Abstract: Novel substituted fluorene compunds of Formula I are active as melatonergic agents: ##STR1## wherein: X=H, halogen, OH or OZ;Z=C.sub.1-6 alkyl; --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --CF.sub.3 (m=0-2); CD.sub.3 ; or ##STR2## n=1 or 2; and R=C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, C.sub.2-4 alkenyl, halogen substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl, or C.sub.1-6 alkoxy substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl.

Abstract: A hydroxylamine derivatives of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represents alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, cycloalkyl group, haloalkyl group, haloalkynyl group, alkoxy - alkyl group, phenoxy - alkyl group, alkylthio - alkyl group, alkylsulfonyl - alkyl group, alkylamino - alkyl group, phenyl group, benzyl group, phenethyl group, cinnamyl group, pyridyl group, furyl group, thienyl group, X represents CO.sub.2, CO or SO.sub.2, and R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and n represents 0 or 1, and fungicides contain said compound as an active ingredient.The compounds of the present invention have excellent effects for controlling wood-rot fungi, plant diseases and fungi of humans and animals, and are useful as industrial, agricultural and medical fungicides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound selected from those of formula (I): ##STR1## in which A, R.sub.1, R'.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and n are as defined in the description, and medicinal product containing the same useful for treating a mammal afflicted with a disorder of the melatoninergic system.

Abstract: A process for producing an ethenyl amide compound, which comprises reacting a Schiff base compound having a carbon atom adjacent to a carbon atom constituting an imino group and at least one hydrogen atom on the carbon atom with an acylhalide at a reduced pressure while removing by-produced hydrogen halide by distillation to produce an ethenyl amide compound having an amide bond in the molecule and a double bond between carbons at .alpha.-position and .beta.-position with respect to the nitrogen atom of the amide bond.

Abstract: Fluorinated alkene compounds useful for controlling nematodes, insects, and acarids that prey on agricultural crops, these compounds having the formula BrCF.sub.2 CFClCH.sub.2 CO--R where R is R.sub.1 or R.sub.2. R.sub.1 is --SR.sub.5, halogen, --NHOH or --NR.sub.5 R.sub.6, where R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently H; an aliphatic or aromatic group; an aliphatic amine group; an aliphatic carboxylic acid group; or R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 when taken with the N of R.sub.1 are an amino acid or a cyclic group or R.sub.1 is --OR.sub.5, where R.sub.5 is an aliphatic or aromatic group; an aliphatic amine group; or an aliphatic carboxylic acid group. R.sub.2 is --SR.sub.5 or --NR.sub.5 R.sub.6, where R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently H; an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic group; an aliphatic amine group; an aliphatic carboxylic acid group; R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 when taken with the N of R.sub.2 are an amino acid or a cyclic group; R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 when taken with the N of R.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel contrast media particularly useful for X-ray diagnostic investigations of human and animal body.

Abstract: Provided is a method of producing a highly pure amide compound in a high yield, wherein a silazane compound and/or a silane compound having at least one silicone-nitrogen bond are added to a reaction mixture obtained by reacting an acylfluoride group-containing compound with an amino compound, wherein the amide compound is present together with hydrogen fluroide and/or the amine hydrofluoride, thereby removing the hydrogen fluoride and/or the amine hydrofluoride from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A novel hexa-cyclic compound, a derivative of camptothecin, of the general formula: ##STR1## The compound is prepared from an aminoketone compound and a pyranoindolizine compound by the condensation-ring closing reaction. It is abundantly water-soluble, and has an excellent antitumour activity and a high degree of safety, and can be applied as an antitumour medicine for curing tumors of various kinds.

Abstract: The present invention relates, by way of novel industrial products, to compounds which are structurally related to 15-deoxyspergualin and which have the formula ##STR1## in which: A is a single bond, a group --CH.sub.2 --, a group --CH.sub.2 O--, a group --CH.sub.2 NH--, a group --CH(OH)--, a group --CHF-- or a group --CH(OCH.sub.3)--, andn is equal to 6 or 8,and their addition salts.These novel compounds are useful especially as immunosuppressants. The invention further relates to the method of preparing said compounds.

