Abstract: A process for preparing an hydroxyketone of the formula (X): ##STR1## wherein Ar represents substituted phenyl, aromatic heterocyclic, or substituted aromatic heterocyclic; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents hydrogen, C-1 to C-16 alkyl, aromatic, substituted aromatic, aromatic heterocyclic, substituted aromatic heterocyclic or C-1 to C-5 alkyl covalently bonded to Ar, with the provision that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are different. The process comprises contacting a compound of the formula (V): ##STR2## with a solvent, a base and a chiral hydroxylating agent at a temperature of about -85.degree. C. or less.Compounds of the formulae ##STR3## also are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to structurally novel acyclic tocotrienol analogs, which are useful for cholesterol/lipid lowering in cases of hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia, and for atherosclerosis. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions and a method of use employing those compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to naphthalene dicarboxylic acids or naphthalene dicarboxylic esters substituted with aroyl groups. More particularly, this invention relates to the following compounds: dialkyl 1-benzoyl-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate, 7-C1-C.sub.8 -alkoxycarbonyl-1-C1-Cs-alkoxy-l-aryl(1,3-H.sub.2 naphtho {1,2-c} furan-3-ones), and dialkyl 1-(2-naphthoyl)-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate. The compounds are useful in any polymer composition where dicarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic esters are used especially in poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate) compositions where reduced fluorescence is desired.

Abstract: There are provided 4-Hydroxy-2'-nitrobutyrophenone and tetrahydro-2-(o-nitrophenyl)-2-furanol and mixtures thereof, important intermediates in the preparation of the crop-selective herbicidal agent 1-{[o-(cyclopropylcarbonyl)phenyl]sulfamoyl}-3-(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidiny l)urea. Also provided is a method for the preparation of 4-halo-2'-nitrobutyrophenone, useful as an intermediate in the preparation of 1-{[o-(cyclopropylcarbonyl)phenyl]sulfamoyl}-3-(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidiny l)urea.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel sunscreen agents which have the ability to absorb both UVA and UVB wavelength radiation. The sunscreen agents comprise a specific type of UVA-absorbing chromophore covalently bonded to a specific type of UVB-absorbing chromophore. The chromophore moieties are covalently bonded together such that the electron systems of these moieties are not directly coupled.The present invention further relates to sunscreen compositions containing the hereinbefore described type of sunscreen agents. Furthermore, the present invention relates to methods for protecting the skin of humans or lower animals from the effects of UVA and UVB wavelength radiation. This method comprises topically applying to the skin an effective coating of a sunscreen composition of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel sunscreen agents which have the ability to absorb both UVA and UVB wavelength radiation. The sunscreen agents comprise a specific type of UVA-absorbing chromophore covalently bonded to a specific type of UVB-absorbing chromophore. The chromophore moieties are covalently bonded together such that the electron systems of these moieties are not directly coupled.The present invention further relates to sunscreen compositions containing the hereinbefore described type of sunscreen agents. Furthermore, the present invention relates to methods for protecting the skin of humans or lower animals from the effects of UVA and UVB wavelength radiation. This method comprises topically applying to the skin an effective coating of a sunscreen composition of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel sunscreen agents which have the ability to absorb both UVA and UVB wavelength radiation. The sunscreen agents comprise a specific type of UVA-absorbing chromophore covalently bonded to a specific type of UVB-absorbing chromophore. The chromophore moieties are covalently bonded together such that the electron systems of these moieties are not directly coupled.The present invention further relates to sunscreen compositions containing the hereinbefore described type of sunscreen agents. Furthermore, the present invention relates to methods for protecting the skin of humans or lower animals from the effects of UVA and UVB wavelength radiation. This method comprises topically applying to the skin an effective coating of a sunscreen composition of the present invention.

Abstract: A polysaccharide derivative prepared by replacing a part or the whole of hydrogen atoms of hydroxyl and/or amino groups of a polysaccharide with one or more atomic groups represented by the following formula (1), (2) or (3) is new and useful for the separation of optical isomers: ##STR1## wherein the number of carbon atoms constituting R is 1 to 30 and R is a group having at least one asymmetric center.

