With Preliminary Diverse Conversion Patents (Class 585/254)
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Patent number: 8323590Abstract: A process and apparatus are presented for the removal of carbon monoxide from ethylene streams. The removal of carbon monoxide before selective hydrogenation protects the catalyst in the selective hydrogenation reactor. Carbon monoxide levels are controlled with the water gas shift process to convert the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, with the carbon dioxide removed in an acid gas removal process.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 2010Date of Patent: December 4, 2012Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: David A. Wegerer, Kurt M. Vanden Bussche
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Patent number: 8299310Abstract: Processes for conversion of lignin to products such as phenolic compounds and biofuels prepared from such phenolic compounds are disclosed and described. A process for conversion of a lignin material to bio-fuels can include subjecting the lignin material to a base catalyzed depolymerization reaction to produce a partially depolymerized lignin. The partially depolymerized lignin can then be subjected to a stabilization/partial hydrodeoxygenation reaction to form a partially hydrodeoxygenated product. Following partial hydrodeoxygenation, the partially hydrodeoxygenated product can be reacted in a hydroprocessing step to form a bio-fuel. Each of these reaction steps can be performed in single or multiple steps, depending on the design of the process. The production of an intermediate partially hydrodeoxygenation product and subsequent reaction thereof can significantly reduce or eliminate reactor plugging and catalyst coking.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 2011Date of Patent: October 30, 2012Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventors: Wlodzimierz W. Zmierczak, Jan D. Miller
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Publication number: 20120271078Abstract: In a dehydrogenation process a hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one non-aromatic six-membered ring compound and at least one five-membered ring compound is contacted with a dehydrogenation catalyst comprising: (i) a support; (ii) a first component comprising at least one metal component selected from Group 1 and Group 2 of the Periodic Table of Elements; and (iii) a second component comprising at least one metal component selected from Groups 6 to 10 of the Periodic Table of Elements, wherein the catalyst composition exhibits an oxygen chemisorption of greater than 50%. The contacting is conducted under conditions effective to convert at least a portion of the at least one non-aromatic six-membered ring compound in the hydrocarbon stream to benzene and to convert at least a portion of the at least one five-membered ring compound in the hydrocarbon stream to paraffins.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 17, 2010Publication date: October 25, 2012Applicant: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Tan-Jen Chen, Terry E. Helton, Teng Xu
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Patent number: 8283507Abstract: A process and apparatus are presented for the removal of carbon monoxide from ethylene streams. The removal of carbon monoxide before selective hydrogenation protects the catalyst in the selective hydrogenation reactor. Carbon monoxide levels are controlled with the water gas shift process to convert the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, with the carbon dioxide removed in an acid gas removal process.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 2010Date of Patent: October 9, 2012Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: David A. Wegerer, Kurt M. Vanden Bussche
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Publication number: 20120232144Abstract: A method for producing biofuels is provided. A method of making biofuels includes dewatering substantially intact algal cells to make an algal biomass, extracting neutral lipids from the algal biomass, and esterifying the neutral lipids with a catalyst in the presence of an alcohol. The method also includes separating a water soluble fraction comprising glycerin from a water insoluble fraction comprising fuel esters and distilling the fuel esters under vacuum to obtain a C16 or shorter fuel esters fraction, a C16 or longer fuel ester fraction, and a residue comprising carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids. The method further includes hydrogenating and deoxygenating at least one of (i) the C16 or shorter fuel esters to obtain a jet fuel blend stock and (ii) the C16 or longer fuel esters to obtain a diesel blend stock.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 18, 2012Publication date: September 13, 2012Applicant: HELIAE DEVELOPMENT, LLCInventor: Aniket KALE
