Abstract: A method of producing an aromatic amino compound by using a primary or secondary amine compound having an aromatic ring group and a halogenated aromatic compound as starting materials, reacting the amine compound with the halogenated aromatic compound in the presence of a copper catalyst and a base so as to produce the aromatic amino compound having a structure in which an aromatic ring group derived from the halogenated aromatic compound is coupled to the amino group of the amine compound, wherein the amine compound and the halogenated aromatic compound are reacted together under a condition where an aromatic oxycarboxylic acid having a hydroxyl group and a hydroxycarbonyl group that are bonded to neighboring carbon atoms, is made present together with the copper catalyst and the base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for separating an enantiomer mixture of (R)- and (S)-3-amino-1-butanol optionally protected on the oxygen atom, and to a process for preparing essentially enantiomerically pure (R)-3-amino-1-butanol which optionally bears a protecting group on the oxygen atom.

Abstract: An amorphous amide compound of the formula wherein R is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, an arylalkyl group, and combinations thereof. An amorphous diamide compound of the formula wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group, an arylene group, an alkylarylene group, an arylalkylene group, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are ?-galactosylceramide (?-GalCer) analogs and compositions thereof, methods of activating invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells using said analogs, methods of treating diseases by activating iNKT cells using said analogs, and combination therapy of said analogs.

Abstract: Ketoxime- and amide-functionalized nanomaterials. The nanomaterials including a nanomaterial comprising a carbon nanotube or a carbon nanofiber. At least one ketoxime group coupled to a first location on the nanomaterial, and at least one amide group coupled to a second location on the nanomaterial.

Abstract: A setting retarder for hydrate-forming binders is produced by reacting a first reactant A, including an amino acid and/or an amino acid derivative, with a second reactant C, including an amine-free carboxylic acid and/or an amine-free carboxylic acid derivative, in a reaction mixture to form a reaction product, the reaction mixture further containing at least one base, and alternatingly adding partial quantities of the at least one base and partial quantities of the second reactant C to the reaction mixture so that the reaction is carried out at a pH value in a range of from 7.5-11.5, wherein the setting retarder is in liquid or solid form.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of C16-C18-carboxylic acid dibutylamides in agrochemical formulations, agrochemical formulations which comprise such compounds and the use as tank mix additives.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for prolonging analgesic effect of a membrane permeable local anesthetic in a subject in need thereof. The method uses cinnamaldehyde as an adjuvant which, when administered prior to or simultaneously with the administration of a local anesthetic, prolongs the analgesic effect of the local anesthetic. Also disclosed herein is a method for providing analgesic effect in a subject in need thereof. The method uses cinnamaldehyde as an analgesic compound which, when administered alone to the subject in an analgesically effective amount, provides the analgesic effect.

Abstract: Cannabionid receptor-2 inverse antagonists include compounds represented by Formula IV, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein: R1 and R2 are independently H, alkyl, or alkenyl; R3 is alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl; R4 and R5 are independently a bond, alkylenyl, or alkenylenyl; each R6 and R7 is independently selected from the group consisting of OH, F, Cl, Br, I, (C1-C6)alkyl, alkoxy, amino, COOH, CONH2, SO3H, PO3H2, CN, SH, NO2 and CF3; and p and q are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. Such compounds may be used to treat osteoporosis or multiple myeloma.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chemically functionalized submicron graphitic fibril having a diameter or thickness less than 1 ?m, wherein the fibril is free of continuous thermal carbon overcoat, free of continuous hollow core, and free of catalyst. The fibril is obtained by splitting a micron-scaled carbon fiber or graphite fiber along the fiber axis direction. These functionalized graphitic fibrils exhibit exceptionally high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, high elastic modulus, high strength and good interfacial bonding with a matrix resin in a composite. The present invention also provides several products that contain submicron graphitic fibrils: (a) paper, thin-film, mat, and web products; (b) rubber or tire products; (c) energy conversion or storage devices, such as fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors; (d) adhesives, inks, coatings, paints, lubricants, and grease products; (e) heavy metal ion scavenger; (f) absorbent (e.g.

Abstract: Environmentally-friendly alternatives to organometallic antifoulants that are efficacious at preventing biofouling by organisms such as the zebra mussel. Preferred antifoulant compositions utilize compounds having a Lipophilic-Amide-Spacer-ElectroNegative (“LASEN”) structural motif, such as capsaicin, and compounds having a TetraHydroCannibinoid (“THC”) structural motif. The antifoulant compositions are non-toxic, and effective.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oil-in-water emulsified cosmetic composition, which contains an emulsion having (A) a sphingosine represented by formula (1), (B) an acid compound selected from inorganic acids and organic acids having 5 or less carbon atoms, and (C) a ceramide represented by formula (2); and another emulsion having (D) an oil component selected from polar oils and hydrocarbon oils, and (E) a surfactant. The oil-in-water emulsified cosmetic composition contains a ceramide and is excellent in emulsion stability.