Abstract: The bis-homotris compounds 4-amino-4-[1-(3-hydroxypropyl)]-1,7-heptanediol and 4-[1-(3-aminopropyl)]-4-[1-(3-hydroxypropyl)]-1, 7-heptanediol, and organic synthetic methods for their preparation are described. Unique multifunctional aminotriols, as well as their percursors, quaternary nitroalkanes are disclosed as building blocks for unimolecular micelles, as well as new series of cascade polymers. The quaternary nitro compounds which are disclosed allow the synthesis of a new aminotriol containing a quaternary carbon.

Abstract: Composition containing a) a polymer containing chlorine and b) at least one compound of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 hydroxyalkyl, phenyl, hydroxyphenyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 phenylalkyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 phenylalkyl which is substituted on the phenyl ring by an OH group, and R.sub.2 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyphenyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 phenylalkyl which is substituted on the phenyl ring by an OH group, subject to the condition that R.sub.2 is other than hydroxyphenyl if R.sub.1 is phenyl or hydroxyphenyl, and/or at least one compound of the formula I in which the OH groups present in the radicals R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have been replaced by C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alkanoyloxy.The compounds of the formula IA ##STR2## in which R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 hydroxyalkyl, phenyl, hydroxyphenyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 phenylalkyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 phenylalkyl which is substituted on the phenyl ring by an OH group, are novel.

Abstract: Composition containing a chlorine-containing polymer and at least one compound of the formula IA ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, phenyl, phenyl which is substituted by one to three C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl groups, C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 phenylalkyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 phenylalkyl which is substituted on the phenyl ring by one to three C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl groups and R.sup.1 is additionally --R.sup.2 --X--R.sup.3, R.sup.2' is C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkylene, R.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkoxycarbonyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkanoyl and X is oxygen or sulfur.Compounds of the formula IA in which R.sup.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing aromatic derivatives are produced by the reaction of di(haloacyl)peroxide represented by the general formula: ##STR1## (wherein X stands for a fluorine, chlorine, or hydrogen atom and n for an integer of the value of 1 to 10) with aromatic unsaturated monomers represented by the general formula: ##STR2## (wherein Y stands for hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl, acetyl, propionyl, acetyloxy, propionyloxy, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, vinyl, isopropenyl, or nitro group, or a halogen atom, R.sup.1 for hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl group, R.sup.2 for hydrogen atom, methyl or phenyl group, and m for an integer of the value of 1 to 5).

Abstract: Fluorine-containing carbonyl compounds of the formula ##STR1## and its optically active isomers, which are useful for liquid crystal, bioactive substances, medicines, agricultural medicines such as fungicides, herbicides and hormones, organic functional materials and LB membranes, prepared by the reaction with trifluoro acetoaldehyde and RCOCH.sub.3, wherein R is a substituted or not-substituted lower alkyl group, preferably a lower alkyl having not more than 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or not-substituted aromatic group or a substituted or not-substituted arylalkyl group.

Abstract: Propiolophenone derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.6 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or a group of the formula ##STR2## as well as corresponding hydroxy compounds of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sup.6' is hydrogen, lower alkyl, a group of formula (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) or a group of the formula--C(R.sup.14)(R.sup.15)OR.sup.16' (f'):exhibit mucosa-protective and/or gastric acid secretion-inhibiting properties, such that they can be used for the control or prevention of illnesses of the gastrointestinal tract, especially against gastric ulcers and/or duodenal ulcers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel fluorinated pre-polymer and novel process steps in producing the same. The pre-polymers are quinoxaline materials derived by reaction of diketone linkage containing perfluoro-compounds with an aromatic diamine. The diketone is produced by a bis-ketone. The polychloroketone is produced by reacting a keto-ylid with a chlorinating agent, e.g., chlorine. The keto-ylid is produced by oxidatively dechlorinating a polychloroketone which may be a monoketone or reacting a phosphorane with an acid halide of a polyoxy-perfluoroalkylene oxide wherein the perfluoro-oxyalkylene group contains two or three carbon atoms, and there are present from two or twenty perfluoro-oxyalkylene units in the oligomer. The quinoxalines, the polychloroketones and the diketones hereof are novel products. Cross-linking may be effected with a free radical generator.

