Abstract: In one embodiment, a waste heat recovery system includes a Rankine cycle system that circulates a working fluid that absorbs heat from exhaust gas. The Rankine cycle system includes an evaporator that may transfer sensible heat from the exhaust gas to the working fluid to produce cooled exhaust gas. The Rankine cycle system also includes an economizer that may transfer latent heat from the exhaust gas to the working fluid. The economizer is a carbon steel heat exchanger with a corrosion resistant coating.

Abstract: In an engine, a rotor having a folded jet pipe is rotatably supported in a sealed container filled with a liquid. A heating portion is inserted in a center cylinder at the center of the rotor, and a fluid of a high temperature is passed therethrough to vaporize the liquid sucked through the suction pipe of the rotor. A mixture of steam and liquid is jetted from the jet pipe due to the pressure of the steam that is vaporized to rotate the rotor. A check valve for jetting and a check valve for suction are disposed at the ends of the jet pipe and the suction pipe. The jetted steam is guided to a condenser disposed on the sealed container, and is condensed and is refluxed into the sealed container. A vacuum pump is connected to the condenser, and the pressure in the sealed container is held at the saturated steam pressure.

Abstract: A method and system for augmenting the output of a combined cycle power plant having a gas turbine driving a generator, a heat recovery steam generator that recovers exhaust heat from the gas turbine to drive a steam turbine also driving a generator, and a refrigeration element that is powered by available energy in steam exhausted from the steam turbine to cool water. The refrigeration element employs a substantially closed cycle refrigeration system that, in a preferred embodiment, is either an absorption chilling system or a thermal compression chilling system. The refrigeration element provides cool water to an inlet chiller arranged to chill inlet to the gas turbine to augment the power output of the gas turbine and the water is recirculated to be chilled and used again. Since the refrigeration cycle is substantially closed, little or no additional plant water consumption is imposed on the power plant.

Abstract: A waste heat power generation system of a cement calcination plant includes: an AQC boiler having an economizer, an evaporator and a superheater; and a PH boiler having a first evaporator and a superheater. The PH boiler, in addition to the evaporator and the superheater, has a second evaporator on a PH exhaust gas exit side, and a returned hot water from a flasher is introduced into the second evaporator via a steam drum. A hot water heated by the second evaporator is introduced into the steam drum, and a steam from the steam drum is introduced into the low-pressure stage of the steam turbine.

Abstract: The Rankine engine with efficient heat exchange system provides a rapidly rechargeable thermal energy storage bank operably connected to a heat engine capable of propelling a vehicle. Microwave energy is supplied to the system via a network of waveguides. Thermal storage bank has a slurry in a heat exchanger capable of sustaining operation of the engine without requiring the microwave source. The slurry provides a mixture of powdered stainless steel and silicone oils functioning as the working fluid in the hot side of the heat exchanger. The slurry may be heated by plugging the system into standard AC power for a predetermined microwave heat charging duration. A closed, triple-expansion, reciprocating Rankine cycle engine capable of operating under computer control via a high pressure micro-atomized steam working medium is provided to propel the vehicle. A variety of working fluids are capable of powering the Rankine cycle engine.

Abstract: A high order of thermal efficiency is achieved in a steam engine or expander having a piston clearance that approximates zero together with a negligible amount of compression, such that pressure in the clearance volume approximates ambient pressure, i.e. atmospheric or condenser pressure as the case may be at the end of the piston return stroke when the clearance is essentially zero. These two provisions working together simultaneously provide a method and apparatus which constitute a new engine apparatus and Rankine operating cycle that can be referred to as “zero clearance with zero compression”. The invention also provides an improved steam admission valve assembly that can be operated either automatically responsive to piston movement or by means of a cam shaft and cam or electrically by means of a solenoid that provides an intermittent magnetic field for operating one or more valves.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus relating to the use of phase change material to store, transfer and convert heat, such as from solar radiation, to mechanical work or electricity. Apparatus, systems, components, and methods relating to thermal energy transfer and energy conversion are described herein. In one aspect, the invention relates to a containment vessel having a heat receiving region and a heat transfer region such that a plurality of phase change materials are disposed therein and a sequence of solid, liquid and vapor phases are used to transfer heat from a source to a heat receiver of a power conversion unit.

