Abstract: Described is a process for the production of a zeolitic material having an MFI, MEL, and/or MWW-type framework structure comprising YO2 and X2O3. The process comprises (1) preparing a mixture comprising one or more sources for YO2, one or more sources for X2O3, and one or more solvents; (2) crystallizing the mixture obtained in step (1) to obtain a zeolitic material having an MFI, MEL and/or MWW-type framework structure; and (3) impregnating the zeolitic material obtained in step (2) with one or more elements selected from the group of alkaline earth metals. Y is a tetravalent element, and X is a trivalent element. The mixture crystallized in step (2) contains 3 wt.-% or less of one or more elements M based on 100 wt-% of YO2, wherein M stands for sodium.

Abstract: A process is described for making a product mixture including isobutene, propylene, 1-butene, 2-butene 2-methyl-1-butene and 2-methyl-2-butene from a mixture of acetic acid and propionic and through reaction in the presence of a source of hydrogen and of a mixed oxide catalyst, for example, a ZnxZryOz mixed oxide catalyst.

Abstract: A process to make propylene can include providing a reaction zone containing a catalyst and introducing a feedstock into the reaction zone. The catalyst can be an acid. The feedstock can include ethylene, dimethyl ether or methanol and dimethyl ether with at least 1000 wppm of dimethyl ether, and optionally steam. The feedstock can be contacted with the catalyst at temperature and pressure conditions to produce an effluent, including propylene, hydrocarbons, steam, optionally unconverted methanol and/or unconverted dimethyl ether and optionally unconverted ethylene. The temperature at the inlet of the reaction zone can be under 280° C., such as from 50 to 280° C. The effluent can be sent to a fractionation zone to recover propylene, optionally methanol, dimethyl ether and optionally ethylene. At least a part of methanol, dimethyl ether, and ethylene can be recycled to the reaction zone at step b).

Abstract: A process for converting an oxygenate-containing feedstock to a product comprising olefins comprises including in the oxygenate-containing feedstock an amount of ammonia. The presence of the ammonia increases the product's ratio of ethylene to propylene.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing ethylene and/or propylene, comprising the steps of contacting a stream comprising C4+ olefins with a zeolite-comprising catalyst to retrieve an olefinic product stream comprising ethylene and/or propylene, and a C4+ hydrocarbon fraction, comprising paraffins, normal olefins and iso-olefins. The C4+ hydrocarbon fraction is subjected to an etherification process with wherein at least part of the iso-olefins are converted with methanol and/or ethanol to an tert-alkyl ether and an etherification product stream is retrieved and separated into an ether-enriched stream and an iso-olefin-depleted C4+ hydrocarbon stream. Part of the iso-olefin-depleted C4+ hydrocarbon stream from the process to purge part of the paraffinic C4+ hydrocarbons while another part of the iso-olefin-depleted C4+ hydrocarbon stream is recycled.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide, for the production of isobutene, a high-yielding, highly-selective, and long-term stable production process of isobutene from TBA. With respect to the production of TBA, an object of the present invention is to provide a TBA production process in which, through long-term stable maintenance of a high reaction activity, long-term continuous operation is enabled and the productivity is improved. The present invention discloses a process for producing isobutene that employs a dehydration temperature of from 200 to 450° C. in use of an alumina catalyst that contains a Na content of 0.6% by weight or less in terms of NaO2 and a Na content of 0.4% by weight in terms of NaO2, and has a specific surface area of from 200 to 600 m2/g.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing ethylene and propylene and a butadiene-enriched product, comprising the steps of: a) providing a C4 hydrocarbon stream, comprising iso-olefins and butadiene. b) subjecting the C4 hydrocarbon stream to an etherification process, wherein the iso-olefins are converted with methanol and/or ethanol to an tert-alkyl ether in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the molar ratio of alcohol to iso-olefin is maintained above 1, and retrieving an etherification product stream; c) separating the etherification product stream into an ether-enriched stream and a butadiene-enriched product; d) converting the tert-alkyl ether in the ether-enriched stream to ethylene and/or propylene by contacting least part of the ether-enriched stream with a molecular sieve-comprising catalyst at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 1000° C. and retrieving an olefinic product comprising ethylene and/or propylene.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing ethylene and propylene, comprising the step of: a) contacting a feed comprising methanol, ethanol and C4+ olefins with a catalyst, comprising ZSM-5 having a silica to alumina ratio in the range of from 40 to 100, at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 1000° C. to obtain a olefinic product comprising ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mixed oxide compositions, to the use thereof as a catalyst for cleavage of alkyl tert-alkyl ethers or tertiary alcohols, and to a process for cleaving alkyl tert-alkyl ethers or tertiary alcohols to isoolefins and alcohol or water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a catalyst which, in a formal sense, comprises 0.1 to 20% by mass of alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal oxide, 0.1 to 99% by mass of oxide and 0.1 to 99% by mass of silicon dioxide, which is characterized in that it aluminum comprises the steps of treating an aluminosilicate with an aqueous alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal salt solution under acidic conditions and calcining the aluminosilicate treated with aqueous alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal salt solution, and to a catalyst which is obtainable by this process and, in a formal sense, comprises alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide, which is characterized in that the catalyst, in a formal sense, has a content of alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal oxides of 0.