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Patent number: 8258356Abstract: A system and process for acetylene selective hydrogenation of an ethylene rich gas stream. An ethylene rich gas supply comprising at least H2S, CO2, CO, and acetylene is directed to a first treatment unit for removing H2S and optionally CO2 from the gas stream. A CO oxidation reactor is used to convert CO to CO2 and form a CO-depleted gas stream. A second treatment unit removes the CO2 from the CO-depleted gas stream and an acetylene selective hydrogenation treats the CO-depleted gas stream.Type: GrantFiled: August 17, 2010Date of Patent: September 4, 2012Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: David A. Wegerer, Kurt Vanden Bussche
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Publication number: 20120209017Abstract: The use of bio oil from at least one renewable source in a hydrotreatment process, in which process hydrocarbons are formed from said glyceride oil in a catalytic reaction, and the iron content of said bio oil is less than 1 w-ppm calculated as elemental iron. A bio oil intermediate including bio oil from at least one renewable source and the iron content of said bio oil is less than 1 w-ppm calculated as elemental iron.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 15, 2012Publication date: August 16, 2012Applicant: Neste Oil OyiInventors: Tuomas Ouni, Väinö Sippola, Petri Lindqvist
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Publication number: 20120197032Abstract: A method of refining a natural oil includes: (a) providing a feedstock that includes a natural oil; (b) reacting the feedstock in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to form a metathesized product that includes olefins and esters; (c) passivating residual metathesis catalyst with an agent that comprises nitric acid; (d) separating the olefins in the metathesized product from the esters in the metathesized product; and (e) transesterifying the esters in the presence of an alcohol to form a transesterified product and/or hydrogenating the olefins to form a fully or partially saturated hydrogenated product. Methods for suppressing isomerization of olefin metathesis products produced in a metathesis reaction, and methods of producing fuel compositions are described.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 22, 2011Publication date: August 2, 2012Inventors: Bruce E. Firth, Sharon E. Kirk
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Publication number: 20120197031Abstract: A method of refining a natural oil includes: (a) providing a feedstock that includes a natural oil; (b) reacting the feedstock in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to form a metathesized product that includes olefins and esters; (c) passivating residual metathesis catalyst with an agent selected from the group consisting of phosphorous acid, phosphinic acid, and a combination thereof; (d) separating the olefins in the metathesized product from the esters in the metathesized product; and (e) transesterifying the esters in the presence of an alcohol to form a transesterified product and/or hydrogenating the olefins to form a fully or partially saturated hydrogenated product. Methods for suppressing isomerization of olefin metathesis products produced in a metathesis reaction, and methods of producing fuel compositions are described.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 22, 2011Publication date: August 2, 2012Inventors: Bruce E. Firth, Sharon E. Kirk, Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
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Publication number: 20120157725Abstract: The invention provides for methods, compositions and systems using isoprene from a bioisoprene composition derived from renewable carbon for production of a variety of hydrocarbon fuels, fuel additives, and additives for fine chemistry and other uses.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 17, 2011Publication date: June 21, 2012Inventor: Joseph C. McAuliffe
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Patent number: 8178740Abstract: A process for the use in the oligomerization of olefins is presented. The process produces a gasoline boiling range product having a high research octane number and almost no aromatics content. The process utilizes a solid catalyst comprising a zeolite that is treated with a phosphorous containing reagent to generate a catalyst having phosphorous content between 0.5 and 15 wt %.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 2008Date of Patent: May 15, 2012Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: Christopher P. Nicholas, Laszlo T. Nemeth, Deng-Yang Jan
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Publication number: 20120116120Abstract: In one aspect, the inventive process comprises a process for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock containing nonvolatiles in a regenerative pyrolysis reactor system. The inventive process comprises: (a) heating the nonvolatile-containing hydrocarbon feedstock upstream of a regenerative pyrolysis reactor system to a temperature sufficient to form a vapor phase that is essentially free of nonvolatiles and a liquid phase containing the nonvolatiles; (b) separating said vapor phase from said liquid phase; (c) feeding the separated vapor phase to the pyrolysis reactor system; and (d) converting the separated vapor phase in said pyrolysis reactor system to form a pyrolysis product.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 13, 2012Publication date: May 10, 2012Inventors: Paul F. Keusenkothen, James N. McCoy, Frank Hershkowitz
