Abstract: A production method for a cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid compound, having a step of obtaining a cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid compound or an aqueous ammonia solution of a cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid compound by bringing a phthalic acid compound in an aqueous ammonia solution into contact with hydrogen in the presence of a fixed bed catalyst in a reactor.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for preparing an ester composition and a resin composition comprising the ester composition. It is possible to suitably prepare a plasticizer composition which improves processability due to high absorption rate and short fusion time to resins and thus provides superior physical properties when processed with resins.

Abstract: The invention discloses a deep-ultraviolet chemically-amplified positive photoresist. The deep-ultraviolet chemically-amplified positive photoresist according to one embodiment of the invention includes a cyclopentenyl pimaric acid, a divinyl ether, a photoacid generator and an organic solvent. The deep-ultraviolet chemically-amplified positive photoresist according to the invention has a good sensitivity and a good transparency.

Abstract: A production method of a hydrogenated product of aromatic polycarboxylic acid by the hydrogenation of aromatic ring of the aromatic polycarboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst composed of rhodium in combination with palladium and/or platinum supported on a carbon support. By using the catalyst, the hydrogenated product of aromatic polycarboxylic acid is produced industrially advantageously in high purity and high yield. By activating the catalyst composed of rhodium in combination with palladium and/or platinum supported on the carbon support after the hydrogenation, the conversion to the hydrogenated product of aromatic polycarboxylic acid is maintained at nearly 100% even after repeatedly using the catalyst many times. Also, a hydrogenated product of aromatic polycarboxylic acid substantially free from the starting aromatic polycarboxylic acid is obtained.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to aqueous compositions containing salts of (S)-(+)-abscisic acid, the surfactant Atlox™ 4913, and the color stabilizers sodium citrate and sodium acetate, methods of their preparation, and methods of their agricultural use.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a process for hydrogenation of polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, including: hydrogenation of polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst includes an active metal and a support, the support includes a Group IIA element and a Group IIIA element, and the active metal includes a Group VIIIB element.

Abstract: The invention relates to functionalized, telechelic polymers synthesized by enzymatic catalysis and methods, and the functionalization of polymers via Michael addition with a lipase catalyst, and the crosslinking of mono- or difunctional (telechelic) polymers made by enzymatic catalysis, such as by using multifunctional coupling agents and enzyme catalysts. Quantitative transesterification of vinyl methacrylate with poly(ethylene glycol), poly(isobutylene) and poly(dimethylsiloxane) was achieved using Candida antarctica lipase B. In addition, methacrylate-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether has been successfully coupled to aminoethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether via Michael addition using Candida antarctica lipase B. Amine-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol)s have also been used for the preparation of poly(ethylene glycol)-based dendrimers and gels through Michael addition of the polymer onto triacryloyl hexahydro-triazine using the same enzyme.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing at least one cyclohexanepolycarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof by bringing at least one corresponding benzenepolycarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof into contact with a hydrogen-comprising gas in the presence of at least one coated catalyst comprising an active metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, platinum and mixes thereof, applied to a support material comprising silicon dioxide, where the pore volume of the support material is from 0.6 to 1.0 ml/g, determined by Hg porosimetry, the BET surface area is from 280 to 500 m2/g, at least 90% of the pores present have a diameter of from 6 to 12 nm, and from 40 to 70% by weight of the active metal, based on the total amount of the active metal, are present in the catalyst coating up to a penetration depth of 200 ?m, wherein the contacting is carried out at a superficial velocity of not more than 50 m/h.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of alicyclic carboxylic acids or their derivatives by selective hydrogenation of the corresponding aromatic carboxylic acid (derivatives) in at least two series-connected reactors, at least one reactor being operated in loop operating mode. The catalyst volumes in the method are set in such a manner that the catalyst volume required, based on the conversion rate, is as low as possible.

