Abstract: In an intake system for an internal combustion engine having a supercharger, there are provided a first air passage and a second air passage each for conducting air from the supercharger to the engine. An air cooler is disposed in the first air passage to supply the engine with cooled air, but the second air passage leads air directly from the supercharger to the engine without cooling the air. The air flow rates in the first and the second air passages are controlled by suitable control means to supply the engine with intake air of an appropriate temperature. The control means is intended to restrict the air flow in the first air passage at low engine load to prevent the intake air from being cooled excessively. Preferably the control means is a throttle valve device which comprises a primary throttle valve disposed in a primary throttle bore communicating with the second air passage, and a secondary throttle valve disposed in a secondary throttle bore communicating with the first air passage.

Abstract: An improved engine cooling system is combined with a jet-driven heat pump system for utilizing otherwise wasted heat from an engine to produce refrigeration and heating of cabin, charge air and other media without requiring additional shaft power from the engine. In a closed cycle, vaporized refrigerant fluid is conveyed via jet ejectors from the engine cooling jacket at a high pressure and temperature and from refrigerant evaporators at low pressures and temperatures to a radiator/condenser at an intermediate pressure and temperature. The greater portion of condensed refrigerant fluid is pumped back to the engine (boiler) and the balance is throttled into the evaporators (heat exchangers) to produce an evaporative cooling effect. The vapor resulting therefrom is evacuated by the ejectors and returned to the condenser/radiator.

Abstract: A method of performing work and an apparatus for performing the method utilizing the following thermodynamic cycle. Ambient air is isothermally compressed to a predetermined degree (A-B) and then heat is added to the air at constant pressure (B-C). This is followed by isentropic compression (C-D) which in turn is followed by heat addition at constant volume (D-E). Thereafter follows isentropic expansion (E-F-H-G) then finally heat recovery (G-A). The recovered heat (G-A) is preferably utilized for the initial heat addition (B-C).

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a coolant system for an internal combustion engine including a turbocharger and an aftercooler. The coolant system comprises an engine loop and an aftercooler loop both loops utilizing a single pump. The engine loop includes the pump, the engine block and head, a first radiator, and a radiator bypass branch. The aftercooler loop includes the pump, the aftercooler, a second radiator, and a radiator bypass branch. Each loop further includes a temperature responsive flow control thermostat for regulating the coolant flow through the associated radiator and/or bypass branch. The thermostat in the aftercooler loop is mounted in the coolant intake line leading to the aftercooler, but it responds to the temperature of the coolant leaving the aftercooler.

Abstract: A cooling system for a charge air combustion engine comprising series-mounted heat exchangers for two stage cooling of charge air supplied to the engine. A first stage charge air cooler heat exchanger is coupled into an engine-radiator liquid cooling system in series with the radiator and in parallel with the engine for passage of a portion of the liquid coolant at a first temperature level for first stage cooling of the charge air. A second charge air cooler heat exchanger is supplied with liquid coolant at a second, relatively lower temperature level for second stage cooling of the charge air.

Abstract: An engine braking system is provided for an internal combustion engine of the Otto or Diesel type fitted with an exhaust gas supercharger and an air-to-air intercooler driven by a turbofan and having a gas compression relief type of engine brake. A control valve is provided in the gas flow passage communicating with the turbofan which drives the air-to-air intercooler using air compressed by the supercharger. The control valve is actuated automatically to inhibit flow of air through the turbofan whenever the gas compression relief engine brake is operated.

Abstract: A turbocharger system for supplying charge air to a combustion engine includes a nonventilated hydraulic turbine mounted directly on the turbocharger shaft. The nonventilated hydraulic turbine is selectively driven by a high pressure hydraulic fluid to drive supplementally the turbocharger during engine operating conditions when additional air flow to the engine is required.

Abstract: A cooling system for an air cooled vehicle drive having a supercharged internal combustion engine, a transmission, a hydrodynamic brake (retarder), and a plurality of heat exchangers. The media which are to be cooled are at least partially in mutual heat exchange. Cooling oil or fluid ducts for the retarder or transmission oil and/or lubricating oil of the internal combustion engine pass entirely or at least partially through a supercharger intercooler or charging air cooler. The retarder or lubricating oil is cooled in a heat exchanger which is acted upon by cooling air.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle turbocharged internal combustion engine is provided with a dual core after-cooler and a dual function positively driven blower which at low engine loads is connected to provide necessary charging air to the engine air intake preferably through the inlet of the turbocharger compressor. During periods of high-load operation, when the turbocharger energy is alone sufficient to provide the engine inlet charge, the blower is reconnected to direct cooling air through the aftercooler system thus lowering the temperature of the inlet charge under high-load conditions. Numerous variations and modifications of the concept are disclosed.

