Abstract: Disclosed is a combustor including a baffle plate having at least one through baffle hole and at least one fuel nozzle extending through the at least one baffle hole. A plurality of injection holes extend through the at least one fuel nozzle and are configured to meter a flow of diluent into the combustor. Further disclosed is a method for providing diluent to a combustor including providing a plurality of openings located at at least one fuel nozzle extending through a through hole in a baffle plate. The diluent is flowed through the plurality of openings toward at least one airflow opening in the at least one fuel nozzle.

Abstract: A system including a gas turbine engine having a compressor portion, a combustion portion and an exhaust portion is disclosed. The system includes a first regulating nozzle for injecting water into the compressor portion, a second regulating nozzle for injecting water into the combustion portion, a third regulating nozzle for injecting water into the exhaust portion, and a condenser apparatus for extracting water from flue gases in the exhaust portion. The system further includes a pump for pumping water from the condenser apparatus to the first, second and third regulating nozzles, wherein said nozzles inject water supplied solely from the condenser apparatus, and a processor communicatively coupled to said regulating nozzles, wherein the processor is configured for transmitting control signals to the first, second and third regulating nozzles, and wherein the control signals are configured to command said regulating nozzles to inject predefined amounts of water.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and system for vertically producing a steam and combustion gas mixture, typically used in enhanced oil recovery processes. The system is a fluid bed up-flow combustor system, including a vertical vessel with fours sections. In a first section, fuel, oxidizer, and possibly water are supplied to the high pressure combustor at a combustion section of a vertical vessel. The combustion gas from the first section flows to a second section for steam generation, where low quality water is injected and turned into steam. Next, the third section is a homogenizer vessel, where any remaining water drops are converted to steam and solid particles and discharged from the vessel. The fourth section located at the bottom of the vessel is a fluid bed, receiving and processing the falling solids from the combustion and the steam generation sections.

Abstract: A power generation system (11) and method of operating such a system (11) including a steam turbine (14). In one embodiment a HRSG (20) includes an evaporator (127) coupled to receive condensate from the steam turbine (14), and a superheater (132) coupled to receive output from the evaporator (127). The HRSG (20) generates steam with thermal energy received from a combustion turbine (28). A flash tank (9) receives water heated in the HRSG (20), outputs a first portion of the water as steam, and outputs a second portion of the water as liquid. A flow line (134) passes steam (51) from the flash tank (9) to a combustion chamber (26) in the combustion turbine (28) to provide power augmentation.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application include a combustor assembly. The combustor assembly may include a combustion chamber, a first plenum, a second plenum, and one or more elongate air/fuel premixing injection tubes. Each of the elongate air/fuel premixing injection tubes may include a first length at least partially disposed within the first plenum and configured to receive a first fluid from the first plenum. Moreover, each of the elongate air/fuel premixing injection tubes may include a second length disposed downstream of the first length and at least partially disposed within the second plenum. The second length may be formed of a porous wall configured to allow a second fluid from the second plenum to enter the second length and create a boundary layer about the porous wall.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for removing deposits from rotating parts of a gas turbine engine while under full fire or idle speed utilizing a particulate coke composition. The coke composition may be introduced directly into the combustion chamber (combustor) of the gas turbine or, alternatively, anywhere in the fuel stream, water washing system, or the combustion air system. By kinetic impact with the deposits on blades and vanes, the deposits will be dislodged and will thereby restore the gas turbine to rated power output. If introduced into the compressor section, the coke particles impinge on those metal surfaces, cleaning them prior to entering the hot gas section where the process is repeated.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an open brayton bottoming cycle includes a heat exchanger configured between a compressor and an expander. The heat exchanger is configured to receive heat from a heat source and supply at least a portion of the exhaust heat to an expander using a fluid. The compressor configured to supply compressed fluid to the heat exchanger. The expander has a shaft connected to the compressor and configured to supply energy to the compressor. At least one of the compressor or the expander has an efficiency greater than 80 percent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solar assisted combined cycle power plant having a compressor that pressurizes combustion air, a combustor that mixes and burns the combustion air and gas turbine fuel to generate a high-temperature combustion gas, a gas turbine that drives the compressor by using the combustion gas, an exhaust heat recovery steam generator that obtains steam from thermal energy of a gas exhausted from the gas turbine, and a steam turbine that is driven by using the steam obtained by the exhaust heat recovery steam generator. The solar assisted combined cycle power plant includes a solar collector to turn supplied water to warm water; a heat accumulator that stores pressurized hot water from the solar collector and the exhaust heat recovery steam generator; and a spray device that handles the pressurized hot water as spray water and sprays the spray water onto the air to be taken into the compressor.

