With Nonhydrocarbon Additive Patents (Class 585/2)
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Publication number: 20090272352Abstract: Provided herein are, among other things, jet fuel compositions and methods of making and using the same. In some embodiments, the fuel compositions comprise at least a fuel component readily and efficiently produced, at least in part, from a microorganism. In certain embodiments, the fuel compositions provided herein comprise a high concentration of at least a bioengineered fuel component. In further embodiments, the fuel compositions provided herein comprise amorphane.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 29, 2009Publication date: November 5, 2009Applicant: Amyris Biotechnologies, Inc.Inventor: Jason A. Ryder
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Patent number: 7473345Abstract: Lubricant blends and finished gear oils comprising a lubricant base oil fraction derived from highly paraffinic wax, a petroleum derived base oil, and a pour point depressant are provided. The lubricant base oil fraction derived from highly paraffinic wax comprises less than 0.30 weight percent aromatics, greater than 5 weight percent molecules with cycloparaffinic functionality, and a ratio of weight percent of molecules with monocycloparaffinic functionality to weight percent of molecules with multicycloparaffinic functionality greater than 15. The petroleum derived base oils comprises greater than 90 weight percent saturates and less than 300 ppm sulfur and is preferably selected from the group consisting of a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, and mixtures thereof. These lubricant blends have surprising low Brookfield viscosities at ?40° C.Type: GrantFiled: December 2, 2004Date of Patent: January 6, 2009Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: John M. Rosenbaum, Stephen J. Miller, Joseph M. Pudlak
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Patent number: 7473716Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and at least one hydrocarbon selected from the group n-pentane, iso-pentane, cyclopentane, n-hexane and iso-hexane are provided. The compositions of the invention are useful in the preparation of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 2003Date of Patent: January 6, 2009Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.Inventors: Hilde Lund, legal representative, Robert Christian Parker, Ian Robert Shankland, Earl August Eugene Lund
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Patent number: 7384536Abstract: Lubricant blends and finished gear oils comprising a Fischer-Tropsch derived lubricant base oil fraction, a petroleum derived base oil, and a pour point depressant are provided. The Fischer-Tropsch derived lubricant base oil fraction comprises less than 0.30 weight percent aromatics, greater than 5 weight percent molecules with cycloparaffinic functionality, and a ratio of weight percent of molecules with monocycloparaffinic functionality to weight percent of molecules with multicycloparaffinic functionality greater than 15. The petroleum derived base oils comprises greater than 90 weight percent saturates and less than 300 ppm sulfur and is preferably selected from the group consisting of a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, and mixtures thereof. These lubricant blends have surprising low Brookfield viscosities at ?40° C.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 2004Date of Patent: June 10, 2008Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: John M. Rosenbaum, Stephen J. Miller, Joseph M. Pudlak
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Patent number: 7371906Abstract: A process for improving the stability to photo-oxidation of a polycyclic aromatic compound having at least two polymorphic forms comprises treating a first polymorph with one or more solvents to obtain the more stable second polymorph and then separating the second polymorph from the solvent.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 2004Date of Patent: May 13, 2008Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: William J. Begley, William F. Nichols, Manju Rajeswaran, Natasha Andrievsky, Michael R. Landry
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Patent number: 7329772Abstract: A method of making a hindered phenolic antioxidant is disclosed wherein the method comprises: reacting an ester of the formula: wherein R1, R2, and R3 are independently selected alkyl groups and n is 0, 1, or 2, with an aliphatic polyhydroxyl alcohol of the general formula R(OH)n wherein R is an aliphatic group of from 2 to about 12 carbon atoms and n is an integer of from 2 to 7, provided that one hydroxyl is primary and the others are secondary or tertiary, in the presence of a strong acid catalyst; then, neutralizing the strong acid catalyst with an overbased detergent; and isolating the hindered phenolic antioxidant after the neutralization step.Type: GrantFiled: April 29, 2004Date of Patent: February 12, 2008Assignee: Crompton CorporationInventor: John R. Baranski