Abstract: There is provided a Rankine cycle system which generates electricity by using heat as an energy source, in which a conventional pump for carrying a working fluid is not used, thereby reducing the cost of manufacturing the Rankine cycle system, saving the electric power consumed to operate the pump and therefore obtaining a greater output of power, and in which a control system is used to automatically operate the Rankine cycle system, thereby enabling to stably operate the Rankine cycle system even though a heat source is intermittently supplied.

Abstract: To mitigate the potential significant impact on our society due to the continued reliance on high-cost diesel hydrocarbon fuel and the implementation of increasingly strict emission controls, an apparatus is disclosed which provides the means for extracting additional heat from an internal combustion engine while providing the cooling needed to meet stricter emissions standards. The present disclosure describes an apparatus operating on a Rankine cycle for recovering waste heat energy from an internal combustion engine, the apparatus including a closed loop for a working fluid with a single shared low pressure condenser serving a pair of independent high pressure circuits each containing zero or more controlled or passive fluid splitters and mixers, one or more pressure pumps, one or more heat exchangers, and one or more expanders, and the means for controlling said apparatus.

Abstract: A heat energy supply system and method capable of drastically increasing energy efficiency and energy supply efficiency, as well as a reconstruction method of the heat energy supply system. The heat energy supply system comprises a boiler for heating a heat medium and producing steam including water and other vapors, a heat pump including a steam turbine driven by the steam supplied from the boiler and a heat exchanger for heating the heat medium by employing waste heat or heat obtained from environment, thereby producing the steam at a setting temperature, and a steam supply line for supplying the steam discharged from the steam turbine and the steam heated by the heat exchanger to a heat utilization facility.

Abstract: A generator is disclosed. The generator comprising at least one layer, the at least one layer defining a cavity and at least one aperture, at least a portion of the at least one layer including a reflective medium, or coatings, the cavity configured to hold a fluid, a fluid inlet coupled to the at least one layer, the fluid inlet in fluid communication with the cavity, and a fluid outlet coupled to the at least one layer, the fluid outlet in fluid communication with the cavity, the fluid configured to absorb radiation, the fluid outlet configured to release the fluid to perform work.

Abstract: An organic rankine cycle (ORC) turbo generator for prevention of penetration of a working fluid is provided, which can block penetration of the working fluid from a turbine into a generator, thereby improving the efficiency of power generation. The turbo generator comprises: a turbine including a turbine housing, a turbine blade and a fluid injection nozzle; a generator including a generator housing connected to the turbine housing, a rotor rotatably mounted inside the generator housing and a rotary shaft mounted to the turbine blade, and a first bearing and a second bearing mounted at the front and rear ends of the rotor; and working fluid penetration-preventing means adapted to block the pressure generated from the turbine so as to prevent the working fluid injected from the fluid injection nozzle from being penetrated into the generator.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system, method and device executes a thermodynamic cycle using a working fluid in a working fluid circuit which has a high pressure side and a low pressure side.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the generation of electrical energy through the combination of steam flows produced from different fuel sources. Steam produced from processing of a biomass fuel source is combined with steam produced from the processing of natural gas or fossil fuel and routed through a steam turbine generator to produce electrical energy. The steam is preferably reheated after partial processing in the steam turbine generator and then recirculated for further processing in the steam turbine generators. Following extraction of all available energy from the steam, the condensed wet vapor is reheated and used for processing of both energy sources.

Abstract: In a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine providing a hot exhaust gas flow which is used as heat source for a Clausius-Rankine cycle process, wherein a pump is provided in the cycle for pumping, pressurizing and circulating an operating fluid, the pumping operation is controlled by a controller depending on the exhaust gas mass flow through an evaporator and possibly also the exhaust gas temperature to vaporize the operating fluid and expanding the vapor under pressure in an expander while generating energy. The vapor is condensed in a condenser to form a condensate which is again returned to the pump.