Abstract: A method of operating a gas turbine power plant including an auxiliary power output for reducing power plant emissions. A heat recovery steam generator receives an expanded working medium from a gas turbine and removes heat from the expanded working medium to form a reduced temperature exhaust gas and to generate steam from the heat removed from the expanded working medium. A steam turbine and generator assembly operates on the steam to produce an auxiliary plant output. A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system is provided for receiving the reduced temperature exhaust gas; and an auxiliary fan is powered by the auxiliary plant output to supply dilution air for further reducing the temperature of the exhaust gas to prior to passing the exhaust gas through the SCR system.

Abstract: A system includes a turbine fuel supply system. The turbine fuel supply system includes a first turbine fuel mixer configured to mix a first liquid fuel and a first deaerated water to generate a first fuel mixture. The first fuel mixture is configured to combust in a combustor of a gas turbine engine. The turbine fuel supply system also includes a deaerated water flow path configured to route the first deaerated water to the first turbine fuel mixer and a liquid fuel flow path configured to route the first liquid fuel to the first turbine fuel mixer.

Abstract: A combustion system comprising a combustion chamber fed by fuel and oxidant delivery lines. The oxidant line has an oxidant tank pressurized by a compressor. The fuel delivery line has a fuel source and a fuel feed mechanism. An ignition device ignites the oxidant and fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. The coolant line is adapted to inject cooling fluid directly into the combustion chamber. An energy production device is disposed downstream a combustion chamber exhaust valve for converting energy from both exhausted combustion gases and coolant gases exhausted from the combustion chamber. In some embodiments the coolant is the oxidant, while in other embodiments the coolant is another fluid introduced from a separate coolant delivery line.

Abstract: A method of actively controlling pattern factor in a gas turbine engine includes the steps of issuing fuel into a combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine through one or more circumferentially disposed fuel injectors, determining an initial circumferential pattern factor in the combustion chamber, and adjusting fuel flow through one or more selected fuel injectors based on the initial circumferential pattern factor, to yield a modified circumferential pattern factor in the combustion chamber. The step of determining the circumferential pattern factor can include the steps of detecting a chemiluminescent signature within the combustor, correlating the chemiluminescent signature to an equivalence ratio, and computing the initial circumferential pattern factor based on the equivalence ratio.

Abstract: A catalytic engine comprises a catalytic reformer and a turbine, and it employs the process steps of introducing a reactant mixture of fuel, air, water and recycled exhaust gas into a reaction zone, reacting said fuel mixture over oxidation catalysts in the reaction zone by adjusting the CO2/C, H2O/C, O2/C ratios and the % fuel of the reactant mixture to maintain the reactor at a temperature between 150-1100° C. and a pressure between 1 to 100 atmosphere, and feeding said refromate stream from said reaction zone to drive a downstream turbine, a turbocharger or any kind of gas turbine. This catalytic engine can be connected to an electrical generator to become a stationary or mobile power station, which can be used in transportation, industrial, utility and household applications.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine has in flow series: a compressor section, a combustion chamber, and a turbine section. The engine further has a steam generator. The combustion chamber has a steam reservoir located at the upstream end thereof. The steam reservoir receives steam from the steam generator, and delivers the received steam into a combustion zone of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method of operating a multi-fuel combustion system is provided. The method includes a first phase and a second phase, wherein the first phase includes providing ignition to a combustor basket to ignite a first type of fuel, where the first type of fuel is supplied to the combustor basket through a first conduit. Also in first phase steam is also supplied to the first conduit in addition to the first type of fuel and steam is supplied to the second conduit after the ignition. In the second phase a second type of fuel is supplied to the combustor basket through the second conduit after ignition of the first fuel through the first conduit, while stopping the supply of the first fuel, and continuing to supply steam through both the first and second conduits.

