosomal membranes of cells, and exhibit excellent pharmacological activities such as physiologic host defense control activity, especially immuno-potentiating activity.

Abstract: 2-[4-(2-Fluorophenoxy)phenyl]propionic acid and salts, esters, the amide and the alcohol derived therefrom, useful as anti-inflammatory agents, and their preparation.

Abstract: This invention comprises certain analogs PGE or 11-deoxy-PGE compounds in which the carbonyl at C-9 is replaced by methylene. Also provided in this invention, are novel chemical processes and novel chemical intermediates useful in the preparation of the above prostaglandin analogs. These prostaglandin analogs exhibit prostaglandin-like activity, and are accordingly useful for the same pharmacological purposes as the prostaglandins. Among these purposes are blood pressure lowering, labor induction at term, reproductive-cycle regulation, gastric antisecretory action, and the like.

Abstract: Organic compounds having a substituent represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein M is alkali metal or ammonium are useful complexing agents for metal and/or alkaline earth metal ions.

Abstract: In the process for preparing an organic compound of the formulaA' -- Xin whichX is an amino group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group, andA' is the remainder of the molecule, from an organic compound of the formulaA -- Xin whichA is the remainder of the molecule which can undergo reaction to form A', by converting A -- X into a compound of the formulaA -- Z -- COORin whichZ is --NH--, --O-- or a direct C--C bond, andR is a radical of the formula ##STR1## IN WHICH Y is a direct C--C single bond, the --CH.dbd.CH-- group or an arylene group,R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 each independently is hydrogen, halogen or an alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl or cycloalkylaminocarbonyl radical, orR.sup.1 + r.sup.2 and R.sup.3 + R.sup.4 each independently completes a 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic ring, orR.sup.1 and R.sup.