Abstract: A process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock to provide an effluent containing light olefins, the process comprising passing a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising a mixture of a first portion, containing one or more olfeins of C4 or greater, and a second portion, containing at least one C1 to C6 aliphatic hetero compound selected from alcohols, ethers, carbonyl compounds and mixtures thereof, through a reactor containing a crystalline silicate catalyst to produce an effluent including propylene, the crystalline silicate being selected from at least one of an MFI-type crystalline silicate having a silicon/aluminum atomic ratio of at least 180 and an MEL-type crystalline silicate having a silicon/aluminum atomic ratio of from 150 to 800 which has been subjected to a steaming step.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and units for mitigation of carbon oxides during hydrotreating hydrocarbons including mineral oil based streams and biological oil based streams. A hydrotreating unit includes a first hydrotreating reactor for receiving a mineral oil based hydrocarbon stream and forming a first hydrotreated product stream, and a second hydrotreating reactor for receiving a biological oil based hydrocarbon stream and forming a second hydrotreated product stream.

Abstract: Disclosed are a catalyst for producing, from an alcohol, an olefin whose number of carbon atoms is at least one more than the number of carbon atoms of the alcohol, wherein at least the surface of the catalyst is substantially composed of zirconium oxide; a method for producing an olefin using the same; and so on.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing phosphorus containing zeolite type catalysts based on crystalline aluminosilicates, the catalysts of this process and the use of these catalysts for the conversion of methanol to olefins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for producing zeolite-containing catalysts, in which a modification with phosphorus-containing components is carried out, the catalyst obtainable thereby, and its use as catalyst in a process for producing lower olefins from oxygenates. The modification comprises removing weakly bound phosphorus-containing species by treatment with an aqueous solution.

Abstract: Catalytic processes for converting carboxylic acids obtained from biomass and other natural or industrial sources into paraffinic or olefinic hydrocarbons through decarboxylation, along with products formed from such hydrocarbons, in which the carbon chain length, the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12, and the ratio of odd number to even number of carbons in the chain are among factors which are indicative or otherwise useful for the detection of hydrocarbons formed by undergoing the claimed processes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing gasoline components from syngas. Syngas is converted to one or more of methanol, ethanol, mixed alcohols, and dimethyl ether, followed by various combinations of separations and reactions to produce gasoline components with oxygenates, such as alcohols. The syngas is preferably derived from biomass or another renewable carbon-containing feedstock, thereby providing a biorefining process for the production of renewable gasoline.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to methods and systems for processing biomass into usable products, wherein such methods and systems involve an integration into conventional refineries and/or conventional refinery processes. Such methods and systems provide for an enhanced ability to utilize biofuels efficiently, and they can, at least in some embodiments, be used in hybrid refineries alongside conventional refinery processes.

