Abstract: A bearing system for a turbocharger shaft includes an elongated bearing carrier with two anti-friction ball bearings mounted in its ends and with a radially extending flange at one end that cooperates with stationary housing portions and carries thrust loads of the rotor in both directions. The elongated bearing carrier is supported within the housing by axially spaced elastic supports which permit the rotating assembly to rotate about its mass center and provide a shock and vibration cushion. The elongated bearing carrier and housing cooperate to provide a coolant cavity which communicates with the outside periphery of the elongated bearing carrier between the axially spaced elastic supports, which also act as coolant seals between the elongated bearing cavity and the bearing housing. The coolant cavity protects the bearing system and anti-friction ball bearings from heat conducted from the exhaust gas-driven turbine and also cools the housing.

Abstract: An inflatable structure includes a plurality of inflation cells each have a respective internal gas generator connected to an external control processor for sequential inflation of the inflatable structure. Power and control lines feed through the inflation cells for powering the internal gas generator and for communicating control signals between the gas generators and the external control processor. A method of sequence inflation can use various types of exemplar gas generators, such as cellular containment evaporation gas generators and laser ablation gas generators.

Abstract: Flow way structure of pneumatic tool, including: a main body; a connector rotatably disposed on the main body; an air inlet, a water inlet and at least one air outlet concentrically arranged on the connector, inner end of each air outlet communicating with an air chamber of the main body; an air inlet switch and a water inlet switch mounted in the main body for controlling the flow of the fluid; an air way for conducting the air into the main body and communicating with a pneumatic cylinder disposed in the main body; and a water way for conducting the water into the main body. Two ends of the air way and water way are concentrically respectively connected with the air inlet and water inlet. When the connector rotates on the main body, the air inlet and the water inlet respectively still keep communicating with the air way and water way. In use, the air and water are respectively conducted from the air way and water way into the main body.

Abstract: A method of ejecting or jettisoning stores from an aircraft is disclosed that pertains essentially to the over-pressurizing of an on-board gas storage system such that the pressure of the gas stored therein remains at or above the proper pneumatic actuation pressure during all foreseeable temperature ranges. When a control signal to release a store is provided, the pressure of the gas is reduced to be within the desired pneumatic actuation pressure and the gas is then used to release the store. The present invention eliminates many of the concerns associated with prior art ejection systems by providing a method of supplying proper pneumatic actuating pressures during store release without the need for on-board compressors or heating elements.

Abstract: Muffling structure for pneumatic tool, which is mounted at an opening of an exhaust end of gas exhaust passage of the pneumatic tool. The muffling structure includes a cock body having a body section. One end face of the body section is recessed to form a receptacle communicating with the gas exhaust passage of the pneumatic tool. At least one through hole is formed through a close end of the receptacle to the other end face of the body section to communicate the receptacle with outer side of the pneumatic tool. The muffling structure further includes at least one muffling fiber body plugged in the receptacle. The muffling fiber body is formed with multiple fine voids for the gas to pass through the muffling fiber body.

Abstract: Muffling structure for pneumatic tool, which is mounted at an opening of an exhaust end of gas exhaust passage of the pneumatic tool. The muffling structure includes a cock body having a body section. One end face of the body section is recessed to form a receptacle communicating with the gas exhaust passage of the pneumatic tool. At least one through hole is formed through a close end of the receptacle to the other end face of the body section to communicate the receptacle with outer side of the pneumatic tool. The muffling structure further includes at least one muffling fiber body plugged in the receptacle. The muffling fiber body is formed with multiple fine voids for the gas to pass through the muffling fiber body.

Abstract: A new and improved air powered vehicle and power plant therefore which include an engine having an engine block and at least one cylinder therein. A piston is mounted for reciprocation within the cylinder and the cylinder is provided with an air inlet valve, and exhaust valve and an intake valve. The piston within the cylinder is connected to a crank shaft. The valves are also operatively connected to the crank shaft whereupon the valves are opened and closed in sequence as the crank shaft rotates whereby time blasts of air may be introduced into the cylinder through said air intake valve and air may be exhausted through the exhaust valve to rotate the crank shaft.