Abstract: New compounds are described typically having the formula CH.sub.3 C(CH.sub.2 R).sub.3 or ZCH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.2 R).sub.3 where R is a fluorohydrocarbon or perfluorocarbon group, preferably containing 4-16 carbon atoms and more F atoms that H atoms. Z is a hydrophilic group which may make the compound self-emulsifiable. The compounds are useful as oxygen transport agents in vivo, for which purpose aqueous emulsions are used, as a blood substitute.

Abstract: A method of producing an aminobutene derivative of formula (I) by allowing a butenol derivative of formula (II) to react with an amide derivative of formula (III) is disclosed. The aminobutene derivative of formula (I) can be deprotected to produce an aminobutene derivative of formula (I-1) or an aminobutene derivative of formula (I-2): ##STR1## The aminobutene derivative of formula (I-A) can also be deprotected to produce the aminobutene derivative of formula (I-B). Any or all of the above aminobutene derivatives are useful as intermediates for producing anti-ulcer drugs, and anti-ulcer drugs having an inhibitory effect on gastric acid secretion based on the antagonism against histamine H.sub.2 receptor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound selected from those of formula (I): ##STR1## in which R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as defined herein for use in the treatment of a disorder of the melatoninergic system.

Abstract: Replacement with fluorine of the primary hydroxy group of 1-phenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol compounds wherein the secondary hydroxy group and the amino group have been suitably protected.The reaction is carried out with an inorganic fluoride in a polyglycol.New oxazoline compounds particularly useful in said process.

Abstract: There are provided with a novel N-substituted-3-halopropiolamide compound, a method of producing the compound, and a composition for controlling noxious organisms containing the compound. The present compound exhibits superior antimicrobial and antifungal effects. Pest control agents containing the compound can advantageously be used for wide applications.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for producing a (2S,5S)-2,5-diamino-1,6-diphenyl-3-hexanone derivative represented by the formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 means a lower alkylcarbonyl group, a halogen-substituted lower alkylcarbonyl group, an arylcarbonyl group or a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are identical with or different from each other and denote individually an aryl group or an alkoxy-substituted aryl group, which comprises subjecting a (2S)-2,5-diamino-1,6-diphenyl-4-hexen-3-one derivative represented by the formula (2): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the same meaning as defined above, to a hydrogenation reaction in the presence of a transition metal-containing catalyst.

Abstract: This invention pertains to perfluoropolyethers and perhalogenated chlorofluoropolyethers that can be prepared by fluorinating addition polymers made by polymerizing epoxides.

Abstract: Di-, tri- and poly-perfluoroalkyl-substituted alcohols and acids and derivatives thereof are described which are prepared from perfluoroalkyl iodides and di-, tri- or polyallyl alcohols or acids. These compounds contain two or more perfluoroalkyl-iodoalkyl or perfluoroalkyl-alkenyl groups and one or two alcohol or acid groups or derivatized alcohol or acid functions. They can be reacted with isocyanates, epoxy compounds, anhydrides, acids or acid derivatives to prepare a great variety of oil- and water-repellent compositions which are useful for oil- and water-repellent treatment of textiles, glass, paper, leather and other substrates.

Abstract: A compound which is selected from those of formula (I): ##STR1## in which A, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are as defined in the description, its optical isomers, and its addition salts thereof with a pharmaceutically-acceptable acid or base, and medicinal products containing the same which are useful for treating a disorder of the melatoninergic system.

Abstract: Agents for the diagnosis or treatment of hypoxic cells comprise a bioreductive moiety such as 2-nitroimidazole, and a metal chelating moiety which is a bis-amine oxime of which a carbon atom adjacent a nitrogen atom is linked to the bioreductive moiety. A chelated metal atom or ion preferably Technetium-99m. The agent diffuses into cells where the 2-nitroimidazole is reduced thus trapping the chelated metal in the cell.