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Publication number: 20120108865Abstract: A process and apparatus are presented for the removal of carbon monoxide from ethylene streams. The removal of carbon monoxide before selective hydrogenation protects the catalyst in the selective hydrogenation reactor. Carbon monoxide levels are controlled with the water gas shift process to convert the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, with the carbon dioxide removed in an acid gas removal process.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 2, 2010Publication date: May 3, 2012Applicant: UOP LLCInventors: David A. Wegerer, Kurt M. Vanden Bussche
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Patent number: 8124820Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing polyolefins wherein a feedstock comprising n-olefin or a mixture of n-olefins is dimerized in the presence of a solid acidic catalyst by passing the feedstock to a catalytic distillation apparatus comprising either a) a combination of a distillation column and a reactor comprising at least one catalyst bed, or b) a distillation column connected to one or more side reactors comprising at least one catalyst layer, recovering the unreacted n-olefin from the distillation column or the combination of the distillation column and the reactor at the upper part thereof as a side-stream to be combined with the feedstock, and the reaction product from the dimerization is hydrogenated.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 2007Date of Patent: February 28, 2012Assignee: Neste Oil OyjInventors: Marja Tiitta, Anna-Mari Illikainen, Kari Kulmala, Vesa-Matti Lehtinen, Fredrik Nissfolk
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Publication number: 20120046507Abstract: A system and process for acetylene selective hydrogenation of an ethylene rich gas stream. An ethylene rich gas supply comprising at least H2S, CO2, CO, and acetylene is directed to a first treatment unit for removing H2S and optionally CO2 from the gas stream. A CO oxidation reactor is used to convert CO to CO2 and form a CO-depleted gas stream. A second treatment unit removes the CO2 from the CO-depleted gas stream and an acetylene selective hydrogenation treats the CO-depleted gas stream.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 17, 2010Publication date: February 23, 2012Applicant: UOP LLCInventors: David A. Wegerer, Kurt Vanden Bussche
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Publication number: 20110295046Abstract: A method of converting ethanol to a diesel fuel base stock comprises: a reaction stage (a) of contacting the ethanol with an acid catalyst, amorphous or structured, predominantly mesoporous, for example at a temperature of 300° C. to 500° C., at a pressure of 2 to 10 MPa and at a WHSV of 0.2 to 4 h?1, producing a gas phase, an organic liquid phase and an aqueous liquid phase, and a stage (b) of separating said gas phase, said organic liquid phase and said aqueous liquid phase at a pressure close to the reaction pressure. The method can involve recycling at least part of the gas phase separated in stage (b) to stage (a), and hydrogenating at least part of the organic liquid phase separated in stage (b).Type: ApplicationFiled: August 8, 2011Publication date: December 1, 2011Inventors: Vincent COUPARD, Sylvie Maury, Frédéric Capuano, Mohamed Bengrine
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Publication number: 20110287988Abstract: Provided herein are methods comprising catalytic dimerization of ?-farnesene to obtain squalane and/or isosqualane. Compositions comprising squalane and/or isosqualane are provided. In certain embodiments, squalane and isosqualane prepared by the methods provided herein can be useful for applications in cosmetic industry and/or in the lubricants industry.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 20, 2011Publication date: November 24, 2011Inventors: Karl Fisher, Susan Jessica Schofer, David B. Kanne
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Publication number: 20110282118Abstract: Distillate feeds are hydroprocessed to produce a product having a low content of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The hydroprocessing includes dewaxing and aromatic saturation of the feed. The temperature of the aromatic saturation process can be controlled to make a distillate product having a desired aromatic content, such as less the 0.02 wt % of polyaromatic hydrocarbons having three or more aromatic rings.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 12, 2011Publication date: November 17, 2011Applicant: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering CompanyInventor: Stuart S. Shih