Abstract: An engine type apparatus converts the energy released by the internal combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel directly into high pressure. A power cylinder is physically located opposite one of a gas or liquid work cylinder. The power piston is coupled directly to either the gas/liquid work piston. Gas/liquid, under low pressure, enters the work cylinder to cause the coupled pistons to move and generate the compression stroke. The ignition of compressed fuel and air forces the coupled pistons in the opposite direction and the trapped gas/liquid travels through a one-way valve into one or more high-pressure accumulator(s). The pressure of the gas/liquid drives a pneumatic/hydraulic motor to accomplish work. The process is controlled by load requirements to create an “energy on demand” system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a seat belt system comprising: a moving element (36) rotatably received in a housing (26); a device (32) for applying a pressurized gas to the moving element (36) when abrupt deceleration occurs on a vehicle; a tensile member (40) responsive to movement of the moving element (36) extruded due to the pressurized gas to generate a rotational torque; and a clutch mechanism (44) for transmitting the rotational torque generated by the tensile member (40) to a retractor shaft (24) to rotate the shaft (24) in a webbing-winding direction.

Abstract: A 90° swivel connector capable of rotating 360° has threads on one end that screw into a threaded hole in a boss on a compressor portion of a turbocharger and has barbs on the other end of the swivel connector for receiving and retaining a hose. The 360° rotation enables alignment of the swivel connector with the hose to prevent kinking of the hose when the relative angular position of the connector and hose is varied to facilitate diverse engine usage.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in combination with a rotary positive displacement fluid machine. The combination having a rotor eccentrically mounted in a casing with a plurality of vanes defining compartments within the casing which vary in volume as the rotor rotates. Each vane is connected to a linkage to cause the vane, during rotation of the rotor, to pivot radially outwardly such that the outermost extremity of each vane is constrained to follow closely the internal wall of the casing. The linkage being constrained to follow at least one track in a member rotatable upon the same axis as the casing. The machine being connected to an air inlet manifold of the engine, and to atmosphere, such that the rotor is driven by the pressure difference between ambient air and air at the inlet manifold. The machine also is operatively connected to an energy using device.

Abstract: A high efficiency not polluting engine comprises at least a cylinder and at least a piston movable therein, the cylinder including, alternately, a pre-chamber in the cylinder head and/or a chamber for a direct injection mode of operation, the pre-chamber forming a plenum chamber having a size proportional to the swept volume of the engine and to the power to be obtained, the pre-chamber of the chamber being continuously supplied from the outside by pressurized air at a variable pressure controlled by at least two adjustment controls.

Abstract: It is proposed that a pneumatic suspension leveling system for vehicles with pneumatic suspension leveling elements assigned to the vehicle axles and/or vehicle wheels, with a compressor and a central pressure accumulator fed by it for the compressed air supply of the pneumatic suspension leveling elements, with an accumulator pressure sensor which detects the air pressure in the central pressure accumulator and generates a signal value correlating thereto, and with an electronic control device which processes the signal values of the central pressure accumulator and induces a pressure charging of the central pressure accumulator by the compressor, when the signal value of the accumulator pressure sensor reaches a predetermined lower threshold signal value and terminates this pressure charging when the signal value of the accumulator pressure sensor reaches a preset upper threshold signal value be improved with respect to its functional capacity.

Abstract: An improved paint ball gun and improved rotary breech, regulator, control valve, power piston and power valve assemblies for utilization in paint ball guns or related devices. The paint ball gun eliminates moving metal to metal surfaces to provide a consistent operation and easy regulation. The paint ball gun has a rotary breech to minimize damage to paint balls utilized in the paint ball guns.

Abstract: A rotary machine has a rotor eccentrically mounted in a casing and having a plurality of vanes connected to oscillating arms via cranks, the cranks having elements pivotally embracing a radial outer end of the arms. The arms can be radial. The rotor has outer axial parts connected to an intermediate part by grooves and rings resisting radial expansion. The rotary machine can be used in a fuel-injected engine for example to derive energy from the difference in air pressure between ambient and the inlet manifold.

