Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method for the synthesis of Ferric Citrate and also to provide an amorphous form of Ferric Citrate having an active surface area less than 14 sq.m/g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing cyclic acetal comprising i) preparing a reaction mixture comprising a) a formaldehyde source in a liquid medium and b) a catalyst; ii) converting the formaldehyde source into cyclic acetals, wherein the final conversion of said formaldehyde source to said cyclic acetal is greater than 10% on basis of the initial formaldehyde source.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of 2,4-dihydroxybutyric acid from homoserine includes a first step of conversion of the primary amino group of homoserine to a carbonyl group to obtain 2-oxo-4-hydroxybutyrate, and a second step of reduction of the obtained 2-oxo-4-hydroxybutyrate (OHB) to 2,4-dihydroxybutyrate.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes a thermally-triggered intumescent material or a gas-triggered intumescent material. Such devices prevent or minimize short circuits in a device that could lead to thermal run-away. Such devices may include batteries or supercapacitors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether carboxylic acid and a salt thereof, including supplying polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, oxygen, and water to a continuous stirred tank reactor containing a noble metal catalyst to oxidize the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether with oxygen, in which the molar ratio of the salt of polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether carboxylic acid to the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether in the continuous stirred tank reactor is controlled to 0.33 to 49.

Abstract: The present invention is generally drawn to novel isolated therapeutic agents, termed resolvins, generated from the interaction between a dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), cyclooxygenase-II (COX-2) and an analgesic, such as aspirin (ASA). Surprisingly, careful isolation of compounds generated from the combination of components in an appropriate environment provide di- and tri-hydroxy EPA or DHA compounds having unique structural and physiological properties. The present invention therefore provides for many new useful therapeutic di- or tri-hydroxy derivatives of EPA or DHA (resolvins) that diminish, prevent, or eliminate inflammation or PMN migration, for example. The present invention also provides methods of use, methods of preparation, and packaged pharmaceuticals for use as medicaments for the compounds disclosed throughout the specification.

Abstract: The invention relates to recombinant cells and their use in the production of 3,4-dihydroxybutyrate, 2,3-dihydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxybutyrolactone.

Abstract: Provided herein are inter alia novel compositions and methods having application in a variety of fields including the field of enhanced oil recovery, the cleaning industry as well as groundwater remediation. In particular, the alkoxy carboxylate compounds and mixtures thereof presented herein can be used, inter alia, for the recovery of a large range of crude oil compositions from challenging reservoirs.

Abstract: A process for preparing parenteral iron-saccharidic complexes, and the complexes produced, comprising: (1) providing an aqueous solution or dispersion including (i) Fe(III) and (OH)? ions and (ii) at least one saccharide, to form a reaction mixture, where the molar ratio of (i):(ii) is about 30:1 to about 1:30; and the mixture temperature and pH are at or above the complex assembly point (CAP); and (2) maintaining temperature and pH at or above the CAP for a time sufficient to form an iron-saccharidic complex having a molecular weight of about 25,000 Daltons or more. Control of the temperature and pH efficiently produces a high molecular weight complex. The complex can be separated by precipitation, dialysis and/or column fractionation and, if desired, dried, e.g., lyophilized or spray dried. The process can controllably synthesize complexes of varying molecular weight and/or chemical composition, particularly sodium ferric gluconate and ferric hydroxide-sucrose.

Abstract: The invention relates to recombinant cells and their use in the production of 3,4-dihydroxybutyrate, 2,3-dihydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxybutyrolactone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-yield method for preparing highly pure (3S,4S)-4-((R)-2-(benzyloxy)tridecyl)-3-hexyl-2-oxetanone using a metal salt of (2S,3S,5R)-2-hexyl-3,5-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid as an intermediate.

Abstract: Methods for incorporating chlorhexidine salts into solvent based adhesives are described. The methods involve freeze drying an aqueous solution of the chlorhexidine salt and obtaining the chlorhexidine salt in a particulate form. The dry powder can then be dissolved into an appropriate solvent used with the adhesive of interest. Also described are particles including chlorhexidine salts that are incorporated in adhesives. Also described are various medical products utilizing the adhesive and chlorhexidine compound, and related methods of use.

Abstract: Provided herein are inter alia novel compositions and methods having application in the field of enhanced oil recovery. In particular, the short hydrophobe compounds and mixtures thereof presented herein can be used, inter alia, for the recovery of a large range of crude oil compositions from challenging reservoirs.

