Abstract: A fuel injector is cooled by steam during operation of a combustor. The injector includes a conduit for channeling fuel into the combustor, and a jacket covering the conduit through which steam is channeled for cooling the injector. The steam may be mixed with the fuel, or kept apart from the fuel in the injector by flowing through passageways in the jacket. Cooling can be further improved by expanding the steam through an orifice prior to entry into the injector.

Abstract: A combined cycle power plant having a gas turbine plant and a steam turbine plant combined together is disclosed. Steam is used for cooling a high-temperature portion (5) to be cooled around the combustor (4) of the gas turbine (2). The power plant has an air duct (9), connected to a steam path (7) for supplying steam for cooling the high-temperature portion (5), for cooling this portion using air if the steam for cooling is insufficient, typically when the plant is activated or stopped, and the air duct includes a device for boosting the air to have a pressure higher than that inside a combustor (4) of the power plant. Accordingly, the combustor and attached piping arrangement can be protected from burning and the power plant can be safely and reliably operated for a long time.

Abstract: A combustor of a gas turbine includes a combustion tube acting as a combustion chamber. In the combustion tube, a cylindrical heat insulating member is disposed and forms a wall of the combustion chamber. Numerous cooling air passages are formed in the heat insulating member and extending in the axial direction between cooling air inlet disposed at one end of the heat insulating member and cooling air outlet disposed at the other end of the heat insulating member. The heat insulating member is attached to the inner surface of the combustion tube at its cooling air inlet side end and a seal ring is disposed around the outer circumference of the heat insulating member at a portion between the cooling air inlet side end and the cooling air outlet side end. The seal ring is made of heat resistant material and prevents cooling air flowing through the annular space between the inner surface of the combustion tube and the outer surface of the heat insulating member.

Abstract: A cooling system for a combustion turbine transition section. The combustion turbine includes a compressor assembly with a compressed air bleed line, a combustor assembly, a transition section with integral cooling channels, a turbine assembly with integral cooling channels. The compressor assembly is coupled to the combustor assembly, the combustor assembly is further coupled to the transition section, the transition section is further coupled to the turbine assembly. The compressor assembly, combustor assembly, transition section, and turbine assembly form a flow path. The cooling device includes a compressed air steam generator, a feed water source coupled to, and providing water to, the compressed air steam generator, a steam pipe coupled to the transition section cooling channels and the compressed air steam generator. The compressed air bleed line passes through the compressed air steam generator. In operation, the compressor compresses the ambient air thereby raising the ambient air temperature.

Abstract: Power generation equipment (10) comprises a compressor (11,12) into which finely dispersed water is directed. Air compressed by the compressor (11,12) is directed into combustion equipment (13) where it is mixed with steam and fuel before combustion takes place. The resultant combustion products pass through two turbines (14,15), the second of which (15) is a power turbine. The exhaust efflux from the power turbine (15) is then cooled to such an extent that its pressure falls to below atmospheric pressure. The carbon dioxide is removed from the efflux by means of a sequestration membrane (33) before the pressure of the efflux is raised to above atmospheric pressure by a further compressor (16) driven by the power turbine (15). The equipment (10) is very efficient and produces low levels of pollution.

Abstract: A combined cycle power plant having a gas turbine plant and a steam turbine plant combined together is disclosed. Steam is used for cooling a high-temperature portion (5) to be cooled around the combustor (4) of the gas turbine (2). The power plant has an air duct (9), connected to a steam path (7) for supplying steam for cooling the high-temperature portion (5), for cooling this portion using air if the steam for cooling is insufficient, typically when the plant is activated or stopped, and the air duct includes a device for boosting the air to have a pressure higher than that inside a combustor (4) of the power plant. Accordingly, the combustor and attached piping arrangement can be protected from burning and the power plant can be safely and reliably operated for a long time.