Abstract: A rear exhaust device for pneumatic tool, of which the prime feature is that the pneumatic tool has a handle furnished with a control valve; the control valve is mounted in an intake passage of the handle; a threaded sleeve on outer end of the intake passage is connected with an intake connector of an intake pipe; inner end of the intake pipe has a round conduit to be plugged into a cylindrical hole at one end of an intake passage of the dynamic body portion; between the round conduit on inner end of the intake passage in the handle and the outer body portion, an inner exhaust passage is furnished; a compressed air will flow through passages on both sides of a valve seat, an outer exhaust passage, a pressure-shunting ring, and an outer pipe so as to divide the pressure and to provide good intake and exhaust passages to drive the blades and rotor to rotate.

Abstract: A tube-line pressure sensor of a medical-appliance driving apparatus detects the interior pressure of a tube line. If the pressure detected by a tube-line pressure sensor is equal to or less than a predetermined value, a first solenoid valve is closed, while a second solenoid valve is opened, whereby a gas is supplied from a secondary gas tank to the tube line. The amount of gas supplied to the tube line is calculated based on a pressure change in the tank detected by a tank pressure sensor. In actual use, natural gas leakage during normal operation can be clearly distinguished from abnormal gas leakage due to an accident. The interior pressure of the tube line is detected at a time when the balloon is about to inflate from the deflated state, and a gas supply system supplies the driving gas to the tube line so that the detected pressure becomes a preset pressure value. A controller can change the preset pressure value.

Abstract: A fluid engine for use in pneumatically operated toys such as wheeled vehicles or airplanes includes an engine having a fluid input cavity which is in continuous fluid communication with a source of compressed air, a fluid delivery cavity which is in continuous communication with a piston cavity bounded by a moveable piston mounted in a cylinder member and which is separated from the fluid input cavity by a wall having a valve opening, and exhaust apertures which are separated from the fluid delivery cavity. A valve rod is movably housed to open the valve opening and close the exhaust apertures during the piston's power stroke, and to close the valve opening and open the exhaust opening during the piston's exhaust stroke. The valve rod is operatively connected to a piston to act in synchronism with it by the use of a cam integrally secured to a propeller power shaft.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is disclosed that runs efficiently on compressed air supplied by air compressors. The preferred power plant for the instant invention air powered engine is the Wankel-type rotary engine. The air compressors which supply the air "fuel" to the engine chamber where the air is re-compressed to provide the force for "pushing" the rotors within the chamber which rotational movement provides the power to turn the drive shaft. These air compressors may be electrically and/or mechanically driven.

Abstract: Control apparatus and method for applying power to a linear actuator (A) utilizes an air cylinder (B) and a self-locking drive (C) rotated by an electric motor (D) for affording positioning and velocity control for the air operated cylinder and the guided linear actuator which stops and is positively positioned upon cessation of rotation of the drive by the electric motor.

Abstract: A pneumatic tool of the front exhaust type is composed of a main body, a rotary end member, a connection member, three leakproof rings, a noise reducing plate, and a flow adjusting set. The main body has a tubular extension portion. The rotary end member has a body provided with a first hole and a second hole. The first hole has a hole diameter greater than the outer diameter of the tubular extension portion, and a length equal to the length of the tubular extension portion. The second hole is in communication with the first hole and is greater in hole diameter than the first hole. The connection member is received in the tubular extension portion via the second hole. The connection member has a threaded portion provided with at least one leakproof ring so as to enable the connection member to be fastened pivotally with the rotary end member when the connection member is fastened with the tubular extension portion.

