Abstract: A process for the extraction of vanillin by means of the extraction from a vanillin-containing, water-containing, liquid mixture of substances with carbon dioxide at a temperature of 0.degree. to 110.degree. C. as well as a pressure of 30 to 400 bar and a subsequent separation of vanillin is described. It is contemplated that with this process the vanillin-containing carbon dioxide is passed through an aqueous hydrogen sulfite- or sulfite-solution at the extraction temperature and the extraction pressure, that this solution is subsequently acidified with sulfuric acid to a pH value of 2 to 4, and that the vanillin-free carbon dioxide is fed back into the extraction stage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of vanillin in the form of a very pure product by oxidizing lignin contained in the wood pulping liquor. According to the invention the separation and purification of vanillin from the reaction mixture is carried out by means of an extraction at a supercritical pressure and temperature. Carbon dioxide, for instance, can be used as a extraction gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the isolation of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde from the reaction mixture obtained by oxidizing p-cresol with oxygen or oxygen-containing gases in methanol in the presence of Na or K hydroxide and an Mn, Ni, Cr or Co salt. The procedure in this process is optionally to add water to the reaction mixture, to heat the resulting solution and to filter off the precipitated Mn, Ni, Cr or Co oxide-hydrate, to remove the methanol from the filtrate by distillation, to cool the residual aqueous solution and thus to allow the p-hydroxybenzaldehyde to crystallize out in the form of the Na or K salt.Alternatively, the reaction mixture is first dried by atomization, the soluble constituents of the dry substance are then dissolved in hot water, the undissolved Mn, Ni, Cr or Co oxide-hydrate is filtered off and the salt of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde is again allowed to crystallize out by cooling the filtrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the isolation of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde from the reaction mixture obtained by oxidizing p-cresol with oxygen or oxygen-containing gases in methanol in the presence of Na or K hydroxide and an Mn, Ni, Cr or Co salt. The procedure in this process is optionally to add water to the reaction mixture, to heat the resulting solution and to filter off the precipitated Mn, Ni, Cr or Co oxide-hydrate, to remove the methanol from the filtrate by distillation, to cool the residual aqueous solution and thus to allow the p-hydroxybenzaldehyde to crystallize out in the form of the Na or K salt.Alternatively, the reaction mixture is first dried by atomization, the soluble constituents of the dry substance are then dissolved in hot water, the undissolved Mn, Ni, Cr or Co oxide-hydrate is filtered off and the salt of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde is again allowed to crystallize out by cooling the filtrate.

Abstract: A process for separating ortho- or meta-nitrobenzaldehyde from a feed mixture comprising ortho-nitrobenzaldehyde or metal-nitrobenzaldehyde and at least one other isomer from which the ortho- or metal-isomer is to be separated. The feed mixture is contacted at adsorption conditions with meta-selective adsorbent comprising a type X zeolite having sodium or lithium cations at exchangeable cationic sites or with an ortho-selective adsorbent comprising a type Y zeolite having alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cations at exchangeable cationic sites or a phosphate-substituted crystalline, aluminum silicate zeolite. Preferred desorbents are lower alkyl acetates and formates, acetonitrile and benzaldehyde.

Abstract: A spent lignin fermented waste-liquor solution containing vanillin is treated to remove the vanillin by contacting it with a suitable large pore zeolite.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for selectively decarbonylating a compound of the formula ##STR1## in a mixture containing I and a compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein R is hydrogen or at least one lower alkyl group and R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group. In such a process, the mixture is treated with a catalytically effective amount of a palladium catalyst to selectively decarbonylate the compound of formula I therein and the compound of formula II is recovered from the treated mixture.

Abstract: The purification of N-substituted aminobenzaldehydes, such as p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, is facilitated via the use of stripping agents.

Abstract: Crude vanillin is purified by supercritical extraction of impurities. The process is especially useful in purifying crude vanillin obtained from paper mill waste liquors. Preferred supercritical extraction fluid is CO.sub.2.