Abstract: The air supplied to an internal combustion engine is cooled by a refrigeration process powered either by power generated by the engine or by heat from the exhaust gases. Multi-stage cooling may be used in conjunction with a separator for removing condensed ice particles from the cooled air. The engine may be a gas turbine or a reciprocating engine and the latter may be turbo-charged or super charged.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the utilization of the waste heat of diesel engines, in which the waste heat is utilized in at least one vapor circuit to produce mechanical energy. To improve the waste heat utilization, the engine media containing the waste heat--e.g. the boost air and the exhaust gases--have heat additionally withdrawn from them during the pre-heating of the liquid working medium for the vapor circuit. The heat withdrawal is effected by liquid working medium from a heating system which is disposed in parallel relationship to the vapor circuit. The liquid working medium is introduced into the vapor circuit upstream of the pre-heater and is separated downstream thereof from the working medium which is to be evaporated.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine and a method of operation thereof in which a plurality of compressors are connected through check valves with the inlet means of the working chambers of the engine while the working chambers are connected through control valves and gas turbines, each of which drives a respective compressor. The control valves are arranged to open sequentially as engine speed increases and to close sequentially as engine speed decreases with the opening of each control valve taking place more rapidly and at a higher engine speed than the closing thereof. In starting the engine, only one of the turbine is supplied with gas to initiate a supply of compressed air for use in starting the engine.

Abstract: A heat-exchanger system for the charging-air of a low-compression reciprocating piston internal combustion engine operating with exhaust gas turbo-supercharging, which is equipped with a first charging-air-water heat-exchanger that during the starting and partial load operation supplies the heat energy of a heater device to the charging air and which can be connected to the cooling water circulation of the internal combustion engine, and with a second charging-air-water heat-exchanger which is connected to the cooling water circulation external to the engine; the two charging-air-water heat-exchangers are thereby adapted to be traversed in parallel by the charging-air while a control system enables a stepless control of the charging air flow through the individual heat-exchangers as a function of the temperature of the charging air upstream of the cylinders and of the operating condition of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An air filtering installation for an internal combustion engine equipped with a supercharger and a supercharger inter-cooler, in which the air filtering installation includes a centrifugal dust separator and a dry air filter with interchangeable filter insert; the centrifugal dust separator is thereby arranged on the suction side of the supercharger and the dry air filter is arranged downstream of the supercharger inter-cooler.

Abstract: An engine system includes a compression ignition engine, a turbo-supercharger for supplying air under pressure to the engine, an intercooler disposed between the outlet of the compressor of the turbo-charger and the engine, an air heater the output of which is connected to the engine and a valve operable to cause the air from the compressor to be delivered through the intercooler or through the air heater to the engine. In addition the valve can be opened a small amount when it is required to initiate combustion in the air heater so that only a small flow of air takes place through the heater. When the combustion has started the valve is moved to the position in which all the air from the compressor of the turbo-charger flows to the engine through the air heater.

Abstract: A barrel-type reciprocating machine having a block with a shaft journaled through its center with the ends of the shaft offset at an oblique angle. A pair of wobble spiders are attached to the oblique crank end of the shaft and are in turn attached to an output shaft. A plurality of cylinders are angularly spaced around the shaft parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft. Each cylinder has a pair of opposing pistons and a plurality of intake and exhaust ports which are open and closed by the opposing pistons. Semi-circular concentric intake and exhaust manifolds surround the cylinders and communicate with the ports leading to the cylinders. The intake manifold has a plurality of coolant tubes passing through the wall of the intake manifold and into the cavity for cooling the intake air passing through the manifold into the cylinder. The coolant tubes traverse a circuitous path through the manifold and pass back out through the wall of the intake manifold to hose fittings.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with exhaust gas turbocharger, according to which in the lower partial load range of the engine for purposes of increasing the temperature of the air charge exhaust gas from an exhaust gas conduit is through a connecting line admixed to the compressed air charge, and according to which in the full load range a portion of the compressed air charge is through a connecting line passed from an air charge pressure line into the exhaust gas conduit ahead of the exhaust gas turbine. Ahead of where the connecting line leads into the air charge pressure line, there is provided an air charge cooler which by means of a thermostatic control controls the charge air of the internal combustion engine to a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A device for and process of pre-heating the intake air of a supercharged, low-compression ratio Diesel engine when operating at low loads, comprising the apparatus for and steps of taking the heat required for said pre-heating from at least one portion of the exhaust gases of said engine and conveying it to at least one part of the intake air. The device includes heat exchange apparatus having a heating fluid inlet connected to the diesel engine exhaust line through a three-way valve, a heating fluid outlet, a heated fluid inlet, a heated fluid outlet connected to the intake air duct of the engine, and a heat conveying means moving in a closed path between the heating fluid and the heated fluid. A temperature sensor in the air intake duct controls the three-way valve to apportion the flow of exhaust gases between the heating fluid inlet and the atmosphere to maintain a predetermined minimum intake air temperature.