Abstract: The present invention provides peroxidic fluoropolyether and a fluorine-containing dispersion obtained from polymerization of fluorine-containing monomers in the presence of peroxidic fluoropolyether as a surfactant. The peroxidic fluoropolyether can be used as surfactant for producing aqueous dispersion of fluorine-containing monomer in place of PFOA or the salts thereof. Thus the amount of PFOA or the salts thereof is reduced and the natural environment is protected. In addition, applying peroxidic fluoropolyether as surfactant and combining it with adjuvants, such as initiator, can induce the reaction moderate and can be beneficial to the polymerization control, thus reducing the amount of initiator or shortening the reaction time.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymerized micelles of size inferior to 100 nm for in vivo diagnosis, in particular of cancer. The polymerized micelles of the invention comprise a diagnostic agent and an amphiphilic polymer obtainable by the polymerization of an amphiphilic monomer, said monomer comprising: a lipophilic chain comprising a polymerizable vinylic or diacetylenic group, and a hydrophilic head comprising a polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene chain. The invention finds application in the pharmaceutical field, in particular.

Abstract: An automatic dishwashing composition offering good performance especially in the removal of stubborn stains, such as tea stains, comprises a chelating agent selected from hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid, glucoheptonic acid, hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid, poly(acrylic acid-co-hypophosphite), and salts, complexes and mixtures thereof; wherein the composition is substantially free of phosphate containing builders and substantially free of bleaching compounds.

Abstract: Novel oxidized lipids are provided herein, as well as methods for producing same, and uses thereof in treating or preventing an inflammation associated with endogenous oxidized lipids and related conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides the use of lithium compounds in micro-doses for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The results show that the administration of lithium in micro-doses provides a known not-toxic alternative to the elderly for slowing or stopping the progress of the disease and the progressive cognitive deterioration.

Abstract: Novel ionic liquids comprising polyethercarboxylates as anions, a process for preparing them and their use.

Abstract: A method of production of value-added, biobased chemicals, derivative products, and/or purified glycerin from bioglycerin of recycled oil, grease, and/or fat origin is described herein. A method of purification of bioglycerin of recycled oil, grease, and/or fat origin is also described herein. The method of purification of bioglycerin of recycled oil, grease, and/or fat origin described provides methods for desalinating, decolorizing, and/or concentrating bioglycerin of recycled oil, grease, and/or fat origin for the production of biobased chemicals, derivative products, and/or purified glycerin.

Abstract: The invention relates to the cosmetic use, as a skin moisturizer, of a compound of formula (I): with (i) R1 and R2 represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group, or (ii) R1 and R2 can form, together with the nitrogen atom which bears them, a saturated heterocycle with 5 to 7 ring members; R5 representing a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C3) alkyl group; R6 representing a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C4) alkyl group; R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C6) alkyl group, or —OR3 represents a phosphate group; it being possible for the two groups R3 to form, together, an isopropylidene group; R4 represents a hydrogen atom or —OR4 represents a phosphate group; and the salts, solvates and isomers thereof. The invention also relates to a cosmetic composition comprising a compound (I) and the corresponding new compounds.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide for polyurethane gels or soft elastomers which incorporate renewable resources without compromising the physical and chemical properties of the gels or soft elastomers, such as resistance to many chemicals.

Abstract: There is provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (7): wherein R is an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; provides that R is not a compound of Formula (a): wherein Ra represents an alkyl group, such as a C1-16 alkyl group, and preferably an isopropyl group; Rb represents an aryl group, preferably a 4-fluorophenyl group; Rc represents hydrogen, a protecting group or an alkyl group, such as a C1-16 alkyl group, and preferably a methyl group; and Rd represents hydrogen, a protecting group or a SO2Re group where Re is an alkyl group, such as a C1-16 alkyl group, and preferably a methyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing ether carboxylates.

Abstract: An isotope-doped nano-structure is provided. The isotope-doped nano-structure includes at least one isotope-doped nano-structure segment having at least two isotopes of the element. The at least two isotopes of the element are mixed uniformly in a certain proportion. The isotope-doped nano-structure can be used for isotope labeling one type of the unlabeled structures such as DNAs, proteins, glucoses, gluconic acids, starches, biotin enzymes, sorbitols, or organic amines. An isotope labeled structure is also provided.

Abstract: (Neuro)protectin D1 (1OR,17S-dihydroxy-docosa-4Z,7Z,11E,13E,15Z,19Z-hexaenoic acid) and 15,16-dehydro-PD1 and their derivatives are useful in the treatment of airway inflammation, especially asthma.

Abstract: The invention relates to recombinant cells and their use in the production of 3,4-dihydroxybutyrate, 2,3-dihydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxybutyrolactone.