Abstract: In a process for oxidizing a hydrocarbon to a product comprising at least one of the corresponding hydroperoxide, alcohol, ketone, carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid, the hydrocarbon is contacted with an oxygen-containing compound in at least one oxidation zone in the presence of a catalyst comprising a cyclic imide having an imide group of formula (I): wherein X represents an oxygen atom, a hydroxyl group, or an acyloxy group and wherein the oxygen-containing compound supplied to said at least one oxidation zone has a water content of less than or equal to 0.6% by weight of the oxygen-containing compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides ruthenium complexes of the formula wherein: X and X? denote an anionic ligand selected independently from the group consisting of anions of halogens, the phenolate anion (C6H5O?) the perfluorophenolate anion (C6F5O?), and residues of arylcarboxylic, alkylcarboxylic, perfluoroalkylcarboxylic, alkylsulphonic, arylsulphonic, or perfluoroalkylsulphonic acids; A denotes either nitrogen or carbon with an R5 group; R1 denotes hydrogen, C1-C5 alkyl, C2-C5 alkene or C3-C7 cycloalkyl; and R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 denote independently hydrogen, C1-C25 alkyl, C1-C25 perfluoroalkyl, C5-C24 aryl, C2-C25 alkene, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), formyl (—CHO), carboxyl (—COOH), or an ester (—COOR?), sulphone (—SO2R?), sulphonamide (—SO2NR?2), or ketone (—COR?) group, in which R? is a C1-C5 alkyl, C1-C5 perfluoroalkyl, or C5-C24 aryl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cyclohexanes having carboxylate derivatives at the 1 and 4, and optionally the 2, position. The invention also relates to processes for preparing such compounds wherein a portion of the starting materials utililzed is derived from renewable resources.

Abstract: Use of neboglamine, (S)-4-amino-N(4,4-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)glutamic acid (CR 2249) (CAS Registry Number 163000-63-3), the racemic mixture thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the preparation of a medicament for use in the treatment of toxicodependency induced by drugs such as CNS sedatives such as opiates, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, alcohol, stimulants such as amphetamines and cocaine, and hallucinogens such as LSD, mescalin, cannabis (marijuana) or fencyclidine.

Abstract: The invention relates to the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds, in particular the preparation of alicyclic polycarboxylic acids or their esters by core hydrogenation of the corresponding aromatic polycarboxylic acids or their esters, and also to catalysts suitable therefore.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating benzenepolycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, such as esters and/or anhydrides, is provided.

Abstract: A method for forming cascade polymers specifically utilizing the amine monomer of the formula The monomer is made by initially reacting nitromethane and CH2?CHCO2—TBu by nucleophilic addition to form the triester nitrotrialkanoate of the formula and then reducing the nitrosubstituent to afford the said amine monomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cyclohexanes having carboxylate derivatives at the 1 and 4, and optionally the 2, position. The invention also relates to processes for preparing such compounds wherein a portion of the starting materials utililzed is derived from renewable resources.

Abstract: A crystalline form of a ?-aminobutyric acid analog, and methods of preparing same, are provided.

Abstract: A production method of a hydrogenated product of aromatic polycarboxylic acid by the hydrogenation of aromatic ring of the aromatic polycarboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst composed of rhodium in combination with palladium and/or platinum supported on a carbon support. By using the catalyst, the hydrogenated product of aromatic polycarboxylic acid is produced industrially advantageously in high purity and high yield. By activating the catalyst composed of rhodium in combination with palladium and/or platinum supported on the carbon support after the hydrogenation, the conversion to the hydrogenated product of aromatic polycarboxylic acid is maintained at nearly 100% even after repeatedly using the catalyst many times. Also, a hydrogenated product of aromatic polycarboxylic acid substantially free from the starting aromatic polycarboxylic acid is obtained.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating benzenepolycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, such as esters and/or anhydrides, by bringing one or more benzenepolycarboxylic acids or one or more derivatives thereof into contact with a hydrogen-containing gas in the presence of one or more catalytically active metal, such as platinum, palladium ruthenium or mixtures thereof, deposited on a catalyst support comprising one or more ordered mesoporous materials.