Abstract: This invention provides a composition comprising Formula I, or salt thereof, wherein X is either chlorine or bromine, Y is either hydrogen or an alkyl group having a carbon chain length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R is an alkyl group having a carbon chain length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, except that X is not chlorine when Y is hydrogen and R is an ethyl group. A method of preventing bone erosion in a patient and a method of reducing inflammation in a patient using the compositions of Formula I are disclosed.

Abstract: Environmentally-friendly alternatives to organometallic antifoulants that are efficacious at preventing biofouling by organisms such as the zebra mussel. Preferred antifoulant compositions utilize compounds having a Lipophilic-Amide-Spacer-ElectroNegative (“LASEN”) structural motif, such as capsaicin, and compounds having a TetraHydroCannibinoid (“THC”) structural motif. The antifoulant compositions are non-toxic, and effective.

Abstract: This invention provides a convenient method for converting oximes into enamides. The process does not require the use of metallic reagents. Accordingly, it produces the desired compounds without the concomitant production of a large volume of metallic waste. The enamides are useful precursors to amides and amines. The invention provides a process to convert a prochiral enamide into the corresponding chiral amide. In an exemplary process, a chiral amino center is introduced during hydrogenation through the use of a chiral hydrogenation catalyst. In selected embodiments, the invention provides methods of preparing amides and amines that include the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-N-alkyl-1-naphthalenamine or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenamine substructure.

Abstract: The present application relates to methods for the functionalization of immunoglobulins, in particular with drugs.

Abstract: Cannabionid receptor-2 inverse antagonists include compounds represented by Formula IV, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein: R1 and R2 are independently H, alkyl, or alkenyl; R3 is alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl; R4 and R5 are independently a bond, alkylenyl, or alkenylenyl; each R6 and R7 is independently selected from the group consisting of OH, F, Cl, Br, I, (C1-C6)alkyl, alkoxy, amino, COOH, CONH2, SO3H, PO3H2, CN, SH, NO2 and CF3; and p and q are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. Such compounds may be used to treat osteoporosis or multiple myeloma.

Abstract: A CPT inhibitor compound is represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A pharmaceutical composition comprises a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A method of treating a subject having cancer comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A ligand design allows compact nanoparticle materials, such as quantum dots (QDs), with excellent colloidal stability over a wide range of pH and under high salt concentrations. Self-assembled biomolecular conjugates with QDs can be obtained which are stable in biological environments. Energy transfer with these ligands is maximized by minimizing distances between QDs/nanoparticles and donors/acceptors directly attached to the ligands or assembled on their surfaces.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein R1-R5, n and m have the same meaning as given in the description, having cooling properties are disclosed. Furthermore a process of their production and consumer products comprising them are disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds and methods related to NIR molecular imaging, in-vitro and in-vivo functional imaging, therapy/efficacy monitoring, and cancer and metastatic activity imaging. Compounds and methods demonstrated pertain to the field of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor imaging, metabolic imaging, cellular respiration imaging, cellular proliferation imaging as targeted agents that incorporate signaling agents.

Abstract: Methods and systems for reducing fouling, including particulate-induced fouling, in a hydrocarbon refining process including the steps of providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process and adding an antifouling agent containing a polymer base unit and a polyamine group to the crude hydrocarbon are provided. The antifouling agent can be obtained by converting a vinyl terminated polymer, such as polypropylene or poly(ethylene-co-propylene), to a terminal acyl containing functional group, followed by reacting the terminal acyl containing functional group with a polyamine compound.

Abstract: Compounds of formula wherein the variables are defined in the specification, are used in compositions which stimulate T cell responses.

Abstract: A mutant hydrolase optionally fused to a protein of interest is provided. The mutant hydrolase is capable of forming a bond with a substrate for the corresponding nonmutant (wild-type) hydrolase which is more stable than the bond formed between the wild-type hydrolase and the substrate. Substrates for hydrolases comprising one or more functional groups are also provided, as well as methods of using the mutant hydrolase and the substrates of the invention. Also provided is a fusion protein capable of forming a stable bond with a substrate and cells which express the fusion protein.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns a new class of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). The disclosure also includes the identification of a previously unknown membrane associated estrogen receptor. Methods for making and using the disclosed SERMs are disclosed, including pharmaceutical formulations of the disclosed novel compounds in useful compositions.