Abstract: A flame-holding control method in a gas turbine having a combustor can and a fuel nozzle disposed in the combustor can. The method can include performing a first scheduled injection of a diluent stream into the nozzle, checking to see if a time period has exceeded a time threshold and in response to the time period being greater than that the time threshold, performing a second scheduled injection of the diluent stream into the nozzle.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a system includes an end cover and a liquid cartridge. The liquid cartridge is configured to mount in a fuel nozzle of a turbine engine, wherein the liquid cartridge comprises a one piece flange configured to couple to the end cover, wherein the flange comprises a water inlet, an air inlet, and a fuel inlet.

Abstract: Power plant characteristics are operated in a flexible manner by controlling the power consumption of a CO2 capture and compression system. The impact of CO2 capture and compression on the capacity of a power plant can be minimized to maximize the electric power the plant can deliver to the power grid and the impact of CO2 capture and compression on the average plant efficiency can be reduced, by an operating method and a power plant, in which the power consumption of the CO2 capture system is used to control the net output of the plant.

Abstract: A power plant frequency response characteristic is implemented by controlling the power consumption of a CO2 capture and compression system. A power reserve is provided for under-frequency events without deloading the plant to part load, by an operating method, in which the power consumption of the CO2 capture system is used to control the net output of the plant.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine including a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine arranged in flow series, wherein the gas turbine engine further includes: one or more combustion zones; a source of steam configured to deliver steam to the combustion chamber; and a liquid water delivery system configured to selectively provide liquid water to one or more of the combustion zones after a start up period of the gas turbine engine. A method of generating power with a gas turbine engine, the gas turbine engine including a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine arranged in flow series, wherein the method includes: selectively delivering steam from a source of steam to the combustion chamber; and providing liquid water to one or more combustion zones after a start up period of the gas turbine engine.

Abstract: Additional thrust fuel efficiency is provided for a gas turbine system that includes a first member(s) (e.g., a support for a rotating main shaft) that is attached to a stationary casing. The rotating main shaft is attached to the first member through a bearing. A second member is associated with a rotating member, such as a motor or other rotating part of the main or other shaft. The first member has a flow path in it for the liquid (e.g. water and/or other volatile liquid) and has an opening (nozzle) for discharging the liquid. The second member has a liquid impinging member for generating a liquid spray, droplet, mist optimally, which vaporizes with hot combustion gases that flow exteriorly along the main shaft. In this form vaporization is quick and is less erosive. The volume of thrust gases is increased advantageously and likewise engine boost increases.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which the power output is controlled by modulating at least one of the compression ratio, expansion ratio, ratio of expansion rate to compression rate, air to fuel ratio, and steam to air ratio. Continuous isobaric catalytic combustion followed by isothermal expansion and the use of separate compressor and expander devices are used. Control dynamically maximizes fuel efficiency for the given power demand conditions. Power output is controlled by modulating flame temperature and/or pressure instead of by throttling. Lean combustion, high compression ratio, exhaust heat recuperation, and high power density and fuel economy are provided. External cooling is minimized or eliminated. Insulation of the engine effectively reduces energy losses to friction. Interchangeable use of gasoline, hydrogen and ammonia at high fuel efficiency is made possible for transitional periods of fuel availabilities. An injector suitable for isothermal expansion is provided.

Abstract: A method of actively controlling pattern factor in a gas turbine engine includes the steps of issuing fuel into a combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine through one or more circumferentially disposed fuel injectors, determining an initial circumferential pattern factor in the combustion chamber, and adjusting fuel flow through one or more selected fuel injectors based on the initial circumferential pattern factor, to yield a modified circumferential pattern factor in the combustion chamber. The step of determining the circumferential pattern factor can include the steps of detecting a chemiluminescent signature within the combustor, correlating the chemiluminescent signature to an equivalence ratio, and computing the initial circumferential pattern factor based on the equivalence ratio.

Abstract: A thermally diluted exothermic reactor system is comprised of numerous orifices distributed within a combustor by distributed perforated contactor tubes or ducts. The perforated contactors deliver and mix diluent fluid and one or more reactant fluids with an oxidant fluid. Numerous micro-jets about the perforated tubes deliver, mix and control the composition of reactant fluid, oxidant fluid and diluent fluid. The reactor controls one or more of composition profiles, composition ratio profiles and temperature profiles in one or more of the axial direction and one or two transverse directions, reduces temperature gradients and improves power, efficiency and emissions.