Abstract: A process for preparing dicarboxylic acids by oxidizing cycloaliphatic alcohols, cycloaliphatic ketones or mixtures thereof with nitric acid, by performing the reaction and separation of the components in a fractionating column or rectification column.

Abstract: Provided are processes for making one or more unsaturated oligomeric acids and one or more saturated hydrocarbons. In one form, a process for making one or more saturated hydrocarbons includes oligomerizing one or more unsaturated carboxylic acids having from 4 to 38 carbon atoms in the presence of a molecular sieve catalyst to form one or more unsaturated oligomeric acids including less than 90% by weight of cyclic oligomers, and hydrogenating the one or more unsaturated oligomeric acids via contact with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form one or more saturated hydrocarbons. The oligomerizing of unsaturated fatty acids is from renewable biological sources to form dimer acids. The one or more saturated hydrocarbons are useful as lubricant base oils.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain carbocyclic and oxacarbocyclic fumaric acid oligomers and the use thereof for preparing a pharmaceutical preparation as well of pharmaceutical preparations containing these compounds.

Abstract: A method comprising providing a starting composition comprising a polyunsaturated fatty acid, a polyunsaturated fatty ester, a carboxylate salt of a polyunsaturated fatty acid, a polyunsaturated triglyceride, or a mixture thereof; self-metathesizing the starting composition or cross-metathesizing the starting composition with at least one short-chain olefin in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to form self-/cross-metathesis products comprising: cyclohexadiene; at least one olefin; and one or more acid-, ester-, or salt-functionalized alkene; and reacting cyclohexadiene to produce at least one cycloalkane or cycloalkane derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for hydrogenating one or more organic compounds especially unsaturated organic compounds by bringing the compound into contact with a hydrogen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst, which comprises one or more catalytically active metals applied to a porous catalyst support. The one or more catalytically active metals having been derived via a decomposed organic complex of the metal on the support, in particular amine complexes of the metal. The decomposed complex may be treated with hydrogen to activate the catalyst before use as a hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: A subject for the invention is to obtain trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (t-CHDA) in a high concentration by efficiently isomerizing cis-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (c-CHDA) by a simple method. The invention provides: (1) a process for producing t-CHDA which comprises heating crude CHDA to 180° C. or higher in an inert atmosphere and causing the t-CHDA formed by isomerization to precipitate in the molten c-CHDA while holding the crude CHDA at a temperature in the range of not lower than 180° C.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating benzenepolycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, such as esters and/or anhydrides, by bringing one or more benzenepolycarboxylic acids or one or more derivatives thereof into contact with a hydrogen-containing gas in the presence of one or more catalytically active metal, such as platinum, palladium, ruthenium or mixtures thereof, deposited on a catalyst support comprising one or more ordered mesoporous materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds which bind to the PDZ domains of proteins with PDZ domains, the uses of such compounds and screening methods for identification of such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the oxidation of hydrocarbons, in particular of branched or unbranched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, of cycloaliphatic or alkylaromatic hydrocarbons or of alcohols and/or ketones, to acid or polyacid compounds. It relates more particularly to the oxidation, by an oxidizing agent comprising molecular oxygen, of cyclohexane and/or of cyclohexanol and/or cyclohexanone to adipic acid, in the presence of an aromatic organic acid and a manganese-based catalyst. The yield and selectivity for adipic acid are of a high level with respect to those obtained with other solvents and catalysts.

Abstract: Malodour counteracting preparations for oral use comprising esterified fumarates of the formula (I) wherein X and Y have the same meaning as given in the description, is disclosed. Furthermore, the invention refers to a process for their preparation and to their use for preventing or reducing oral malodour.

