Abstract: A device configured to be interposed between a lower layer and an upper layer of particles arranged inside a cylindrical shell, thereby limiting or preventing the migration of particles between the layers.

Abstract: A device for reducing pressure fluctuation of a pressure filter frame and a pressure filter. The device includes a pressure filter frame that is a cylindrical housing. An inner wall of the pressure filter frame is further provided with a buffer plate. A plurality of openings are provided in the buffer plate. A gap is remained between the buffer plate and the inner wall of the pressure filter frame. A plurality of supporting posts are disposed in the gap, which fixedly connect the inner wall of the pressure filter frame with the buffer plate.

Abstract: A process for the separation of a substance from a liquid feed mixture and for the purification of the substance by fractional layer crystallization, wherein the liquid feed mixture comprises the substance to be separated and purified in a concentration of less than 50% by weight, which comprises the subsequent steps in the given order: (a) feeding the liquid feed mixture into a crystallization zone, in which at least one surface is provided, so that at least a part of the surface contacts the liquid feed mixture, (b) cooling the at least one surface of the crystallization zone to a temperature below the equilibrium freezing temperature of the liquid feed mixture so that a crystal layer enriched in the substance to be separated and purified is deposited on the at least one cooled surface, whereby a mother liquid having a lower concentration of the substance to be separated and purified than the liquid feed mixture is formed from the liquid feed mixture, (c) removing at least a portion of the mother liquid fro

Abstract: An organic material purification composition, a mixed composition, and a method of purifying an organic material, the organic material purification composition including an ionic liquid in which a cation and an anion are combined; and an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent includes an alcohol or a ketone.

Abstract: Processes for recovering a purified aromatic carboxylic acid include contacting a crude aromatic carboxylic acid with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst in a hydrogenation reactor to form a purified aromatic carboxylic acid; crystallizing the purified aromatic carboxylic acid to form a solid/liquid mixture comprising purified aromatic carboxylic acid solids; filtering the solid/liquid mixture in a rotary pressure filter apparatus to remove a liquid filtrate, washing the solid/liquid mixture in the rotary pressure apparatus with a wash fluid to form a washed solid/liquid mixture, and drying the washed solid/liquid mixture in the rotary pressure apparatus with an inert gas to form a filter cake comprising purified aromatic carboxylic acid solids and a wet gas stream; withdrawing the wet gas stream from the rotary pressure filter apparatus while maintaining the wet gas stream at a pressure above ambient; and recovering the purified aromatic carboxylic acid solids from the filter cake.

Abstract: A method for producing high-purity terephthalic acid, comprising following steps (a) to (c): the step (a); obtaining crude terephthalic acid crystal by liquid phase-oxidizing a p-phenylene compound; the step (b); obtaining a terephthalic acid crystal slurry by a catalytic hydrogenation treatment of the crude terephthalic acid crystal; and the step (c); introducing the terephthalic acid crystal slurry into an upper portion of a mother liquor replacement tower, and bringing the slurry into contact with an upward flow of replacement water introduced from a bottom portion of the mother liquor replacement tower while making the terephthalic acid crystal settled down in the tower, and extracting the terephthalic acid crystal as a slurry with the replacement water from the tower bottom portion, wherein (1) a stirring blade unit is disposed in a slurry layer in the bottom portion of the mother liquor replacement tower, and fluidity of the slurry layer is maintained by rotating the stirring blade unit in such a way

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for recovery of catalyst, aromatic polycarboxylic acids and aromatic monocarboxylic acids from a residue stream from manufacture of an aromatic polycarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Methods of purifying crude or contaminated terephthalic acid using ionic liquids are described. Crude or contaminated terephthalic acid is contacted with a solvent in the absence of an oxidizing agent to form a purified product having at least 30 wt % less 4-carboxybenzaldehyde compared to the crude or contaminated terephthalic acid. The solvent consists essentially of an ionic liquid, optionally an ionic solid or a material capable of forming an ionic salt, and optionally an aqueous solvent. The ionic liquid is formed in situ from at least one ionic liquid precursor.