Abstract: A propulsion arrangement which includes two diesel engines with one of the two engines having a first compression ratio for ensuring a reliable starting and the second engine having a compression ratio that permits high supercharging and high average pressure. Each of the engines include an exhaust supercharger with surplus exhaust from the exhaust driven supercharger of the first engine being supplied to the second engine to prepare an air charge of the second engine for reliable ignition conditions in a partial load operation of the second engine. A device may be provided for heating up the air charge of the second engine at least in one of an idling and partial load operation with a temperature regulator controlling the temperature of the air charge of the second engine so as to set the temperature for the air charge such that at each rpm a final compression temperature exists in the cylinders of the second engine which is necessary for ignition in that engine.

Abstract: A supercharged engine is provided with a by-pass pipe through which all the air from the compressor which is not absorbed by the engine flows towards the turbine through an auxiliary combustion chamber. There is provided a system for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber, comprising means for regulating the flow rate of fuel supplied to the auxiliary chamber so as to prevent the supercharging pressure falling below a set value; in which power unit the regulating means comprise sensing means sensitive to the quantity of fuel injected per cycle into the engine so that each value of the said quantity of fuel is made to correspond to a particular set value of supercharging pressure.

Abstract: A method for controlling the driving power of an expansion engine and an expansion device for carrying out said method, said expansion device being driven by the combustion gases of a separate combustion device to which fuel and air are supplied, said air being supplied to said combustion device by a supercharger via a cooling installation and after compression in said expansion engine the temperature of said compressed air being modified by its cooling in said cooling installation in such a way that the power control takes place by setting the compression temperature of said compressed air at a chosen constant combustion temperature of the combustion gases in said combustion device.

Abstract: A "hang-on" after-cooler accessory unit adapted to be mounted on an existing supercharged internal combustion engine having a carburetor supplied with natural gas fuel. The unit is mounted on an existing engine by removing the engine carburetor from the intake manifold, placing the unit over the carburetor mounting studs on the intake manifold, replacing the carburetor over the mounting studs and inside the unit, creating an air-tight seal between the unit and the carburetor, and connecting the inlet of the unit to the discharge port of the engine supercharger. The unit includes a water-cooled radiator or heat exchanger through which the supercharged air passes on the way to the carburetor air intake. The accessory unit is designed to be easily mountable on any internal combustion engine of the carburetor type and greatly increases the efficiency of engine operation because of the resultant cooling of the supercharged air.

Abstract: A manifold chamber placed over the exhaust manifold of a truck engine has an outlet connected to a large valve mounted on a cross-wise muffler at the rear of a cab of the truck. The valve may be selectively set in a heating condition connecting the heated air from the manifold chamber to an air cleaner and a turbocharger of the truck or a cooling condition connecting a cold air intake mounted on the valve to the air cleaner and the turbocharger.

Abstract: A method of and means for conditioning a substantially highly supercharged, low-compression ratio Diesel engine at start and low-load or idling speed operation wherein the improvement consists in the step of temporarily preheating the air supply before it enters or is pressure fed into the combustion chambers of the engine cylinders.

Abstract: A power unit comprises an internal combustion compression ignited engine having variable-volume combustion chambers and supercharged by a turbocompressor having a turbine which receives the engine exhaust gases. A bypass pipe which is permanently open during operation of the engine returns the air not absorbed by the engine to the turbine with a pressure drop which, if appreciable, is independent of the flow rate and increases with the compressor outlet pressure. The power unit comprises a heat exchanger between the gas flow leaving the turbine and the air flow leaving the compressor. An air cooler is disposed in the path of the air travelling from the heat exchanger to the engine.