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Publication number: 20070208204Abstract: A polymerization inhibitor for stabilizing olefinically unsaturated monomers containing at least one compound of formula (1) and/or (2) according to the invention. Stabilized monomer compositions.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 5, 2007Publication date: September 6, 2007Applicant: DEGUSSA GmbHInventors: Oliver Meyer, Phillip James, Oliver Erpeldinger, Frank Kraushaar
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Patent number: 7144497Abstract: A process for producing a lubricating base oil blend which comprises (a) recovering a Fischer-Tropsch derived distillate fraction characterized by a kinematic viscosity of about 2 cSt or greater but less than 3 cSt at 100 degrees C.; and (b) blending the Fischer-Tropsch derived distillate fraction with a petroleum derived base oil selected from the group consisting of a Group I base oil, a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, and a mixture of two or more of any of the foregoing conventional base oils in the proper proportion to produce a lubricating base oil blend characterized as having a viscosity of about 3 or greater; also the base oil blends, finished lubricants, and their use in internal combustion engines.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 2002Date of Patent: December 5, 2006Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Brent K. Lok, David Kramer, John M. Rosenbaum, Joseph Pudlak
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Patent number: 7096942Abstract: A method for treating a relatively permeable formation containing heavy hydrocarbons in situ may include providing heat from one or more heat sources to a portion of the formation. The heat may be allowed to transfer from the heat sources to a selected section of the formation. The transferred heat may pyrolyze at least some hydrocarbons within the selected section. A mixture of hydrocarbons may be produced from the selected section. In some embodiments, pressure may be controlled to produce a desired property in the produced mixture.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 2002Date of Patent: August 29, 2006Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Eric Pierre de Rouffignac, Ilya Emil Berchenko, Thomas David Fowler, Robert Charles Ryan, Gordon Thomas Shahin, Jr., George Leo Stegemeier, Harold J. Vinegar, Scott Lee Wellington, Etuan Zhang
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Patent number: 7040400Abstract: A method for treating a relatively low permeability formation containing heavy hydrocarbons in situ may include providing heat from one or more heat sources to a portion of the formation. The heat may be allowed to transfer from the heat sources to a selected section of the formation. The transferred heat may pyrolyze at least some hydrocarbons within the selected section. A mixture of hydrocarbons may be produced from the selected section. In certain embodiments, one or more heat sources may be placed in an uncased wellbore.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 2002Date of Patent: May 9, 2006Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Eric Pierre de Rouffignac, Ilya Emil Berchenko, Thomas David Fowler, Bruce Gerard Hunsucker, John Michael Karanikas, Charles Robert Keedy, Robert Charles Ryan, Harold J. Vinegar, Scott Lee Wellington, Etuan Zhang
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Patent number: 7040399Abstract: An oil shale formation may be treated using an in situ thermal process. A mixture of hydrocarbons, H2, and/or other formation fluids may be produced from the formation. Heat may be applied to the formation to raise a temperature of a portion of the formation to a desired temperature. A heating rate for a selected volume of the formation may be controlled by altering an amount of heating energy per day that is provided to the selected volume.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 2002Date of Patent: May 9, 2006Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Scott Lee Wellington, Ilya Emil Berchenko, Eric Pierre de Rouffignac, Thomas David Fowler, Robert Charles Ryan, Gordon Thomas Shahin, Jr., George Leo Stegemeier, Harold J. Vinegar, Etuan Zhang
