B-, N-, Or P-containing Patents (Class 585/725)
  • Patent number: 8293962
    Abstract: A process for producing a gasoline blending component and a middle distillate, comprising adjusting a level of a halide containing additive provided to an ionic liquid alkylation reactor to shift selectivity towards heavier products, and recovering a low volatility gasoline blending component and the middle distillate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 10, 2012
    Date of Patent: October 23, 2012
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
    Inventors: Sven Ivar Hommeltoft, Stephen Joseph Miller, Ajit Ramchandra Pradhan
  • Patent number: 8252968
    Abstract: A process for producing a low volatility gasoline blending component and a middle distillate, comprising alkylating a hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one olefin having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms and at least one paraffin having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms with an ionic liquid catalyst and an unsupported halide containing additive, and separating the alkylate into at least the low volatility gasoline blending component and the middle distillate, wherein the middle distillate is a fuel suitable for use as a jet fuel or jet fuel blending component. Also, a process for producing a gasoline blending component and a middle distillate, comprising adjusting a level of a halide containing additive provided to an ionic liquid alkylation reactor to shift selectivity towards heavier products, and recovering a low volatility gasoline blending component and the middle distillate. Also, processes comprising alkylating isobutane with butene over specific chloroaluminate ionic liquids.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 25, 2011
    Date of Patent: August 28, 2012
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
    Inventors: Sven Ivar Hommeltoft, Stephen J. Miller, Ajit Ramchandra Pradhan
  • Patent number: 8198494
    Abstract: A process for producing alkylate comprising contacting a first hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one olefin having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms which contains 1-butene with an isomerization catalyst under conditions favoring the isomerization of 1-butene to 2-butene so the isomerized stream contains a greater concentration of 2-butene than the first hydrocarbon stream and contacting the isomerized stream and a second hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one isoparaffin having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms with an acidic ionic liquid catalyst under alkylation conditions to produce an alkylate stream, wherein the alkylate stream has a RON that is increased from 5 to 32 numbers compared to a comparison alkylate stream made from the first hydrocarbon stream without the step of contacting with the isomerization catalyst.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 21, 2011
    Date of Patent: June 12, 2012
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
    Inventors: Saleh Elomari, Hye Kyung C. Tlmken
  • Patent number: 7923594
    Abstract: An alkylation process, comprising providing an isoparaffin feed that comprises at least 20 wt % C5+, providing a hydrocarbon stream that comprises at least 20 wt % C5+ olefins, and contacting the isoparaffin feed and the hydrocarbon stream with an ionic liquid catalyst under alkylation conditions wherein a middle distillate is produced. The middle distillate has less than 10 ppm sulfur and less than 3 wt % olefin. An alkylation process comprising contacting a naphtha with a low RON and a hydrocarbon stream comprising C5 olefins to an ionic liquid alkylation reactor under alkylation conditions, and recovering a middle distillate comprising less than 3 wt % olefin. A refinery process, comprising a hydrocracker that produces C5+ isoparaffin, a FC cracker that produces a hydrocarbon stream comprising a C5+ olefin, and an ionic liquid alkylation reactor that produces a high yield of middle distillate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 31, 2008
    Date of Patent: April 12, 2011
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
    Inventor: Sven Ivar Hommeltoft
  • Patent number: 7923593
    Abstract: A process for producing a middle distillate or a middle distillate blending component, comprising contacting a feed comprising an olefin, an isoparaffin, and less than 5 wt % oligomerized olefin, in an ionic liquid alkylation zone with an acidic haloaluminate ionic liquid, at alkylation conditions; and recovering an effluent comprising an alkylated product that has greater than 35 vol % C10+ and less than 1 vol % C55+. Also processes for producing a middle distillate by alkylating isobutane and butene in the presence of defined chloroaluminate ionic liquid catalysts, wherein a separating step separates the middle distillate and wherein the middle distillate is from 20 wt % or higher of the total alkylate product. Also a process for producing middle distillate with FC cracker feed comprising olefins. A separated middle distillate has greater than 30 vol % C10+, less than 1 vol % C55+, and a cloud point less than ?50° C.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 31, 2008