Abstract: A method is provided for preparing water-soluble polymer derivatives bearing a terminal carboxylic acid or ester thereof. The method involves the hydrolyzing an ortho ester of a water-soluble polymer so as provide the corresponding acid. In addition, the invention provides water-soluble polymers bearing a terminal carboxylic acid or ester thereof, intermediates and reagents useful in carrying out the method, as well as gels, pharmaceutical formulations, conjugates related to the described water-soluble polymer derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention provides a single step hydrolytic process for the conversion of lignocellulose, into value added chemicals wherein said process is catalyzed by at least one heterogeneous solid acid catalyst selected from a group comprising of zeolites, zeolites with Si/metal, mesoporous silica, oxides and phosphates, clays, ion-exchange resins, heteropolyacids, various sulfates, phosphates, selenates, crystalline materials and amorphous materials.

Abstract: A composition for administration to a subject, such as oral administration to a subject, for example, has been provided. Such a composition may comprise at least one magnesium-counter ion compound. A magnesium-counter ion composition described herein may be useful for any of a variety of applications provided herein, such as maintaining, enhancing, and/or improving health, nutrition, and/or another condition of a subject, and/or cognitive, learning, and/or memory function. A magnesium-counter ion composition provided herein may be useful for administration to a subject presenting magnesium deficiency, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ALS, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, migraine, anxiety disorder, mood disorder, and/or hypertension. A kit, method, and other associated technology are also provided.

Abstract: The present application relates to dietary supplements, in particular, a horse calming supplement comprising a calcium coordinated compound.

Abstract: Provided herein are inter alia novel compositions and methods having application in a variety of fields including the field of enhanced oil recovery, the cleaning industry as well as groundwater remediation. In particular, the alkoxy carboxylate compounds and mixtures thereof presented herein can be used, inter alia, for the recovery of a large range of crude oil compositions from challenging reservoirs.

Abstract: The present invention provides an amphiphile of the formula (I) as described hereinafter. The invention further relates to a process for preparing the amphiphile and to a composition comprising the amphiphile and a sparingly water-soluble active ingredient. It further relates to a process for producing the composition by contacting the amphiphile and the active ingredient, and to the use of the amphiphile for solubilizing a sparingly water-soluble active ingredient in aqueous solutions. The invention also relates to the use of the amphiphile in an agrochemical formulation comprising the amphiphile and a pesticide for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or unwanted vegetation and/or unwanted insect or mite infestation and/or for regulating the growth of plants, and finally to plant propagation material comprising the amphiphile.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for measuring the concentration of an analyte in a test solution wherein the analyte is mevalonic acid and/or 3-hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A, comprising the following steps (p) and (q): (p) a step of allowing an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction represented by Reaction Formula 1 and an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction represented by Reaction Formula 2 to act on a test solution containing mevalonic acid and/or 3-hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A in the presence of a hydrogen acceptor X, a hydrogen donor Y, and coenzyme A; and (q) a step of measuring an amount of: a reduced hydrogen acceptor X that is produced; or an oxidized hydrogen donor Y that is produced; or a hydrogen acceptor X that is decreased; or a hydrogen donor Y that is decreased, wherein the hydrogen donor Y and the reduced hydrogen acceptor X are not the same.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes a thermally-triggered intumescent material or a gas-triggered intumescent material. Such devices prevent or minimize short circuits in a device that could lead to thermal run-away. Such devices may include batteries or supercapacitors.

Abstract: The invention provides water-soluble compounds that include a polymer and at least one terminal azide or acetylene moiety. Also provided are highly efficient methods for the selective modification of proteins with PEG derivatives, which involves the selective incorporation of non-genetically encoded amino acids, e.g., those amino acids containing an azide or acetylene moiety, into proteins in response to a selector codon and the subsequent modification of those amino acids with a suitably reactive PEG derivative.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel resolvin compounds and pharmaceutical preparations thereof. The invention further relates to methods of treatment using the novel resolvin compounds of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing ether carboxylates.

Abstract: Novel oxidized lipids are provided herein, as well as methods for producing same, and uses thereof in treating or preventing an inflammation associated with endogenous oxidized lipids and related conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing ether carboxylates.

Abstract: The invention relates to the creation of mechanically activated amorphous and amorphocrystalline compounds and compositions of a gluconic acid calcium salt, pharmaceutical preparations based thereon, a method for producing same and use for treatment of a wide range of diseases caused by disorders of calcium metabolism in an organism. A concept of the invention, as being claimed and as set forth in the application, consists in that the crystalline gluconic acid calcium salt or its compound with excipients is treated in grinding activator devices either up to the input specific energy value of not greater than 10.4 kJ/g and achieving an amorphocrystalline state or up to the input specific energy value of no less than 10.5 kJ/g and achieving an amorphous state. The obtainable agents are assessed by means of X-ray diffraction, IR, NMR, EPR spectroscopy, mass- or chromato-mass-spectrometry, and a differential thermal analysis.