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound of formula (IV): ##STR1## comprising a) contacting an oxazoline compound of formula (I): ##STR2## wherein Z is as defined hereinbefore, with a reagent capable of causing an equilibrium between oxazoline compound (I) and an oxazoline compound of formula (II) described herein, and the reagent drives the equilibrium toward oxazoline compound (II) by preferential precipitation of oxazoline compound (II);b) contacting compound (II) with a fluorinating agent to give a fluorinated oxazoline compound of formula (III) described herein; andc) hydrolyzing the compound of formula (III) to formula (IV). In an alternative embodiment, the process is directed toward a process for preparing oxazoline (II) in a single step.

Abstract: The present invention provides the compound having the structure: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently the same as or different from each other; when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same, each is a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino, cycloalkylamino, pyridineamino, piperidino, 9-purine-6-amine, or thiozoleamino group; when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are different, R.sub.1 =R.sub.3 --N--R.sub.4, wherein each of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently the same as or different from each other and are a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted, branched or unbranched alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkyloxy, aryloxy, arylalkyloxy, or pyridine group, or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 bond together to form a piperidine group and R.sub.2 is a hydroxylamino, hydroxyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino or alkyloxy group; and n is an integer from about 4 to about 8.

Abstract: A method for racemizing an optically active carboxylic acid, or ester thereof, of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkoxy, amino or substituted amino or the group ##STR2## is nitrile; R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are different and are hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched haloalkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl substituted cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkoxy, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryloxy, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkylthio, C.sub.3 to C.sub.8 cycloalkylthio, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 arylthio, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 arylcarbonyl, C.sub.4 to C.sub.8 cycloalkenyl, trifluoromethyl, halo, C.sub.4 to C.sub.5 heteroaryl, C.sub.10 to C.sub.14 aryl, or biphenyl unsubstituted or substituted with methyl or halo, comprising heating said optically active carboxylic acid or ester thereof in the presence of water at a temperature of from about 40.degree. C.

Abstract: Terpene derivatives of formula I, their preparation and their use. In formula I, R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkanoyl radical and R' represents a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical.

Abstract: This invention relates to new gem-diamino derivatives of general formula (I) ##STR1## where R is the side chain of an amino acid, of which any functional groups are suitably protected, andX is an acyl group chosen from the group consisting of 2-nitrobenzoyl, 4-chloro-butyryl, acetoacetyl, 4-bromo-butyryl, (2-nitrophenoxy)-acetyl and 2-methyl-2-(2'-nitro-phenoxy)propionyl, of use in introducing gem-diamino residues into retro-inverso peptides. The invention further relates to a method for the synthesis of retro-inverso peptides in which the gem-diamino residue or residues are introduced using the new compound (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an azomethine compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X represents a 5- or 6-membered cyclic amino group, R represents an aromatic group, and Ar represents an aromatic group having an aliphatic amino group in the para-position. The azomethine compounds disclosed are useful yellow dyes for photography, for various optical filters, for ink jet, for heat transfer printing, and for printing.

Abstract: New perfluoroaminoether polymers and a process for preparing them which comprises copolymerizing fluorinated olefins with oxaziridines in the presence of ultra-violet radiations or of chemical initiators.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for chlorinating, brominating and/or iodinating an organic substrate containing both a single acidic hydrogen atom and at least one electron withdrawing group attached to the same carbon atom. The process replaces the single acidic hydrogen with chlorine, bromine and/or iodine and involves reacting the substrate in solution with a halogenating agent (e.g., a perhalomethane wherein the halogen substituents are I, Br and/or Cl, a trihaloacetic acid ester wherein the halogen substituents are Br and/or Cl, or a perfluoroalkyl halide wherein the halide is I, Br and/or Cl) in the presence of (i) a phase transfer catalyst of the formula R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 LJ where L is selected from the group consisting of phosphorus and nitrogen, where J is an inorganic anion other than fluoride, and where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: Novel .omega.-mercaptopropanamides and their homologs of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and ##STR2## R.sub.1 ' is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms and aryl optionally substituted with at least one member of the group consisting of --OH, alkyl and alkoxy of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, --NO.sub.2 and halogen, n is an integer from 1 to 5, R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms and aryl and aralkyl of 6 to 15 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one member of the group consisting of alkyl and alkoxy of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, --OH, halogen and --CF.sub.3, R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of a) hydrogen, b) phenyl optionally substituted with at least one member of the group consisting of alkyl and alkoxy of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, --OH, --NO.sub.2, halogen, --CF.sub.