Abstract: A solid terephthalic acid composition and a process for producing terephthalic acid from para-xylene. The process comprises forming a mixture comprising the para-xylene, a solvent, a bromine source, and a catalyst; and oxidizing the para-xylene by contacting the mixture with an oxidizing agent at oxidizing conditions to produce a solid oxidation product comprising terephthalic acid, para-toluic acid, 4-carboxybenzaldehyde. The solvent comprises a carboxylic acid having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms and an dialkyl imidazolium ionic liquid; and the catalyst comprises at least one of cobalt, titanium, manganese, chromium, copper, nickel, vanadium, iron, molybdenum, tin, cerium, and zirconium. The solid terephthalic acid composition comprises, less than about 4,000 ppm-wt 4-carboxybenzaldehyde content, and more than about 2,000 ppm-wt a para-toluic acid.

Abstract: A solid terephthalic acid composition and a process for producing terephthalic acid from para-xylene. The process comprises forming a mixture comprising the para-xylene, a solvent, a bromine source, and a catalyst; and oxidizing the para-xylene by contacting the mixture with an oxidizing agent at oxidizing conditions to produce a solid oxidation product comprising terephthalic acid, para-toluic acid, 4-carboxybenzaldehyde. The solvent comprises a carboxylic acid having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms and an dialkyl imidazolium ionic liquid; and the catalyst comprises at least one of cobalt, titanium, manganese, chromium, copper, nickel, vanadium, iron, molybdenum, tin, cerium, and zirconium. The solid terephthalic acid composition comprises, less than about 4,000 ppm-wt 4-carboxybenzaldehyde content, and more than about 2,000 ppm-wt a para-toluic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process to produce a dry purified carboxylic acid product comprising furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA). The process comprises oxidizing at least one oxidizable compound selected from the following group: 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (5-HMF), 5-HMF esters (5-R(CO)OCH2-furfural where R=alkyl, cycloalkyl and aryl), 5-HMF ethers (5-R?OCH2-furfural, where R?=alkyl, cycloalkyl and aryl), 5-alkyl furfurals (5-R?-furfural, where R?=alkyl, cycloalkyl and aryl), mixed feed-stocks of 5-HMF and 5-HMF esters and mixed feed-stocks of 5-HMF and 5-HMF ethers and mixed feed-stocks of 5-HMF and 5-alkyl furfurals to generate a crude carboxylic acid slurry comprising FDCA, cooling a crude carboxylic acid slurry in cooling zone to form a cooled slurry stream. The cooled slurry stream is routed to a solid-liquid separation zone to generate a crude wet cake stream comprising FDCA that is dried in a drying zone to generate a dry carboxylic acid product stream comprising crude FDCA (cFDCA).

Abstract: A process for purifying crude terephthalic acid comprising a contaminant at a first concentration, the process comprising contacting the crude terephthalic acid with a solvent comprising an ionic liquid at purifying conditions to produce a solid terephthalic acid product having a second concentration of the contaminant lower than the first concentration.

Abstract: A process for oxidizing solid crude terephthalic acid is described. The process includes contacting solid crude terephthalic acid with a solvent comprising a carboxylic acid and one or more of an ionic liquid or ammonium acetate; a bromine source; a catalyst; and an oxidizing agent to produce solid purified terephthalic acid at a temperature of about 100 to about 210° C., and a pressure of about 2 to about 4.5 MPa, for a time of about 5 to about 60 min, and recovering the solid purified terephthalic acid.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include methods or processes for purifying CTA, systems for purifying CTA, methods or processes for cooling mother liquor streams, systems for cooling mother liquor streams, methods or processes for treating mother liquor solids, systems for treating mother liquor solids, and the like.

