Abstract: A gaseous fluid is combined with a liquid to form a transient foam for processing the fluid as by compression, expansion, condensation, heat exchange or chemical reaction.

Abstract: A steam or vapor engine comprising a vapor generating apparatus, at least one cylinder with a piston working in the cylinder, and pipes and valves for supplying vapor from the vapor generating apparatus to a closed chamber, formed in the cylinder, and for discharging vapor from the cylinder chamber after a working stroke, and an apparatus for supplying an additive, which rapidly expands at the temperature of the vapor, to the cylinder chamber essentially simultaneously with the vapor.

Abstract: Waste heat in the form of the sensible heat of flue gases, sensible and latent heat of geothermal sources, etc., is converted to usable energy. When the energy source consists solely of sensible heat of a gas or a liquid which is not the working fluid, the liquid working fluid is heated by the energy source and then expanded in a hot liquid turbine wherein partial vaporization occurs with decrease in pressure. The working fluid is thereby accelerated as thermal energy is converted to kinetic energy and internal energy of the vapor. The hot liquid turbine can be a hot liquid impulse turbine wherein the expansion occurs in the inlet nozzles and the mixed phase working fluid then impinges on the moving buckets of the impulse turbine transferring the kinetic energy to shaft work.

Abstract: A process for generating energy by utilizing the osmotic pressure resulting when two liquids having different chemical potentials are each placed in contact with opposite sides of the same semipermeable membrane. The process is particularly applicable to the production of energy from the system sea water/fresh water. The sea water is in the form of an enclosed body having an outlet orifice in communication therewith. The fresh water passes through the semipermeable membrane causing the osmotic pressure which ejects a stream of salt water through the outlet orifice.

Abstract: A two-phase power source comprises a rotor; a nozzle having an outlet directed to discharge a two-phase jet for impingement on the rotor to rotate same, the nozzle having means to subdivide flow therein; and means to supply a heated first fluid in liquid state to the nozzle for subdivided flow therein toward said outlet and to supply a second and vaporizable fluid in liquid state to the nozzle to receive heat from the first fluid therein causing the second fluid to vaporize in the nozzle and mix with the first fluid in essentially liquid state to produce said discharging jet.

Abstract: A system for generating power in a variable volume engine using a liquid solvent and a soluble gas. Power is generated by decreasing the pressure within one or more variable volume chambers through the solution of ammonia in water when each chamber is at or near a maximum volume. The resulting differential between the atmospheric pressure and the reduced pressure within the chamber is used to generate mechanical power. The combing of the water and ammonia gas may take place within a conventional cylinder at a point in time when the associated piston is approximately bottom dead center. In a second embodiment, the ammonia and water is mixed in a tank at a remote location from the piston and cylinder. The cylinder is operatively connected with the tank such that the vacuum developed in the tank may be employed within the cylinder for the production of power.

Abstract: A power system comprising a reactor for chemically forming a hydride by reaction with hydrogen at a relatively low pressure and relatively low temperature, means for heating the hydride while retaining it at a constant volume to effect chemical compression of the hydrogen, and a power generating, gas expansion device connected to the reactor for receiving hydrogen under pressure therefrom, and expanding it to derive power therefrom and simultaneously generating refrigeration by expansion of the hydrogen therethrough, and means for regenerating the hydride.

Abstract: A de facto wall-less heat exchanger system wherein a non-volatile heated liquid from a nuclear, geothermal or other source of heat is introduced into a chamber containing a highly volatile fluid which is chemically non-reactive with the non-volatile liquid. The volatile fluid is converted to a pressurized vapor which may be used to drive a turbine for the production of useful energy, to pump the non-volatile liquid or to pump a different fluid.

Abstract: A system and method for destroying waste including garbage, organic trash and sewage in which the waste products are initially combined in an emulsifier, grinder, or shredder at the source such as a residential dwelling or business establishment and pumped through present sewage lines to a slurry tank. The basic system can also be utilized on marine, land and air vehicles. The enriched slurry mixture of waste is pumped into a reactor chamber where through an electrolitic reaction it causes the slurry to produce its own pressure achieving the by-products of high pressure steam to drive a turbine-driven electrical generator and sterilized water with only a residue of ash being produced. The by-product of electricity may be utilized for heating the slurry mixture in the reactor while providing electrical power for other uses. Excess condensate from the steam may then be collected and utilized as sterilized water.