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Publication number: 20110282117Abstract: A process for the production of jet and other heavy fuels, the process including: contacting at least one C3 to C5 isoalkanol with a first catalyst to convert at least a portion of the isoalkanol to isoalkene, isoalkene dimers, and water; contacting at least a portion of the isoalkene dimers with a second catalyst to convert at least a portion of the isoalkene dimers to isoalkene trimers; hydrotreating the isoalkene trimers to form isoalkanes useful as a jet fuel, kerosene, or other heavy fuels.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 10, 2011Publication date: November 17, 2011Applicant: CATALYTIC DISTILLATION TECHNOLOGIESInventors: William M. Cross, JR., Gary G. Podrebarac
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Publication number: 20110263916Abstract: Technologies to convert biomass to liquid hydrocarbon fuels are currently being developed to decrease our carbon footprint and increase use of renewable fuels. Since sugars/sugar derivatives from biomass have high oxygen content and low hydrogen content, coke becomes an issue during zeolite upgrading to liquid hydrocarbon fuels. A process was designed to reduce the coke by co-feeding sugars/sugar derivatives with a saturated recycle stream containing hydrogenated products.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 19, 2011Publication date: October 27, 2011Applicant: CONOCOPHILLIPS COMPANYInventors: Yun BAO, Edward L. SUGHRUE, II, Jianhua YAO, TiePan SHI, Kristi A. FJARE, Lisa L. MYERS, Ronald E. BROWN
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Patent number: 8013196Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of ethylene, comprising the steps of a) thermally converting, by a pyrolysis or a partial oxidation process, a feed charge containing methane into an acetylene containing effluent, and b) in situ hydrogenating, by a non-catalytic reaction, the acetylene produced in the first step into ethylene by intimately mixing the acetylene containing effluent with an ethane feed. The process according to the invention is more efficient than other synthesis schemes, while simplifying the overall process design. This process thus offers an economically attractive scheme for mass production of ethylene from natural gas, based on a well-known and proven acetylene route.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 2006Date of Patent: September 6, 2011Assignee: Saudi Basic Industries CorporationInventors: Aggadin Mamedov, Saeed Al-Wahabi, Yungyi Lin, Mohamed Sabri Abdelghani, Akram Al-Alwan
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Patent number: 7989670Abstract: This invention relates to processes to produce liquid poly-alpha-olefins (PAOs) having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of more than 20 cSt in the presence of a metallocene catalyst with a non-coordinating anion activator and hydrogen.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 2007Date of Patent: August 2, 2011Assignee: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Margaret May-Som Wu, Catalina L. Coker, John F. Walzer, Jr., Peijun Jiang, Steven P. Rucker
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Publication number: 20110172475Abstract: Isobutene, isoprene, and butadiene are obtained from mixtures of C4 and/or C5 olefins by dehydrogenation. The C4 and/or C5 olefins can be obtained by dehydration of C4 and C5 alcohols, for example, renewable C4 and C5 alcohols prepared from biomass by thermochemical or fermentation processes. Isoprene or butadiene can be polymerized to form polymers such as polyisoprene, polybutadiene, synthetic rubbers such as butyl rubber, etc. in addition, butadiene can be converted to monomers such as methyl methacrylate, adipic acid, adiponitrile, 1,4-butadiene, etc. which can then be polymerized to form nylons, polyesters, polymethylmethacrylate etc.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 7, 2011Publication date: July 14, 2011Applicant: GEVO, INC.Inventors: Matthew W. PETERS, Joshua D. Taylor, David E. Henton, Leo E. Manzer
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Publication number: 20110160489Abstract: In a process for reducing the level of tert-butylbenzene in a mixed butylbenzene feed comprising tert-butylbenzene and sec-butylbenzene, the feed is contacted under dealkylation conditions with a catalyst system comprising a dealkylation catalyst whereby the tert-butylbenzene is selectively dealkylated to produce an effluent stream which comprises benzene and which has a lower concentration of tert-butylbenzene than said feed.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 4, 2009Publication date: June 30, 2011Inventors: Jihad M. Dakka, Jane C. Cheng, John Buchanan
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Publication number: 20110152577Abstract: In a process for producing sec-butylbenzene, a C4 olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock comprising isobutene and at least one n-butene is contacted with methanol and/or water in the presence of an acid catalyst to selectively oxygenate isobutene to produce an effluent stream rich in n-butene and containing less isobutene than the feedstock. The effluent stream is then contacted with benzene under alkylation conditions and in the presence of an alkylation catalyst to produce alkylation stream comprising sec-butylbenzene.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 4, 2009Publication date: June 23, 2011Inventors: John S. Buchanan, Jon E.R. Stanat, James R. Lattner, Jane C. Cheng
