Heterocyclic Or Polymeric Patents (Class 585/865)
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Patent number: 4776927Abstract: A process is disclosed for the separation of aromates from hydrocarbon mixtures of optional aromate content through extractive distillation using N-substituted morpholine displaying substituents having no more than 7 C-atoms as selective solvent. Part of the solvent is delivered to the uppermost plate of the extractive distillation column and the remainder of the solvent, preferably amounting to between 10 and 40% by weight, is introduced into the extractive distillation column in at least two partial streams onto plates above the inlet for the hydrocarbon mixture. The temperature of the respective solvent partial streams is adjusted to neither exceed the temperature of the corresponding delivery plates nor fall below this temperature by more than 10.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1987Date of Patent: October 11, 1988Assignee: Krupp=Koppers GmbHInventors: Gerd Emmrich, Gerhard Preusser
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Patent number: 4647344Abstract: Isoprene is recovered from a C.sub.5 -hydrocarbon mixture containing isoprene, penta-1,3-diene and cyclopentadiene by separating the said mixture by liquid-liquid extraction or extractive distillation with the aid of a selective solvent, in combination with a distillation upstream or downstream from the liquid-liquid extraction or extractive distillation, by a method in which a stream containing penta-1,3-diene and cyclopentadiene is separated off in the upstream or downstream distillation and is catalytically hydrogenated, and the hydrogenated stream is fed to the upper part of the liquid-liquid extraction or extractive distillation.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1984Date of Patent: March 3, 1987Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Alfred Lindner, Ulrich Wagner, Klaus Volkamer, Walter Rebafka
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Patent number: 4629533Abstract: A process for recovering 3-methyl-1-butene from a hydrocarbon stream by treating the stream with a dimethylformamide/sulfolane solvent mixture to remove compounds which form azeotropes with 3-methyl-1-butene and separating the remaining stream.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1985Date of Patent: December 16, 1986Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Charles A. Drake
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Patent number: 4604191Abstract: Described is a process for removing arsenic, vanadium, and/or nickel from petroliferous derived liquids by contacting said liquid at an elevated temperature with a divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene having catechol ligands anchored thereon. For vanadium and nickel removal an amine, preferably a diamine is included.Also, described is a process for regenerating spent catecholated polystyrene by removal of the arsenic, vanadium, and/or nickel bound to it from contacting petroliferous liquid as described above and involves:treating the spent polymer containing any vanadium and/or nickel with an aqueous acid to achieve an acid pH; and,separating the solids from the liquid; and thentreating said spent catecholated polystyrene, at a temperature in the range of about 20.degree. to 100.degree. C. with an aqueous solution of at least one carbonate and/or bicarbonate of ammonium, alkali and alkaline earth metals, said solution having a pH between about 8 and 10; and,separating the solids and liquids from each other.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 1985Date of Patent: August 5, 1986Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventor: Richard H. Fish
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Patent number: 4586986Abstract: Disclosed is a method for recovering pure aromatic substances from a mixture of hydrocarbons containing both aromatic and non-aromatic fractions. The input mixture is fed through an extractive stage provided with a preliminary distillation column. In the preliminary stage the aromatics-containing product is treated at a pressure up to 20 bar and a temperature up to 300.degree. C. The pressure is adjusted to a value at which the operational temperature of the preliminary stage is higher than the pressure and temperature in the extractive stage and the heat of the vapors discharged from the preliminary stage is used for heating the extractive stage.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1984Date of Patent: May 6, 1986Assignee: Krupp-Koppers GmbHInventors: Gerhard Preusser, Martin Schulze, Gerd Emmrich, Hans-Christoph Schneider
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Patent number: 4543437Abstract: Dialkenylbenzene compounds, present in t-butylstyrene in small quantities as impurities are removed by liquid/liquid extraction using aqueous sulfolane as solvent.Type: GrantFiled: December 24, 1984Date of Patent: September 24, 1985Assignee: El Paso Products CompanyInventors: James D. Henery, Stephen C. McHaney, Charles L. Edwards
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Patent number: 4543438Abstract: The reaction effluent from an oxydehydrogenation reactor, used in the preparation of t-butylstyrene from t-butylethylbenzene, is subjected to liquid-liquid extraction with a sulfolane-water mixture to separate unreacted t-butylethylbenzene from t-butylstyrene.Type: GrantFiled: December 24, 1984Date of Patent: September 24, 1985Assignee: El Paso Products CompanyInventors: James D. Henery, Charles L. Edwards, Stephen C. McHaney