Abstract: Compounds and methods related to NIR molecular imaging, in-vitro and in-vivo functional imaging, therapy/efficacy monitoring, and cancer and metastatic activity imaging. Compounds and methods demonstrated pertain to the field of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor imaging, metabolic imaging, cellular respiration imaging, cellular proliferation imaging as targeted agents that incorporate signaling agents.

Abstract: Compounds of formula wherein the variable are defined in the specification, are used in compositions which stimulate T cell responses.

Abstract: A composition comprising a copolymer having repeating units in any sequence of Formula I wherein Rf is a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group which is optionally interrupted by at least one oxygen atom, X3 is oxygen or X1, each X1 is independently an organic divalent linking group, G is F or CF3, A is an amide, X2 is an organic linking group, Y is O, N or S, Z is H, a straight or branched alkyl group or halide, B is H or wherein Rf, X1, X3, G, and A are as defined above, and each W is independently various copolymer units.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel formamides derived from diamines or triamines. As compared to amines, these formamide-terminated compositions have a decelerated reactivity to polyisocyanates, that is, prepolymers.

Abstract: Prodrugs of levodopa, methods of making prodrugs of levodopa, methods of using prodrugs of levodopa, and compositions of prodrugs of levodopa are disclosed.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, Ar, A, n and m are defined herein, is disclosed as a GlyT1 inhibitor; pharmaceutical compositions containing the compound of the formula (I) are also disclosed as are their use in medicine, for example in the treatment of schizophrenia.

Abstract: [Summary] [Problem] Provision of a novel compound which is easily-soluble in isopropyl acetate superior in liquid-separation operability, and can be used for a production method of peptide and the like, that provides a final product simply by extraction-layer-separating, without crystallization and isolation of each intermediate in each step. [Solving Means] It has been found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by a particular branched chain-containing aromatic compound.

Abstract: A method and system for purifying crude glycerin is provided in which a mixture is formed by blending glycerin, water, an organic solvent, and an acid. The acid being capable of reacting with soap impurities to form lipids that are soluble in the organic solvent and ionic salts that are soluble in the glycerin and water. Liquid-liquid extraction separates and partitions the organic solvents and lipids away from the glycerin, water, and ionic salts with the organic solvent and lipids being reclaimed for future use. Any residual trace amount of organic solvent that remains in the glycerin and water is separated and removed through the use of a clarifier system, with the formation of micro-bubbles arising from a diffuser facilitating the separation. Prior to collection of the purified glycerin product, the ionic salts are removed from the mixture through the use of an ionic exchange resin, electrodialysis, or electrodeionization, followed by the water being removed by evaporation.

Abstract: A charge controlling agent is provided as a compound in which an amide group is introduced together with a sulfonic group or a derivative thereof. The charge controlling agent is characterized by including at least one compound represented by the chemical formula (2) in which an amide group is introduced together with at least one of a sulfonic group, a sulfonic acid ester, a sulfonic acid salt, and a sulfonic acid halide.

Abstract: Compounds comprising a peptide moiety, a linker moiety and a water-soluble polymer moiety such as a poly(ethylene glycol) moiety are disclosed. Various linker moieties for use in these compounds are also disclosed, along methods for their synthesis.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chemical compound having the structure: wherein R1 is an all group, aryl group, alkylaryl group or arylalkyl group with at least 23 carbon atoms, R2 is an alkylene group, arylene group, alkyarylene group or arylalkylene group with at least 2 carbons and X is a quaternary ammonium salt.

Abstract: This invention provides a convenient method for converting oximes into enamides. The process does not require the use of metallic reagents. Accordingly, it produces the desired compounds without the concomitant production of a large volume of metallic waste. The enamides are useful precursors to amides and amines. The invention provides a process to convert a prochiral enamide into the corresponding chiral amide. In an exemplary process, a chiral amino center is introduced during hydrogenation through the use of a chiral hydrogenation catalyst. In selected embodiments, the invention provides methods of preparing amides and amines that include the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-N-alkyl-1-naphthalenamine or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenamine substructure.

Abstract: Substituted amide and urea derivatives useful as inhibitors of Rho kinase are described, which inhibitors can be useful in the treatment of various disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, neurological diseases, renal diseases, bronchial asthma, erectile dysfunction and glaucoma.

Abstract: This invention concerns compounds of adamantanamines and neramexane, including their pharmaceutically-acceptable salts, diesterioisomers, and formulations for treating Alzheimer's related dementias, depression, AIDS related dementias, as antivirals, inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, and cerebral ischemia, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods of using such compositions for inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase activity in dental tissue. The compositions, methods and uses may prevent degradation of the bonding between restorative materials and dental tissues, thereby increasing durability and longevity of the restorative material-dental tissue bonds. For example, the compositions, methods, and uses of the present invention may be used for treating carious dental tissue such as by the creation of dental fillings, crowns, bridges, among other techniques, as well as the creation of esthetic laminate restorations.