Abstract: An applicator instrument (1600) for dispensing surgical fasteners includes a housing (1606) and a curved shaft (1616). Surgical fasteners are disposed within the curved shaft for being dispensed from the distal end of the curved shaft. An advancer (1466) is disposed inside the curved shaft for shifting the surgical fasteners one position closer to the distal end of the curved shaft each time the advancer moves distally. A firing element (1474) is disposed inside the curved shaft and is movable between the proximal and distal ends of the curved shaft for dispensing the surgical fasteners from the distal end of the curved shaft. A staging assembly (1521) is adapted to receive a leading one of the surgical fasteners from the advancer as the advancer moves distally to shift the leading surgical fastener into substantial alignment with the firing element when the advancer moves proximally.

Abstract: Methods of purifying crude or contaminated terephthalic acid using ionic liquids are described. Crude or contaminated terephthalic acid is contacted with a solvent in the absence of an oxidizing agent to form a purified product having at least 30 wt % less 4-carboxybenzaldehyde compared to the crude or contaminated terephthalic acid. The solvent consists essentially of an ionic liquid, optionally an ionic solid or a material capable of forming an ionic salt, and optionally an aqueous solvent. The ionic liquid is formed in situ from at least one ionic liquid precursor.

Abstract: In a process for removing aromatic carboxylic acid from a slurry thereof in solvent, the slurry is split into sub streams and each of said sub streams is supplied to a respective rotary pressure filter such that the sub stream pass through the filters in parallel. Gas is passed through the rotary pressure filters in series in an open-loop arrangement.

Abstract: Provided is a simple filtering operation method capable of conducting a filtering operation without clogging in a ceramic filter for a long period of time, in the operation of filtering fine crystals of terephthalic acid in an oxidation reaction mother liquor obtained in a process of terephthalic acid production by a cross-flow filtration using the ceramic filter. The present invention can be accomplished by conducting an operation for filtering the fine crystals and a back washing operation with a filtrate while maintaining a flowing circulation operation of the oxidation reaction mother liquor under predetermined conditions.

Abstract: In a process for the separation and drying of crude carboxylic acid crystals from a slurry in a solvent, the slurry is supplied to a filter operating at pressure and at a temperature above the atmospheric boiling point of the solvent. A cake of separated crystals is removed from the filter and passed to a thermal dryer. In a system for the separation and drying of crude carboxylic acid from a slurry in a solvent, a pressure filter device has a slurry inlet and an outlet for a cake of carboxylic acid crystals. The system also has a thermal dryer and means for transporting the cake of carboxylic acid crystals from the pressure filter device to the dryer. The pressure filter device is configured to operate at a pressure and temperature above the atmospheric boiling point of the solvent.

Abstract: In a process for the separation of solid carboxylic acid fines from mother liquor that includes such fines, the mother liquor is fed to a settlement drum at above atmospheric pressure. The mother liquor having a lower concentration of carboxylic fines than that fed to the settlement drum is then removed, wherein the mother liquor removal occurs at a point above the point at which the mother liquor containing fines is fed to the settlement drum. In a system for performing the separation process, a settlement drum has an inlet for mother liquor with carboxylic acid fines and an outlet for mother liquor having a lower concentration of carboxylic acid fines content than that of the mother liquor introduced via the inlet. The settlement drum is configured to operate at above atmospheric pressure and the outlet is located at a point in the settlement drum above the inlet.

Abstract: In a process for the separation of carboxylic acid from a slurry in a solvent, a slurry with crystals of carboxylic acid is supplied to a filter operating at pressure and at a temperature above the atmospheric boiling point of the solvent. Inert gas is mixed with the solvent and the mixture is supplied to the filter. A cake of separated crystals is removed from the filter. Inert gas removed from the filter is not recycled. In a system for performing such separation, a pressure filter device has a slurry inlet, and an outlet. Means for mixing inert gas and solvent, and means for supplying the mixture to the pressure filter are provided. The pressure filter device is configured to operate at pressure and at a temperature above the atmospheric boiling point of the solvent. The system does not include means for recycling inert gas removed from the filter.