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Patent number: 7964761Abstract: Processes for conversion of lignin to liquid products such as bio-fuels and fuel additives are disclosed and described. A process for conversion of a lignin material to bio-fuels can include subjecting the lignin material to a base catalyzed depolymerization reaction to produce a partially depolymerized lignin. The partially depolymerized lignin can then be subjected to a stabilization/partial hydrodeoxygenation reaction to form a partially hydrodeoxygenated product. Following partial hydrodeoxygenation, the partially hydrodeoxygenated product can be reacted in a hydroprocessing step to form a bio-fuel. Each of these reaction steps can be performed in single or multiple steps, depending on the design of the process. The production of an intermediate partially hydrodeoxygenation product and subsequent reaction thereof can significantly reduce or eliminate reactor plugging and catalyst coking.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 2007Date of Patent: June 21, 2011Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventors: Wlodzimierz W. Zmierczak, Jan D. Miller
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Publication number: 20110137092Abstract: A prolongated silica bound zeolite support comprising from about 85 wt % to about 95 wt % zeolite. A catalyst composition comprising a prolongated silica bound zeolite supporting at least one Group VIII metal and at least one halide. A process of making a prolongated silica bound zeolite support comprising mixing a zeolite, a prolongated silica, and water to form a mixture, and shaping the mixture into the prolongated silica bound zeolite support. A process of making a prolongated silica bound zeolite catalyst comprising mixing a zeolite, a prolongated silica, and water to form a mixture, shaping the mixture into a prolongated silica bound zeolite support, and adding one or more catalytic compounds to the prolongated silica bound zeolite support to form the prolongated silica bound zeolite catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 16, 2011Publication date: June 9, 2011Applicant: CHEVRON PHILLIPS CHEMICAL COMPANY LPInventor: Gyanesh P. Khare
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Publication number: 20110130600Abstract: There is provided a method for producing cycloolefin where the nickel which elutes in the liquid-contact portion of the reactor is removed from the reaction system of the partial hydrogenation reaction and cycloolefin can be stably produced from a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon over a long term.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 12, 2009Publication date: June 2, 2011Inventor: Mitsuo Konishi
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Publication number: 20110118516Abstract: A process for producing a feedstock for gasolines having very little aromatic concentrations is disclosed. The present process uses by-product olefins and alkanes to produce an alkylate for use in gasoline blending.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 25, 2011Publication date: May 19, 2011Applicant: UOP LLCInventors: John J. Senetar, David A. Wegerer, Gavin P. Towler
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Publication number: 20110113679Abstract: Methods are provided for refining natural oil feedstocks. The methods comprise reacting the feedstock in the presence of a metathesis catalyst under conditions sufficient to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise separating the olefins from the esters in the metathesized product. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise hydrogenating the olefins under conditions sufficient to form a fuel composition. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise transesterifying the esters in the presence of an alcohol to form a transesterified product.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 11, 2010Publication date: May 19, 2011Inventors: Steven A. Cohen, Melvin L. Luetkens, JR., Chander Balakrishnan, Robert Snyder
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Publication number: 20110054227Abstract: Processes and an apparatus for hydrogenating highly unsaturated hydrocarbons contained in an effluent stream to an unsaturated hydrocarbons or isomerizing the highly unsaturated hydrocarbons to other highly unsaturated hydrocarbons are provided. The effluent stream is contacted with a guard bed to remove at least a portion of impurities contained within the process stream and to isomerize at least a portion of the highly unsaturated hydrocarbons. In an aspect, the guard bed comprises a solid sulfur adsorption/isomerization catalyst composition. In an aspect, the effluent stream is contacted with a catalyst that comprises an inorganic support, palladium, and silver.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 26, 2010Publication date: March 3, 2011Applicant: CHEVRON PHILLIPS CHEMICAL COMPANY LPInventors: Tin-Tack Peter Cheung, Marvin M. Johnson, Darin B. Tiedtke