Abstract: A catalyst is described which comprises at least one IZM-2 zeolite, at least one matrix and at least one metal selected from metals from groups VIII, VIB and VIIB, said zeolite having a chemical composition expressed as the anhydrous base in terms of moles of oxides by the following general formula: XO2:aY2O3:bM2/nO, in which X represents at least one tetravalent element, Y represents at least one trivalent element and M is at least one alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal with valency n, a and b respectively representing the number of moles of Y2O3 and M2/nO; and a is in the range 0.001 to 0.5 and b is in the range 0 to 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the conversion of oxygenates to olefins, wherein the catalyst comprises one or more zeolites of the MFI, MEL and/or MWW structure type and particles of one or more metal oxides, the one or more zeolites of the MFI, MEL and/or MWW structure type comprising one or more alkaline earth metals, and the particles of the one or more metal oxides comprising phosphorus, the phosphorus being present at least partly in oxidic form, and the one or more alkaline earth metals being selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and combinations of two or more thereof, to the preparation and use thereof, and to a process for converting oxygenates to olefins using the catalyst.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline microporous metallophosphates designated AlPO-57 has been synthesized. These metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula R+rMmn+EPxSiyOz where R is an organoammonium cation such as the DEDMA+, M is a divalent framework metal such as an alkaline earth or transition metal, and E is a framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The microporous AlPO-57 compositions are characterized by a new unique ABC-6 net structure and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the conversion of oxygenates to olefins, comprising a support substrate and a layer applied to the substrate, wherein the layer comprises one or more zeolites of the MFI, MEL and/or MWW structure type, the one or more zeolites comprising one or more alkaline earth metals, to the preparation and use thereof, and to a process for converting oxygenates to olefins using the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for converting oxygenates to olefins, comprising (1) providing a gas stream comprising one or more ethers; (2) contacting the gas stream provided in (1) with a catalyst, the catalyst comprising a support substrate and a layer applied to the substrate, the layer comprising one or more zeolites of the MFI, MEL and/or MWW structure type.

Abstract: A process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock to provide an effluent containing light olefins, the process comprising passing a hydrocarbon feedstock, the feedstock containing at least one C1 to C6 aliphatic hetero compound selected from alcohols, ethers, carbonyl compounds and mixtures thereof and steam in an amount whereby the feedstock contains up to 80 weight % steam, through a reactor containing a crystalline silicate catalyst to produce an effluent including propylene, the crystalline silicate having been subjected to de-alumination by a steaming step and being selected from at least one of an MFI-type crystalline silicate having a silicon/aluminium atomic ratio of from 250 to 500 and an MEL-type crystalline silicate having a silicon/aluminium atomic ratio or from 150 to 800.

Abstract: A process to prepare propylene showing desirably increased selectivity comprises contacting, at an elevated temperature, ethanol and a rhenium oxide-modified ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, under conditions suitable to form propylene. The rhenium oxide-modified ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst may be prepared by impregnating, in an aqueous or organic medium, a ZSM-5 zeolite with a rhenium source, under conditions suitable to form a catalyst precursor, and calcining the catalyst precursor under conditions suitable to form a rhenium oxide-modified ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst.

Abstract: A process is described for reducing the oxygen content of a high-oxygen feedstock. The process is particularly suitable for biomass-based feedstocks. The process comprises contacting the feedstock with carbon monoxide and/or coke in the presence of a catalyst. Conveniently, the coke may be present in the form of a deposit on the catalyst. Carbon monoxide may be generated in a regeneration step of the catalyst. The process may be carried out in conventional refinery equipment.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of ethylene and/or propylene comprising reacting an oxygenate feed and an olefinic co-feed in a reactor in the presence of a zeolite catalyst to prepare an olefinic reaction mixture; wherein the olefinic co-feed is partially obtained from an olefinic refinery stream and partially obtained from a olefinic recycle stream.

Abstract: A mixture can include 0.01 to 30 weight % of a medium or large pore crystalline silicoaluminate, silicoaluminophosphate materials, or silicoaluminate mesoporous molecular sieves (A), and 99.99 to 70 weight % of a MeAPO molecular sieve. The mixture can be included in a catalyst. An XTO process can include contacting an oxygen-containing, halogenide-containing, or sulphur-containing organic feedstock with the catalyst under conditions effective to convert the organic feedstock to olefin products. A combined XTO and OCP process can include contacting the organic feedstock with the catalyst at conditions effective to convert at least a portion of the organic feedstock to form an XTO reactor effluent including light olefins and a heavy hydrocarbon fraction, separating the light olefins from the heavy hydrocarbon fraction, and contacting the heavy hydrocarbon fraction in an OCP reactor at conditions effective to convert at least a portion of the heavy hydrocarbon fraction to light olefins.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, reactor systems and catalysts for converting biomass and biomass-derived feedstocks to C8+ hydrocarbons using heterogenous catalysts. The product stream may be separated and further processed for use in chemical applications, or as a neat fuel or a blending component in jet fuel and diesel fuel, or as heavy oils for lubricant and/or fuel oil applications.