Abstract: A water cooled internal combustion engine with a cooling blower arranged at one end face of the engine and with at least one water cooler which is acted upon by the cooling blower and extends alongside the engine. The internal combustion engine is supercharged and equipped with a supercharger air cooler arranged below the water cooler and parallel to the central axis of the engine. The cooling air delivered by the cooling blower passes through the supercharger air cooler in a direction perpendicularly with regard to the central axis of the engine. The supercharger air cooler has a gap of its own for the discharged air which has an exit parallel to the discharged air of the water cooler.

Abstract: A turbocharger system for an internal combustion engine. A pair of turbochargers are arranged such that the compressor of the first feeds the turbine of the second, the output of the latter fed to a first intercooler. The fan of the second turbocharger pulls ambient air through the first intercooler. The cooled air from the first intercooler is fed to a second intercooler, the latter positioned in front of the engine radiator. The output of the second intercooler is fed to the intake manifold of the engine.

Abstract: A ventilating arrangement for a compartment of an internal combustion engine which arrangement includes an air guiding housing separated from the engine compartment by a wall with a finned annular cooling arrangement being disposed in the housing for drawing-in ambient cooling air and directing at least a portion of the drawn-in-air into the engine compartment. The wall separating the air guiding housing from the engine compartment is provided with an air discharge opening with the annular cooler being provided with a thinless sector adjacent the air discharge opening. A charging air cooler arrangement is disposed adjacent the air discharge opening with an oil cooler arrangement being disposed on a downstream side of the charging air cooler. A fuel cooler arrangement may be interposed between the air discharge opening and the charging air cooler to cool the fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Improved engine performance and reduced temperatures of combustion and engine components giving lower NO exhaust emission results when a turbocharged Roots blown two-cycle diesel engine is provided with a flow restricting aftercooler between the positive displacement Roots blower and the engine cylinders. A preferred arrangement for a V-type engine mounts the after cooler in the engine cylinder block within the air box space between the cylinders and beneath the cylinder block-mounted Roots blower for a compact arrangement with simple connections to the engine coolant jacket and minimum changes to engine airflow. High velocity airflow in the cooler and scrubbing of the cooled air box lower wall provide good cooling efficiency as well as avoiding plugging of cooler air passages with carbon and other airborne particles.

Abstract: A power plant comprises an internal combustion engine, (Diesel engine), a compressor for supercharging the engine and a turbine for driving the compressor. The turbine is fed in parallel by the exhaust conduit of the engine and by a passage communicating with the compressor outlet. The passage is divided into two parallel arms. The first arm has a throttle. The second arm is connected to the primary zone of an auxiliary combustion chamber via orifices of a cross-section such that the pressure drop produced between the upstream and downstream ends of the orifices of the second arm is the same as the pressure drop produced between the upstream and downstream ends of the throttle of the first arm. The combustion chamber is fed by a fuel supply system entering the primary zone in the region of the turbulence produced in this zone by the arrival of air through the orifices, so that a complete and stable combustion is achieved in the auxiliary combustion chamber.

Abstract: An open loop air cycle air conditioning system draws ambient air into a turbine for expansion and cooling. The air passes through a heat exchanger where it withdraws heat from recirculated cabin air and is passed to a compressor which is operatively coupled to and driven by the turbine to partially recompress the air. The air is directed from the compressor to the intake manifold of the airplane engine. Valves may be positioned at the ambient air inlet to control the flow of air through the air conditioning system and into the engine. Water can be sprayed into the low pressure air at the heat exchanger to provide substantial additional cooling by evaporation.

Abstract: Air at substantially ambient pressure is cooled in a heat exchanger and introduced into an enclosure for cooling. The air is withdrawn from the enclosure and a portion of the air is expanded through a turbine for additional cooling and passed through the heat exchanger for the removal of heat therefrom. The air is then compressed to substantially ambient pressure and expelled. Additional cooling of the expanded air from the turbine may be obtained by evaporating a fluid therein. The fluid may be water condensed in, and withdrawn from, the heat exchanger.

