Abstract: A process for producing phloroglucin important as an intermediate compound of medicine, sensitizer and the like which comprises reacting an oxidation product containing at least one carbinol compound of carbinol dihydroperoxide, dicarbinol hydroperoxide and tricarbinol obtained by oxidation of 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene, with hydrogen peroxide in a heterogeneous system in the presence of an acid catalyst and an organic solvent inert to the hydrogen peroxide and capable of dissolving the oxidation product, and decomposing the reaction product with an acid.

Abstract: An aromatic compound is hydroxylated by reacting the aromatic compound in an aqueous solvent with a triiodide salt to form a reaction mixture containing the corresponding iodoaromatic compound. The mixture is reacted, without separating the iodoaromatic compound, with a hydroxylating agent to form the corresponding hydroxy aromatic compound. The iodide salt, formed as a by-product of the reaction, is then separated for reuse in the process.

Abstract: A method for purifying phloroglucin wherein crude phloroglucin obtained by an acid-decomposition of 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene trihydroperoxide in the presence of a solvent and removal of the formed acetone and the solvent by evaporation, is extraction-treated within a pH range of 7.5 to 12 in the coexistence of an aqueous alkali liquor of 4 to 25 times by weight based on the crude phloroglucin and an organic solvent of 0.05 to 6 times by weight based on said aqueous alkali liquor selected from ketones and esters which are separable from the aqueous alkali liquor, and after acidifying the separated aqueous alkali extract, the deposited crystal is recrystalized.The phloroglucin is useful as a starting material of medicines and photosensitizers.

Abstract: In a method for producing phloroglucin by a decomposition of 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene trihydroperoxide (hereinafter referred to as THPO), a method for producing phloroglucin wherein an acid catalytic decomposition is carried out under the condition that:(1) at least one member selected from the group consisting of perchloric acid, sulfuric anhydride and boron trifluoride be used as a catalyst,(2) the amount of the catalyst above in the reaction solution be 1 to 100 ppm,(3) the water content in the reaction solution be not more than 2% by weight, and(4) the total amount of the carbinol group of carbinols (having a structure in which part or all of the three hydroperoxy groups of THPO have been replaced by hydroxyl groups) contaminating the raw material for reaction be not more than 1/5 equivalent based on THPO.The phloroglucin is useful as a starting material of medicines and photosensitizers.

Abstract: Waste or surplus polycarbonates are salvaged by reacting them with a hydroxy amine in an amount sufficient to cleave about 85% or more of the carbonate groups, thereby converting the polymer to a mixture of dihydroxy monomers--including novel dihydroxy carbamates--which may be converted to useful polymers by reaction with other difunctional monomers having at least one hydroxy-reactive functional group per molecule.

Abstract: An improved process for recovering high purity resorcinol produced by the rearrangement of m-diisopropylbenzene dihydroperoxide in which the rearranged product mixture is neutralized, the neutralized mixture being filtered, the filtrate being admixed with toluene, the acetone being removed by distillation and the acetone-free rearranged product/toluene mixture being steam distilled to provide an aqueous resorcinol containing phase from which the resorcinol is recovered.

Abstract: The herein-proposed catalyst for dehydrogenation oxygen-containing derivatives of the cyclohexane series having the following general formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is either hydrogen or alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.4,R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are radicals having either the same or different values --H, --OH, .dbd.O, provided that R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are not hydrogen atoms both at a time,R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 being linked to different carbon atoms of the ring to form the corresponding cyclic ketones and/or phenols, comprises the following components (wt. %):nickel--15 to 55tin--0.2 to 1.95inert carrier--84.8 to 43.05,while the atomic ratio of nickel and tin lies within 15:1 and 410:1, respectively, and may contain additionally an alkali salt of a mineral acid in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 wt. %.

Abstract: 2-Substituted-4,6-di-t-butylresorcinol represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one double bond, or an aralkyl group, wherein no tertiary carbon atom of R is directly bonded to the benzene nucleus, is prepared by allowing 4,6-di-t-butylresorcinol to react with a halogen compound represented by the general formula:RXwherein R has the same meaning as defined above, and X represents a halogen atom, excluding the X bonded to a tertiary carbon of R, in an aqueous alkali solution. By further debutylization of the 2-substituted-4,6-t-butylresorcinol, 2-substituted resorcinol represented by the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R has the same meaning as defined above, but the tertiary carbon of R is free from direct bonding to the benzene nucleus, is prepared.