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Patent number: 6994160Abstract: A hydrocarbon containing formation may be treated using an in situ thermal process. A mixture of hydrocarbons, H2, and/or other formation fluids may be produced from the formation. Heat may be applied to the formation to raise a temperature of a portion of the formation to a pyrolysis temperature. An average temperature and/or pressure within the formation may be controlled to inhibit production of hydrocarbons that have carbon numbers greater than a selected carbon number. In some embodiments, the selected carbon number is 25. A small number of hydrocarbons having carbon numbers greater than the selected carbon number may be entrained in vapor produced from the formation.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 2001Date of Patent: February 7, 2006Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Scott Lee Wellington, Harold J. Vinegar, Eric Pierre de Rouffignac, Ilya Emil Berchenko, George Leo Stegemeier, Etuan Zhang, Gordon Thomas Shahin, Jr., Thomas David Fowler, Robert Charles Ryan
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Patent number: 6923257Abstract: An oil shale formation may be treated using an in situ thermal process. Hydrocarbons, H2, and/or other formation fluids may be produced from the formation. Heat may be applied to the formation to raise a temperature of a portion of the formation to a pyrolysis temperature. Heat input into the formation may be controlled to maintain a temperature below about a maximum selected temperature.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 2002Date of Patent: August 2, 2005Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Scott Lee Wellington, Ilya Emil Berchenko, Eric Pierre de Rouffignac, Thomas David Fowler, John Michael Karanikas, Robert Charles Ryan, Gordon Thomas Shahin, Jr., George Leo Stegemeier, Harold J. Vinegar, Etuan Zhang
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Patent number: 6923258Abstract: A hydrocarbon containing formation may be treated using an in situ thermal process. A mixture of hydrocarbons, H2, and/or other formation fluids may be produced from the formation. Heat may be applied to the formation to raise a temperature of a portion of the formation to a pyrolysis temperature. The mixture produced from the formation may have a relatively high hydrogen partial pressure, and a large portion of the pressure within the formation may be attributable to hydrogen partial pressure.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 2003Date of Patent: August 2, 2005Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Scott Lee Wellington, Harold J. Vinegar, Eric Pierre de Rouffignac, Ilya Emil Berchenko, George Leo Stegemeier, Etuan Zhang, Gordon Thomas Shahin, Jr., Thomas David Fowler, Robert Charles Ryan
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Patent number: 6918442Abstract: An oil shale formation may be treated using an in situ thermal process. A mixture of hydrocarbons, H2, and/or other formation fluids may be produced from the formation. Heat may be applied to the formation to raise a temperature of a portion of the formation to a pyrolysis temperature. A reducing environment may be maintained within a portion of the formation.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 2002Date of Patent: July 19, 2005Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Scott Lee Wellington, Ilya Emil Berchenko, Eric Pierre de Rouffignac, Thomas David Fowler, Robert Charles Ryan, Gordon Thomas Shahin, Jr., George Leo Stegemeier, Harold J. Vinegar, Etuan Zhang
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Patent number: 6833484Abstract: The present invention relates blended hydrocarbonaceous products comprising Fischer Tropsch derived products that resist oxidation and to methods of inhibiting oxidation in Fischer Tropsch products. The present invention also relates to Fischer Tropsch products containing an effective amount of a petroleum-derived hydrocarbonaceous product such that the Fischer Tropsch product resists oxidation.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 2001Date of Patent: December 21, 2004Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventor: Dennis J. O'Rear
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Publication number: 20040254409Abstract: A process for the conversion of oxygenates to hydrocarbons comprising contacting a feed stream comprising oxygenates with a catalyst containing a microporous material under oxygenate conversion conditions, wherein the catalyst contains a crystalline microporous material with intra-crystalline mesopores. The invention also includes a composition for use in the above process.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 7, 2004Publication date: December 16, 2004Inventors: Ton V.W. Janssens, Soren Dahl, Claus Hviid Christensen
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Patent number: 6803492Abstract: The invention relates to an additive for improving the cold-flow properties of crude and distillate oils, where the additive is obtainable by extraction of crude oil with supercritical gas.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 2002Date of Patent: October 12, 2004Assignee: Clariant International Ltd.Inventors: Michael Feustel, Hans-Jörg Oschmann, Utha Kentschke