    Date of Patent: April 12, 2011
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
    Inventors: Sven Ivar Hommeltoft, Stephen J. Miller, Ajit Pradhan
  • Patent number: 7919663
    Abstract: A process for producing a low volatility gasoline blending component and a middle distillate, comprising alkylating a hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one olefin having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and at least one paraffin having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms with an ionic liquid catalyst and an unsupported halide containing additive, and separating the alkylate into at least the low volatility gasoline blending component and the middle distillate, wherein the middle distillate is a fuel suitable for use as a jet fuel or jet fuel blending component. Also, a process for producing a gasoline blending component and a middle distillate, comprising adjusting a level of a halide containing additive provided to an ionic liquid alkylation reactor to shift selectivity towards heavier products, and recovering a low volatility gasoline blending component and the middle distillate. Also, processes comprising alkylating isobutane with butene over specific chloroaluminate ionic liquids.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 31, 2008
    Date of Patent: April 5, 2011
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
    Inventors: Sven Ivar Hommeltoft, Stephen J. Miller, Ajit Pradhan
  • Patent number: 7919664
    Abstract: A process for producing a jet fuel, comprising contacting an olefin and an isoparaffin with an unsupported catalyst system comprising an ionic liquid catalyst and a halide containing additive in an alkylation zone under alkylation conditions to make an alkylate product, and recovering the jet fuel from the alkylate product, wherein the jet fuel meets the boiling point, flash point, smoke point, heat of combustion, and freeze point requirements for Jet A-1 fuel. Also a process for producing a jet fuel, comprising providing a feed produced in a FC cracker comprising olefins, mixing the feed with an isoparaffin, alkylating the mixed feed in an ionic liquid alkylation zone, and separating the jet fuel from the alkylated product. We also provide a process comprising alkylating isobutane and butene in the presence of specific chloroaluminate ionic liquid catalysts, to produce a jet fuel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 31, 2008
    Date of Patent: April 5, 2011
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
    Inventors: Sven Ivar Hommeltoft, Stephen J. Miller, Ajit Pradhan
  • Patent number: 7915468
    Abstract: A process for producing alkylate comprising contacting a first hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one olefin having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms which contains 1-butene with an isomerization catalyst under conditions favoring the isomerization of 1-butene to 2-butene so the isomerized stream contains a greater concentration of 2-butene than the first hydrocarbon stream and contacting the isomerized stream and a second hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one isoparaffin having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms with an acidic ionic liquid catalyst under alkylation conditions to produce an alkylate stream is disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 3, 2009
    Date of Patent: March 29, 2011
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
    Inventors: Hye-Kyung C. Timken, Saleh Elomari
  • Patent number: 7553999
    Abstract: A process for producing alkylate comprising contacting a first hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one olefin having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms which contains 1-butene with an isomerization catalyst under conditions favoring the isomerization of 1-butene to 2-butene so the isomerized stream contains a greater concentration of 2-butene than the first hydrocarbon stream and contacting the isomerized stream and a second hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one isoparaffin having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms with an acidic ionic liquid catalyst under alkylation conditions to produce an alkylate stream is disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 14, 2006
    Date of Patent: June 30, 2009
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
    Inventors: Saleh Elomari, Hye-Kyung Timken
  • Patent number: 7538256
    Abstract: An alkylation process comprising contacting a first hydrocarbon feed comprising at least one olefin having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and a second hydrocarbon feed comprising at least one isoparaffin having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms with a halide-based acidic ionic liquid catalyst under alkylation conditions to produce an alkylate containing an organic halide and contacting at least a portion of the alkylate with a hydrotreating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen under hydrotreating conditions to reduce the concentration of the organic halide is disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 12, 2006
    Date of Patent: May 26, 2009
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A., Inc.