Abstract: An organic fluorine compound represented by the general formulaR.sub.f -(X).sub.h -R-Mwherein R.sub.f is a group selected from the following (a) and (b); ##STR1## X denotes a linking group selected from --O--, --S--, and --COO--, h denotes 0 or 1, R is a hydrocarbon chain comprising a phenylene group having an alkylene group with a total carbon number of 10 or more, or the derivative thereof, or an aliphatic alkylene group of a carbon number of 10 or more, and M is a group selected from --OH, --COOH, --SH, and --CONH.sub.2.The organic fluorine compound of the present invention greatly improves the dispersibility of magnetic powders in magnetic coating materials, has also an excellent rust prevention effect on metallic magnetic powders, and exhibits a marked dispersing effect even on fluorocarbon resin fine powders, which can be difficultly dispersed with conventional dispersing agents.

Abstract: A process for preparing a perfluoroalkyl-substituted compound is disclosed. The process comprises reacting a halopolyfluoroalkane having 1 to 20 carbon atoms with a compound selected from the group consisting of (1) a substituted or unsubstituted ethylene, (2) a substituted or unsubstituted acetylene and (3) a substituted or unsubstituted allylsilane, in the presence of a metal-carbonyl complex of the metal of the Group VIII of the Periodic Table. Alternatively, the reaction between the halopolyfluoroalkane and the substituted or unsubstituted allylsilane is effected under radical generating condition.

Abstract: Polysaccharide aldehydes having the formula Sacch--O--CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--CHO, Saach--O--CH.sub.2 --C.tbd.C--CHO, ##STR1## starch, cellulose, and gum aldehydes, are useful for imparting wet, dry, or temporary wet strength to paper. They are prepared by a non-oxidative method which involves reacting the polysaccharide base, in the presence of alkali, with a derivatizing acetal reagent having the general structure ##STR2## and then hydrolyzing the acetal by adjusting the pH to less than 7, preferably 2-4. In the formulas, n is 1-3; R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are independently an alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or alkaryl group when n is 1, R.sup.11 or R.sup.12 is one of the groups when n is 2, or R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are not present when n is 3; R.sup.13 is an alkyl group, optionally containing an ether linkage, or an aralkyl group; R.sup.14 and R.sup.15 are individually a hydrogen or a methyl group; R.sup.16, R.sup.17, and R.sup.18 are individually an alkyl group; Y.sup.

Abstract: A method of treating natural or synthetic polyamide or cellulosic textiles comprises applying an effective amount of an arylating agent, preferably to the dyebath. The arylating agent may be of a formula Ar--(X--Y).sub.n wherein Ar is an aromatic residue such as substituted or unsubstituted benzene or naphthalene ring; X is a bridging group such as --SO.sub.2, --CO-- or --NH--; Y is a reactive group; and n is 1 to 3. The arylating agent reduces fibre damage of natural polyamide fibres during dyeing and proves the degree of dye fibre reaction in dyeing of polyamide and cellulosic textiles to improve wet fastness. Furthermore, on cellulosic textiles, wet and dry wrinkle recovery properties are improved as is the yield of reactive dye fixation. On keratinous fibres shrink resistant and moth resistant properties are improved also. Certain novel arylating compounds are disclosed also.

