Abstract: Provided herein are thiosuccinyl-crosslinked hemoglobin analogs useful as blood replacement agents, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and the methods of use and preparation thereof.

Abstract: A process for derivatization of an elemental carbon surface comprising exposing the carbon surface to a reaction mixture containing a thiol and a free radical initiator, and inducing decomposition of the initiator to free radicals so that moieties from the thiol become covalently attached to the carbon surface. The process can derivatize carbon with a redox active compound having a functional group which can be converted electrochemically between reduced and oxidized forms. Such derivatized carbon may be used in an electrode of an electrochemical sensor.

Abstract: This disclosure is related to halonium compounds useful for cyclization of polyenes, alkenoic acids, and alkenyl alkyl ethers, and halogenation of aromatic compounds. The synthesis of such halonium compounds, compounds made using such halonium compounds, and synthesis of natural compounds, including decalins, using the halonium compounds is also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds useful as antiproliferative agents according to formula (I): wherein Ar1, Ar2, Ar3, m and n are as defined herein, salts, antibody conjugates, pharmaceutical compositions, methods of treatment, and synthetic methods are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing acrolein from glycerol or glycerin, according to which dehydration of glycerol or glycerin is carried out in the presence of a catalyst which consists in at least one silica modified with zirconium dioxide, titanium dioxide or tungsten trioxide or any combination of these oxides, and a heteropolyacid. This method may be used for making 3-(methylthio)propionic aldehyde (MMP), 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyronitrile (HMBTN), methionine or its analogs, from acrolein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photocurable composition prepared using mercapto benzophenone compounds as key raw materials. The present invention aims to solve the problems existing in the prior photo-curing technology that low-molecular photoinitiators are easy to remain and migrate, while macromolecular photoinitiators has low initiation efficiency due to a low content of effective components and also has the problem of certain migration. The photocurable composition in the present invention can be easily prepared and has high addition efficiency with ethylenically unsaturated compounds, and the photocurable composition obtained by addition has no residual mercapto and has features of high initiation activity and zero migration rates when it is used in photocurable coatings, binder and ink formula.

Abstract: A process for producing an ?-hydroxyketone compound, which comprises subjecting an aldehyde compound to a coupling reaction in the presence of an alkoxyimidazolidine compound represented by the formula (1) wherein R1? and R2? independently represent a hydrogen atom, etc., R3? and R4? independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, etc. and R5? represents an alkyl group.

Abstract: A description is given of (4-haloalkyl-3-thiobenzoyl)cyclohexanediones of the formula (I) and of their use as herbicides. In this formula (I), X, Y, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are radicals such as hydrogen and organic radicals such as alkyl. A and Z are oxygen or alkylene.

Abstract: Cyclohexanedione compounds, and derivatives thereof, which are substituted in 5-position, are suitable for use as herbicides. The cyclohexanedione compounds and derivatives of the invention are compounds of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in the description.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for synthesizing aromatic thioether ketones comprising reacting an aromatic thioether with an acylating agent in the presence of heteropoly acids or heteropoly acid-containing solid supports or the salts of heteropoly acids.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards a new class of semi-conducting nonacene derivatives. These compounds are all soluble species and they all possess superior resistance to oxidation as compared to their counterparts that lack the substitution patterns disclosed herein.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I), wherein X is a single bond, CRaRbO, S, NRc or NCORc; Z is formula (II) or C3-C20heteroaryl; L, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7 and L8 for example independently of one another are hydrogen or an organic substituent; Ra, Rb and Rc independently of one another are hydrogen or an organic substituent; R is for example is C5-C20heteroaryl or C6-C14 aryl; and Y is an inorganic or organic anion; are suitable as photolatent acid generators.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new class of terpene-derived compounds having an antibiotic activity and of the formulae (I) or (II) in which A is selected from NR1, O, S, CR2R3 or R—(CH2)n—R?, wherein R and R? represent independently NH, O, S or CH2, and in which R1, R2 et R3 are substituents and n is higher than or equal to 1, in particular equal to 2. The invention relates to the compound according to both the formula (I) or the formula (II) taken individually, to mixtures of the two compounds, and to compositions, mainly therapeutic ones, comprising at least one of the compounds or said mixture. According to a particular embodiment, the compound ((I) or (II) taken individually, the mixtures of both compounds and the compositions of the invention are used in the treatment of difficult C-related digestive infections. In one particular embodiment, the compound of the formula (I) is margaucine, a compound produced by a bacterial stem.

Abstract: Waste reduction, including hazardous waste reduction in photoimaging processes can be accomplished by improving diffusional resolution of cationic curable compositions. The addition of fluorinated polymers including fluorinated surfactants provides improved diffusional resolution in cationic and/or radical based photoimaging formulations allowing for image accuracy improvements, and reduced product and process waste quantity and disposal cost. These fluorinated surfactants also allow for increased cure speed, and non-hazardous constituent formulations that result in less wasted material and time.