    Inventors: Michael S. Driver, Gunther Dieckmann
  • Patent number: 7531707
    Abstract: A process for the production of a high quality gasoline blending components from refinery process streams by the alkylation of light isoparaffins with olefins using an ionic liquid catalyst is disclosed. The alkylation process comprises contacting a hydrocarbon mixture comprising at least one olefin having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and at least one isoparaffin having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms under alkylation conditions, said catalyst comprising a mixture of at least one acidic ionic liquid and at least one alkyl halide. The alkylhalide by reacting to at least a portion of the olefin with a hydrogen halide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 13, 2006
    Date of Patent: May 12, 2009
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A., Inc
    Inventors: Thomas V. Harris, Michael Driver, Saleh Elomari, Hye-Kyung C. Timken
  • Patent number: 7495144
    Abstract: A process for the production of a high quality gasoline blending components from refinery process streams by the alkylation of light isoparaffins with olefins using an ionic liquid catalyst is disclosed. The alkylation process comprises contacting a hydrocarbon mixture comprising at least one olefin having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and at least one isoparaffin having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms under alkylation conditions, said catalyst comprising a mixture of at least one acidic ionic liquid and at least one alkyl halide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 24, 2006
    Date of Patent: February 24, 2009
    Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
    Inventor: Saleh Elomari
  • Patent number: 6613507
    Abstract: Methods for treating patients with viral infections and Parkinson's disease with pharmaceutical agents are disclosed. In one embodiment, the viruses are Hepatitis C, Influenza A and B. The Pharmaceutical agents are 1-boraadamantane and the conjugate amines described in this patent application.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 21, 2001
    Date of Patent: September 2, 2003
    Inventor: Yu-An Chang
  • Patent number: 6426441
    Abstract: A system and/or process for decreasing the level of at least one organic fluoride present in a hydrocarbon mixture by first passing the hydrocarbon mixture to an eductor and educting into the hydrocarbon mixture a catalyst comprising a volatility reducing additive and hydrofluoric acid to produce a hydrocarbon-catalyst mixture, permitting the hydrocarbon-catalyst mixture to undergo a phase separation to produce a hydrocarbon phase having a lower concentration of at least one organic fluoride than the hydrocarbon mixture and to produce a catalyst phase, and withdrawing at least a portion of the hydrocarbon phase to thereby form a hydrocarbon product stream, are disclosed. In an alternative embodiment, a system and/or process for controlling the concentration of at least one organic fluoride and/or the RON of the hydrocarbon mixture by adjusting the amount of volatility reducing additive present in the catalyst are disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 10, 2000
    Date of Patent: July 30, 2002
    Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Company
    Inventors: Bruce B. Randolph, Kenneth Charles Hoover
  • Patent number: 6262327
    Abstract: A process for alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefin comprising contacting an isoparaffin containing feed with an olefin-containing feed in the presence of a catalyst, said catalyst is a supported heteropoly acid catalyst, which is represented by the following chemical formula: HkYWmMo12-nO40·nH2O, wherein k is 3 or 4, Y is an atom of P, Si, Ge or As, m is a positive integer between 0-12, n is any number in the range of >0-10; the reaction temperature is at least equal to the critical temperature of isoparaffin and up to 300° C.; the reaction pressure is at least equal to the critical pressure of isoparaffin. The advantages of this process are embodied in high olefin conversion, high alkylate yield, and good retention of catalyst stability at the same time.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 21, 1999
    Date of Patent: July 17, 2001
    Assignees: China Petrochemical Corporation, Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC
    Inventors: Yigong He, Fen Li, Enze Min
  • Patent number: 5948947
    Abstract: An HF-agent complex, such as HF-pyridine complex where the complexing agent is pyridine, is recovered and recycled from a by-product stream containing ASO, and ASO is rejected from the by-product stream, in an alkylation process using the complex.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 10, 1997
    Date of Patent: September 7, 1999
    Assignee: Uop LLC
    Inventor: James F. Himes
  • Patent number: 5859305
    Abstract: A method of regulating the concentration of onium in a liquid onium poly(hydrogen fluoride) composition utilized in a hydrogen fluoride catalyzed alkylation reaction for a given level of total airborne hydrogen fluoride is disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of regulating the concentration of onium in the liquid onium poly(hydrogen fluoride) composition for a given level of RON. In one embodiment, the liquid onium poly(hydrogen fluoride composition is a mixture including pyridine and anhydrous hydrogen fluoride so as to give a pyridine poly(hydrogen fluoride) composition that is useful as a catalyst in the hydrogen fluoride catalyzed alkylation reaction.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 24, 1997
    Date of Patent: January 12, 1999
    Assignee: Texaco Inc
    Inventors: Kenneth Roy Comey, III, Gerald Verdell Nelson
  • Patent number: 5663474
    Abstract: This invention relates to catalysts for alkylation reactions and their preparation. More particularly, the invention relates to an alkylation process using a hydrogen fluoride-containing alkylation catalyst, which catalyst may be safely and easily handled, transported, and stored.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 7, 1996
    Date of Patent: September 2, 1997
    Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.