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Publication number: 20100317905Abstract: The invention relates to the use of biomethanol from the pulp industry in the production of biohydrogen. The preferred biomethanol comprises purified biomethanol derived from black liquor. The invention also relates to a process for the production of biohydrogen from crude biomethanol recovered from black liquor and to a process for producing hydrocarbon biofuel using such biohydrogen as a hydrogen source. The invention further relates to a biofuel production facility for producing fuel from biohydrogen and biohydrocarbon, and to biofuel so produced. The invention makes it possible to produce a biofuel, wherein 100% of the raw material stems from non-fossil sources.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 29, 2008Publication date: December 16, 2010Applicant: UPM-KYMMENE OYJInventors: Petri Kukkonen, Pekka Knuuttila, Pekka Jokela
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Publication number: 20100312029Abstract: A method for dehydroaromatizing methane by contacting a feedstream that contains methane, in a circulating fluid bed reactor/regenerator, with a catalyst and under conditions sufficient to dehydroaromatize methane and produce at least one liquid aromatic compound such as benzene, toluene or naphthalene and hydrogenated products such as cyclohexane and decahydronaphthalene. The method may also be used to produce hydrogen. The feedstream may be a natural gas feedstock. The method may include one step and two step catalyst regeneration.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 17, 2008Publication date: December 9, 2010Applicant: Dow Global Technologies Inc.Inventors: Robert J. Gulotty, JR., Joseph E. Pelati, Arthur R. Prunier, JR., Albert E. Schweizer, JR.
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Publication number: 20100305374Abstract: In a process for converting methane to aromatic hydrocarbons, a feed containing methane is supplied to one or more reaction zone(s) containing catalytic material operating under reaction conditions effective to convert at least a portion of the methane to aromatic hydrocarbons; the reaction zone(s) being operated with an inverse temperature profile.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 5, 2010Publication date: December 2, 2010Inventors: Larry L. Iaccino, Elizabeth L. Stavens, Neeraj Sangar, Jeremy J. Patt
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Publication number: 20100305373Abstract: The present invention refers to a procedure for obtaining a linear monoalkylaromatic compound, with adjustable 2-phenyl isomer content and an extremely low sulphonation color, in which a catalytic system is used based on highly stable and active solid catalysts and with a high selectivity for linear monoalkylaromatic compounds.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 4, 2007Publication date: December 2, 2010Applicant: CEPSA QUIMICA, S.A.Inventors: José Luis Berna Tejero, José Luis Almeida
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Publication number: 20100234476Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of ethylene, comprising the following steps of: (a) thermally converting a feed charge containing methane into acetylene as an intermediate, (b) in-situ hydrogenation of the acetylene produced in step (a) into ethylene by a non-catalytic hydrogen transfer mechanism, characterized by (c) recovering heat from hot effluents obtained in step (b) which may be utilized for different purposes.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 18, 2007Publication date: September 16, 2010Inventors: Yungyi Lin, Mohamed Abdelghani
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Publication number: 20100234654Abstract: Provided are processes for making one or more unsaturated oligomeric acids and one or more saturated hydrocarbons. In one form, a process for making one or more saturated hydrocarbons includes oligomerizing one or more unsaturated carboxylic acids having from 4 to 38 carbon atoms in the presence of a molecular sieve catalyst to form one or more unsaturated oligomeric acids including less than 90% by weight of cyclic oligomers, and hydrogenating the one or more unsaturated oligomeric acids via contact with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form one or more saturated hydrocarbons. The oligomerizing of unsaturated fatty acids is from renewable biological sources to form dimer acids. The one or more saturated hydrocarbons are useful as lubricant base oils.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 4, 2010Publication date: September 16, 2010Inventors: Kun Wang, Margaret May-Som Wu, David Lawrence Stern