Abstract: Perfluoropolyether oligomers or block polymers, having a backbone with one or a plurality of perfluoropolyether segments each consisting essentially of (1) at least one perfluoroisopropyleneoxy unit, (2) a bis(perfluoromethyleneoxy-terminated) unit, and (3) a perfluoroethylidene unit terminating each segment, the backbone of the perfluoropolyether being terminated with COF and/or a functional or nonfunctional derivative thereof, said perfluoropolyethers being made by reacting a perfluoroaliphatic diacid fluoride with hexafluoropropylene epoxide to produce an acid fluoride-terminated perfluoropolyether adduct or oligomer which then can be photopolymerized to yield an acid fluoride-terminated perfluoropolyether block polymer. These oligomers and block polymers are useful as high temperature lubricants, hydraulic fluids, gaskets, adhesives and coatings as well as co-reactants wtih urethane in forming propellant binders.

Abstract: Pharmaceutically useful optically active .alpha.-arylalkanoic acids or esters, ortho esters, or amides thereof are stereoselectively prepared by contacting an aryl magnesium Grignard reagent with an optically active .alpha.-substituted acyl halide to form the optically active aryl .alpha.-substituted alkyl ketone, which is ketalized and rearranged to the desired optically active .alpha.-arylalkanoic acid or the corresponding ester, ortho ester or amide. In an alternate embodiment, the aryl .alpha.-substituted alkyl ketone is reduced to the corresponding alkanol, which is rearranged to the .alpha.-arylalkanal. The alkanal so produced is converted to the desired optically active .alpha.-arylalkanoic acid by conventional methods.

Abstract: Triazolyl-alkanones or triazolyl-alkanols of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or substituted aryl, andR.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or substituted aryl, orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are joined to form an aliphatic ring, andA is a keto group or a CH(OH) group,or a salt thereof which possess fungicidal, microbicidal and plant-growth regulating properties.

Abstract: .alpha.-Arylalkanoic acids or esters, orthoesters or amides thereof are prepared by forming an .alpha.-hydroxy ketal or thioketal of an aryl alkyl ketone, activating the .alpha.-hydroxy substituent with an esterifying agent to form the corresponding ketal or thioketal ester substrate, wherein the ester group is sufficiently labile to non-catalytically disassociate from the substrate in a protic or dipolar, aprotic solvent, maintaining the ester substrate in contact with the protic or dipolar, aprotic solvent or mixtures thereof for a time sufficient to form the corresponding .alpha.-arylakanoic acid or ester, orthoester or amide thereof, and optionally concomitantly or sequentially hydrolyzing any ester, orthoester or amide formed to the corresponding .alpha.-arylalkanoic acid.

Abstract: Certain fatty acids, esters and alcohol derivatives useful as electrical tree and water tree resistant compounds in polymer compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds, having fungicidal and plant growth regulatory properties, of the formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein Z is --CH.dbd. or .dbd.N--; R.sup.1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, optionally substituted aryl especially phenyl, or aralkyl; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, optionally-substituted aryl especially phenyl or aralkyl; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, which may be the same or different, are alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl, or together form a bridging group linking X and Y; R.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl or aryl; R.sup.6 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or acyl; and X and Y, which may be the same or different, are oxygen or sulphur; and acid salts and metal complexes thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each selected from halomethyl and halo and R is nitro, cyano, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, or di- or trifluoromethyl, and n has a value of zero to four, and compositions comprising them are useful as insecticides in agriculture, horticulture and other outlets. They may optionally be combined with other pesticides and/or synergists. The compounds may be prepared by conventional esterification processes from the corresponding acids and appropriately substituted benzyl alcohols or halides, some of which are novel.

Abstract: A method for producing an aromatic carbonyl compound represented by the formula (B)-1 or (B)-2: ##STR1## comprising decomposing a hydroperoxide represented by the formula (A)-1 or (A)-2: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are defined in the specification, in an inert gas atmosphere in the presence of an aqueous layer containing an iron salt, a copper salt and an acid is disclosed. Novel m-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)acetophenone and m-isopropenylacetophenone which are useful as an intermediate for the preparation of medicines are also disclosed. A method for producing m-isopropenylacetophenone comprising dehydrating m-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)acetophenone in the presence of an acid catalyst is further disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, chlorine, phenyl, dialkylamino of 2-4 carbon atoms or alkyl or alkoxy each of up to 18 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine or alkyl or alkoxy each of up to 4 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, which can be the same or different, each is hydrogen or alkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.5 is hydrogen or alkyl or alkanoyl each of up to 4 carbon atoms; and R.sub.6 is hydrogen or methyl, with the proviso that not all of R.sub.1 to R.sub.6 simultaneously are hydrogen, are effective photosensitizers, especially for photopolymerization of unsaturated compounds and for hardening of printing dyes.