Abstract: An on-board storable system for repairing a flat tire on an automobile comprising a utensil adapted to endow a power impact wrench to actuate a scissors jack. Such system preferably includes an air compressor for inflation of a replacement tire after mounting the wheel bearing the replacement tire has been secured to the hub with the impact wrench. An alternative system utilizing the utensil and a power impact wrench comprises an air reservoir; compressor; electro-mechanical means for driving the compressor; a pneumatic distribution system; the pneumatic distribution system conveying air from said reservoir to an air distribution post for each wheel of the automobile; and tubular means for conveying air from said posts to a tire proximate each said post. The electro-mechanical power transmission means being selected from the group comprising an engine driven belt powered pulley; an auxiliary battery and associated electric motor; and an electric motor driven by the automobile electric system.

Abstract: An electrical energy generator for converting potential energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy generator includes a water tank filled to a predetermined level with a predetermined amount of water. A circulation tube having a top and bottom end which are both connected to the water tank. A first pump is connected to the circulation tube for drawing water from the water tank for circulating through the circulation tube and back to the water tank and a second pump for delivering air to the circulation tube for mixing with the water and delivery to and compression in the water tank. An air engine is connected to receive the compressed air within the water tank and expand the compressed air to release energy contained therein. An electrical generator is connected to the air engine and receives the energy released from the compressed air for generating electricity by conversion of the energy released from the air.

Abstract: A process for transmitting or storing energy in which a gasseous working fluid is compressed and cooled, relative to isentropic compression, by a coolant. The energy used to perform the compression is recovered by expansion, while heat from the coolant is used to reheat the working fluid, thus maximizing efficiency.

Abstract: A pneumatic actuating arrangement with a plurality of consumers (1) having working areas (7,8), a plurality of feed air/signal distributors (13) connected to a common pressure source and a common control unit (19), a plurality of electrically-actuated switching devices respectively arranged directly at the consumers (1) forming separate consumer units (9), and a combination line (12) extending between each consumer unit (9) and a feed air/signal distributor (13), each combination line including a supply pressure line for supplying air to the working areas of a respective consumer and electrical signal lines for connecting the electrically-actuated switching devices of a respective consumer unit to said common control unit.

Abstract: A gas compressor is provided comprising a chamber (9) to contain gas to be compressed, a piston (12) and the chamber (9) and an apparatus to drive the piston into the chamber (9) to compress the gas. The compressor also comprises another apparatus (5) to form a spray of liquid in the chamber (9) to cool the gas on compression therein, so that the gas may be compressed approximately isothermally. Valve (17) are provided to allow compressed gas to be drawn from the chamber. The apparatus to drive the piston (12) comprises another apparatus to deliver driving energy stored in the fluid directly to the piston. In one embodiment, the driving energy is provided by a combustible fuel. The heat of compression is rejected at the lowest temperatures and the hot exhaust gas from the combustion process may be used to preheat the isothermally compressed gas.

Abstract: This invention provides for reliable, long-life operation of fluid pressure responsive engines directly from raw natural gas at the wellhead by introducing a novel rotary dynamic contaminant filter system especially adapted for removing liquid and abrasive particle contaminants from the flow of natural gas under high pressure from the wellhead. Thus, a novel turbine type gas driven rotor in the gas flow stream has rotor blades slanted at an angle to the rotation axis to serve as a ramp for removal of contaminants as the flow of gas spirals upwardly from input to output ports. This dynamic filter employs the combined forces of gravity, centrifugal force and those imposed by interception with a contaminant flow ramp to encounter and remove a wide range of microscopic contaminants from the high pressure wellhead natural gas.

Abstract: An air turbine flow restrictor comprises a sensor for determining the rotational velocity of the turbine wheel. In response to a detected speed above a predetermined threshold, particles are injected into the inlet airstream. In one embodiment of the invention, the particles are metal disks. The disks, carried by the airstream become lodged in the nozzles of the air turbine, thereby restricting the flow of air to the turbine wheel.

Abstract: A defined exhuast restriction in the form of an orifice or variable valve is provided to back-pressure the pulsating exhaust of an air motor or the like to reduce the formation of ice in the exhaust system.