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Publication number: 20100143429Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to the detection of the Emerald Ash Borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptra: B-prestidae) and in particular to the use of contact sex phenomones therefor. Analyses of the elytral hydrocarbons from male and female emerald ash borer, that were freshly emerged vs. sexually mature (>10 days old) revealed a female-specific compound, 9-methyl-pentacosane (9-Me-C25), only present in sexually mature females. This material was synthesized by the Wittig reaction of 2-decanone with (n-hexadecyl)-triphenylphosphonium bromide followed by catalytic reduction to yield racemic 9-Me C25, which matched the natural compound by GC/MS (retention time and EI-mass spectrum). In field bioassays with freeze-killed sexually mature A. planipennis females, feral males spent significantly more time in contact and attempting copulation with unwashed females than with females that had been washed in n-hexane to remove the cuticular hydrocarbons.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 23, 2009Publication date: June 10, 2010Inventors: Peter Silk, Jon Sweeney, Krista Ryall, Barry Lyons
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Publication number: 20090137854Abstract: The process as described herein produces a moderately aromatic isoparaffinic base oil from a distillate range product. This process comprises: (a) providing a distillate range paraffin feed comprising paraffins and cycloparaffins; (b) mildly reforming the distillate range paraffin feed to convert at least a portion of the cycloparaffins to alkylaromatics and provide a mildly reformed distillate range stream; (c) treating a stream comprising the mildly reformed distillate range stream in a molecular redistribution reactor to provide a distributed stream; (d) dewaxing at least a portion of the distributed stream to provide a dewaxed stream; (e) combining at least a portion of the dewaxed stream with the stream to be processed in the molecular redistribution reactor to provide the distributed stream; and (f) isolating a moderately aromatic isoparaffinic base oil from the dewaxed stream.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 28, 2007Publication date: May 28, 2009Applicant: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventor: Dennis J. O'Rear
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Publication number: 20080249341Abstract: A method for preparing the low carbon number petrochemical products along with the high energy fuels from pyrolysis gasoline is provided. In this method, the pyrolysis gasoline is used as feedstock, and the reactive non-aromatic, unsaturated moieties, and the sulfur impurity contained in the pyrolysis gasoline are removed. Then the stabilized feedstock is used to produce C5 olefins, C6-C9 aromatic hydrocarbons as petrochemical products, and C10+ hydrocarbons as precursors of high energy fuels. Upon acid catalytic isomerization, or upon crystallization followed by acid catalytic isomerization, the C10+ hydrocarbons as precursors of high energy fuels are converted to exo-isomers as high energy fuels.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 9, 2007Publication date: October 9, 2008Inventors: Ying-Yen Tsao, Chyuan-Neng Liao, Chi-Yu Chen, Chin-Ming Lin, Kuo-Min Wei
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Patent number: 7429553Abstract: This invention relates to a method for reducing the toxicity of a mixture of hydrocarbons by means of fractional distillation, a distillate having a reduced toxicity and a composition including the distillate.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 2007Date of Patent: September 30, 2008Assignee: Petroleum Oil and Gas Corporation of South Africa (Pty) Ltd.Inventors: Carl Dunlop, Stewart Hlohloza, Petrus Johannes Hoffmann, Cyril David Knottenbelt, Leon Walliser
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Patent number: 7393993Abstract: The process of the invention comprises contacting a hydrocarbon stream, comprising light olefins plus impurities such as acetylenes, in the absence of hydrogen with a supported copper catalyst, preferably CuO/alumina. The acetylene component undergoes a coupling reaction producing a diacetylene which can be more readily removed. Thus, the methylacetylene (MA) contaminant in liquid propylene yields at about 80° C. and 3792 kPa (550 psig) a significant amount dimethyl diacetylene (2,4-hexadiyne). Surprisingly, very little cyclization products are present. The process is useful for purification of olefin feeds. It can be used alone or in combination with known purification methods such as catalytic distillation or selective hydrogenation.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 2006Date of Patent: July 1, 2008Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: Vladislav I. Kanazirev, David E. Mackowiak
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Patent number: 7329787Abstract: A process is described for transforming an initial hydrocarbon feed containing 4 to 15 carbon atoms, limits included, into a hydrocarbon fraction having an improved octane number and a hydrocarbon fraction with a high cetane number.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 2003Date of Patent: February 12, 2008Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Patrick Briot, Vincent Coupard, Alain Forestiere, Eric Llido