Abstract: An arrangement for the selective introduction of fuel and/or water into a combustion chamber, in particular the combustion chamber of a gas turbine, comprises valve means, by which a fuel feed line (18) for the fuel and a water feed line (19) for the water can be selectively connected to a common combustion-chamber feed line (17) leading to the combustion chamber, or the fuel feed line (18) and the water feed line (19) can be connected to one another for flushing the feed-line system, or the fuel feed line (18) and the water feed line (19) can be shut off individually.

Abstract: A power generating system is described which operates at high pressure and utilizes a working fluid consisting of a mixture of compressed non-flammable air components, fuel combustion products and steam. The working fluid exiting the power generating system is substantially free of NOx and CO. Working fluid is provided at constant pressure and temperature. Combustion air is supplied by one or more stages of compression. Fuel is injected at pressure as needed. At least about 40% of the oxygen in the compressed air is consumed when the fuel is burned. Inert liquid is injected at high pressure to produce working an inert mass of high specific heat diluent vapor for use for internal cooling of the combustion chamber. The use of non-flammable liquid injection inhibits the formation of pollutants, increases the efficiency and available horsepower from the system, and reduces specific fuel consumption.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus for a gas turbine engine including a combustor structure having at least one combustion chamber, a dual cone fuel nozzle for injecting both fuel and water to the combustion chamber, and a swirl cup package upstream of and adjacent to the combustion chamber. The swirl cup package further includes a swirler and a venturi extending between the nozzle and the combustion chamber for mixing the fuel and water with air. The venturi is configured to have a non-uniform thickness from an upstream end to a downstream end resulting in a cross-sectional area which provides a heat transfer conduction path that reduces axial stresses imposed on the venturi when water impinges on an upstream portion of the venturi.

Abstract: The energy generating installation comprises a gas turbine (10) which is operated by steam injected via a steam line (16). The outlet (18) of the gas turbine (10) is connected with the heat exchanger (21) of a waste heat boiler (19). The waste heat boiler (19) contains a steam drum (22) connected to a preheater (24) and a steam generator (23) of the heat exchanger (21). According to the invention a solar steam generator (36) is connected to the steam drum (22) in a second circuit (39). The steam produced by the solar steam generator (36) is heated in a superheater (22) and then used for steam injection purposes. The energy generating installation offers high flexibility at high efficiency despite the unreliable availability of solar energy.

Abstract: A nozzle configuration and control methodology adapted to provide a compact means for configuring and operating an industrial gas turbine on either gaseous or liquid fuel while utilizing fuel staging to achieve very low emissions. More specifically, the outer fuel nozzles are used for delivery of a portion of the premix gaseous fuel and all liquid fuel, but not diffusion gaseous fuel. Water injection for emissions control on liquid fuel and atomizing air for the liquid fuel are also supplied entirely by the outer fuel nozzles. The central fuel nozzle is thus used for the supply of both premix gaseous fuel and all diffusion gaseous fuel. The disclosed configuration reduces the number of required fluid passages thus simplifying the endcover structure while enabling fuel staging to achieve very low emissions on gaseous fuel.

Abstract: High-temperature and high-pressure water, preferably at or above supercritical conditions for water, is injected into a high-temperature flame of a fuel combustor such as a coal-fired furnace, or boiler, or a turbine, internal combustion engine, rocket or the like. The process enhances efficiency of the combustion process, and, when used with fuels such as coal, renders ash, particularly fly ash, cementitious, so that it can be used as a substitute for conventional cement, reduces the carbon content of the ash, so that it can be used as a cement additive, and reduces carbon dioxide emissions into the environment.

Abstract: In a method for operating a gas turbogenerator set, an exhaust gas stream (13) from the last turbine (5) is divided at least into two part streams (14, 15) routed in parallel. The first part stream (14) flows through a recuperator (26), and the second part stream (15) flows through a steam generator (27). The steam quantity (16) obtained from the steam generator (27) is introduced at a suitable point into combustion air (2, 27) used for operating a combustion chamber (2) belonging to the gas turbogenerator set. The exhaust gases from the turbine are consequently optimally cooled to good effect, this resulting in maximized efficiency.