Abstract: A compound comprising a cyclopentanone, cyclopentenone, cyclohexanone or cyclohexenone group, wherein a first ring carbon atom carries an —SR substituent, R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl, or aralkynyl group that, optionally, includes at least one heteroatom in its carbon skeleton, the remaining available ring carbon atoms are optionally substituted, and said compound either: —(a) is more soluble in water at a temperature of 20-40° C.; (b) is less lipophilic; and/or, (c) has a greater therapeutic index; or; (d) is less soluble in water at a temperature of 20-40° C.; (e) is more lipophilic; and/or, (f) has a greater therapeutic index; than an equivalent cyclohex-2-en-1-one or cyclopent-2-en-1-one derivative in which a hydrogen atom replaces said —SR group.

Abstract: Cyclohexanedione compounds, and derivatives thereof, which are substituted in 5-position, are suitable for use as herbicides.

Abstract: There is provided an organic sulfur compound having an excellent controlling effect on harmful arthropods represented by the formula (I): wherein, R1 represents a C3-C10 alkenyl group optionally substituted with at least one halogen atom, a C3-C10 alkynyl group optionally substituted with at least one halogen atom, or the like, R2 represents a cyano group or the like, R3 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl group, R4 represents a C1-C5 fluoroalkyl group, and n represents 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: A photoinitiator compound is functionalized with alkoxy groups so as to be soluble in alkoxy-containing monomers. The photoinitiator has a formula of R1—(OR2)n—OC(?O)—R3, wherein R1—(OR2)n— represents an alkoxy group and R3 represents a photoinitiator structure. The photoinitiator may be used in a composition for incorporation into inks.

Abstract: Compounds useful as antiproliferative agents according to formula (I): wherein Ar1, Ar2, Ar3, m and n are as defined herein, salts, antibody conjugates, pharmaceutical compositions, methods of treatment, and synthetic methods are provided.

Abstract: Novel mercaptophenyl naphthyl methane compounds, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and compositions comprised thereof are useful for the prevention or treatment of various medical indications associated with estrogen dependent diseases or syndromes related to osteoporosis, bone loss, bone formation, cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, menopausal disorders, physiological disorders, diabetes disorders, prostatic carcinoma, cancer of breast, cancer of uterus, cancer of the cervix and cancer of the colon, threatened or habitual abortion, obesity, ovarian development or function, post-partum lactation and depression.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I), L, L?, L?, L1, L?1, L?1, L2, L?2, L?2, L3, L?3, L?3, L4, L?4, L?4, L5, L?5, L?5, L6, L?6, L?6, L7, L?7, L?7, L8, L?8 and L?8 independently of one another are hydrogen or an organic substituent; and/or one or more of the pairs L3 and L5, L?3 and L?5 or L?3 and L?5 together denote a single bond, provided that the respective X, X? or X? is not a single bond; and/or L3 and L5, L?3 and L?5 or L?3 and L?5 together denote an organic linking group; and/or one or more of the pairs L1 and L3, L1 and L, L5 and L7, L?1 and L?3, L?1 and L?, L?5 and L?7, L?1 and L?3, L?1 and L?, or L?5 and L?7, together denote an organic linking group; provided that at least one of L, L?, L?, L1, L?1, L?1, L2, L?2, L?2, L3, L?3, L?3, L4, L?4, L?4, L5, L?5, L?5, L6, L?6, L?6, L7, L?7, L?7, L8, L?8 and L?8 is other than hydrogen; X, X? and X? independently of one another are a single bond, CRaRb O, S, NRc or NCORc; Ra, Rb and Rc independently of one another are hydrogen or an organic substituent; and Y is an ino

Abstract: A stimulation sensitive composition comprising: (A) a compound represented by the specific formula which is capable of generating an acid or a radical by stimulation from the external.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of ?-hydroxy ketones of the general formula I. In particular, the invention relates to novel imidazolinium carboxylate adducts and to a novel process for using catalytic amounts of imidazolium and imidazolinium carboxylate adducts in the acyloin reaction of aldehydes to prepare hydroxy ketones of the general formula I, where R and R? are the same or different and are each H or a straight-chain or branched and optionally substituted C1-C12-alkyl radical, and R??H3CSCH2CH2, t-butyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, an optionally heteroatom-substituted C6-C18-aryl, heteroaryl, C6-C18-arylalkyl, especially phenylmethyl, where phenyl may again be heteroatom-substituted, or heteroalkyl.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sulfur-containing compound and the preparation thereof. The invention also relates to the uses of the sulfur-containing compound in inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase and/or cyclooxygenase-2 and in treating the diseases associated with inducible nitric oxide synthase and/or cyclooxygenase-2. This invention also describes a series of chemical analogues of the said sulfur-containing compound and the preparation of these compounds.