    Inventors: Hang Thanh Pham, Robert Pratt, Charles Lewis Redmon, John James Thompson, Michael Van Der Puy, Rajiv Ratna Singh, William James Hague, Harold John Kieta, Matthew Hermes Luly, Jeffrey Warren McKown
  • Patent number: 5583049
    Abstract: A method and system for controlling an HF alkylation system comprising a reactor, a settler, an HF acid regenerator and a source of fresh HF acid wherein a stream of olefins and a stream of isobutanes are contacted in the reactor in the presence an HF acid catalyst. At least the reactor feed is sampled, and the sample is passed to an analyzer using an attenuated total reflectance cell. Signals are generated which are representative of infrared spectra of the samples in a range providing information on the amount of at least one of HF, water, ASO and sulfolane. These signals are simultaneously determined and generated because all absorb in the same spectral region. This aspect provides for viewing these distortions of the main HF absorption band to quantify these three components. The infrared spectra signals are compared with stored signals to generate control signals; and at least one of HF, water and sulfolane fed to the reactor feed is adjusted in response to the control signal.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 17, 1995
    Date of Patent: December 10, 1996
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventors: Lawrence J. Altman, Rafi Jalkian
  • Patent number: 5475178
    Abstract: There is provided a catalyst comprising a heteropoly acid, such as phosphotungstic acid, supported on a mesoporous crystalline material, such as M41S. A particular form of this M41S support is designated as MCM-41. There is also provided a method for preparing this catalyst by impregnating the heteropoly acid on the support. There is also provided a process for using this catalyst to catalyze acid catalyzed reactions, such as the isomerization of paraffins and the alkylation of aromatics.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 18, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 12, 1995
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corp.
    Inventors: Kenneth J. Del Rossi, Gregory A. Jablonski, Charles T. Kresge, Guenter H. Kuehl, David O. Marler, Gayatri S. Rav, Brenda H. Rose
  • Patent number: 5457257
    Abstract: A process for alkylating an isoparaffin with an olefin in the presence of a catalyst comprising HF, BF.sub.3, and a hydroxylic promoter wherein the total acid dosage as defined herein is less than about 1 weight percent of the total hydrocarbon reactants and the molar ratio of BF.sub.3 to the sum of the moles of HF and hydroxylic promoter is greater than zero and less than about 1.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 13, 1994
    Date of Patent: October 10, 1995
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventors: Clarence D. Chang, Paul G. Rodewald
  • Patent number: 5407830
    Abstract: A method and system for controlling an HF alkylation system comprising a reactor, a settler, an HF acid regenerator and a source of fresh HF acid wherein a stream of olefins and a stream of isobutanes are contacted in the reactor in the presence an HF acid catalyst. At least the reactor feed is sampled, and the sample is passed to an analyzer using an attenuated total reflectance cell. Signals are generated which are representative of infrared spectra of the samples in a range providing information on the amount of at least one of HF, water, ASO and sulfolane. These signals are simultaneously determined and generated because all absorb in the same spectral region. This aspect provides for viewing these distortions of the main HF absorption band to quantify these three components. The infrared spectra signals are compared with stored signals to generate control signals; and at least one of HF, water and sulfolane fed to the reactor feed is adjusted in response to the control signal.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 1, 1993
    Date of Patent: April 18, 1995
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventors: Lawrence J. Altman, Rafi Jalkian
  • Patent number: 5396017
    Abstract: A process for the alkylation of hydrocarbon feedstock with an olefinic alkylating agent in the presence of a hydrogen fluoride catalyst, wherein the hydrogen fluoride catalyst is supported on a support material comprising a solid material with a Hammett acidity H.sub.0 >-8 calculated on the material in protonated form.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 7, 1995