Abstract: A process for preparing parenteral iron-saccharidic complexes, and the complexes produced, comprising: (1) providing an aqueous solution or dispersion including (i) Fe(III) and (OH)? ions and (ii) at least one saccharide, to form a reaction mixture, where the molar ratio of (i): (ii) is about 30:1 to about 1:30; and the mixture temperature and pH are at or above the complex assembly point (CAP); and (2) maintaining temperature and pH at or above the CAP for a time sufficient to form an iron-saccharidic complex having a molecular weight of about 25,000 Daltons or more. Control of the temperature and pH efficiently produces a high molecular weight complex. The complex can be separated by precipitation, dialysis and/or column fractionation and, if desired, dried, e.g., lyophilized or spray dried. The process can controllably synthesize complexes of varying molecular weight and/or chemical composition, particularly sodium ferric gluconate and ferric hydroxide-sucrose.

Abstract: Compositions containing 5,6,7-trihydroxyheptanoic acid and analogs and their use for treating posterior segment ocular diseases and diseases characterized by cellular hyperproliferation or angiogenesis, are disclosed.

Abstract: Glyceryl ether compounds prepared by the reaction of glycerol and olefin epoxides are disclosed. The compounds are renewable biomass-based surfactants useful as detergents and emulsifiers in formulations for cleaning, laundry, personal care, cosmetics, and industrial uses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for converting ammonium salts of organic acids to the particular free organic acid, wherein an aqueous solution of the ammonium salt is contacted with an organic extractant and the salt is dissociated at temperatures and pressures at which the aqueous solution and the extractant are in the liquid state, and a stripping medium or entraining gas is introduced in order to remove NH3 from the aqueous solution and transfer at least a portion of the free organic acid formed to the organic extractant. The invention described here thus provides an improved process for releasing an organic acid, preferably a carboxylic, sulphonic or phosphonic acid, especially an alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid or beta-hydroxycarboxylic acid, from the ammonium salt thereof by release and removal of ammonia and simultaneous extraction of the acid released with a suitable extractant from the aqueous phase. This process corresponds to a reactive extraction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel compound and antidepressant composition that can be effectively used for improving depressed mood and depressed state, particularly for depressed mood and depressed state in menopausal women. The compound of the present invention is represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or an acetyloxy group, and n is an integer of 2 to 7, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof. This compound is used as an active ingredient in the antidepressant composition. Examples of the compound of the invention include (2E)-9,10-dihydroxy-2-decenoic acid, (2Z)-9,10-dihydroxy-2-decenoic acid, (2E)-9-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, and (2E)-7-acetoxy-2-heptenoic acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides bifunctional polymers, methods of preparing the same, and intermediates thereto. These compounds are useful in a variety of applications including the PEGylation of biologically active molecules. The invention also provides methods of using said compounds and compositions thereof.

Abstract: Derivative compounds of 11-nonyloxy-undec-8(Z)-eonic acid that mimic epoxide metabolites are provided. Also provided are compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the derivative compounds. The present invention further provides methods for the use of such compositions for the treatment of renal or cardiovascular disease and/or related conditions.

Abstract: A particulate polyglycolic acid resin composition suitable as a material for various forming processes in produced through a process characterized by comprising: cooling a polyglycolic acid resin composition having a residual glycolide content of at most 0.6 wt. % in a molten state by contact with an aqueous cooling medium to solidify the composition, and pelletizing the composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of hydroxybutyrate and poly hydroxybutyrate as components of animal feed or feed additives, as well as to compositions, feed additives and feed containing them. The inventors surprisingly found that hydroxybutyrate and poly-hydroxybutyrate, preferably 3-hydroxybutyrate and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, have a great potential for use in animal feed for modulation of the gut flora. More precisely, it has been found that poly-3-hydroxybutyrate or a microbial strain capable for producing poly-3-hydroxybutyrate can be used as a potential growth promoter or gut flora modulator by releasing SCFA, preferably 3-hydroxy butyric acid, in the gut micro flora. Further, the inventors found that 3-hydroxybutyrate and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate have a great potential for suppressing or inhibiting pathogenic bacteria in the gastro intestinal tract, e.g. have a antimicrobial activity against strains of Vibrio, E. coli and Salmonella.