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Patent number: 6797846Abstract: A crystal substance formed by precipitating as fibrous aggregates by making a metal aliphatic carboxylate dissolve completely in pure water, stirring, and gradually cooling the resulting solution. A method of preparing the fibrous crystal aggregates. A material for recovering flowing oil and method of recovering flowing oil by using the fibrous crystal aggregates. A material for solidifying liquid hydrocarbon, waste tempura oil and edible oil and method of solidifying liquid hydrocarbon, waste tempura oil and edible oil by using the fibrous crystal aggregates. A method of preparing the solidifying material.Type: GrantFiled: March 11, 2002Date of Patent: September 28, 2004Assignees: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Okamura Oil, Mill, Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Sakaguchi, Yoshishige Kida, Seizi Iseki
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Publication number: 20040177958Abstract: A method of treating a hydrocarbon containing formation is described. The method may include providing a hydrocarbon recovery composition to the hydrocarbon containing formation. Hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon containing formation may interact with the hydrocarbon recovery composition. The hydrocarbon recovery composition may include an aliphatic anionic surfactant and an aliphatic nonionic additive. In some embodiments, an aliphatic anionic surfactant may be branched. In other embodiments, an aliphatic nonionic additive may be branched.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 11, 2003Publication date: September 16, 2004Inventors: Paul Gregory Shpakoff, Kirk Herbert Raney
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Patent number: 6761818Abstract: The invention includes a compositon of matter comprising a heavy oil having dispersed therein surface modified solid wherein said surface modified solids comprise solids having adsorbed thereon air oxidized polar hydrocarbons from said heavy oil and wherein said surface modified solids have a diameter of about 10 microns or less and a method for preparing the same.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 2003Date of Patent: July 13, 2004Assignee: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Ramesh Varadaraj, James Chi Sung
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Patent number: 6742588Abstract: A hydrocarbon containing formation may be treated using an in situ thermal process. A mixture of hydrocarbons, H2, and/or other formation fluids may be produced from the formation. Heat may be applied to the formation to raise a temperature of a portion of the formation to a pyrolysis temperature. A hydrocarbon condensate produced from the formation may be a high quality oil that has a low olefin content.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 2001Date of Patent: June 1, 2004Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Scott Lee Wellington, Harold J. Vinegar, Eric Pierre de Rouffignac, Ilya Emil Berchenko, George Leo Stegemeier, Etuan Zhang, Gordon Thomas Shahin, Jr., Thomas David Fowler, Robert Charles Ryan
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Publication number: 20040092408Abstract: A grease for rock bit lubrication and other high temperature bearing applications is provided comprising a high viscosity index polyalphaolefin synthetic base fluid in combination with an alkylated naphthalene base fluid.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 30, 2003Publication date: May 13, 2004Applicant: Tomlin Scientific, Inc.Inventors: Thomas F. Willey, Ryan J. Willey, Scott T. Willey
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Patent number: 6729396Abstract: A coal formation may be treated using an in situ thermal process. A mixture of hydrocarbons, H2, and/or other formation fluids may be produced from the formation. Heat may be applied to the formation to raise a temperature of a portion of the formation to a pyrolysis temperature. An average temperature and/or pressure within the formation may be controlled to inhibit production of hydrocarbons that have carbon numbers greater than 25. A small amount of hydrocarbons having carbon numbers greater than 25 may be entrained in vapor produced from the formation.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 2001Date of Patent: May 4, 2004Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Harold J. Vinegar, Scott Lee Wellington, Eric Pierre de Rouffignac, John Michael Karanikas, Ilya Emil Berchenko, George Leo Stegemeier, Etuan Zhang, Thomas David Fowler, Robert Charles Ryan
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Publication number: 20040077505Abstract: A lubricant composition comprising a base oil and one or more additives wherein the lubricant composition has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of more than 5.6 cSt, a cold cranking simulated dynamic viscosity at −35° C. according to ASTM D 5293 of less than 62 centiPoise (cP) and a mini rotary viscosity test value of less than 60000 cP according to ASTM d 4684, wherein the base oil has been obtained from a waxy paraffinic Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 13, 2003Publication date: April 22, 2004Inventors: Mervyn Frank Daniel, Gilbert Robert Bernard Germaine, David John Wedlock