Abstract: Arylglyoxals which are new compounds, active as hypoglycemic agents.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are equal or different alkyl-, alkoxyalkyl-, or aryl groups, or together form a ring; R.sub.3 is an allyl or benzyl radical; and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 represent hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkenyl or further compounds of the formula II: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 have the meaning indicated above and R.sub.6 stands for hydrogen or methyl or to compounds which are modified by the addition of hydrogen to at least one olefinic or carbonylic double bond of compounds of the general formula I or II. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the new compounds. The compounds of the general formula II are obtained by thermal treatment of a selection of compounds of formula I, for which R.sub.3 stands for the allyl or methallyl radical. The compounds according to the invention are used as fragrant and flavoring substances.

Abstract: Terephthaldialdehyde monoacetals represented by the general formula: ##STR1## (wherein, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are lower alkyl groups) are novel compounds, and they are produced by the reaction of terephthaldialdehyde with alcohols in the presence of a strongly acidic substance as a catalyst.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is hydrogen, halogen or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy;X is oxygen; NR.sup.3 in which R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, or -Y-R.sup.2 ; --C.dbd.O; or --CHOH;Y is --CH.sub.2 --CHOH, and when X is --C.dbd.O it may also be --CH.dbd.CH--; andR.sup.2 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl, one carbon atom of which is di- or tri-halogenated;or salts thereof, are useful in promoting growth of ruminants. Processes for their production, veterinary formulations and treatments are described.

Abstract: Aromatic-aliphatic ketones of the formulae I, II, III or IV ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2, Ar is an aryl radical, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are monvalent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic radicals, R.sup.3 is a direct bond or a divalent organic radical, X is a hydroxyl or amino group or the monovalent etherification or silylation products thereof, and X' is a divalent amino, ether or silyloxy group, Y is a direct bond or CH.sub.2 and Z is O, S, SO.sub.2, CH.sub.2 or C(CH.sub.3).sub.2, are suitable sensitizers for the photopolymerization of unsaturated compounds and for the photochemical crosslinking of polyolefins. Some of these compounds are novel and can be obtained by methods analogous to those for obtaining the known compounds of this type.

Abstract: The invention includes novel alkali metal complex compounds (and processes for their preparation) which are useful, inter alia for the hydrogenation of alkali metals at room temperature or below room temperature to form hydrides or nitrides.

Abstract: Compounds are provided having the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is lower alkyl; phenyl-lower alkyl; phenyl; substituted phenyl wherein the phenyl group bears one or two halogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylothio, cyano or nitro groups; 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic heterocyclics containing one hetero atom, namely, O, S or N, such as furanyl, pyridinyl or thiophenyl; and substituted heterocyclics wherein any of the above heterocyclics bears one halogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, cyano or nitro group;R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be the same or different and each may be hydrogen, lower alkyl, halogen, phenyl, or substituted phenyl wherein the phenyl group bears one halogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, cyano or nitro group.The above compounds as well as acid-addition salts thereof are useful as antimicrobial agents.

Abstract: Tertiary alcohols of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Y.sup.1 represents a carbonyl or hydroxymethylene group, and either(i) A.sup.1 represents a direct bond and R.sup.1 represents a phenyl group which may optionally carry one or more substituents selected from halogen atoms, straight- or branched-chain alkyl or alkoxy groups, each containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the trifluoromethyl group, or(ii) A.sup.1 represents a straight- or branched-chain alkylene group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, or a phenyl, phenoxy or phenylthio group each of which may optionally carry one or more substituents selected from halogen atoms, straight- or branched-chain alkyl or alkoxy groups, each containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the trifluoromethyl group, are new compounds of use in the field of mammalian reproduction and also of use in the control of insects and acarines.

Abstract: Color-forming precursor compositions comprising a metal-complexing compound having a plurality of ligand groups and color-activating compositions comprising transition metal salts of oleophilic, organic acids are combined to form dark, permanent images on substrates. The methods and compositions are particularly useful for providing permanent fingerprints and other dermographs.

Abstract: This disclosure describes substituted 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and substituted 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidines which possess anxiolytic activity.