Abstract: The process relates improving terephthalic acid purge filtration rate by controlling % water in filter feed slurry and to the recovery of a metal catalyst from an oxidizer purge stream produced in the synthesis of carboxylic acid, typically terephthalic acid, while utilizing pressure filtration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for recovery of catalyst, aromatic polycarboxylic acids and aromatic monocarboxylic acids from a residue stream from manufacture of an aromatic polycarboxylic acid.

Abstract: A method for the purification of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid wherein via the application of an acetic acid wash while said crude cake of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid is filtered.

Abstract: A method of replacing a first dispersion medium in a starting slurry composed of the first dispersion medium and a terephthalic acid crystal with a second dispersion medium. The starting slurry is tangentially fed to a vertically extending cylindrical portion of a cyclone-shaped nozzle disposed at an upper portion of a replacement tank of a dispersion medium replacement apparatus, from a tangential direction of the cylindrical portion. The fed starting slurry moves circularly along an inner wall of the cylindrical portion. The slurry circularly moving is then discharged from an opening which is disposed at a vertically lower end of the cylindrical portion and dispersed in a second dispersion medium which is fed from a lower portion of the replacement tank.

Abstract: A method of replacing a first dispersion medium in a starting slurry composed of the first dispersion medium and isophthalic acid crystals with a second dispersion medium. The starting slurry is tangentially fed to a vertically extending cylindrical portion of a cyclone-shaped nozzle disposed at an upper portion of a replacement tank of a dispersion medium replacement apparatus, from a tangential direction of the cylindrical portion. The fed starting slurry moves circularly along an inner wall of the cylindrical portion. The slurry circularly moving is then discharged from an opening which is disposed at a vertically lower end of the cylindrical portion and dispersed in a second dispersion medium which is fed from a lower portion of the replacement tank. The replaced slurry composed of isophthalic acid crystals and the second dispersion medium is mainly discharged from the lower portion of the replacement tank, and the first dispersion medium is mainly withdrawn from the upper portion of the replacement tank.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include methods or processes for purifying CTA, systems for purifying CTA, methods or processes for cooling mother liquor streams, systems for cooling mother liquor streams, methods or processes for treating mother liquor solids, systems for treating mother liquor solids, and the like.

Abstract: The invention is directed to polyester processes that utilizes a pipe reactor in the esterification, polycondensation, or both esterification and polycondensation processes. Pipe reactor processes of the present invention have a multitude of advantages over prior art processes including improved heat transfer, volume control, agitation and disengagement functions.

Abstract: A process for purifying crude terephthalic acid comprising a contaminant at a first concentration, the process comprising contacting the crude terephthalic acid with a solvent comprising an ionic liquid at purifying conditions to produce a solid terephthalic acid product having a second concentration of the contaminant lower than the first concentration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for production of pure terephthalic acid comprising: a) removing a mother liquor from a terephthalic acid through a filter with a gas, wherein the gas comprises steam at a concentration of least about 50% by volume; b) purifying the gas; and c) recycling the gas purified in step (b) back to step (a).

Abstract: Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently producing aromatic dicarboxylic acids (e.g., terephthalic acid). In one embodiment the process/apparatus reduces costs by recovering and purifying residual terephthalic acid present in the liquid phase of an initial oxidation slurry. In another embodiment the process apparatus reduces costs associated with hydrogenation by forming a final composite product containing unhydrogenated acid particles.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes and apparatus for producing a carboxylic acid. The processes employ a concentration section disposed before and/or after a product isolation section, which allows for oxidation byproducts produced in the process to exit the product isolation section with the isolated carboxylic acid product and/or to be combined with the isolated carboxylic acid product downstream of the product isolation section at a rate of at least about 15 percent of the net make rate of the oxidation byproducts in the production process.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes and apparatus for producing a carboxylic acid. The processes employ a concentration section disposed before and/or after a product isolation section, which allows for oxidation byproducts produced in the process to exit the product isolation section with the isolated carboxylic acid product and/or to be combined with the isolated carboxylic acid product downstream of the product isolation section at a rate of at least about 15 percent of the net make rate of the oxidation byproducts in the production process.