Abstract: An organic photoresist stripping composition especially for use with silicon wafers having an insulating layer and metallization on the wafers contains an organic sulfonic acid and 1,2 dihydroxybenzene. The composition also preferably includes a polar or nonpolar, organic solvent. This composition will remove both positive and negative photoresist from wafers without attack on either aluminum metallization or silicon dioxide insulation layers when used to contact the photoresist on the wafers.

Abstract: Pyrogallol, and analogues thereof having an alkyl, carboxy or alkoxycarbonyl substituent in the benzene ring, and their salts, are prepared by oxidizing, preferably by hydrogen peroxide, the corresponding compounds in which 1 or 2 of the OH groups are replaced by --COR.sup.5 groups where R.sup.5 represents hydrogen, alkyl or phenylalkyl. The production of intermediates is also described and some of these are novel.

Abstract: 2-Substituted-4,6-di-t-butylresorcinol represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a straight or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one double bond, or an aralkyl group, but the tertiary carbon atom of R is free from direct bonding to the benzene nucleus, is prepared by allowing 4,6-di-t-butylresorcinol to react with a halogen compound represented by the general formula:RXwherein R has the same meaning as defined above, and X represents a halogen atom, excluding the X bonded to the tertiary carbon of R, in an aqueous alkali solution. By further debutylization of the 2-substituted-4,6-t-butylresorcinol, 2-substituted resorcinol represented by the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R has the same meaning as defined above, but the tertiary carbon of R is free from direct bonding to the benzene nucleus, is prepared.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting p-isopropenylphenol and derivatives thereof and, more particularly, oligomers of p-isopropenylphenol and derivatives thereof, to hydroquinone via monomeric intermediates [e.g. p-(2-haloisopropyl)phenol in the case of p-isopropenylphenol and oligomers thereof]. The process involves reacting the starting materials with a hydrogen halide (e.g. gaseous hydrogen chloride) in the presence of an organic solvent and subjecting the product so obtained to oxidation with hydrogen peroxide or an organic hydroperoxide.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing pyrogallol by dehydrogenation of cyclohexane-1,2,3-triol in the presence of a platinum group metal catalyst in an inert gas stream. The catalyst contains, as modifier, (a) at least one alkali metal salt and/or (b) at least one member selected from the group consisting of gold, tellurium, silver, arsenic, selenium, indium, antimony, bismuth, copper and zinc, with the Pd-Te catalyst being preferred. The catalyst ingredients are supported on a carrier. The process gives high selectivity of pyrogallol.

Abstract: A synthesis of Vitamin E has the condensation of 2,4-pentanediene and 1,2-epoxy-2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane including intermediates in this synthesis which uses base catalyzed condensations of aliphatic compounds to construct the Vitamin E molecule from aliphatic precursors.

Abstract: Dihydric phenol is effectively prevented from discoloration by mixing the dihydric phenol with 0.00001 to 0.1% by weight of hydrocarboxylic acid on the basis of the dihydric phenol.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of phloroglucinol is disclosed. The process comprises reacting hexachlorobenzene with sodium propylate or sodium isopropylate, in a molar ratio of from about 1:3 to about 1:20, in an aprotic solvent, at a temperature from about 50 to about 250.degree. C., to form trichlorophloroglucinol tripropylether, or trichlorophloroglucinol triisopropylether. The latter compounds are dechlorinated to form phloroglucinol tripropylether or phloroglucinol triisopropylether, with the use of metallic sodium, and subsequently hydrolyzed to form phloroglucinol.

Abstract: Compounds useful for pharmacological and medicinal purposes having the formulae ##STR1## wherein R is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkanoyl; R.sub.1 is H, benzyl, C.sub.1 14 C.sub.5 alkanoyl, P(O)(OH).sub.2, --CO(CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOH or a basic acyl group; each of R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, phenyl, pyridyl or (CH.sub.2).sub.y C.sub.6 H.sub.5 ; y is 1-4; R.sub.3 is H or CH.sub.3 ; Z is C.sub.1 -C.sub.13 alkylene or --(alk.sub.1).sub.m --O--(alk.sub.2).sub.n --; each of (alk.sub.1) and (alk.sub.2) is C.sub.1 -C.sub.13 alkylene with the proviso that the summation of carbon atoms in (alk.sub.1) plus (alk.sub.2) is not greater than 13; each of m and n is 0 or 1; and W is H, pyridyl, phenyl, fluorophenyl or chlorophenyl; intermediates therefor and methods for their preparation and use.