Abstract: A composition containing a photoacid generator monomer and surfactant, and a method for synthesizing a compound on a substrate using the composition are provided. The method includes bonding a layer of first molecules having an acid labile protecting group to a solid substrate; coating a layer of the photoacid generator monomer composition according to the present invention on the layer of first molecules; exposing the composition layer to light and then heat-treating to remove the acid labile protecting group from the first molecules corresponding to the exposed portion; washing and removing the composition layer from the exposed and unexposed portions; and bonding second molecules to the exposed first molecules.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds capable of binding to an Fc receptor and modulating Fc receptor activity comprising a core lipophilic group in the form of an Aryl ring substituted with a group rich in p-electrons. The invention further provides for a method of treating an autoimmune disease involving Fc receptor activity using such compounds. A method for obtaining a compound which modulates Fc receptor activity is also provided, the method comprising: (a) providing or designing compounds having structural characteristics to fit in the groove of the Fc?RIIa structure; and (b) screening the compounds for modulating activity on the Fc receptor.

Abstract: The photobase generator of the invention is represented by the following formula 1: wherein Ar, R, A+ and X? are as defined in the specification. Since the photobase generator of the formula 1 absorbs ultraviolet lights of relatively long wavelength and is photolyzed to generate a strong base efficiently, a composition containing the photobase generator and an episulfide compound is easily cured by polymerization under ultraviolet irradiation.

Abstract: Histone deacetylase is a metallo-enzyme with zinc at the active site. Compounds having a zinc-binding moiety, for example, an alpha-chalcogenmethylcarbonyl group, such as an alpha-ketothio group, can inhibit histone deacetylase. Histone deacetylase inhibition can repress gene expression, including expression of genes related to tumor suppression. Accordingly, inhibition of histone deacetylase can provide an alternate route for treating cancer, hematological disorders, e.g., hemoglobinopathies, autosomal dominant disorders, e.g. spinal muscular atrophy and Huntington's disease, genetic related metabolic disorders, e.g., cystic fibrosis and adrenoleukodystrophy, or for stimulating hematopoietic cells ex vivo.

Abstract: The invention relates to benzoylcyclohexenone derivatives of general formula (I) wherein the variables R1 to R10 and n have the designation cited in claim 1.

Abstract: This invention provides: a compound represented by formula (I): R—Y—(—X-Phe-COCH2COCnF2n+1)m ??(I) wherein R denotes hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, or a group capable of binding to a protein, peptide, amino acid, nucleic acid, or nucleotide; Y denotes CH2, a carbocyclic ring, or a heterocyclic ring; X denotes O, S, NH, CH2, OCH2, CONH, or NHCO; Phe denotes phenylene; n is an integer between 1 and 5; and m is 1, 2, or 3. This inventions also provides a luminous complex of such compound and a rare earth ion, a labeling reagent comprising such compound or luminous complex, and a process for labeling a protein, peptide, amino acid, nucleic acid, or nucleotide using such labeling reagent.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel substituted aryl ketones of the formula (I) in which Z, X, R and n are as defined in the disclosure, to processes for their preparation and to their use as crop treatment agents, and to intermediates for preparing compounds of the formula (I).

Abstract: A composition containing 3,3?-thiobis(propane-1,2-dithiol) and one or more enic compounds which composition is photocurable and can give a cured product having a high refractive index and adequate hardness.

Abstract: Phenolic compounds of general formula (I); and recording materials characterized by containing one of them and exhibiting high light stability wherein R1 and R2 are each hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; m is an integer of 1 to 6; n is an integer of 0 to 2; p and t are each an integer of 0 to 3 with the proviso that not both are simultaneously 0; R3 and R4 are each nitro, carboxyl, halogeno, C1-C6 alkyl, or the like; q and u are each an integer of 0 to 2 with the proviso that when q or u is 2, R3s or R4s may be different from each other; and Y is CO or NR5CO (wherein R5 is hydrogen or the like), with the proviso that when Y is CO, p is 1 and that when p is 0 and Y is NR5CO, n is not 0.

Abstract: Inhibitors of the cytosolic phospholypase A2 enzymes are provided which are of use in controlling a wide variety of inflammatory diseases. The inhibitors of the present invention have the general formula wherein X, Z, X1, R1, R2, Ra, Rb, R3, R4 and Y are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention concerns alkyl aryl carbonyl compounds that possess anti-infective activity. The compounds of the invention can be used to target specific nuclear localization signal, thereby blocking importation of specific proteins or molecular complex into the nucleus of a cell. The invention encompasses methods of use of such compounds for treatment or prevention of infectious diseases, such as parasitic and viral diseases, including, for example, malaria and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The use of the compounds to detect certain specific protein structures which are present in nuclear localization sequences is also taught.