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Patent number: 4529500Abstract: Hydrocarbon processing equipment is protected against fouling during the processing of hydrocarbons at elevated temperatures by adding to the equipment small amounts of the N,N'-dimer of phenothiazine or a substituted phenothiazine.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 1984Date of Patent: July 16, 1985Assignee: Atlantic RichfieldInventors: Richard F. Miller, Michael P. Nicholson
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Patent number: 4488936Abstract: A process and apparatus are provided controlling the heat input of an extractive distillation column. The bottom of the column is heated with a major stream of thermal energy which is either slowly varying in time or controlled by the amount of starting material mixture and with a minor stream of thermal energy which is controlled by sensing the thermodynamic state in the upper half of the column during the process. The major stream can provide about 90 percent and the minor stream about 10 percent of the heat fed to the column. The minor stream can be controlled by the temperature at one point in the upper half of the column, by the temperature difference at two points in the upper half of the column or by gas chromatographic analysis of the extract material concentration near the top of the column. The process allows one to keep a low concentration of the extract material in the raffinate.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1983Date of Patent: December 18, 1984Assignee: Krupp-Koppers GmbHInventors: Gerhard Preusser, Klaus Richter, Martin Schulze
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Patent number: 4465882Abstract: Vinyl aromatic compounds are stabilized against undesired polymerization by adding to the vinyl aromatic compounds small amounts of at least one N,N-diarylhydroxylamine and at least one N,N' dimer of phenothiazine or substituted phenothiazine.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1983Date of Patent: August 14, 1984Assignee: Atlantic Richfield CompanyInventors: Richard F. Miller, Michael P. Nicholson
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Patent number: 4465881Abstract: Vinyl aromatic compounds are stabilized against undesired polymerization by adding to the vinyl aromatic compounds small amounts of the N,N'-dimer of phenothiazine or a substituted phenothiazine.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1983Date of Patent: August 14, 1984Assignee: Atlantic Richfield CompanyInventors: Richard F. Miller, Michael P. Nicholson
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Patent number: 4431528Abstract: Unsaturated hydrocarbons and mixtures in which the latter are present are treated with anion exchangers prior to hydrogenation and are then hydrogenated catalytically in a known manner. The treatment with anion exchangers is carried out at 0.degree.-120.degree. C. and at a space velocity of 0.1 to 10 l of hydrocarbons to be hydrogenated per l of exchanger, per hour. The process avoids other, energy-intensive pretreatments, for example distillation of the hydrocarbons to be hydrogenated, or washing, and can be carried out in simple equipment. A considerable prolongation of the catalyst operating time is achieved in the subsequent catalytic hydrogenation.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 1982Date of Patent: February 14, 1984Assignee: EC Erdolchemie GmbHInventors: Bernhard Schleppinghoff, Horst Reinhardt, Herbert Tschorn
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Patent number: 4419226Abstract: A process for the recovery of aromatic hydrocarbons and a non-aromatic raffinate stream from a hydrocarbon charge stock is disclosed. The hydrocarbon charge stock is treated with an aromatics-selective solvent to provide an aromatics-rich solvent stream and a non-aromatic raffinate stream. The aromatics-rich solvent stream is treated in a stripper column at conditions to separate substantially all of the non-aromatic hydrocarbons therefrom. The rich solvent stream is subjected to steam stripping to provide a high purity aromatics stream and an aqueous stream comprising the steam condensate and residual aromatics. This aqueous stream is treated with a minor portion of the non-aromatic raffinate to remove the residual aromatics, and the resulting aqueous stream is utilized to wash the remainder of the raffinate free of solvent. The raffinate stream is recovered substantially free of aromatics.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1980Date of Patent: December 6, 1983Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventor: George F. Asselin
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Patent number: 4409421Abstract: Pure tert.-olefins are prepared from mixtures of hydrocarbons, which contain at least one such tert.-olefin, by reaction with an alkanol to give the corresponding alkyl tert.-alkyl ethers, and subsequent cleavage of these ethers back to the corresponding pure tert.-olefins and the alkanol, and the separation of the pure tert.-olefin from the alkanol. For this, the alkanol present after the cleavage of the ether is separated from the tert.-olefin to the extent of 60 to 99% by weight by distillation, and the residual amount of alcohol in the olefin fraction is removed by adsorption from this fraction onto a synthetic ion exchanger as an absorber resin. The admixture of the alkanol to the mixture of hydrocarbons with at least one tert.-olefin is carried out partly by using the alkanol fraction arising from the separating off of the pure tert.-olefin, and partly by desorption of the alkanol from the absorber resin with the aid of the mixture of hydrocarbons containing at least 1 tert.-olefin.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 1982Date of Patent: October 11, 1983Assignees: EC Erdolchemie GmbH, Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Jens Herwig, Bruno Schulwitz, Bernhard Schleppinghoff, Hans-Volker Scheef, Peter M. Lange