Abstract: A method for the continuous preparation of an alicyclic carboxylic acid or an ester of the alicyclic carboxylic acid. A plastic which incorporates the alicyclic carboxylic acid or an ester of the alicyclic carboxylic acid. An article made of a plastic which incorporates the alicyclic carboxylic acid or an ester of the alicyclic carboxylic acid. A liquid which incorporates the alicycic carboxylic acid or an ester of the alicyclic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A subject for the invention is to obtain trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (t-CHDA) in a high concentration by efficiently isomerizing cis-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (c-CHDA) by a simple method. The invention provides: (1) a process for producing t-CHDA which comprises heating crude CHDA to 180° C. or higher in an inert atmosphere and causing the t-CHDA formed by isomerization to precipitate in the molten c-CHDA while holding the crude CHDA at a temperature in the range of not lower than 180° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds, in particular the preparation of alicyclic polycarboxylic acids or their esters by core hydrogenation of the corresponding aromatic polycarboxylic acids or their esters, and also to catalysts suitable therefore.

Abstract: The use as a resist material of a methanofullerene derivative having a plurality of open-ended addends, and to a method for forming a patterned resist layer on a substrate using the methanofullerene derivatives. The methanofullerene derivatives can be represented by the formal C2x(CR1R2)m where x is at least 10, m is at least 2, each addend represented by CR1R2 is the same or different, and wherein each R1 and R2 is each a monovalent organic group, or a divalent organic group which forms a ring structure by being joined to the fullerene shell, or where both R1 and R2 of an addend are divalent groups, they may be mutually joined to form a ring structure, save that at least two of R1 or two of R2 are monovalent, or a mixture of such derivatives. The use of any methanofullerene derivative which has been chemically amplified for formation of a patterned resist layer.

Abstract: The present invention has for its object to provide a method for agglomerating particles of a poly-3-hydroxyalkanoic acid and enlarging its particle size. The present invention provides a method for agglomerating a poly-3-hydroxyalkanoic acid which comprises suspending particles of the poly-3-hydroxyalkanoic acid in a hydrophilic solvent or a mixture comprising water and a hydrophilic solvent, and stirring the obtained suspension at a temperature not more than the boiling point of said suspension.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, such as esters and/or anhydrides, encompassing the reaction of diene/maleic acid anhydride mixtures, in particular of butadiene/maleic acid anhydride mixtures or of mixtures of maleic acid anhydrides and C5-dienes to give alkyl-substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexenedicarboxylic acid anhydrides in the condensed phase, ester formation, and then hydrogenation to give the corresponding cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid derivative, and also to the use of the cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof prepared according to the invention as plasticizers for plastics.

Abstract: Preparation of cyclododecatriene in a continuous or discontinuous process by trimerization of butadiene in the presence of a catalyst system and a solvent, the crude cyclododecatriene obtained being able to be isolated by means of distillation. The cyclooctadiene formed as by-product can likewise be isolated from the crude product.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a polymeric pigment dispersant to be used as a grind resin to incorporate pigment into a pigment dispersion for a coating composition. The polymeric pigment dispersant is the reaction product of dipentaerylthritol, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, glycidylneodecanoate, dimethylethanolamine, and polyphosphoric acid. The present invention is also directed to a method of preparing the polymeric pigment dispersant. In this method, the dipentaerythritol and the hexahydrophthalic anhydride are polymerized to form an intermediate compound. Next, an epoxy group of the glycidylneodecanoate reacts with the intermediate compound, and then the dimethylethanolamine salts the intermediate compound. Finally, the polyphosphoric acid is added to form the completed polymeric pigment dispersant. The polymeric pigment dispersant has improved stability in the pigment dispersion and is utilized for efficient wetting and grinding of the pigment in the pigment dispersion.