Abstract: A haloacetamide compound of the following formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 heteroaryl group having one or two hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of O, S and N,R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, independently from each other, represent a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy group, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, taken together, represent a C.sub.2 -C.sub.16 alkylene group,R.sub.4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl group, a C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alkenyl grup or a C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alkynyl group, andY represents a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br and I;and its use as herbicide.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds which simultaneously contain a perfluorinated chain and a hydrogenated chain and which correspond to the general formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.F is a perfluoroalkyl radical, m an integer from 0 to 2, R.sub.H an alkyl radical, X an OH or NR.sub.1 R.sub.2 group, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen atoms or methyl radicals. The amides (X=NR.sub.1 R.sub.2) are prepared by photoamidation of the polyfluoroolefins R.sub.F --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --CH.dbd.CH--C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 where p is equal to 0 or 1 and n is an integer from 1 to 17, and the acids (X=OH) are prepared by hydrolysis of the amides thus obtained.The acids and their salts may be employed as surface-active agents or, as also the amides, as intermediates for the synthesis of such agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to acetamides of the formula (III), ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 stands for a halogenated alkyl group containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, preferably for a dichloro- or dibromoalkyl group;R.sup.2 stands for a straight or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group containing 2 to 6, preferably 3, carbon atoms;R.sup.3 stands for an alkyl group containing 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4, carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group of altogether 2 to 6, suitably 4 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together may stand for a propylene or butylene group;R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 stand independently from each other for hydrogen or a methyl group; andR.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together may stand for a propylene or butylene group.These compounds are antidotes and can be used along or together with herbicidal agents. The invention comprises such compositions and a process for the preparation of said compounds.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to fluorinated cationic compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f is a perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkoxy-perfluoroalkyl group;R.sub.1 is alkylene optionally interrupted by --O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --SO.sub.2 NR'--, --CO.sub.2 --, --NR'--, or --CONR'-- where R' is hydrogen or lower alkyl;m is 0, 1 or 2;R.sub.2 is linear or branched alkylene;R.sub.3, R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 independently of one another represent alkyl or arylalkyl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, cyano or by polyalkyleneoxy, or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached represent a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic radical or R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 together with nitrogen atom that links them represent a substituted or unsubstituted pyridine ring; andA.sup..crclbar. represents the anion of an organic or inorganic acid; and their particular use as surfactants.

Abstract: Compounds of formula ##STR1## in which n denotes an integer from 1 to 10 and X and Y, which are identical or different, each denote an electron-attracting group, are made by reacting a halogenating agent with a compound of formula ##STR2## in which R, X and Y are as hereinbefore defined, anionized by a base.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for opening the ring of gem dicyanepoxides comprising reacting a gem dicyanepoxide with a mononucleophilic compound in the presence of a hydrohalic acid or a weakly nucleophilic acid.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl or acyl, R.sub.2 is hydroxy, alkoxy or amino, is useful as an antidiabetic agent.

Abstract: Herbicidally active thiolcarbamates are employed in combination with a certain amide extender compound, the latter in sufficient quantity to minimize soil degradation and to prolong the soil life of the former. As a result, the herbicidal effectiveness of the thiolcarbamate herbicide is significantly enhanced and prolonged, rendering a single application or multiple applications of the herbicide effective over a longer period of time. Such herbicidal compositions can optionally contain a non-phytotoxic antidotally effective amount of thiolcarbamate herbicide antidote.

Abstract: The reaction of a zinc compound compound of formula IIICF.sub.3 CCl.sub.2 ZnCl.yL (III)wherein y is 1 or 2 and L is a solvent ligand selected from the group consisting of the N-disubstituted acid amides, N-substituted lactams and organic sulfoxides, with an aldehyde of formula IIR--CHO (II)wherein R is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical or an aliphatic or aromatic heterocyclic radical, gives 1-propanols of formula I ##STR1## in high yields.