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Patent number: 4385196Abstract: A solvent system composed essentially of sulfolane and a ketone, e.g., sulfolane and methyl ethyl ketone is employed in a liquid-liquid extraction operation to separate a low boiling olefin, e.g., pentene-2, hexene-1, octene-1, etc., from a corresponding close boiling paraffin, e.g., n-pentane, n-hexane, and n-octane, respectively, and wherein solvent is recovered by employing a portion thereof in a drying or stripping column.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 1981Date of Patent: May 24, 1983Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Cecil O. Carter
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Patent number: 4348260Abstract: In a process for separating a conjugated diene from a hydrocarbon mixture containing the conjugated diene by extractive distillation using dimethyl formamide as an extractive solvent, a method for inhibiting polymerization of the conjugated diene in the dimethyl formamide at a high temperature which comprises using furfural and furfural polycondensates as polymerization inhibitors, and controlling the amounts of the polymerization inhibitors such that about 0.01 to about 2% by weight, based on the solvent, of furfural and about 0.5 to about 10% by weight, based on the solvent, of the furfural polycondensates are present in a total amount of about 1 to about 12% by weight, based on the solvent, throughout the entire separating process.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 1980Date of Patent: September 7, 1982Assignee: Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Hokari, Iwaki Nishitai
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Patent number: 4341600Abstract: A process for distilling vinyltoluene comprising subjecting vinyltoluene to distillation conditions in the presence of a synergistic polymerization inhibiting mixture of N-nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPA) and dinitro-para-cresol (DNPC). Preferably from about 100 to about 300 ppm by weight NDPA and about 300 to about 700 ppm by weight DNPC are dissolved in the crude vinyltoluene and the resulting solution is vacuum distilled.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 1981Date of Patent: July 27, 1982Assignee: Cosden Technology, Inc.Inventor: James M. Watson
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Patent number: 4310388Abstract: A process for isolating a conjugated diolefin from a C.sub.4 - or C.sub.5 -hydrocarbon mixture containing the diolefin, by single-stage or multi-stage extractive distillation using a selective solvent, wherein the selective solvent is a solvent mixture which comprises(a) from 50 to 99 percent by weight of a selective solvent boiling at from 140.degree. C. to 260.degree. C. and(b) from 1 to 50 percent by weight of an organic solvent boiling at from 45.degree. C. to 125.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1980Date of Patent: January 12, 1982Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Volkamer, Klaus Broellos, Alfred Lindner, Ulrich Wagner, Hans-Martin Weitz, Klaus-Juergen Schneider
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Patent number: 4299667Abstract: A process for recovering pure benzene from hydrocarbon mixtures containing the same and non-aromatic compounds which are gaseous and difficultly condensible is described in which the feedstock is fed to an initial distillation column operated at atmospheric or sub-atmospheric pressure. Overhead comprising benzene and non-aromatics is obtained and a portion thereof condensed. The condensible material is in part returned to the distillation column and in part subjected to extractive distillation to recover pure benzene. Those components which did not condense, i.e. the non-condensible and difficultly condensible components and entrained aromatics are fed to a reflux vessel such as a scrubber, stripper, or the like for recovery of any benzene or other valuable components which might be soluble in a selective solvent and used for such recovery. The selective solvent can be the same solvent used for the extractive distillation.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1980Date of Patent: November 10, 1981Assignee: Metallgesellschaft AktiengesellschaftInventors: Helmut Klein, Kamar P. John
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Patent number: 4292141Abstract: A process for isolating butadiene, with the aid of a selective solvent, from a C.sub.4 -hydrocarbon mixture which contains butadiene and small amounts of styrene and may contain oxygen, hydrocarbons more soluble than butadiene in the selective solvent and hydrocarbons less soluble than butadiene in the selective solvent, in which process the C.sub.4 -hydrocarbon mixture is separated by extractive distillation into a distillate which contains the less soluble hydrocarbons, a stream of butadiene and a stream containing the more soluble hydrocarbons, and in which a mixture of styrene and C.sub.4 -hydrocarbons is removed from the C.sub.4 -hydrocarbon mixture in a distillation zone upstream of the extractive distillation, the top product of the said distillation zone being fed to the extractive distillation.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 1979Date of Patent: September 29, 1981Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Alfred Lindner, Klaus Volkamer, Ulrich Wagner, Dieter Pommer, Klaus-Juergen Schneider, Harald Schwentker