Abstract: The invention is directed to polyester processes where the esterification process at utilizes a vapor removing device, wherein the vapor removing device is substantially horizontally oriented, wherein the esterification effluent forms a two-phase laminar, stratified, non-circular vapor/liquid flow in at least a portion of said vapor removing device.

Abstract: Substantially pure ionic liquids and ionic liquid precursors were prepared. The substantially pure ionic liquid precursors were used to prepare substantially pure ionic liquids.

Abstract: Processes are provided for preparing complexes of 2,3,5,6-tetraaminotoluene with an aromatic diacid where the aromatic diacid is insoluble in water under ambient conditions. An integrated process design starting with nitration of 2,6-dihalotoluene eliminates costly intermediate drying and recrystallization steps. Handling of solid materials with possible skin sensitizing properties and toxicity is avoided, thereby eliminating human and environmental exposure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing purified terephthalic acid [PTA,], comprising the steps: dissolving crude terephthalic acid [CTA] in an aqueous medium in a reactor; hydrogenating CTA at a temperature of about 260-320° C. and a pressure of about 1100-1300 psig using a hydrogenation catalyst; crystallizing terephthalic acid in the reactor by lowering the temperature of the solution to about 160° C. without evaporation cooling; transferring the content of the reactor to a filtration unit; filtrating the content at a temperature of about 140-160° C. and a pressure of about 40-100 psig, preferably 80-100 psig to obtain a filter cake, washing the filter cake obtained with water having a temperature of about 140-160° C. in the filtration unit; and drying the filter cake.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of making a bio-based PET packaging and particularly to a method of producing a bio-based PET from at least one bio-based material comprising: a) forming at least one PET component from at least one bio-based material, wherein the at least one PET component is selected from a monoethylene glycol (“MEG”), a terephthalic acid (“TA”), and combinations thereof; (b) processing said bio-based PET component into a bio-based PET.

Abstract: A novel functionally effective organic molecules with various molecular weights are produced by cleaving lignite with hydrogen peroxide or alkaline hydrogen peroxide predominantly below 1000 molecular weight, the said functionally effective organic molecules, molecular weights varies depending on the reaction conditions such as concentration of hydrogen peroxide, time of reaction, temperature, ratio of lignite to hydrogen peroxide, lignite quality etc. conditions. These organic molecules are functionally effective than normal organic molecules (humic, fulvic acids etc.) present naturally in lignite or leonardite due to enhanced reactive nature obtained by treating with hydrogen peroxide or alkaline hydrogen peroxide which are resultant of cleavage of lignite. These functionally effective organic molecules have utilities in various areas such as agriculture and medicine.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a hydrogenation catalyst comprising metallic palladium supported on activated carbon support, wherein the penetration depth of metallic palladium in the support is at least about 10 ?m and up to about 100 ?m, the crystallite size of palladium is between about 40 ? and about 120 ?, and the palladium in the surface layer from the surface of support to a depth of 1 ?m is from about 5% to about 40% based on the total atom number of palladium and other elements. The present invention further discloses a process for preparing the hydrogenation catalyst, and a use of said hydrogenation catalyst in the purification of crude terephthalic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of recovering aromatic dicarboxylic acids with low metal contaminants from manufactured articles and/or articles contaminated with PVC or chlorinated compounds, made of or containing aromatic polyester resins, such as beverage bottles, fibers and films, or from waste from processing of these resins. In particular, the invention relates to the recovery of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid from bottles for recycling which are made of PET, PEN or aromatic polyester copolymers.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently producing and purifying aromatic dicarboxylic acids (e.g., terephthalic acid). The optimized system employs at least one zoned slurry concentrator to enhance purification of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention relates to a catalyst composite containing an extruded catalyst support containing an extruded activated carbonaceous material having specifically a defined pore structure. For example, the extruded activated carbonaceous material may have pores wherein at least about 40% of total Hg porosity occurs in pores having a diameter of about 200 ? and larger. Alternatively the extruded activated carbonaceous material may have a first set of pores having a pore diameter of at least about 40 ? and at most about 100 ? with a porosity of at least about 0.15 cc/g, and a second set of pores having a pore diameter of at least about 5,000 ? and at most about 20,000 ? with a porosity of at least about 0.3 cc/g.