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Patent number: 6717021Abstract: A solvating component for a solvated mesophase pitch. The solvated component includes a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons having boiling points in the atmospheric equivalent boiling point range of about 285° to about 500° C. (about 550° F.-932° F.). At least 80% of the carbon atoms of the hydrocarbons are aromatic as characterized by carbon 13 NMR. The aromatic hydrocarbons are selected from a group consisting of aromatic compounds having 2 to 5 aromatic rings, substituted aromatic compounds having 2 to 5 aromatic rings wherein said substituents are alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbons, hydroaromatic compounds having 2 to 5 rings, substituted aromatic compounds having 2 to 5 rings wherein said substituents are alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbons, and mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 2001Date of Patent: April 6, 2004Assignee: ConocoPhillips CompanyInventors: H. Ernest Romine, John A. Rodgers, W. Mark Southard, Edward J. Nanni
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Publication number: 20030205503Abstract: A method for inhibiting and dissolving the deposits formed on caustic or alkaline scrubbers used in scrubbing acidic gases such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, which are formed during the pyrolytic cracking of naphtha, ethane, and propane. The cracking operations produce certain oxygenated compounds such as vinyl acetate or acetaldehyde, which undergo polymerization under alkaline condition. The vinyl acetate on hydrolysis releases acetaldehyde under alkaline conditions. Amino acids such as 6 amino caproic acid and lactams such as epsilon caprolactam not only prevent but also dissolve the polymers formed by aldol condensation.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 29, 2002Publication date: November 6, 2003Inventors: Mahesh Subramaniyam, Bankar Prashant
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Patent number: 6638417Abstract: A traction drive fluid is provided containing a naphthenic compound represented by the formula: wherein R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R2 through R4 are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and A is a naphthenic hydrocarbon group, a saturated polycyclic hydrocarbon group, a naphthenic ester group, or a naphthenic carbonate group.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 2000Date of Patent: October 28, 2003Assignee: Nippon Mitsubishi Oil CorporationInventors: Noboru Ishida, Shinichi Shirahama, Tetsuo Okawa, Shigeki Matsui
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Patent number: 6610634Abstract: A two-cycle oil is disclosed consisting of a polybutene polymer, solvent and mineral oil which passes the JASO engine test for gasoline fueled two-cycle engines.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1997Date of Patent: August 26, 2003Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: George Mortimer Tiffany, III, George Conrad L'Heureux, John Henry Smythe
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Patent number: 6596911Abstract: A method and a composition used therein are disclosed for inhibiting formation of hydrocarbon hydrates. The composition comprises an onium compound, an amine salt and, optionally, a solvent.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 2001Date of Patent: July 22, 2003Assignee: Baker Hughes IncorporationInventors: John L. Przybylinski, Gordon T. Rivers
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Publication number: 20030135076Abstract: The invention includes a compositon of matter comprising a heavy oil having dispersed therein surface modified solid wherein said surface modified solids comprise solids having adsorbed thereon air oxidized polar hydrocarbons from said heavy oil and wherein said surface modified solids have a diameter of about 10 microns or less and a method for preparing the same.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 17, 2003Publication date: July 17, 2003Inventors: Ramesh Varadaraj, James Chi Sung
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Patent number: 6586488Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and at least one hydrocarbon selected from the group n-pentane, iso-pentane, cyclopentane, n-hexane and iso-hexane are provided. The compositions of the invention are useful in the preparation of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 1997Date of Patent: July 1, 2003Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.Inventor: Ian Robert Shankland