Abstract: A Brayton cycle internal combustion engine of the open, or constant pressure type, in which rotary power is produced by the pressure of hot gasses against confined, rotor protrusions.

Abstract: A steam injection gas turbine engine having a once-through steam generator (OTSG). A condenser is provided downstream of the OTSG to capture water and is protected from hot flue gasses during startup by a bypass circuit. Optionally, heating the exhaust downstream of the condenser using coolant taken from an intercooler provides plume suppression.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which the power output is controlled by modulating at least one of the compression ratio, expansion ratio, ratio of expansion rate to compression rate, air to fuel ratio, and steam to air ratio. Continuous isobaric catalytic combustion followed by isothermal expansion and the use of separate compressor and expander devices are used. Control dynamically maximizes fuel efficiency for the given power demand conditions. Power output is controlled by modulating flame temperature and/or pressure instead of by throttling. Lean combustion, high compression ratio, exhaust heat recuperation, and high power density and fuel economy are provided. External cooling is minimized or eliminated. Insulation of the engine effectively reduces energy losses to friction. Interchangeable use of gasoline, hydrogen and ammonia at high fuel efficiency is made possible for transitional periods of fuel availabilities. An injector suitable for isothermal expansion is provided.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed that enable an automatic regulation of a vanadium inhibitor in a fuel of a gas turbine. In one embodiment, the method includes obtaining an indication as to whether an additional inhibitor is required in the fuel of the gas turbine based on an amount of vanadium and an inhibitor in the fuel of the gas turbine, in response to the indication that the additional inhibitor is required, having an inhibitor control system automatically instructing an injector to inject the additional inhibitor into the fuel of the gas turbine to inhibit the vanadium.

Abstract: A method and system for gas turbine emissions management through delivery of a diluent fluid stream (steam, CO2, N2 etc) into a gas turbine combustion system while the gas turbine is operating on a conventional fuel such as light distillate oil or natural gas. The diluent injection system delivers required diluent-to-fuel ratios over the emissions compliance operating range of the gas turbine. The method for diluent injection is coupling the injection system to a gas turbine compressor discharge purge system, such that the diluent fluid is mixed with compressor discharge air. The mixed compressor discharge purge air and diluent stream are injected into the gas turbine combustor through a non-fueled combustion fuel nozzle passage to achieve emissions guarantee compliance.

Abstract: A water injection system positioned about a combustor of a gas turbine engine. The water injection system may include a water manifold and a pressure relief system in communication with the water manifold. The pressure relief system may include a relief vent positioned on a pressure relief line.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas turbine combustion chamber with a combustion chamber wall 1, with at least part of the combustion chamber wall 1 being provided with a liquid-cooling system.

Abstract: A method and system for modulating the Modified Wobbe Index (MWI) of a fuel is provided. A variety of industrial components, which may require a gas fuel, such as but not limiting of, a heavy-duty gas turbine; an aero-derivative gas turbine; or a boiler may utilize the method and system. The method and system may provide an industrial component comprising at least one steam injection system, wherein the at least one steam injection system injects steam into at least one fuel supply line upstream of a combustion system to modulate the MWI of at least one fuel. The method and system may also determine whether the MWI of the at least one fuel is outside of a predetermined range; and utilize the at least one steam injection system to automatically inject the steam at a flowrate for adjusting the MWI of the at least one fuel.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine steam injector includes an annular steam injection manifold aftwardly bounded by an aft manifold wall having steam injection holes disposed therethrough and located axially aft and radially inwardly of a diffuser outlet. An outer baffle wall around manifold has a curved convex surface which may generally conform to a streamline emanating from outlet. Holes may be circumferentially evenly distributed and non-uniformally sized around the aft manifold wall. Hollow struts extend between radially outer and inner bands of a diffuser and a steam supply header in steam supply communication with a fluid passage of at least one of the struts having a passage outlet open to steam cavity within cavity casing located inwardly of inner band. Openings are disposed in an aft cavity wall between cavity and the injector. Passages may be in only a non-uniformally distributed portion of the struts that may be adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A low emission and environmentally friendly apparatus and method is used to generate a high pressure stream of thermal vapor. The thermal vapor stream may be injected into a subterranean formation for recovery of highly viscous petroleum or used to turn a steam turbine for driving an electrical generator. In one implementation, the high pressure stream of thermal vapor is generated by burning a high temperature fuel, including any short or long chain hydrocarbon products from methane to coal, in an enclosed vessel to produce combustion gases. Various techniques may be used to improve heat distribution and lower the temperature of the combustion gases. Water may be used to quench the combustion gases and produce the superheated steam or vapor. The water may be introduced onto the combustion gases by spraying, weeping, dripping, and the like.