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Patent number: 7326817Abstract: This invention relates to a method for reducing the toxicity of a mixture of hydrocarbons by means of fractional distillation, a distillate having a reduced toxicity and a composition including the distillate.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 2004Date of Patent: February 5, 2008Assignee: Petroleum Oil and Gas Corporation of South Africa (Pty) Ltd.Inventors: Carl Dunlop, Stewart Hlohloza, Petrus Johannes Hoffmann, Cyril David Knottenbelt, Leon Walliser
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Patent number: 7176342Abstract: A method for the preparation of hydrogenated hydrocarbons comprising a preliminary treatment of natural gas with a catalyst at a high temperature and the subsequent hydrogenation of the mixture of cyclic and/or aromatic hydrocarbons formed.Type: GrantFiled: January 25, 2001Date of Patent: February 13, 2007Assignee: Enitecnologie S.p.A.Inventors: Giuseppe Bellussi, Alberto DelBianco, Luigina Maria Flora Sabatino, Roberto Zennaro, Mario Molinari
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Patent number: 7022784Abstract: A liquid polymer suitable for use as a lubricant base oil is produced by polymerizing ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin using a metallocene catalyst to provide a polymer which is then isomerized and hydrogenated to produce the liquid polymer.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 2003Date of Patent: April 4, 2006Assignee: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Margaret May-Som Wu, Steven P. Rucker, Richard T. Spissell, Steven Edward Donnachie
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Patent number: 6858766Abstract: The present invention provides a process for selectively hydrogenating C2-C10 greater unsaturated hydrocarbons (acetylenes and diolefins) at the upstream side of a front depropanizer or front deethanizer in an olefin production plant. After passing through a mixed phase hydrogenation reactor to selectively hydrogenate, the olefin plant process stream passes to a front depropanizer or front deethanizer. The process according to the present invention is able to selectively hydrogenate C2-C10 greater unsaturated hydrocarbons (including acetylene), to reduce the number of equipments, the amount of equipment fouling and the energy consumption.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 2001Date of Patent: February 22, 2005Inventors: Wei Dai, Lihua Liao, Jing Zhu, Yanlai Guo, Hui Peng, Wei Mu, Shuo Chen
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Publication number: 20040186331Abstract: A process is described for transforming an initial hydrocarbon feed containing 4 to 15 carbon atoms, limits included, into a hydrocarbon fraction having an improved octane number and a hydrocarbon fraction with a high cetane number.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 22, 2003Publication date: September 23, 2004Inventors: Patrick Briot, Vincent Coupard, Alain Forestiere, Eric LLido
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Patent number: 6717022Abstract: Acetylenic compounds in olefin streams such as mixed 1,3-butadiene were selectively hydrogenated over the supported copper catalysts on highly porous supports such as alumina, silica, etc. The preferred supports have the average pore diameter larger than about 200 Å, no micro pores, total pore volume larger than about 0.65 cc/g, and preferably less than about 230 m2/g BET surface area. The copper catalysts were preferably promoted with the Group VIII metal such as palladium to improve low activity of copper catalyst. The product stream typically contains less than 20 ppm total alkynes. Also the copper catalysts and the palladium promoted copper catalysts may be modified with zinc oxide to improve the performance of the catalysts. The reactor was loaded with two or more copper catalysts promoted with different levels of palladium.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 2003Date of Patent: April 6, 2004Assignee: Catalytic Distillation TechnologiesInventors: J. Yong Ryu, Gary R. Gildert
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Patent number: RE40752Abstract: The invention pertains to a process of removing dienes from an olefin feedstock. A preferred olefin feedstock is for the production of primary alcohol compositions by skeletal isomerization of the olefins followed by hydroformylation. In this preferred embodiment, the olefin feedstock may be purified before and/or after skeletal isomerization. The olefins in the feedstock preferably have a carbon chain length of about 8 to about 36 carbon atoms, preferably about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, most preferably about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 2002Date of Patent: June 16, 2009Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Paul B. Himelfarb, Cornelius Mark Bolinger