    Assignee: Haldor Topsoe A/S
    Inventor: Sven I. Hommeltoft
  • Patent number: 5396018
    Abstract: Process for the recovery of acid catalyst from acid catalyzed hydrocarbon conversion processes comprising the steps of: passing a product stream of converted hydrocarbons leaving the hydrocarbon conversion process and containing the acid catalyst through a fixed bed of a solid adsorbent material having affinity for the acid catalyst and, thereby, adsorbing the acid catalyst on the material; desorbing the adsorbed acid catalyst by passing a process stream of hydrocarbons through the adsorbent bed; and cycling the process stream together with the desorbed acid catalyst contained therein to the hydrocarbon conversion process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 7, 1995
    Assignee: Haldor Topsoe A/S
    Inventor: Sven I. Hommeltoft
  • Patent number: 5371314
    Abstract: The invention provides an isoparaffin-olefin alkylation catalyst composition comprising from about 5 to about 95 weight percent hydrofluoric acid, from about 5 to about 95 weight percent of a solvent having a Donor Number of less than about 40 and from about 0.05 to about 10 weight percent water.An isoparaffin-olefin alkylation process employing the catalyst composition of the invention is also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 21, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 6, 1994
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventors: Kenneth J. Del Rossi, Albin Huss, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5362446
    Abstract: A method of increasing rainout from a liquid jet of an aerosolable corrosive and toxic substance, e.g. hydrogen fluoride, hydrofluoric acid, ammonia or chlorine, exiting from a pressurized source, such as a vessel, conduit, pump. The method includes spacing an impact plate from the pressurized source for deflecting the liquid jet to dissipate forward velocity and energy of the liquid jet. The impact plate is positioned a distance from the pressurized source to impact the liquid jet before the liquid is capable of expanding to form a substantial aerosol of vaporized substance. A mesh pad abuts the impact plate and faces the pressurized source for initially reducing the velocity and energy of the liquid jet, and for preventing back and radial splash of the liquid jet deflecting off the impact plate to coalesce droplets of the substance and thereby produce a collectable run-off.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 8, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 8, 1994
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventor: Klaus W. Schatz
  • Patent number: 5326924
    Abstract: Alkylation processes of the type used in the refining of petroleum can be improved by using a promoter composition which contains an alkyl phosphate ester amine salt and pinene.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 19, 1987
    Date of Patent: July 5, 1994
    Assignee: Nalco Chamical Company
    Inventor: John C. Kisalus
  • Patent number: 5326923
    Abstract: This invention is a process for the regeneration of solid acidic hydrocarbon conversion catalysts, but particularly certain transition aluminas and zeolites promoted with Lewis acids (preferably BF.sub.3) which have been used in the alkylation of isoparaffins with olefins. The process involves the removal of some portion of the reaction product residue adhering to the solid catalyst by contact with a solvent to partially recover the catalyst's initial activity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 22, 1991
    Date of Patent: July 5, 1994
    Assignee: Catalytica, Inc.
    Inventors: Michael D. Cooper, Pradip Rao, David L. King, Ronald R. Lopez
  • Patent number: 5324881
    Abstract: The alkylation of isoparaffin with olefin to provide alkylate is carried out in the presence of, as catalyst, a supported heteropoly acid. The support may be MCM-41, and the heteropoly acid may be dodecawolframophosphoric acid (i.e., phosphotungstic acid, i.e., H.sub.3 PW.sub.12 O.sub.40).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 12, 1993
    Date of Patent: June 28, 1994
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corp.