Abstract: The device of the present invention belongs to the field of the steam generators devices. Specifically, the device described herein is based constructively in a rocket-type engine for generates instantaneously a vitiated steam, which is a mix of water steam with combustion gases. The device described herein is a modular device whose each module may be changed in case of break or clogging. The device of this invention provides energy for the operation of different steam equipment, such as turbines, engines, locomotives, among other possible, as well as the combination of them. The device of this invention may also be attached in petroleum wells, making feasible the extraction of petroleum from the mature wells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fuel system for an engine including a water supply source for providing water and a fuel supply source for providing fuel. A centrifugal pump is fluidly connected to the water and fuel supply sources, respectively at water and fuel inputs. The pump receives the water and the fuel from the inputs and produces a homogeneous mixture without using other pumps or mixing devices. A metering device is arranged between the pump and one of the supply sources, preferably the water supply source, to produce the desired ratio of water and fuel. The speed of the pump is varied to deliver the desired total volume and pressure of fuel and water to the engine through the pump output. The water metering device may be closed to deliver only fuel to the engine during special conditions such as engine startup and rapid load dumps. Operation of the system is simplified because only one pump and metering device is used.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for delivering an additive to a turbine combustor. In one embodiment, a water injection system directs water through a water passage to a turbine combustor at a flow rate that is variable to achieve a first control function. An additive delivery system directs an amount of an additive through the water passage to the combustor to achieve a second control function. The amount of the additive is variable based on the flow rate of the water, and the first and second control functions are different from one another.

Abstract: Clean combustion and equilibration equipment and methods are provided to progressively deliver, combust and equilibrate mixtures of fuel, oxidant and aqueous diluent in a plurality of combustion regions and in one or more equilibration regions to further progress oxidation of products of incomplete combustion, in a manner that sustains combustion while controlling temperatures and residence times sufficiently to reduce CO and NOx emissions to below 25 ppmvd, and preferably to below 3 ppmvd at 15% O2.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for improving aerdynamic stability of a working fluid flow through a compressor of a turbomachine, in particular through a compressor of gas turbine used for power production, particularly against rapidly changing aero speed of the compressor. The method comprises to introduce a first water mass flow to the working fluid flow of the compressor. Furthermore, the disclosure relates to a turbomachine, in particular a gas turbine, which can be driven according to the above method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for cooling a combustion gas charge prior. The combustion gas charge may include compressed intake air, exhaust gas, or a mixture thereof. An evaporator is provided that may then receive a relatively high temperature combustion gas charge and discharge at a relatively lower temperature. The evaporator may be configured to operate with refrigeration cycle components and/or to receive a fluid below atmospheric pressure as the phase-change cooling medium.

Abstract: A method facilitates operating a gas turbine engine. The method comprises supplying steam to a nozzle, supplying primary fuel to the nozzle, discharging the steam into a combustor from a plurality of circumferentially-spaced steam outlets defined in a tip of the nozzle, and discharging the primary fuel into the combustor from at least one outlet that is spaced circumferentially between the steam outlets.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide (152) is removed following compressor (130) which compresses a mixture of compressed air (132) and recirculated exhaust gas (118?) from a gas turbine (120). The carbon dioxide depleted gas (136) is humidified (180, 114) and fed to the combustor (110).