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Patent number: 4280881Abstract: Indene is separated from close boiling, olefinically unsaturated alkylaromatic compounds by extractive distillation. For example, indene is separated from trans-.beta.-methylstyrene, and from 2-, 3- and 4-methylstyrene by extractive distillation using 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as the extracting agent.Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 1980Date of Patent: July 28, 1981Assignee: Gulf Research & Development CompanyInventors: John C. Montagna, Robert D. Galli, John Freel
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Patent number: 4278504Abstract: A process for isolating a conjugated diolefin from a C.sub.4 - or C.sub.5 -hydrocarbon mixture containing the diolefin, by single-stage or multi-stage extractive distillation using a selective solvent, wherein the selective solvent is a solvent mixture which comprises(a) from 1 to 99 percent by weight of an N-alkyl-substituted lower aliphatic acid amide or of an N-alkyl-substituted alicyclic acid amide having 5 ring members and(b) from 1 to 99 percent by weight of an aliphatic or alicyclic ether boiling at from 30.degree. C. to 200.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1980Date of Patent: July 14, 1981Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Volkamer, Klaus Brollos, Alfred Lindner, Ulrich Wagner, Hans-Martin Weitz, Klaus-Jurgen Schneider
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Patent number: 4277315Abstract: A process for isolating a conjugated diolefin from a C.sub.4 - or C.sub.5 -hydrocarbon mixture containing the diolefin, by single-stage or multi-stage extractive distillation using a selective solvent, wherein the selective solvent is a solvent mixture which comprises(a) from 1 to 99 percent by weight of an N-alkyl-substituted lower aliphatic acid amide or of an N-alkyl-substituted alicyclic acid amide having 5 ring members and(b) from 1 to 99 percent by weight of an lower aliphatic carboxylic acid ester or carbonic acid ester boiling at from 30.degree. C. to 200.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1980Date of Patent: July 7, 1981Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Volkamer, Klaus Broellos, Alfred Lindner, Ulrich Wagner, Hans-Martin Weitz, Klaus-Juergen Schneider
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Patent number: 4273645Abstract: An improved solvent extraction process is described for the preparation of lube oil products, the improvement whereby the solvent contains an additive which facilitates phase separation and increases the yield of raffinate.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1979Date of Patent: June 16, 1981Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Costandi A. Audeh, Israel J. Heilweil, James R. White, Tsoung Y. Yan
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Patent number: 4269668Abstract: The separation of butadiene-1,3 from other C-4 hydrocarbons of lesser degree of unsaturation by extractive distillation with alkoxynitrile or aqueous alkoxynitrile as selective solvent is carried out with improved selectivity, without appreciable formation of butadiene-1,3 polymer and with consequent savings in energy by adding to the alkoxynitrile or aqueous alkoxynitrile an organic cosolvent which is dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, butyrolactone, N-methyl pyrrolidone, morpholine, or trimethyl phosphate and/or an inhibitor which is 2,4-dinitrophenol or 2,4-dinitro-ortho-cresol. The organic cosolvent is present in the selective solvent composition in an amount of 5 to 30 percent by weight and the inhibitor in an amount of 0.05 to 0.6 percent by weight.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1980Date of Patent: May 26, 1981Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventor: Pradeep V. Patel
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Patent number: 4268361Abstract: Formation of butadiene-1,3 polymer during the extractive distillation of a C-4 hydrocarbon mixture to separate and purify butadiene-1,3 using a solvent composition in which an alkoxynitrile is present in a proportion of 50-99 percent by weight, is decreased through inclusion in the solvent of a synergistic combination of 2,4-dinitrophenol and phosphoric acid, each in a proportion of 0.05 to 0.5 percent by weight.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1980Date of Patent: May 19, 1981Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventor: Pradeep V. Patel
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Patent number: 4237330Abstract: A process for isolating butadiene by means of a selective solvent from a C.sub.4 -hydrocarbon mixture which contains butadiene, small amounts of oxygen, hydrocarbons which are more soluble than butadiene in the selective solvent and hydrocarbons which are less soluble than butadiene in the selective solvent, wherein the C.sub.4 -hydrocarbon mixture is separated, by extractive distillation, into a distillate containing the less soluble hydrocarbons, a stream of butadiene and a stream containing the more soluble hydrocarbons, a mixture of oxygen and C.sub.4 -hydrocarbons is separated out of the C.sub.4 -hydrocarbon mixture in a distillation zone upstream of the extractive distillation, and the bottom product is fed to the extractive distillation.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1979Date of Patent: December 2, 1980Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Alfred Lindner, Klaus Volkamer, Ulrich Wagner
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Patent number: 4162198Abstract: A process for separating, by means of a selective solvent, a mixture of C.sub.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 1978Date of Patent: July 24, 1979Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Dieter Stockburger, Klaus Volkamer, Detlef Bender, Klaus-Juergen Schneider, Harald Schwentker, Ulrich Wagner, Hans-Martin Weitz