    Inventors: Charles T. Kresge, David O. Marler, Gayatri S. Rav, Brenda H. Rose
  • Patent number: 5306859
    Abstract: Described is a novel process for regenerating an ASO contaminated alkylation catalyst containing a sulfone component and a hydrogen halide component. A sulfone-containing mixture containing ASO and which is derived by the removal of a major portion of the hydrogen halide component of the alkylation catalyst is contacted with a reversable base selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyridine, amine-substituted styrene divinyl benzene copolymer and mixtures thereof so as to remove at least a portion of the ASO component from the sulfone-containing mixture to thereby produce a treated sulfone-containing mixture. The treated sulfone-containing mixture can further be processed by contacting it with an absorbent material which can include carbon and alumina.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 16, 1993
    Date of Patent: April 26, 1994
    Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Company
    Inventors: Alan D. Eastman, Ronald G. Abbott, Robert B. Eldridge
  • Patent number: 5292982
    Abstract: This invention provides an isoparaffin-olefin alkylation catalyst composition comprising hydrofluoric acid, an additive, and a superacid promoter. The additive is present in concentration sufficient to effect deactivation of the hydrofluoric acid for isoparaffin-olefin alkylation such that the catalytic properties of said admixture of the hydrofluoric acid and the additive, in the absence of superacid promoter are characterized by the conversion of a mixed isoparaffin-olefin stream to product containing more than about 0.1 weight percent of alkyl halide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 12, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 8, 1994
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventors: Kenneth J. Del Rossi, Albin Huss, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5286456
    Abstract: System for increasing rainout from a liquid jet of an aerosolable corrosive and toxic substance, e.g. hydrogen fluoride, hydrofluoric acid, ammonia or chlorine, exiting from a pressurized source such as a vessel, conduit, pump. The system includes an impact plate spaced from the pressurized source for deflecting the liquid jet to dissipate forward velocity and energy of the liquid jet. The impact plate is positioned a distance from the pressurized source to impact the liquid jet before the liquid is capable of expanding to form a substantial aerosol of vaporized substance. A mesh pad abuts the impact plate and faces the pressurized source for initially reducing the velocity and energy of the liquid jet, and for preventing back and radial splash of the liquid jet deflecting off the impact plate to coalesce droplets of the substance and thereby produce a collectable run-off.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 24, 1992
    Date of Patent: February 15, 1994
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventor: Klaus W. Schatz
  • Patent number: 5277881
    Abstract: A safety apparatus has been found for controlling the release of flashing hydrogen fluoride in a hydrocarbon alkylation process. The safety apparatus comprises containment baffles enclosing major process vessels. The safety apparatus may be used in combination with a liquid onium polyhydrogen fluoride complex to substantially reduce the vapor cloud produced from a leaking process vessel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 14, 1992
    Date of Patent: January 11, 1994
    Assignee: Texaco Inc.
    Inventors: George P. Partridge, Jr., Kenneth R. Comey, III, James Mudra, IV, Lee K. Gilmer
  • Patent number: 5276242
    Abstract: In one embodiment of this invention, a process for alkylating C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkanes (paraffins) with C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenes (monoolefins) employs a catalyst composition which has been prepared by heating a mixture consisting essentially of aluminum chloride, at least one metal sulfate (CuSO.sub.4, FeSO.sub.4, NiSO.sub.4, MgSO.sub.4, CaSO.sub.4 or combinations thereof), at least one inorganic refractory support material (alumina, silica, silica-alumina, aluminum phosphate, aluminum phosphate/oxide or combinations thereof), and at least one chlorinated hydrocarbon (preferably carbon tetrachloride). In another embodiment of this invention, a process for alkylating C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkanes with C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenes employs a catalyst which has been prepared by heating a mixture consisting essentially of aluminum chloride, aluminum phosphate, silica, and at least one chlorinated hydrocarbon (preferably carbon tetrachloride).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 20, 1993
    Date of Patent: January 4, 1994
    Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Company
    Inventor: An-hsiang Wu
  • Patent number: 5196627
    Abstract: The invention provides a substantially fail-safe HF alkylation process and reactor apparatus. The elongated reactor vessel is enclosed in a well casing and an alkylate-containing hydrocarbon layer is maintained above the hydrofluoric acid to prevent release of gaseous HF in the event of sudden depressurization. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbon layer contains light hydrocarbons which vaporize upon depressurization to effect Joule-Thompson cooling of the reactor vessel. A method for storing hazardous liquids and a penetration-resistant storage tank are also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 21, 1991