Abstract: Inlet air for an internal combustion engine in an airplane is expanded through a turbine to lower its pressure and temperature and is passed through a water chiller wherein heat exchange and evaporative cooling substantially lower the temperature of the water. The air is then fed to a compressor driven by the turbine and its pressure is raised to a level suitable for input to the engine manifold. The chilled water is circulated through a heat exchanger to provide cooling for the cabin of the airplane.

Abstract: Turbocharged engine air supply cooling arrangement and method that utilizes an air-to-air heat exchanger provided with a fan to circulate ambient air about the heat exchanger to cool turbocharger compressor discharge air. The air is cooled to near, but above, the temperature of the ambient air as it passes through the heat exchanger. The air is then conveyed through a turbine which is mechanically connected to rotate the fan in response to the energy of expansion of the air. As the air expands through the turbine, it is cooled to a lower temperature, even below that of the ambient air before delivery to the engine.

Abstract: A power plant comprises a compression ignition internal combustion engine supercharged by a turbo-compressor set the turbine of which is supplied in parallel through the exhaust duct of the engine and through a by-pass passage starting from the compressor and provided with an auxiliary combustion chamber. The power plant comprises also a recycling duct one end of which is located between the downstream end of the auxiliary combustion chamber and the turbine inlet and the other end of which is disposed in the compressor intake duct. The recycling duct is closed once the compressor can, without recycling, produce upstream of the engine conditions for spontaneous ignition.

Abstract: The disclosure illustrates an air breathing liquid cooled compression ignition engine having a turbocharger and an aftercooler connected to the engine cooling system to lower the temperature of air compressed by the turbocharger. The engine cooling system includes a centrifugal pump having a pressure output that increases with increasing engine RPM. In order to minimize the generation of smoke during transient acceleration from idle, a flow control valve responsive to pressure differentials permits engine coolant flow through the aftercooler only when the engine is in its normal operating range above idle. The valve prevents the aftercooler from heating the intake air when the air delivered to the aftercooler during idle is lower than the temperature of the engine coolant.

Abstract: A turbocharger especially for marine engines includes a dual chamber block interposed between the carburetor and the turbocharger. The block includes a first chamber for receipt of a fuel air mixture and a second chamber separated by a heat transfer wall from the first chamber. The second chamber receives hot water from the cooling system of the engine and effectively directs heat through the heat transfer wall to prevent condensation of fuel from the fuel air mixture in the first chamber. Consequently, it is possible to use a rich air fuel mixture and maintain the mixture in a vaporized state to prevent premature detonation and deterioration of the engine.

Abstract: A four-stroke compression-ignition engine is supercharged by a compressor driven by a turbine. The turbine is fed in parallel by the exhaust manifold of the engine and by a passage provided with an auxiliary combustion chamber upstream of the exhaust manifold. The inlet and exhaust manifolds of the engine have distributing valves adapted to open these manifolds simultaneously during each transfer phase (exhaust plus inlet phase). The inlet and exhaust manifolds have a throttle to make gases heated by the auxiliary combustion chamber flow back into the cylinders of the engine in order to assist self-ignition.

Abstract: A water cooled internal combustion engine with a cooling blower arranged at one end face of the engine and with at least one water cooler which is acted upon by the cooling blower and extends alongside the engine. The internal combustion engine is supercharged and equipped with a supercharger intercooler arranged below the water cooler and parallel to the central axis of the engine. The cooling air delivered by the cooling blower passes through the supercharger intercooler in a direction perpendicularly with regard to the central axis of the engine. The supercharger intercooler has a gap of its own for the discharged air which has an exit parallel to the discharged air of the water cooler.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with a turbosupercharger including a vaned rotatable compressor wheel arranged in an inlet passage to compress inlet mixture for delivery to the engine combustion chamber, a vaned turbine wheel arranged in an exhaust passage to be driven by the flow of engine exhaust gases, a shaft interconnecting the turbine and compressor wheels for rotation together on a common axis, and vaporizable fluid heat transfer means in the form of a heat pipe extending through the shaft between the turbine and compressor wheels for transferring exhaust heat from the turbine wheel to the compressor wheel to heat the engine inlet mixture.

Abstract: A turbocharger for an internal combustion engine. The turbocharger is coupled to an air-to-air heat exchanger (intercooler) to cool the compressed air just prior to its entry into the engine. The turbocharger has axially spaced turbine, compressor, and fan rotors to thereby preclude undesired mixing of air streams.