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Publication number: 20030114320Abstract: A synthetic lubricant base stock is provided hang a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of from 5 to about 300 cS and a VI greater than 100. The base stock comprises random co-oligomers of an alpha olefin or mixtures thereof and an olefinic substituted aromatic compound which co-oligomers are prepared in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 10, 2002Publication date: June 19, 2003Inventors: Margaret May-Som Wu, Steven Edward Donnachie, James Thomas Carey, Walter David Vann, Norman Yang, Dilip Surana
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Publication number: 20030109760Abstract: It has been discovered that the polymerization of unsaturated compounds, such as butadiene, may be inhibited by the addition of a diene and/or alkanolamine inhibitor. The inhibitor is believed to catalytically destroy peroxides present, such as hydrogen peroxide, which may be present in trace amounts. Particularly useful inhibitors include, but are not limited to, ethylenediamine (EDA) and monoethanolamine (MEA).Type: ApplicationFiled: January 3, 2003Publication date: June 12, 2003Inventor: Muslim D. Shahid
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Methods of solidifying low-boiling-point hydrocarbon and handling the same, and regeneration thereof
Patent number: 6570045Abstract: Disclosed are a method of solidifying a low-boiling-point hydrocarbon, wherein the low-boiling-point hydrocarbon (including hydrocarbons which are gaseous at ordinary temperature) is brought into contact with a metal salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid, and if necessary a high-boiling-point hydrocarbon, suspended in water, to form a solid aggregate substance, a method of handling the low-boiling-point hydrocarbon, wherein the solid aggregate substance is stored or transported, and a method of regenerating the low-boiling-point hydrocarbon, wherein the solid aggregate substance is decomposed by opening or heating, to obtain the low-boiling-point hydrocarbon. According to the methods, a wide variety of gaseous and highly volatile liquid hydrocarbons can be safely and easily solidified without using harmful reagent, and during storage, transportation, etc., the gaseous hydrocarbons and highly volatile liquids can be handled as a solid material.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 2002Date of Patent: May 27, 2003Assignee: Agency of Industrial Science and TechnologyInventors: Hiroshi Sakaguchi, Tomokazu Yoshimura, Rumiana Tzoneva, Takashi Masuda, Takahiro Sato, Akio Matsuda -
Patent number: 6562230Abstract: A process for preparing hydrocarbons in the lube base oil range, lube base oils and lube oil compositions from a fraction with an average molecular weight above a target molecular weight and a fraction with an average molecular weight below a target molecular weight via molecular averaging is described. The fractions can be obtained, for example, from Fischer-Tropsch reactions, and/or obtained from the distillation of crude oil. Molecular averaging converts the fractions to a product with a desired molecular weight, for use in preparing a lube oil composition. The product can optionally be isomerized to lower the pour point, and also can be blended with suitable additives for use as a lube oil composition.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1999Date of Patent: May 13, 2003Inventors: Dennis O'Rear, Russell R. Krug
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Patent number: 6524468Abstract: The invention includes a compositon of matter comprising a heavy oil having dispersed therein surface modified solid wherein said surface modified solids comprise solids having adsorbed thereon air oxidized polar hydrocarbons from said heavy oil and wherein said surface modified solids have a diameter of about 10 microns or less and a method for preparing the same.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 2001Date of Patent: February 25, 2003Assignee: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Ramesh Varadaraj, James Chi Sung
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Publication number: 20030013931Abstract: A process and an apparatus for producing a homogeneous mixture of a gaseous aromatic hydrocarbon and an oxygen-containing gas for catalytic gas-phase reactions, in particular a homogeneous mixture of gaseous o-xylene and/or naphthalene and air for preparing phthalic anhydride, are provided. The liquid aromatic hydrocarbon is atomized to form droplets having a diameter of less than 1 mm and injected into an oxygen-containing gas stream (12) preheated to above the boiling point of the aromatic hydrocarbon. According to the invention, the liquid aromatic hydrocarbon is atomized by means of nozzles (15) which form a hollow cone (16), preferably by means of swirl nozzles. The o-xylene/air mixture is advantageously produced in a chamber which is bounded by side walls (18) heated to above the boiling point of the hydrocarbon.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 24, 2002Publication date: January 16, 2003Inventors: Ulrich Block, Rolf Seubert, Bernhard Ulrich, Helmut Wunschmann