Abstract: Compounds halogenated in the .alpha.-position to an electron-attracting group of formula ##STR1## in which X denotes a halogen atom, R denotes a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical or a radical --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --COOR.sub.1 and Z denotes a radical --CHO, --COR.sub.2, --COOR.sub.3, --CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, --CN, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.6, --NO.sub.2, --CO--(CH.sub.2)p--COO.sub.1 or --COO(CH.sub.2)p--COOR.sub.1 are made by a halogenating deacylation of a compound of formula ##STR2## in which R' denotes a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical, R" denotes a methyl radical and Z' denotes a radical --CHO, --COR.sub.2, --COOR.sub.3, --CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, --CN, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.6 or --NO.sub.2 or R' and R" may form a radical --(CH.sub.2)-- or R' and R" may form a radical --CO--(CH.sub.2)p-- or --COO(CH.sub.2)p--, using an alkali metal alcoholate or an alkali or alkaline-earth metal carbonate and a halogenating agent.

Abstract: New and more efficient chemical processes are provided for preparing (.alpha.S, 5S)-.alpha.-amino-3-chloro-2-isoxazoline-5-acetic acid (AT-125), (.alpha.S, 5S)-.alpha.-amino-3-bromo-2-isoxazoline-5-acetic acid (bromo AT-125) and the C-5 epimers thereof. The disclosed processes allow the above-mentioned antitumor agents to be produced in high yield and purity with substantially fewer steps than prior art chemical procedures.

Abstract: A process for preparing insecticidal N-acyl-tetrahydro-2-nitromethylene-2H-1,3-thiazines, intermediates involved therein and certain of the products.

Abstract: The invention relates to acetamides of the formula (III), ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 stands for a halogenated alkyl group containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, preferably for a dichloro- or dibromoalkyl group;R.sup.2 stands for a straight or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group containing 2 to 6, preferably 3, carbon atoms;R.sup.3 stands for an alkyl group containing 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4, carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group of altogether 2 to 6, suitably 4 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together may stand for a propylene or butylene group;R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 stand independently from each other for hydrogen or a methyl group; orR.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together may stand for a propylene or butylene group.These compounds are antidotes and can be used alone or together with herbicidal agents. The invention comprises such compositions and a process for the preparation of said compounds.

Abstract: A novel fluorinated cation exchange membrane containing carboxylic acid groups and sulfonic acid groups, both in the form of a specific pendant structure, the carboxylic acid groups being at least 20% on one surface of the membrane and gradually decreasing toward the innerside of the membrane, which membrane is useful in electrolysis of an aqueous alkali metal halide solution with advantageously stable performance for a long term under more severe operational conditions than those conventionally used. The membrane can be prepared from a novel copolymer of a fluorinated olefin with a novel sulfur containing fluorinated vinylether of the formula: ##STR1## wherein k is 0 or 1, l is an integer of 3 to 5, Z is --S-- or --SO.sub.2 -- and R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, an aryl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 perfluoroalkyl.

Abstract: A novel chemical, fluorochlorocyclopropane (I) of the following formula: ##STR1## is prepared by the addition of fluorochlorocarbene to the corresponding olefin (II) of the following formula:CH.sub.2 .dbd.CR.sup.1 -R.sup.2The compound is a useful intermediate for synthesizing some chemicals, e.g., some cephalosporins.(wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, halogen, 1 to 8C alkylamino, alkoxy, or alkylthio andR.sup.2 is halogen, 1 to 8C alkylamino, alkoxy, or alkylthio).

Abstract: A method for treating natural textile fibres and synthetic polyamide fibres to enhance their affinity for disperse dyestuffs which comprises treating the fibres with an aqueous solution or dispersion of an arylating agent. The arylating agent contains both a benzene or naphthalene ring and a reactive group, such as a halo-triazine group. The fibres may be treated by exhaustion from long liquors or by padding, and the affinity for disperse dyestuffs is considerably increased thereby.

Abstract: This invention relates to N-(2,2-dialkoxyethyl)-N-substituted-2-2-dichloroacetamides, their use as antidotes and herbicidal compositions containing these compounds.

Abstract: Cleavable cross-linking reagents having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R.sub.1 are lower alkyl or lower alkenyl groups having one to four carbon atoms and X is a halide. A preferred example of the invention is represented by the formula: ##STR2## Compounds of the present invention are useful in establishing cleavable cross links between sulfhydryl groups of protein molecules.