Abstract: Compounds useful for pharmacological and medicinal purposes having the formulae ##STR1## wherein R is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkanoyl; R.sub.1 is H, benzyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkanoyl, P(O)(OH).sub.2, --CO(CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOH or a basic acyl group; each of R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, phenyl, pyridyl or (CH.sub.2).sub.y C.sub.6 H.sub.5 ; y is 1-4; R.sub.3 is H or CH.sub.3 ; Z is C.sub.1 -C.sub.13 alkylene or --(alk.sub.1).sub.m --O--(alk.sub.2).sub.n --; each of (alk.sub.1) and (alk.sub.2) is C.sub.1 -C.sub.13 alkylene with the proviso that the summation of carbon atoms in (alk.sub.1) plus (alk.sub.2) is not greater than 13; each of m and n is 0 or 1; and W is H, pyridyl, phenyl, fluorophenyl or chlorophenyl; intermediates therefor and methods for their preparation and use.

Abstract: Imidazole derivatives of the formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof are provided: ##STR1## In the formula, R.sub.4 1- or 2-naphthyl, optionally substituted with Cl, Br, or I; 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-naphthyl; 3-duryl, optionally 6-substituted by Cl, Br, I, NO.sub.2, CH.sub.3 or benzyl; mesityl, phenyl 2-, 3- or 4-substituted by OH, NH.sub.2, NO.sub.2, CH.sub.3 CONH, phenyl, phenoxy, cyclohexyl, phenylthio, benzylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or C.sub.1 C.sub.6 alkylthio; 4-bibenzylyl; 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl,n=0, 1 or 2 and(a) R=H, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or phenyl R.sub.1 =H, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or phenyl one of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 =H the other of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 =H, OH, benzoyloxy, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkanoyloxy, N-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl)-carbamoyloxy, N,N-[di-(C.sub.1 C.sub.6)alkyl]-carbamoyloxy, but if R.sub.2 =R.sub.3 =H then R=R.sub.1 =H, or(b) R=H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, phenyl R.sub.1 =H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, phenyl R.sub.2 +R.sub.

Abstract: A pyrogallol compound of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represent hydrogen or alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, or a salt thereof, is prepared by hydrolyzing the corresponding 2,2,6,6-tetrachlorocyclohexanone or 2,2,6,6-tetrabromocyclohexanone.

Abstract: Equimolar amounts of phenol and formaldehyde may be prepared from oxygen and toluene. The catalytic oxidation of toluene, when carried out in the presence of acetic anhydride, forms phenyl acetate and methylene diacetate. Pyrolysis of these two intermediates yields phenol and formaldehyde.Significant improvements in this process are achieved when the first stage of the reaction is carried out in the presence of MoO.sub.3.In a further embodiment of this invention it has been found that Group VIII dithiosemibenzil compounds, particularly nickel dithiosemibenzil, serves as a superior promoter for the toluene oxidation reaction.In still a further embodiment of this invention it has been found that persulfate promoters such as potassium persulfate, persulfuric acid, or Caro's dry acid are particularly effective promoters for the toluene oxidation reaction.In a like manner, hydroquinone or resorcinol may be obtained from cresyl acetates.

Abstract: The intermediate 2,2,6,6-tetrachloro (or tetrabromo) cyclohexanone is prepared by reacting chlorine (or bromine) with a cyclohexanol compound of the formula ##STR1## where each Y represents an atom of hydrogen or chlorine (or hydrogen or bromine) in the presence of, as catalyst, a certain organophosphorus compound.

Abstract: According to the present invention, 5-substituted resorcinols of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrocarbon radical, optionally unsubstituted or substituted by inert substituents, are prepared by reacting a carboxylic acid ester of the formula IIR.sub.1 --C.tbd.C--CO--O--R.sub.2 (II)wherein R.sub.2 represents a non-aromatically bound lower hydrocarbon radical, in the presence of an alkaline condensation agent, with a diester of 3-oxoglutaric acid of the formula IIIR.sub.3 --O--CO--CH.sub.2 --CO--CH.sub.2 --CO--O--R.sub.4 (III)wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 represent non-aromatically bound lower hydrocarbon radicals; hydrolyzing the resulting dihydroxyisophthalic acid acid ester of the formula IV ##STR2## and decarboxylating the hydrolyzed product, a specific embodiment is the preparation of 5-pentylresorcinol.