Abstract: Vapor phase contact reaction between water and benzal chloride or a substitute expressed by C.sub.6 H.sub.(5-n) X.sub.n CHCl.sub.2, wherein X representing a halogen atom or a trifluoromethyl group and n being 1 or 2, to form benzaldehyde or a substitute expressed by C.sub.6 H.sub.(5-n) X.sub.n CHO can efficiently be achieved by using activated carbon treated with an acid such as sulfuric acid or impregnated with a metal chloride such as ferric chloride and/or a metal sulfate such as cupric sulfate as catalyst. The activated carbon catalyst long retains its high activity even when the starting material has trifluoromethyl group, which is liable to undergo partial decomposition with formation of hydrogen fluoride.

Abstract: Racemic mixtures of d,1-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propanal are resolved by forming a condensation product with N-R-D-glucamine or a salt thereof where R is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 36 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl of 3 to 8 carbon atoms, from which a product substantially enriched in d-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propanal can be obtained and then can be selectively oxidized to d-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid.

Abstract: A process of removing unsaturated hydrocarbons containing at least one non-aromatic unsaturation from feedstreams which comprises contacting the feedstream with at least one of Cu.sub.2 O or Ag.sub.2 O and a fluorinated acetylacetonate of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 fluoroalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 heterocycle containing O, S or N or C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl, R.sup.2 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl with the proviso that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the carbons to which they are attached may be joined together to form a C.sub.6 ring and n is from 1 to 8, in an inert organic solvent.

Abstract: A process for the purification in the presence of water of impure benzaldehyde by which a purified benzaldehyde is prepared which has improved color stability and improved olfactory characteristics. The process is comprised of the steps of treating the impure benzaldehyde simultaneously with water and a metal less noble than hydrogen followed by distillation.

Abstract: A process for selective cracking of 1,4-disubstituted benzene compounds having at least one polar substituent. Mixtures containing isomers of such a compound are brought into contact with a specified type of shape selective crystalline zeolite catalyst under conditions of temperature and pressure conducive to reaction of said benzene compound, thereby selectively reacting the 1,4-disubstituted isomer in preference to the 1,2- and 1,3-disubstituted isomers of said polar benzene compound. The shape selective zeolite catalysts employed herein are crystalline zeolites characterized by a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12 and a constraint index within the approximate range of 1 to 12.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of hydroxy benzene carboxaldehydes having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkoxyalkyl, fluoroalkyl, and hydroxyalkyl oxyalkylene having from one to about twenty carbon atoms; hydroxyalkyl having at least two to about twenty carbon atoms; hydroxy; aldehyde CHO; and halogen;n.sub.1, n.sub.2 and n.sub.3 are zero or 1; and at least one of n.sub.1, n.sub.2 and n.sub.3 is 1; andx is zero, 1, 2, 3 or 4, which comprises:(1) condensing with a formaldehyde compound a phenol having the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkoxyalkyl, fluoroalkyl, and hydroxyalkyl oxyalkylene having from one to about twenty carbon atoms; hydroxy; and halogen; andx is zero, 1, 2, 3 or 4,and unsubstituted in at least one ortho or para position in an aqueous reaction medium comprising phenol:HCHO in a molar ratio within the range from about 1:0.

Abstract: A process for purification of impure benzaldehyde by which purified benzaldehyde is prepared which has improved color stability and improved olfactory characteristics. The process is comprised of the steps of treatment with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst followed by distillation.The present invention is a new and novel process for the purification of benzaldehyde and, is in particular, a unique and novel process for the purification of benzaldehyde prepared by the oxidation of toluene with a gas containing molecular oxygen.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the separation of low molecular-weight aromatic compounds, e.g. vanillin and dehydrodivanillin, from lignin, alkali, and from each other, in alkaline aqueous solutions. According to the method, the separation is effected by means of a cationic ion-exchange resin in its sodium salt form, e.g. of a strong sulphonic acid type or weak carbonic acid type, from which the substances adsorbed are removed by elution. The resin may be crosslinked to the extent of 2-16% divinylbenzene. The substances adsorbed onto the ion-exchange resin are appropriately eluted by either water alone, or by application of an aqueous sodium-salt solution (e.g. Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3) followed by water.

Abstract: Phenol, ortho-cresol, meta- and para-cresols, guaiacol, vanillin, acetovanillone and other phenols are separated from alkaline pulping spent liquors by extracting the alkaline liquors with a lower aliphatic alcohol having from 2-5 carbon atoms inclusive, separating the solvent and aqueous phases, and thereafter separating the phenols from the solvent phase.