Abstract: Process for producing hydrocarbons from a carboxylic acid by feeding hydrogen and a reaction composition containing a carboxylic acid to a reactor, maintaining reaction conditions such that the hydrogen reacts with the carboxylic acid to produce a C1 compound including CO, CO2 and CH4, and one or more product hydrocarbons derived from the carboxylic acid. The reaction between hydrogen and the carboxylic acid is catalysed. A product stream is removed from the reactor including unreacted hydrogen, at least one C1 compound, and at least one product hydrocarbon. One or more parameters of the reaction are controlled such that the molar ratio of C1 compounds produced by the reaction to the carboxylate groups present in the carboxylic acid in the reaction composition is maintained above a value of 0.37:1, and the mole ratio of carbon dioxide to the sum of carbon monoxide and methane is maintained above a value of 0.58:1.

Abstract: A method of converting ethanol to a diesel fuel base stock comprises: a reaction stage (a) of contacting the ethanol with an acid catalyst, amorphous or structured, predominantly mesoporous, for example at a temperature of 300° C. to 500° C., at a pressure of 2 to 10 MPa and at a WHSV of 0.2 to 4 h?1, producing a gas phase, an organic liquid phase and an aqueous liquid phase, and a stage (b) of separating said gas phase, said organic liquid phase and said aqueous liquid phase at a pressure close to the reaction pressure. The method can involve recycling at least part of the gas phase separated in stage (b) to stage (a), and hydrogenating at least part of the organic liquid phase separated in stage (b).

Abstract: Process for producing propylene from a propanol feedstock A2 by reacting the propanol feedstock A2 in a vapor phase dehydration reactor wherein the propanol is convened at a temperature comprised between 160 and 270° C. and at a pressure of above 0.1 MPa but less than 4.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for preparing upgraded pyrolysis oil are provided herein. In an embodiment, a method of preparing upgraded pyrolysis oil includes providing a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream having an original oxygen content. The biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream is hydrodeoxygenated under catalysis in the presence of hydrogen to form a hydrodeoxygenated pyrolysis oil stream comprising a cyclic paraffin component. At least a portion of the hydrodeoxygenated pyrolysis oil stream is dehydrogenated under catalysis to form the upgraded pyrolysis oil.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing ethylene and propylene, comprising the step of: a) contacting a feed comprising methanol, ethanol and C4+ olefins with a catalyst, comprising ZSM-5 having a silica to alumina ratio in the range of from 40 to 100, at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 1000° C. to obtain a olefinic product comprising ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process preparing ethylene and propylene, comprising the step of: a) contacting a feed comprising a tert alkyl ether obtained from an etherification reaction between ethanol and a tertiary iso-olefin with a zeolite-comprising catalyst at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 1000° C. to obtain a olefinic product comprising ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: A process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock to provide an effluent containing light olefins, the process comprising passing a hydrocarbon feedstock, the feedstock containing at least one C1 to C6 aliphatic hetero compound selected from alcohols, ethers, carbonyl compounds and mixtures thereof and steam in an amount whereby the feedstock contains up to 80 weight % steam, through a reactor containing a crystalline silicate catalyst to produce an effluent including propylene, the crystalline silicate having been subjected to de-alumination by a steaming step and being selected from at least one of an MFI-type crystalline silicate having a silicon/aluminium atomic ratio of from 250 to 500 and an MEL-type crystalline silicate having a silicon/aluminium atomic ratio or from 150 to 800.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing ethylene and/or propylene, comprising the steps of: a) providing an oxygenate-comprising feedstock; b) contacting the oxygenate-comprising feedstock with a molecular sieve-comprising catalyst at a temperature in the range of from 450 to 700° C. and converting at least part of the oxygenate into an olefinic product comprising ethylene and/or propylene; and c) retrieving the olefinic product, wherein the oxygenate-comprising feedstock comprises in the range of from 1 to 97 wt % of at least one tert-alkyl ether selected from the group MTBE, ETBE, TAME and TAEE, based on the weight of the oxygenates in the oxygenate-comprising feedstock, and further comprises methanol and/or DME.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for production of lower olefins from a raw material containing dimethyl ether (DME), which can produce lower olefins (e.g. propylene) with good yield and in an economically advantageous manner by prolonging the time until the reversible deactivation of a zeolite catalyst and preventing the irreversible deactivation of the catalyst, can reduce the amount of water to be recycled to increase the thermal efficiency of the process, and can simplify the facilities and operations. Also disclosed is a method for improving the yield of propylene with good efficiency under practical operating conditions. A feed gas which comprises a DME-containing feedstock gas and an additive gas and further contains steam at a specific proportion is introduced into an olefin synthesis reactor to contact the feed gas with a zeolite catalyst, thereby producing a hydrocarbon product containing C2-C5 olefins.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a silica composite by the steps of: preparing a raw material mixture containing silica and zeolite; drying the raw material mixture to obtain a dried product; and calcining the dried product, wherein the method comprising the step of allowing the raw material mixture to contain phosphoric acid and/or phosphate or bringing a solution of phosphoric acid and/or phosphate into contact with the zeolite and/or the dried product, or a combination thereof to thereby adjust a phosphorus content in the silica composite to 0.01 to 1.0% by mass based on the total mass of the silica composite.