Abstract: A gas turbine, in which compressed air that is compressed by a compressor (11) is mixed with fuel in a combustor (12), the mixture is burned to produce combustion gas, and the combustion gas is provided to a turbine (13) to produce rotative power, includes: a pressurizing unit (41) that pressurizes some of the compressed air that is compressed by the compressor (11); a combustor cooling unit (42) that cools the combustor (12) with the compressed air that is pressurized by the pressurizing unit (41); and a compressed air circulation line (46) that provides the compressed air to the casing of the combustor (12). In the gas turbine, the combustor can be cooled by minimizing pressure loss of the compressed air, and degradation of the power efficiency can be prevented.

Abstract: A boiler for generating steam has a substantially enclosed housing configured to contain an amount of water to be boiled, the housing having one or more thermally conductive sidewalls which form a substantially enclosed water chamber and a reflection chamber, the reflection chamber including a closed top portion and a opening through which light rays may pass, the opening being vertically disposed below the top portion of the chamber so that the reflection chamber may trap heat, wherein at least one of the thermally conductive sidewalls is disposed so as to divide the water chamber from the reflection chamber. The boiler also include a support structure attached to or integral with the housing, which support structure supports the housing in a substantially fixed position during use of the boiler, and reflecting means for reflecting sunlight through the opening of the reflection chamber and onto a focal point on one or more inner surfaces of the top portion of the reflection chamber.

Abstract: A thermally diluted exothermic reactor system is comprised of numerous orifices distributed within a combustor by distributed perforated contactor tubes or ducts. The perforated contactors deliver and mix diluent fluid and one or more reactant fluids with an oxidant fluid. Numerous micro-jets about the perforated tubes deliver, mix and control the composition of reactant fluid, oxidant fluid and diluent fluid. The reactor controls one or more of composition profiles, composition ratio profiles and temperature profiles in one or more of the axial direction and one or two transverse directions, reduces temperature gradients and improves power, efficiency and emissions.

Abstract: Methods and systems for a dry low NOx gas turbine engine system include a gas turbine engine including at least one dry low NOx combustor. The combustor includes a plurality of injection points wherein at least some of the injection points are configured to inject a fuel into the combustor at a plurality of different locations. The system includes a water source coupled to the combustor and operable to inject water into others of the plurality of injection points. The system also includes a control system that includes a sensor configured to measure an exhaust gas concentration of the turbine, a processor programmed to receive a signal indicative of the turbine exhaust gas concentration, and to automatically control the water injection using the received exhaust gas concentration signal. Such systems in use together can mitigate visible emissions from the exhaust stack.

Abstract: A method for operating a gas turbine engine including a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine, coupled together in serial flow arrangement, and a fuel heating system including a heat exchanger and an economizer. The method includes channeling fuel through the heat exchanger, channeling a working fluid through the heat exchanger to facilitate regulating the operating temperature of the fuel and the operating temperature of the working fluid, and channeling the fuel and the working fluid into the gas turbine engine combustor to facilitate increasing a fuel efficiency of the gas turbine engine.

Abstract: An inlet bleed heat and power augmentation system utilizing a bi-directional and common piping arrangement is disclosed. The piping arrangement includes a plurality of feed tubes arranged to communicate either steam to a compressor discharge plenum or compressed air from the compressor discharge plenum. Various embodiments of the invention are discussed including operation methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inventive steam power plant comprising at least one steam turbine and a steam generator. According to the invention, a firing device is located downstream of the steam generator and upstream of the steam turbine and/or downstream of a first turbine phase and upstream of a second turbine phase of the stream turbine in the direction of the stream flow and the steam flow can be heated in a combustion chamber of the firing device by being mixed with a heating gas that can be generated in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A power generating system is described which operates at high pressure and utilizes a working fluid consisting of a mixture of compressed non-flammable air components, fuel combustion products and steam. The working fluid exiting the power generating system is substantially free of NOx and CO. Working fluid is provided at constant pressure and temperature. Combustion air is supplied by one or more stages of compression. Fuel is injected at pressure as needed. At least about 40% of the oxygen in the compressed air is consumed when the fuel is burned. Inert liquid is injected at high pressure to produce working an inert mass of high specific heat diluent vapor for use for internal cooling of the combustion chamber. The use of non-flammable liquid injection inhibits the formation of pollutants, increases the efficiency and available horsepower from the system, and reduces specific fuel consumption.