Abstract: A process for preparing bicyclic 1,3-diketones of the formula I where R1, R2, R3 and R4 are hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy-carbonyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C1-C4-alkylthio, C1-C4-alkylsulfenyl or C1-C4-alkylsulfonyl and Z is C1-C4-alkylene, O, S, N—R5 where R5 is C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, which comprises a) reacting a bicyclic olefin of the formula II with haloform in the presence of a base to give the ring-expanded product of the formula III  where R1-R4 and Z are as defined above and X is halogen; b) hydrolyzing the allylic halogen of the compound of the formula III to the allyl alcohol of the formula IV c) oxidizing the allyl alcohol of the formula IV to the unsaturated ketone of the formula V d) reacting the ketone of the formula V with a nucleophilic ion Y− which stabilizes a negative charge to give the ketone of the formula VI e) hydrolyzing the ketone of the formula VI to th

Abstract: A chemically amplified photo-resist contains a photoacid generator for changing the solubility of resin after exposure to 130-220 nanometer wavelength light, and the photoacid generator contains two kinds of sulfonium salt compound expressed by general formulae [1] and [2] so that the chemically amplified photo-resist is improved in resolution, sensitivity and smoothness on side surfaces of a transferred pattern.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I wherein the substituents are defined as in claim 1, as well as the agronomically acceptable salts, isomers and enantiomers of these compounds, as well as the agronomically acceptable salts/N-oxides/isomers/enantiomers of these compounds, are eminently suitable for use as herbicides.

Abstract: A process for preparing an &agr;-haloketone of the formula (1) 1

Abstract: Benzoylcyclohexanedione derivatives of the formula (I) and their use as herbicides are described.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds of the formula: wherein R2 is lower alkyl; or phenyl optionally substituted by from one to five groups, the same or different, which are lower alkyl, lower haloalkyl, halogen or —SR4; R3 is halogen, lower alkyl, lower haloalkyl, lower alkoxy, lower haloalkoxy, —S-alkyl, cycloalkyl having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms in the ring, alkenyl or alkynyl having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, or —(CR5R6)—SR2 wherein q is one or two; R4 is lower alkyl; R5 and R6 independently represent hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower haloalkyl; and n is zero or an integer from one to three; intermediate compounds of the formula: and processes for preparing them.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel heteroethynylenic compounds having the general formula (I): 1

Abstract: A chemically amplified photo-resist contains a photoacid generator for changing the solubility of resin after exposure to 130-220 nanometer wavelength light, and the photoacid generator contains two kinds of sulfonium salt compound expressed by general formulae [1] and [2] 1

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound of the formula: which comprises reacting a compound of the formula: wherein R1 is C1-6 straight- or branched-chain alkyl, with a compound of the formula: in an aprotic solvent in the presence of base.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula I 1

Abstract: An improved method is described for making 9-deoxy-PGF1-type compounds. In contrast to the prior art, the method is stereoselective and requires fewer steps than the known methods for making these compounds.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds of the formula: 1

Abstract: A new method for producing unsymmetrically substituted fluorenyl compounds, one step of which is the preparation of 2,7-disubstituted fluoren-9-one derivatives via the nucleophilic substitution of a compound of the formula D wherein A′ is selected from the group consisting of —Br, —Cl, —F, —NO2, and —CN; A is selected from the group consisting of —NO2, —CN, —CO2R, —C(O)R, —SO2R, —SO2RF, —C(CN)═C(CN)2 and —CH═C(CN)2; RF is —CpF2p+1, p=from about 0 to about 10; R is an straight, branched or cyclic aliphatic alkyl group having about 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group such as phenyl or naphthyl; and is a carbonyl or a protected carbonyl such as a ketal or thio-ketal such as wherein R′ is —CrH2r+1; R″ is —(CH2)r—; and r is independently 2 or 3, with a nucleophilic reagent in the presence of an aprotic solvent

Abstract: Novel aromatic sulfonium compounds of general formula (I), photoacid generators comprising the same, and photopolymerizable compositions containing the same, capable of providing stereolithographic resin compositions which do not suffer from the hindrance to curing by oxygen, can easily give shaped articles having desired sizes by virtue of the high accuracy thereof in curing, and can attain a satisfactory curing depth owing to the high sensitivity thereof for radiant energy; and a stereolithographic process.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to new, energy-efficient photoinitiators in the form of organic sulfur-containing compounds. The present invention is also directed to a method of generating reactive species which includes exposing one or more photoinitiators to radiation to form one or more reactive species. Also described are methods of polymerizing unsaturated monomers, methods of curing an unsaturated oligomer/monomer mixture, and methods of laminating using the photoinitiators of the present invention.