Abstract: In a process for producing synthetic fuels from an educt mixture containing hydrogen and oxygenates, such as methanol and/or dimethyl ether, the educt mixture is reacted on a catalyst in a first process stage to obtain a hydrocarbon product containing olefins with preferably 2 to 8 carbon atoms. In a second process stage the hydrocarbon product is oligomerized to long-chain olefins, from which gasoline and Diesel products are obtained. The hydrocarbon product obtained in the first process stage is separated into a liquid phase and a gaseous phase. The gaseous phase is supplied to the second process stage. The liquid phase is separated into a mixture rich in C6? hydrocarbons and a mixture containing C7+ hydrocarbons and aromatics. The mixture rich in C6? hydrocarbons is supplied to the second process stage. The mixture containing C7+ hydrocarbons ?+ and aromatics can be admixed to the gasoline product for quality improvement.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of olefins comprising introducing an oxygenate and/or olefinic feed into a reactor; reacting the oxygenate and/or olefinic feed in the reactor in the presence of a molecular sieve catalyst to form a mixture which comprises olefins and at least partially coked catalyst; separating olefins and at least partially coked catalyst; recovering olefins; and controlling the temperature of the oxygenate and/or olefinic feed to be introduced into the reactor on the basis of the temperature of the mixture formed in the reaction and/or the olefins obtained.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of olefins comprising reacting an oxygenate and/or olefinic feed in a reactor in the presence of a molecular sieve catalyst to form a mixture which comprises olefins and at least partially coked catalyst; separating olefins and at least partially coked catalyst as obtained; passing the at least partially coked catalyst to a regenerator; introducing into the regenerator an oxygen-containing gas to regenerate the at least partially coked catalyst, thereby producing a gaseous mixture and at least partially regenerated catalyst; analysing the at least partially regenerated catalyst to control the burning rate of the coke present on the at least partially coked catalyst in the regenerator by adjusting one or more conditions of the regeneration of the at least partially coked catalyst on the basis of the analysis of the at least partially regenerated catalyst; and passing the at least partially regenerated catalyst to the reactor.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of olefins, which process comprising introducing an oxygenate and/or olefinic feed through introduction means into a reactor; reacting the oxygenate and/or olefinic feed in the reactor in the presence of a molecular sieve catalyst to form a mixture with a resulting gas superficial velocity which mixture comprises olefins and at least partially coked catalyst; separating olefins and at least partially coked catalyst; recovering olefins; and controlling the gas superficial velocity of the mixture at a predetermined level in the reactor on the basis of the inlet mass gas flow rate of the feed.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of olefins comprising reacting an oxygenate and/or olefinic feed in a reactor in the presence of a molecular sieve catalyst to form a mixture which comprises olefins and at least partially coked catalyst; passing at least partially coked catalyst to a regenerator; introducing into the regenerator an oxygen-containing gas to regenerate the at least partially coked catalyst, thereby producing a gaseous mixture and at least partially regenerated catalyst; separating at least partially regenerated catalyst and at least part of the gaseous mixture; analysing the composition of the gaseous mixture to control the burning rate of the coke present on the at least partially coked catalyst in the regenerator by adjusting the mass flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas on the basis of the analysis of the gaseous mixture; and passing at least part of the at least partially regenerated catalyst back to the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to metalloaluminophosphate (MeAPO) molecular sieve with lamellar crystal morphology having an empirical chemical composition on an anhydrous basis, after synthesis and calcination, expressed by the formula HxMeyAlzPkO2 wherein, y+z+k=1 x<=y said molecular sieve having predominantly a plate crystal morphology in which the width (W) and the thickness (T) are W/T is >=10 The above metalloaluminophosphate (MeAPO) molecular sieve can be made by a method which comprises: a) forming a reaction mixture containing a texture influencing agent (TIA), an organic templating agent (TEMP), at least a reactive inorganic source of MeO2 insoluble in the TIA, reactive sources of AI203 and P205, b) crystallizing the above reaction mixture thus formed until crystals of the metalloaluminophosphate are formed, c) recovering a solid reaction product, d) washing it with water to remove the TIA and e) calcinating it to remove the organic template.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition useful in a process for producing lower olefins from a oxygenate feedstream, a process for producing said catalyst composition and a process for producing lower olefins comprising contacting a oxygenate feedstream with the catalyst composition M1-M2-P/ZSM-5 with an oxygenate-comprising feedstream, wherein M1 is one or more basic species, M2 is one or more redox elements selected from Groups 6-8 of the Periodic Table of Elements and Sn and P is phosphorus, wherein said basic species is a molecular entity forming a weak Lewis base and/or a weak Bronsted base in the catalyst composition. In addition thereto, the present invention relates to an integrated process for producing lower olefins from a feedstream comprising hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for the dehydration of an alcohol having at least 2 carbon atoms to make the corresponding olefin, comprising: a) introducing in a reactor a stream (A) comprising at least an alcohol, optionally water, optionally an inert component, b) contacting said stream with an acidic catalyst in said reactor at conditions effective to dehydrate at least a portion of the alcohol to make an olefin, c) recovering from said reactor a stream (B) comprising: the inert component and at least an olefin, water and optionally unconverted alcohol, d) optionally fractionating the stream (B) to recover the unconverted alcohol and recycling said unconverted alcohol to the reactor of step a), e) optionally fractionating the stream (B) to recover the inert component, water and the olefin and optionally recycling said inert component and optionally a part of the water to the reactor of step a), wherein, f) an effective amount of a component capable to neutralize a part of the catalyst active site is i