Abstract: An exhaust collector for a pneumatic tool having a cylindrical body with a rotary driver at one end, an inlet port and an exhaust port for motive fluid at the other end, and a switch on the side of the cylindrical body which actuates a valve to turn the pneumatic tool on and off. The exhaust collector includes a tubular adapter on the cylindrical body defining an extension of the inlet port, a cup-shaped shroud clamped to the cylindrical body and cooperating therewith in defining a closed exhaust plenum around the tubular adapter, a first quick-connect fluid coupling on the shroud in flow communication with the tubular adapter for coupling to the inlet port a hose connected to a source of motive fluid, and a second quick-connect fluid coupling on the shroud in flow communication with the exhaust plenum for coupling to the exhaust plenum a hose connected to a remote exhaust diffuser.

Abstract: A vehicle height control system for controlling vehicle suspension includes an air suspension unit and a compressor for producing compressed air to be supplied to the air suspension unit. An air drying chamber is provided between the compressor and the air suspension unit for drying the compressed air supplied from the compressor to the air suspension unit. An air drying filter is positioned in the air drying chamber for removing water and moisture from the compressed air produced by the compressor and to be supplied to the pneumatic actuator, the air drying filter being a non-woven cloth made of fibers including fibers having water and moisture absorbing performance.

Abstract: The fluid power cylinder possesses a housing, wherein a piston space is defined to accommodate a piston. In or on the housing a pressurized fluid receiver is arranged which possesses at least one receiver chamber connected with the piston space and which is supplied from a pressurized fluid source. Such a fluid power cylinder is characterized by reliable operation and good response behavior if it is run at a considerable distance from the pressurized fluid source.

Abstract: A pneumatic tool includes a body having a pressure accumulation chamber formed therein for accumulating compressed air. A cap are mounted on the body and has a cap chamber formed therein for communication with the pressure accumulation chamber. The cap has a joint for connection with an air hose from a compressed air source. A gasket is interposed between the pressure accumulation chamber and the cap chamber from each other. The gasket itself forms a valve for preventing a counterflow of the air from the pressure accumulation chamber to the cap chamber, so that exhaust sounds of the air is prevented from being produced when the air hose is disconnected from the joint.

Abstract: A gas operated release or ejection system which compensates for changes in pressure applied to a load being ejected. The pressure regulator compensates for decreases in pressure through a pressure regulating valve, and compensates for increases in pressure through a pressure relief valve.

Abstract: Method and system unloads dry bulk materials from a tank hopper supported on a trailer, the trailer being connected to a tractor. A material conveying conduit is adapted for receiving material from the hopper. A blower is provided for supplying pressurized air to the hopper and to the conduit so that a pressure differential is created between the hopper and the conduit to thereby induce the flow of the materials from the hopper to the conduit. The pressurized air is cooled via a radiator which transfers heat from the pressurized air to ambient air. Ambient air is caused to flow across the radiator by a fan that is pneumatically driven by an air brake system located on the tractor.

Abstract: A handle extension for an air powered tool. The extension has been designed for use with a nail gun, but the mechanism is suitable for any air powered hand tool. The device includes a jointed, tubular extension that is affixed to the tool. The device further includes a trigger mechanism that controls the operation of the tool, and a grip to allow the user to more easily support the weight of the tool.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) to convert a four-stroke internal combustion engine to a two-stroke pneumatically powered engine. An air compressor (60) is driven using the rotation of the crankshaft (22) and compressed air is delivered through a supply line (74) to at least one holding tank (68). A supply line (76) delivers compressed air from the tank (68) through a regulator (20), which controls the pressure and volume, to the pneumatic distributor (24). A plurality of high pressure hoses (50) finally communicates the compressed air to the cylinders (86) of the engine (12) via the spark plug orifices (18). The pneumatic distributor (24) has a rotor (42) which opens gate valves (44) to supply compressed air to the cylinders (86) wherein the pistons (88) are at top dead center, making every downstroke a power stroke. The modified dual-lobed camshaft (80) operates the exhaust valves (84) so that every upstroke of a piston (88) is an exhaust stroke and exhaust freely escapes through the exhaust manifold (90).