    Date of Patent: March 23, 1993
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventor: Hartley Owen
  • Patent number: 5196629
    Abstract: The invention provides a substantially fail-safe HF alkylation process and reactor apparatus. The elongated reactor vessel is enclosed in a subterranean well casing and an alkylate-containing hydrocarbon layer is maintained above the hydrofluoric acid to prevent release of gaseous HF in the event of sudden depressurization. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbon layer contains light hydrocarbons which vaporize upon depressurization to effect Joule-Thompson cooling of the reactor vessel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 21, 1991
    Date of Patent: March 23, 1993
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventors: Hartley Owen, Paul H. Schipper
  • Patent number: 5196628
    Abstract: The invention provides an isoparaffin:olefin alkylation catalyst composition and a process employing the same, wherein the catalyst composition comprises from about 10 to about 90 percent of at least one acid selected from the group consisting of hydrofluoric acid and the halogen-substituted sulfonic acids, together with from about 10 to about 90 weight percent of an additive having the formula R--(NO.sub.2).sub.n, wherein R is an alkyl, aromatic, alkyl halide or halide-substituted aromatic group having from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 21, 1991
    Date of Patent: March 23, 1993
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventors: Kenneth J. Del Rossi, Albin Huss, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5191147
    Abstract: The present invention provides a process for alkylating an isoparaffin with an olefin comprising contacting an isoparaffin having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms with an olefin having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms in an alkylation reaction zone at temperature from about -20.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. in the presence of a Bronsted acid and an inorganic, porous crystalline phase material having, after calcination, a d-spacing greater than about 18 Angstrom Units and having a benzene adsorption capacity of greater than 15 grams benzene per 100 grams of said material at 50 torr and 25.degree. C., wherein the molar ratio of said isoparaffin to said olefin is from about 1:1 to about 250:1 to evolve a product stream containing C.sub.5 + alkylate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 30, 1991
    Date of Patent: March 2, 1993
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventors: Thomas F. Degnan, Kenneth J. Del Rossi, Altaf Husain, Albin Huss, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5173467
    Abstract: The invention provides a catalyst complex for promoting alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefin, said catalyst complex comprising the reaction product of Lewis acid and at least one fluorophosphoric acid; and, additionally, excess Lewis acid in concentration of from about 10 ppm (weight) to about 10000 ppm by weight of the total isoparaffin and olefin feed. The invention further provides a process for the alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefin by contacting a mixture of isoparaffin and olefin with the catalyst complex of the invention.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 12, 1991
    Date of Patent: December 22, 1992
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventor: Kenneth J. Del Rossi
  • Patent number: 5073674
    Abstract: A process for alkylating an aliphatic hydrocarbon having isobutane with an alkenyl hydrocarbon with isobutylene in the presence of a liquid onium polyhydrogen fluoride complex as the reaction medium and catalyst at a temperature between -20.degree. and 70.degree. and pressure between atmospheric and 200 psi and at a time sufficient to form a high octane alkylate thereof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 20, 1990
    Date of Patent: December 17, 1991
    Inventor: George A. Olah
  • Patent number: 5015795
    Abstract: The thermal stability of synthetic lubricants composed of alpha-olefin oligomers is improved by reaction with an olefin such as decene or the lower molecular weight, non-lubricant range olefins produced in the course of the oligomerization of 1-alkenes. The alkylation of the lube range oligomer is carried out using acidic alkylation catalyst such as solid, open-pore catalyst, e.g., fluorided alumina.The improved lubricant compositions of the present invention comprise a high viscosity index liquid lubricant oligomer composition containing C.sub.30 -C.sub.1300 hydrocarbons with at least one higher alkyl branch per oligomer molecule, said alkyl branch containing between 12 and 40 carbon atoms. In a preferred embodiment the novel alkylated lubricant composition has a methyl to methylene branch ratio of less than 0.19 and pour point below -15.degree. C.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 3, 1990
    Date of Patent: May 14, 1991
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventor: Bruce P. Pelrine
  • Patent number: 4985220
    Abstract: A method of containing a hydrofluoric acid spill which includes the steps of detecting the spill, drenching the hydrofluoric acid spill area with an aqueous drench, drenching the hydrofluoric acid area with an aqueous solution composed of at least one foam generating surfactant, a foam stabilizer and a phase transfer agent. The drenching steps may be performed in sequence or concurrently.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 8, 1988