Abstract: There are disclosed compound of formula I, in which R1 represents a hydrophobic moiety adapted to occupy the C? channel of human CDId, R2 represents a hydrophobic moiety adapted to occupy the A? channel of human CDId, such that R1 fills at least at least 30% of the occupied volume of the C? channel compared to the volume occupied by the terminal nC14H29 of the sphingosine chain of ?-galactosylceramide when bound to human CDId and R2 fills at least 30% of the occupied volume of the A? channel compared to the volume occupied by the terminal nC25H51 of the acyl chain of ?-galactosylceramide when bound to human CDId R3 represents hydrogen or OH, Ra and Rb each represent hydrogen and in addition, when R3 represents hydrogen, Ra and Rb together may form a single bond, X represents or —CHA(CHOH)nY or —P(=0)(0?)0CH2(CH0H)mY, in which Y represents CHB1B2, n represents an integer from 1 to 4, m represents 0 or 1, A årepresents hydrogen, one of B1 and B2 represents H, OH or phenyl, and the other represents hydrogen or o

Abstract: A method for processing biomass comprising heating an aqueous slurry comprising biomass, water and a phosphate catalyst in a pressure vessel at a temperature of about 150° C. to about 500° C. to produce a mixture comprising a dispersion of an organic phase and an aqueous phase.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein R1-R5, n and m have the same meaning as given in the description, having cooling properties are disclosed. Furthermore a process of their production and consumer products comprising them are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention concerns compounds of adamantanamines and neramexane, including their pharmaceutically-acceptable salts, diesterioisomers, and formulations for treating Alzheimer's related dementias, depression, AIDS related dementias, as antivirals, inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, and cerebral ischemia, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound of the formula or a mixture thereof; wherein R and R? are the same or different, and wherein R and R? are independently selected from an alkyl group, an arylalkyl group, or an alkylaryl group, wherein the alkyl group, the arylalkyl group, or the alkylaryl group has from about 18 to about 60 carbon atoms; and wherein m is an integer of from about 1 to about 30.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chemically functionalized submicron graphitic fibril having a diameter or thickness less than 1 ?m, wherein the fibril is free of continuous thermal carbon overcoat, free of continuous hollow core, and free of catalyst. The fibril is obtained by splitting a micron-scaled carbon fiber or graphite fiber along the fiber axis direction. These functionalized graphitic fibrils exhibit exceptionally high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, high elastic modulus, high strength and good interfacial bonding with a matrix resin in a composite. The present invention also provides several products that contain submicron graphitic fibrils: (a) paper, thin-film, mat, and web products; (b) rubber or tire products; (c) energy conversion or storage devices, such as fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors; (d) adhesives, inks, coatings, paints, lubricants, and grease products; (e) heavy metal ion scavenger; (f) absorbent (e.g.

Abstract: Provided are a method for evaluating evenness of suplatast tosilate crystals; stable suplatast tosilate crystals exhibiting evenness in optical purity; and a method for producing the suplatast tosilate crystals. The method for evaluating evenness of suplatast tosilate crystals includes: (a) a step of adding a solvent to suplatast tosilate crystals to thereby dissolve 3% or less of the crystals in the solvent, and subjecting a portion of the supernatant of the resultant suspension to optical purity measurement, and (b) a step of adding a solvent to the remaining suspension to thereby dissolve the entirety of the suspension in the solvent, and subjecting a portion of the resultant solution to optical purity measurement, wherein the optical purity as measured in the step (a) is compared with the optical purity as measured in the step (b). The suplatast tosilate crystals exhibits excellent evenness and thermal stability. The method for producing the suplatast tosilate crystals is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a modifying agent comprising a water soluble polymer, wherein the water soluble polymer comprises at least one reactive selenium group, said reactive selenium group being capable of reacting with a thiol group thereby forming an —Se—S— bond. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing said modifying agents and their use in the modification of pharmaceutically active agents, e.g. G-CSF. Additionally, the invention concerns conjugates comprising a water-soluble polymer and a pharmaceutically active agent, wherein the water-soluble polymer is linked via a S—Se-bond to agent and a method for their production and their use as medicaments. Finally, the invention concerns a pharmaceutical composition comprising the inventive conjugates.

Abstract: Polyamine, polyamine/guanidino, and polyamine/biguanide compounds bearing allene, propargyl, cyclopropyl, and other reactive moieties are disclosed. The compounds are useful as irreversible inhibitors of the enzyme lysine-specific demethylase-1 and for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: Provided is a novel extractant for palladium capable of improving an extraction rate compared to the conventional extractant, DHS, and also capable of back-extracting palladium using an ammonia solution, and a method of separating and recovering palladium using the novel extractant.