Abstract: A rotary actuator-operated pretensioner comprises a gas generator and a rotary actuator that is driven in rotation by pressurized gas supplied by the gas generator and drives a belt take-up reel. Annular flange portions extend from the cylinder side walls into the operating chamber, the flange portions being coaxial with the axis of rotation of the rotor, and the rotor is supported by the cylinder for rotation by reception of the flange portions within end portions of the rotor body. An elastomer seal member is mounted on the side of the rotor vane portion that faces the pressure section of the operating chamber. The seal member has lip portions along its edges that are urged by gas pressure in the pressure section against the side walls and peripheral wall of the cylinder.

Abstract: The tool includes a housing having two substantially semi-cylindrical members. An air motor in the housing has motor end members located adjacent each end thereof. Two O-rings, respectively disposed between the motor and the end members, are squeezable axially so as to be forced radially outwardly to abut the housing. A manifold includes a chamber of a size that dampens Helmholtz frequencies in the exhaust air. A bearing block includes an outer surface configured to transfer operating loads from a crank shaft extending through the bearing block to the housing. Each of the members of the housing has an arm with a cylindrical opening for receiving a rotatable drive body. The drive body has a knob including a shaft having an ear cooperating with an O-ring in the drive body for preventing the knob from inadvertently rotating between operating positions while the tool is in use. An O-ring between the knob and the drive body isolates the housing from shock to the knob resulting when the tool is dropped.

Abstract: A rescue tool as incorporated into a portable unit both the tool operating mechanism and the hydraulic power means necessary to provide a self-contained tool. An elongated tool body comprises the rescue tool mechanism and its associated hydraulic actuator unit, an air/oil intensifier pump for driving the hydraulic actuator unit, the control valves for the pump, and an air valve for actuating the hydraulic control valves to their control positions, whereby the only hose connection to the portable unit is a single air hose for supplying high pressure air.

Abstract: Controls for operating fluid pressure fueled reciprocating piston engines are simplified by passing fuel directly to a cylinder inlet port from a synchronously timed rotary distributor. This permits a snap acting diaphragm transfer valve normally opening the inlet fuel path to the cylinder to respond to a decrease in fuel pressure to quickly snap open an exhaust port and close the inlet port. Several embodiments include a battery operated fuel supply source, recycling of spent fuel, and auxiliary exhaust paths from bottom dead center cylinder positions, to increase efficiency, speed and reliability.

Abstract: A non-step transmission comprises a housing for storing hydraulic fluid therein, a driving shaft rotatably provided in the housing, a driven shaft rotatably provided in the housing in a coaxial position with the driving shaft, a first pump case rotatably provided about the driving shaft and having a fluid intake port and a fluid discharge port, a second pump case fixed on the housing, the second pump case encasing the driven shaft and having a fluid intake port and a fluid discharge port, an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the fluid intake port and the fluid discharge port, and gear pump mechanisms provided within the first and second pump cases, respectively. The simply constructed non-stage transmission can efficiently transmit a large torque from the driving shaft to the driven shaft.

Abstract: A pressurized-fluid-operated engine having a plurality of reciprocatable pistons carried within cylinders through connecting rods with an output shaft. The engine is adapted to operate on pressurized air or pressurized gases, without combustion, and it includes a recirculation device of the ejector type to provide recirculation of a part of the lower pressure exhaust gas and to permit mixing of the recirculated exhaust gas with incoming inlet gas. The device is particularly adapted for use where the source of compressed gas provides a very high pressure of gas, but a relatively low volume, and it permits the mixing of very high pressure inlet gas with lower pressure exhaust gas to provide an operating gas a sufficiently high level to provide a desired engine output.