    Date of Patent: January 15, 1991
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventors: Costandi A. Audeh, Saverio G. Greco
  • Patent number: 4938935
    Abstract: The incorporation of a proton acceptor to an HF alkylation composition. The addition alters the character of HF droplets in an HF cloud rendering a forming HF cloud more easily treated by a simple water drench.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 8, 1988
    Date of Patent: July 3, 1990
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventors: Costandi A. Audeh, Saverio G. Greco
  • Patent number: 4938936
    Abstract: A method of containing and neutralizing a hydrofluoric acid spill which comprises the steps of detecting a hydrofluoric acid spill, and then drenching the hydrofluoric acid spill area with a drench composition comprising water, and an alkali agent, or water an alkali agent and a surfactant, or water an alkali agent, a surfactant and a foaming agent. The alkali agents are present in an amount of 0.1 to 10 parts per 100 parts of water.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 1, 1988
    Date of Patent: July 3, 1990
    Assignee: Mobil Oil Corporation
    Inventor: Tsoung Y. Yan
  • Patent number: 4891466
    Abstract: A novel liquid acid catalyzed alkylation process utilizing a liquid acid catalyst comprising a surfactant and a liquid acid is disclosed which incorporates a fixed bed of contact material to improve the alkylation reaction zone efficiency. The fixed bed of contact material also allows the process to be efficiently operated at lower acid to olefin mole/mole feed ratios than normally used.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 29, 1988
    Date of Patent: January 2, 1990
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventor: Joseph A. Kocal
  • Patent number: 4835333
    Abstract: A novel hydrofluoric acid-catalyzed motor fuel alkylation process and catalyst is disclosed which incorporates from 0.5 to 5 vol. % of a cationic or anionic surfactant component in an HF containing acid alkylation catalyst to enable the process to be operated at an olefin-to-acid volumetric feed ratio greater than 1.0 while producing a motor alkylate product with a good octane number.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 25, 1988
    Date of Patent: May 30, 1989
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventor: Joseph A. Kocal
  • Patent number: 4795728
    Abstract: A novel hydrofluoric acid-catalyzed motor fuel alkylation process and catalyst is disclosed which incorporates from 0.5 to 5 vol. % of a cationic or anionic surfactant component in an HF containing acid alkylation catalyst to enable the process to be operated at an olefin-to-acid volumetric feed ratio greater than 1.0 while producing a motor alkylate product with a good octane number.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 1, 1987
    Date of Patent: January 3, 1989
    Assignee: UOP Inc.
    Inventor: Joseph A. Kocal
  • Patent number: 4781814
    Abstract: Crystalline molecular sieves having three-dimensional microporous framework structure of MO.sub.2, AlO.sub.2, and PO.sub.2 tetrahedral oxide units are disclosed. These molecular sieves have an empirical chemical composition on an anhydrous basis are expressed by the formula:mR: (M.sub.x Al.sub.y P.sub.z)O.sub.2wherein "R" represents at least one organic templating agent present in the intracrystalline pore system; "m" represents the molar amount of "R" present per mole of (M.sub.x Al.sub.y P.sub.z)O.sub.2 ; "M" represents at least two elements capable of forming framework tetrahedral oxides and selected from the group consisting of arsenic, beryllium, boron, chromium, gallium, germanium, lithium and vanadium; and "x", "y" and "z" represent the mole fractions of "M", aluminum and phosphorus, respectively, present as tetrahedral oxides. Their use as adsorbents, catalysts, etc. is disclosed. The catalyst is useful in the cracking and hydrocracking of various hydrocarbonaceous feeds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 6, 1987
    Date of Patent: November 1, 1988
    Assignee: Union Carbide Corporation
    Inventors: Edith M. Flanigen, Brent M. Lok, Robert L. Patton, Stephen T. Wilson
  • Patent number: 4551236
    Abstract: Titanium-containing molecular sieves are disclosed having use as molecular sieves and as catalyst compositions in hydrocarbon conversion and other processes. The instant invention employs novel titanium-containing molecular sieves comprising titanium, aluminum, phosphorus and oxygen and are generally employable in hydrocarbon conversion processes, including cracking, hydrocracking and hydrotreating.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 3, 1984
    Date of Patent: November 5, 1985
    Assignee: Union Carbide Corporation
    Inventors: Brent M. T. Lok, Bonita K. Marcus, Edith M. Flanigen
  • Patent number: 4544794
    Abstract: The efficiency of acid catalyzed alkylation of alkanes with olefins is improved by conducting the alkylation in the presence of small amounts of a mixture of a neo acid and another fatty acid having 10 to 30 carbon atoms.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 10, 1984
    Date of Patent: October 1, 1985
    Assignee: Atlantic Richfield Company
    Inventors: Richard F. Miller, Michael P. Nicholson