Abstract: Compounds and compositions comprising specific metal salts of hexahydrophthalic acid (HHPA) in order to provide highly desirable properties within thermoplastic articles are provided. The inventive HHPA derivatives are useful as nucleating and/or clarifying agents for such thermoplastics, are practical and easy to handle. Such compounds provide excellent crystallization temperatures, stiffness, and acid scavenger compatibility within target polyolefins. Also, such compounds exhibit very low hygroscopicity and therefore excellent shelf stability as powdered or granular formulations. Thermoplastic additive compositions and methods of producing polymers with such compounds are also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, such as esters and/or anhydrides, encompassing the reaction of diene/maleic acid anhydride mixtures, in particular of butadiene/maleic acid anhydride mixtures or of mixtures of maleic acid anhydrides and C5-dienes to give alkyl-substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexenedicarboxylic acid anhydrides in the condensed phase, ester formation, and then hydrogenation to give the corresponding cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid derivative, and also to the use of the cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof prepared according to the invention as plasticizers for plastics.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of the formula: wherein R1 is H or C1-C6alkyl and the C1-C6alkyl moiety is straight or branched; R2 and R3 are each independently C1-C6alkyl and the C1-C6alkyl moiety is straight or branched; or stereoisomers thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds of the formula: wherein R1 is H or C1-C6alkyl and the C1-C6alkyl moiety is straight or branched; R2 and R3 are each independently C1-C6alkyl and the C1-C6alkyl moiety is straight or branched; X is Cl, Br or I; or stereoisomers thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for oxidizing hydrocarbons, in particular branched or unbranched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, cycloaliphatic or alkylaromatic hydrocarbons to acidic or polyacidic compounds.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing specific polycarboxylic acids by oxidative cleavage of double-bond compounds with hydrogen peroxide or hydrogen peroxide donors. The polycarboxylic acids thus obtained are notable for excellent acid stability, and consequently ease of handling in aqueous solution and are useful for treating cellulosic fibers or textile or paper materials produced therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides bicyclic metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands, as well as compositions comprising such ligands, and and methods for their use.

Abstract: The present invention is provided a method of a high stability selectable hydrogenate catalyst producing and using for MCHD manufacturing. The present invention comprised a preparing procedure for Ru/Al2O3 catalyst including an activity raising procedure for said catalyst including and a DMCHD manufacturing process which said high stability catalyst is used for a selectable hydrogenating reaction.

Abstract: Compounds and compositions comprising specific metal salts of hexahydrophthalic acid (HHPA) in order to provide highly desirable properties within thermoplastic articles are provided. The inventive HHPA derivatives are useful as nucleating and/or clarifying agents for such thermoplastics, are practical and easy to handle. Such compounds provide excellent crystallization temperatures, stiffness, and acid scavenger compatibility within target polyolefins. Also, such compounds exhibit very low hygroscopicity and therefore excellent shelf stability as powdered or granular formulations. Thermoplastic additive compositions and methods of producing polymers with such compounds are also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes for industrially advantageously producing at a good yield respectively, a hydrogenated aromatic polycarboxylic acid and an acid anhydride thereof each having a high purity. The present invention provides processes for producing a hydrogenated aromatic polycarboxylic acid by (1) hydrogenating an aromatic polycarboxylic acid at a hydrogen partial pressure of 1 MPa or more by a batch system in the presence of a catalyst containing rhodium and palladium in a proportion of 0.

Abstract: A process for producing a hydrogenation product of aromatic carboxylic acid which comprises continuously producing the hydrogenation product of aromatic carboxylic acid by hydrogenating an aromatic carboxylic acid having a melting point of 250° C. or higher in a solvent in the presence of a solid catalyst, wherein the hydrogenation is conducted in a condition such that substantially the entire amount of the aromatic carboxylic acid of a raw material is dissolved in the solvent by recycling a portion of a reaction liquid taken out of a reactor into the reactor. An aromatic carboxylic acid having a high melting point and hardly soluble in solvents can be hydrogenated at a suitable reaction temperature in accordance with a continuous process without using a great amount of a solvent and the reaction product of the object compound can be produced very efficiently.

Abstract: A malic acid or oxalacetic acid derivative is represented by the following formula (1): wherein ring Z is an alicyclic carbon ring; each of Ra and Rb is independently a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, or an organic group; and Y is a hydroxyl group or an oxygen atom, where ring Z is a bridged carbon ring or a monocyclic carbon ring having eight or more members when Y is an oxygen atom. The alicyclic carbon ring includes, for example, cyclooctane ring and adamantane ring. This compound is a novel malic acid derivative having an alicyclic group bonded to a carbon atom at the 3-position, or a novel oxalacetic acid derivative having a specific alicyclic group bonded to a carbon atom at the 3-position.