Abstract: A vehicle drive system in which batteries provide power for driving an electric motor connected to a pump for either compressing air or pressurizing hydraulic fluid for loading a fluid cylinder that is operatively connected for reciprocatably driving a series of drive gears operably connected to and for providing rotation to a series of worm screw gears having an output shaft connected for driving the wheels of a vehicle. A kinetic energy recovery system in which a series of gravitational alternators are operably connected between the axle and chassis/frame of a vehicle for providing electricity during vehicular movement. Additional kinetic energy is recovered as steam is generated by deriving heat from the operative fluid cylinder to the screw engine and transmitting the heated fluid to a low pressure steam boiler for providing steam in operating a screw engine generator for generating electricity.

Abstract: An energy recovery system is disclosed for recovering energy of highly pressurized natural gas when it is depressurized prior to distribution. The system includes a processing vessel which defines a bounded volume. The vessel is partially filled with water. A shaft extends through an aperture formed in the processing vessel with the shaft reciprocally moveable through said aperture. A conduit connects the high pressure natural gas to a gas inlet disposed within the processing vessel. The inlet is disposed beneath the level of the water within the vessel. Gas flows from the inlet in a predetermined path toward the water level. An exhaust conduit connects an outlet of the processing vessel to an expansion tank. The outlet is disposed above the water level within the vessel. A lift chamber is connected to the shaft and has an opening disposed to admit gas flowing along the predetermined path. The chamber is sized for gas collected within the chamber to urge the shaft to move toward the water level.

Abstract: A fluid power system comprising a fluid pump and an impulse turbine operating in the incompressible domain wherein the pump is characterized by a pressure versus flow curve that is inversely interdependent and by a predetermined pump optimum flow area that is associated with maximum pump output power and the turbine includes an inlet flow path to the turbine rotor the effective area of which is substantially matched to the pump optimum flow area to constrain pump operation to the region of maximum output power.

Abstract: An engine of the reciprocating piston type is provided in which the motive power for power generating pistons is compressed air stored in compartments forming part of the engine which are replenished with compressed air by a piston operating in a cylinder which receives exhaust air from the power cylinders, supplemented by air provided by an externally powered compressor. There are two power pistons operating in unison between top and bottom dead center, but with their power and exhaust strokes alternating. Spent air is exhausted through timing valves to the replenishing cylinder and compressed with the supplemental air into a first chamber from which the compressed air flows through check valves to the compartments. Engine speed is controlled by a throttle valve regulating the flow of air from the first chamber to atmosphere.

Abstract: The servomotor is constructed with a cylinder and a surrounding pressure tank with a construction formed of a plurality of radial grooves through which air can be throttled during an emergency closing of a valve. The constriction is formed with a flow resistance equivalent to a free cross-sectional area of not more than 0.02D.sup.2 ; D being the inside diameter of the cylinder. The spherical pressure tank may be secured about a cup-shaped cylinder to form the pressurized chamber while radial grooves in a flange of the cylinder form a constriction with a cover secured to the cylinder and spherical tank.

Abstract: A cylinder driving apparatus, wherein a head chamber and a rod chamber of a cylinder for driving a load upwardly and downwardly are communicated with a pressure accumulation tank by way of a balance pipeway equipped with an electromagnetic proportional flow control valve and a recycling pipeway equipped with a pressure control valve mechanism, respectively, and the load is driven by feeding air at reduced pressure to the rod chamber or discharging it to the external atmosphere by way of the pressure control valve mechanism while applying air pressure into the head chamber of the cylinder against the load by way of the electromagnetic proportional flow control valve for adjusting the driving speed.

Abstract: A gas compressor is provided comprising a chamber (9) to contain gas to be compressed, a piston (12) and the chamber (9) and an apparatus to drive the piston into the chamber (9) to compress the gas. The compressor also comprises another apparatus (5) to form a spray of liquid in the chamber (9) to cool the gas on compression therein, so that the gas may be compressed approximately isothermally. Valve (17) are provided to allow compressed gas to be drawn from the chamber. The apparatus to drive the piston (12) comprises another apparatus to deliver driving energy stored in the fluid directly to the piston. In one embodiment, the driving energy is provided by a combustible fuel. The heat of compression is rejected at the lowest temperatures and the hot exhaust gas from the combustion process may be used to preheat the isothermally compressed gas.