Abstract: In a process for purification of crude resorcinol derived from an acid-cleavage product of m-diisopropylbenzene dihydroperoxide and containing impurities having higher boiling points than resorcinol is, the recrystallization of said crude resorcinol from a mixed solvent consisting of(a) about 0.5 to about 5 times the weight of resorcinol of an aromatic hydrocarbon which contains 6 to 10 carbon atoms and is liquid at 20.degree. C., and(b) about 0.1 to about 0.7 time the weight of resorcinol of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkyl phenols having a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group and acyl phenols derived from C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.

Abstract: Metal phenates especially overbased phenates are prepared by reacting a basic metallic compound with a mixture of an alkyl phenol and an alkyldihydroxybenzene. The products are useful as lubricant additives with improved antirust properties, and when overbased, with higher basicity and lower viscosity.

Abstract: Synthesis of optically active vitamin E from 2-methyl-5-oxotetrahydro-2-furoic acid including intermediates in this synthesis.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing (S)-(+)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-methanol from either alkyl(R)-2-benzyloxy-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionate or (S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-ethanol including intermediates in this synthesis.

Abstract: A method for recovering resorcinol by thermally cracking high-boiling by-products contained in the acid-cleavage product of m-diisopropylbenzene dihydroperoxide, wherein the thermal cracking is effected in the presence of an aromatic ketone of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, saturated alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, hydroxyl, acetyl and chlorine, R.sup.2 represents a member selected from the group consisting of saturated alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cyclohexyl and phenyl, and n represents 1, 2 or 3, and when there are two or more R.sup.1 groups, they are identical or different.

Abstract: Synthesis of optically active vitamin E from 2-methyl-5-oxotetrahydro-2-furoic acid including intermediates in this synthesis.

Abstract: A synthesis of Vitamin E has the condensation of 2,4-pentanediene and 1,2-epoxy-2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane including intermediates in this synthesis which uses base catalyzed condensations of aliphatic compounds to construct the Vitamin E molecule from aliphatic precursors.

Abstract: Synthesis of optically active vitamin E from 2-methyl-5-oxotetrahydro-2-furoic acid including intermediates in this synthesis.

Abstract: A process for the hydroxylation of phenols and phenol ethers in the nucleus with hydrogen peroxide wherein a phenol or a phenol ether is reacted at the start of the reaction with substantially anhydrous hydrogen peroxide and wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a strong acid.

Abstract: Phloroglucinol may be produced by converting s-triacetyl benzene to benzene-1,3,5-tris-acetoxime which is a novel compound. Said acetoxime is subjected to a Beckmann rearrangement and the resulting mixture subsequently hydrolyzed to produce phloroglucinol.

Abstract: A process if disclosed for producing (S)-(+)-6-hydroxy-2,4,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-methanol from either alkyl(R)-2-benzyloxy-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionate or (S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-ethanol including intermediates in this synthesis.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the formulae ##STR1## wherein R represents lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, A represents --CH.sub.2 --, --CO-- or ##STR2## n represents an integer of 1 to 8, X represents hydrogen or hydroxyl which may be protected and Y represents hydroxyl which may be protected, and their esters show an excellent action on the lysosomal membranes of cells, and exhibit excellent pharmacological activities such as physiologic host defense control activity, especially immuno-potentiating activity.

Abstract: Aromatic alkenyl compounds, for example, eugenol and safrole, are isomerized, for example to isoeugenol and isosafrole, by contact with a ruthenium or osmium catalyst.

Abstract: The corrosion of ferrous metals by corrosive acids at elevated temperatures is inhibited by adding to environments containing the acids an effective amount of a novel .alpha., .OMEGA. (hereinafter "alpha", "omega", respectively) diacetylenic diol (e.g., with two acetylenic functionalities) having the structural formula: ##STR1## where R is an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic residue containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms and may include one or more functional groups such as halogen atoms, carbonyl, carboxyl, carbamyl, amino, formyl or nitroso radicals or other functional groups without impaired performance. The diacetylenic diols may be employed in combination with other corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: This invention comprises an alkylation, reduction and transesterification process for the preparation of ester substituted phenols. The products are useful as antioxidants and may be prepared in high yields and with a high degree of purity.