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for making essentially ethylene and propylene comprising: a) providing an alcohol mixture (A) comprising about 20 w % to 100% isobutanol, b) introducing in a reactor (A) a stream comprising the mixture (A) mixed with methanol or dimethyl ether or mixture thereof, optionally water, optionally an inert component, c) contacting said stream with a catalyst (A1) in said reactor (A), the MTO reactor, at conditions effective to convert at least a part of the alcohol mixture (A) and at least a part of the methanol and/or dimethyl ether to olefins, d) recovering from said reactor (A) an effluent comprising: ethylene, propylene, butene, water, optionally unconverted alcohols, various hydrocarbons, and the optional inert component of step b), e) fractionating said effluent of step d) to produce at least an ethylene stream, a propylene stream, a fraction consisting essentially of hydrocarbons having 4 carbon atoms or more, water and the optional inert component of step a), op

Abstract: An isopropyl alcohol-producing Escherichia coli includes an isopropyl alcohol production system, wherein an activity of transcriptional repressor GntR is inactivated, and the isopropyl alcohol-producing Escherichia coli preferably further includes a group of auxiliary enzymes having an enzyme activity expression pattern with which isopropyl alcohol production capacity achieved by the inactivation of the GntR activity is maintained or enhanced. A method of producing isopropyl alcohol includes producing isopropyl alcohol from a plant-derived raw material using the isopropyl alcohol-producing Escherichia coli. A method of producing acetone includes contacting the isopropyl alcohol obtained by the isopropyl alcohol production method with a complex oxide that includes zinc oxide and at least one oxide containing a Group 4 element, and that is prepared by coprecipitation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the conversion of an alcohols mixture (A) comprising about 20 w % to 100% isobutanol to make essentially propylene, comprising: a) introducing in a reactor (A) a stream comprising the mixture (A), mixed with a stream (D1) comprising olefins having 4 carbon atoms or more (C4+ olefins), optionally water, optionally an inert component, b) contacting said stream with a catalyst (A1) at a temperature above 500° C.