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Patent number: 6506806Abstract: A composition for reducing surface tension comprising from about 0.1% to about 0.5% by weight of a hydrocarbon surfactant and from 0.0001% to about 0.3% by weight of a fluorocarbon surfactant, provided that the hydrocarbon surfactant is present at less than or equal to 0.08% by weight when the fluorocarbon surfactant is present at greater than or equal to 0.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 2001Date of Patent: January 14, 2003Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Charles Kenneth Taylor, Kai Volker Schubert, Richard David Koehler
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Publication number: 20020193645Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of antioxidants in Fischer Tropsch derived products. The antioxidants of the present invention are preferably temporary antioxidants that may be removed after the period in which oxidation is expected by techniques such as simple distillation. The temporary antioxidants of the present invention are typically sulfur-containing compounds generated from sweetening light hydrocarbon streams.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 15, 2001Publication date: December 19, 2002Inventor: Dennis J. O'Rear
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Publication number: 20020193646Abstract: The present invention relates blended hydrocarbonaceous products comprising Fischer Tropsch derived products that resist oxidation and to methods of inhibiting oxidation in Fischer Tropsch products. The present invention also relates to Fischer Tropsch products containing an effective amount of a petroleum-derived hydrocarbonaceous product such that the Fischer Tropsch product resists oxidation.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 15, 2001Publication date: December 19, 2002Inventor: Dennis J. O'rear
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Patent number: 6475960Abstract: Premium synthetic lubricants comprise a synthetic isoparaffinic hydrocarbon base stock and an effective amount of at least one, and typically a plurality of lubricant additives such as a detergent, dispersant, antioxidant, antiwear additive, pout point depresant, VI improver and the like. The base stock is derived from a waxy, paraffinic, Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbon feed fraction having an initial boiling point in the range of about 650-750° F. and continuously boiling up to at least 1050° F., by a process which comprises hydroisomerizing the feed and dewaxing the isomerate. The waxy feed has a T90−T10 temperature difference of at least 350° F. and is preferably hydroisomerized without any pretreatment, other than optional fractionation. The lubricant may also contain hydrocarbonaceous and synthetic base stock material.Type: GrantFiled: September 4, 1998Date of Patent: November 5, 2002Assignee: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co.Inventors: Paul J. Berlowitz, Jacob J. Habeeb, Robert J. Wittenbrink
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Patent number: 6461421Abstract: This invention relates to a composition, comprising: (A) an odor-emitting hydrocarbonaceous material; and (B) an odor-suppressing amount of an aldehyde or a ketone, and a carboxylic acid ester.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 2000Date of Patent: October 8, 2002Inventor: Alan Jeffrey Ronvak
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Methods of solidifying low-boiling-point hydrocarbon and handling the same, and regeneration thereof
Patent number: 6417415Abstract: Disclosed are a method of solidifying a low-boiling-point hydrocarbon, wherein the low-boiling-point hydrocarbon (including hydrocarbons which are gaseous at ordinary temperature) is brought into contact with a metal salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid, and if necessary a high-boiling-point hydrocarbon, suspended in water, to form a solid aggregate substance, a method of handling the low-boiling-point hydrocarbon, wherein the solid aggregate substance is stored or transported, and a method of regenerating the low-boiling-point hydrocarbon, wherein the solid aggregate substance is decomposed by opening or heating, to obtain the low-boiling-point hydrocarbon. According to the methods, a wide variety of gaseous and highly volatile liquid hydrocarbons can be safely and easily solidified without using harmful reagent, and during storage, transportation, etc., the gaseous hydrocarbons and highly volatile liquids can be handled as a solid material.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 2000Date of Patent: July 9, 2002Assignee: Agency of Industrial Science and TechnologyInventors: Hiroshi Sakaguchi, Tomokazu Yoshimura, Rumiana Tzoneva, Takashi Masuda, Takahiro Sato, Akio Matsuda -