Abstract: A process for producing a high purity aromatic polycarboxylic acid (APA) by purification of a crude APA comprises: (I) aging a slurry of the crude APA in a first dispersion medium at 180 to 300° C. for 10 minutes or longer under stirring; (II) introducing the aged slurry of the APA into a column for substituting dispersion media, bringing the slurry into contact with a second dispersion medium and separating the resultant fluid into a fluid of the first dispersion medium containing impurities and a slurry of the second dispersion medium containing crystals of the high purity APA; and (III) separating the crystals of the high purity APA from the slurry of the second dispersion medium. A high purity APA having excellent hue and particle diameter can be industrially advantageously produced while the construction of the process is simplified and the consumption of energy is decreased.

Abstract: A process comprising the steps of dissolving a dihydric phenol in a solvent to form a solution A, contacting the solution A with an adsorbent material selected from the group consisting of metal oxides, modified metal oxides, activated carbons, and clays, filtering the adsorbent material to form a solution B, adding an anti-solvent to the solution B to form a solution C, and distilling the solution C, wherein the dihydric phenol is represented by Formula (I): wherein R is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and n is an integer having a value of 1 to 4.

Abstract: A process comprising the steps of dissolving a dihydric phenol in a solvent to form a solution A; contacting the solution A with a zeolite; filtering the zeolite to form a solution B; adding an anti-solvent to the solution B to form a solution C; and distilling the solution C; wherein the dihydric phenol is represented by Formula (I): wherein R is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and n is an integer having a value 1 to 4.

Abstract: A major object of the invention is to provide such a method for extracting slurry that is not inhibited in extraction of slurry by a released and accumulated matter or a solid matter sedimented and accumulated at the bottom of the vessel. The invention relates to a method for extracting slurry by extracting slurry from an agitation vessel having a bottom face and a side wall and housing the slurry, characterized in that the slurry is extracted from an open end of a slurry extraction tube provided at the side wall of the agitation vessel. More preferably, a normal line direction of a surface of the open end is in a direction of an angle with respect to a downstream direction of a flow of the slurry caused by agitation of 0° or more and less than 90°.

Abstract: A process is disclosed that relates to the recovery of a metal catalyst from an oxidizer purge stream produced in the synthesis of carboxylic acid, typically terephthalic. More particularly, the process involves recovery of a metal catalyst from an oxidizer purge stream through the use of a pressure filter, the combining of water with a mother liquor to recover the metal catalyst and then subjecting an aqueous mixture so formed to a single stage extraction with an extraction solvent to produce an extract stream comprising organic impurities and a raffinate stream comprising the metal catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatus for isolating a carboxylic acid. The processes employ a rotary pressure drum filter as a product isolation device in a carboxylic acid production process. The product isolation device is employed to isolate purified carboxylic acid particles from an isolation feed slurry comprising an aliphatic acid.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing an enriched carboxylic acid compositions produced by contacting composition comprising a carboxylic acid with an enrichment feed in an enrichment zone to form an enriched carboxylic acid composition. This invention also relates to a process and the resulting compositions for removing catalyst from a carboxylic acid composition to produce a post catalyst removal composition.