Patent number: 6409887Abstract: A monomer composition, stabilized against premature polymerization, comprising: a) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer or mixture of monomers polymerizable by free radical initiation, and b) an effective amount, sufficient to inhibit premature polymerization of component (a) of a mixture of: i) 1 to 99% by weight, based on the total weight of components (i) and (ii), of a mixture of at least one aromatic amine and at least one organic acid in a molar ratio of 10:1 to 1:10, and ii) 99 to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of components (i) and (ii), of at least one stable radical compound.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 2001Date of Patent: June 25, 2002Assignee: AAH Marks and Company LimitedInventors: Anthony Pryce, Robert Charles Callin
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Patent number: 6410810Abstract: A mixture of bis- and tris(fluoroaryl)borane compounds expressed by General Formula (1) below is handled in the form of a slurry made with a hydrocarbon solvent: where each of R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a hydrocarbon group, or an alkoxy group provided that at least one of R1-R5 represents a fluorine atom, X represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom, and wherein n represents 2 for the bis(fluoroaryl)borane compounds and 3 for the tris(fluoroaryl)borane compounds. Then, a hydrocarbon solution of the (fluoroaryl)borane compounds having a concentration of the tris(fluoroaryl)borane compounds in a range between 1 wt % and 1 wt % is prepared by dissolving the slurry into a hydrocarbon solvent in a virtually air-tight vessel.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 2000Date of Patent: June 25, 2002Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hitoshi Mitsui, Tsunemasa Ueno, Ikuyo Ikeno, Naoko Hirano
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Patent number: 6399697Abstract: Process oil which satisfies requirements that a content of a polycyclic aromatic compound is less than 3% by weight, a content of an aromatic hydrocarbon is 18% by weight or more, a content of a polar compound is between 11 and 25% by weight, a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. is between 10 and 70 mm2/s, and a flash point is 210° C. or more.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 2000Date of Patent: June 4, 2002Assignee: Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masami Takasaki, Meishi Tanaka, Hisao Anzai, Masashi Nakamura, Chisato Endo
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Patent number: 6383281Abstract: The present invention relates to a molding composition based on sinterable materials, comprising a) from 80 to 99.5% by weight of sinterable powder having a maximum particle size of 2000 &mgr;m, b) from 0.5 to 20% by weight of metallocene polyolefin wax, c) if desired, up to 19.5% by weight of a further dry lubricant, and to its use for producing shaped ceramic and powder metallurgical parts by pressing.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 2000Date of Patent: May 7, 2002Assignee: Clariant GmbHInventor: Michael Bayer
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Publication number: 20020038063Abstract: A method and a composition used therein are disclosed for inhibiting formation of hydrocarbon hydrates. The composition comprises an onium compound, an amine salt and, optionally, a solvent.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 20, 2001Publication date: March 28, 2002Inventors: John L. Przybylinski, Gordon T. Rivers
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Publication number: 20020011427Abstract: A solvating component for a solvated mesophase pitch. The solvated component includes a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons having boiling points in the atmospheric equivalent boiling point range of about 285° to about 460° C. (about 550° F.-932° F.). At least 80% of the carbon atoms of the hydrocarbons are aromatic as characterized by carbon 13 NMR. The aromatic hydrocarbons are selected from a group consisting of aromatic compounds having 2 to 5 aromatic rings, substituted aromatic compounds having 2 to 5 aromatic rings wherein said substituents are alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbons, hydroaromatic compounds having 2 to 5 rings, substituted aromatic compounds having 2 to 5 rings wherein said substituents are alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbons, and mixtures thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 4, 2001Publication date: January 31, 2002Inventors: H. Ernest Romine, John A. Rodgers, W. Mark Southard, Edward J. Nanni