Abstract: In a method for recovering energy from the heat dissipated by an internal combustion engine wherein the pressure and temperature of a liquid working medium are increased from a lower process pressure and a first temperature to an upper process pressure and a second temperature by a pump unit; the working medium is heated from the second temperature to a third temperature by transferring heat from a hot medium containing heat dissipated by the internal combustion engine to the working medium, which is thereby converted from a liquid phase to a gaseous phase; the working medium is then expanded to the lower process pressure whereby mechanical power is generated and the working medium is converted from a gaseous phase to a liquid phase and transferred back to the pump unit, the upper process pressure is adjusted in such a way that the working medium is expanded at least approximately to a predetermined saturated steam limit and to an internal combustion engine for carrying out the method.

Abstract: Power plant characteristics are operated in a flexible manner by controlling the power consumption of a CO2 capture and compression system. The impact of CO2 capture and compression on the capacity of a power plant can be minimized to maximize the electric power the plant can deliver to the power grid and the impact of CO2 capture and compression on the average plant efficiency can be reduced, by an operating method and a power plant, in which the power consumption of the CO2 capture system is used to control the net output of the plant.

Abstract: A metal fuel combustion system and method for producing energy. The energy may be used to drive a water vessel such as a submarine. The system and method comprises a combustion device having inner and outer combustion chambers. The metal fuel comprises aluminum, magnesium, and silicon, and is preferably in the form Mg2Al4Si5, and is preferably burnt using water as an oxidant. The byproduct of and the metal oxide byproduct is Mg2Al4Si5O18, which has an appearance and consistency similar to basaltic sea sand. In addition to the combustion device, the system may include additional energy producing elements such as fuel cells, thermoelectric cells, and photovoltaic cells.

Abstract: In an engine having a crankshaft driven by reciprocating pistons in an arrangement of cylinders, a spider bearing is fixed to a crankshaft journal that is offset from the central axis of the crankshaft. Each piston is drivingly linked to the spider bearing by a connecting rod. Circular links at the opposite ends of each connecting rod are fitted with an inner bearing ring to provide low friction movement of the ends of each connecting rod relative to the piston and the spider bearing. Hubs equally spaced about the central axis of the spider bearing enable connection of the rod links to the spider bearing. In a preferred embodiment, the spider bearing is formed of a bearing material that surrounds the outer surface of the connecting rod links which, combined with the inner bearing rings, provides a double-backed bearing for carrying the piston load.

Abstract: A power plant (10) having a primary water-steam cycle (11) that generates a primary electrical load via a generator (101) and a recovery cycle (12) that generates a secondary electrical load via a generator (102). The overlap between the cycles (11, 12) occurs in the condensing section (40). An evaporator (45) transfers heat from the exhaust line (41) of the primary cycle 11) to the conveying line (44) of the recovery cycle (12).

Abstract: A method, and associated apparatus, for generating power from medium temperature heat sources in the range of 200° to 700° C. with improved efficiency compared to systems operating on a Rankine cycle in which the working fluid is condensed at the same temperature. Water is heated in a boiler (11) with heat from the heat source A, (22) which may be a stream of exhaust gases (22), in order to generate wet steam having a dryness fraction in the range of 0.10 to 0.90 (10% to 90% dry). The wet steam is expanded to generate power in a positive displacement steam expander (21) such as a twin screw expander. The expanded steam is condensed at a temperature in the range of 70° C. to 120° C., and the condensed steam is returned to the boiler. The expanded steam may be condensed in the boiler of an Organic Rankine Cycle (22) to provide additional power, or by heat exchange with a heater of a heating system to provide a Combined Heat and cycle, thereby further improving the cycle efficiency.

Abstract: A waste heat utilization device (2) for an internal combustion engine (6) includes a heat medium circuit (8) through which a heat medium applied with waste heat from at least one of the engine and a heat source of the engine is circulated as the engine is operated, and a Rankine cycle circuit (4) through which a working fluid is circulated. The Rankine cycle circuit includes a heating unit (10, 12) for heating the working fluid by causing heat to transfer to the working fluid from at least one of the heat medium and the heat source, an expander (14) for expanding the working fluid introduced therein from the heating unit to produce driving force, and a condenser (16) for condensing the working fluid introduced therein from the expander. The working fluid is delivered from the condenser to the heating unit. The flow rate of at least one of the heat medium and the heat source that transfer heat to the working fluid in the heating unit is controlled in accordance with an operating condition of the engine.

Abstract: In an adiabatic expansion heat engine, adiabatically expanded low pressure fluid is returned to a source of high pressure fluid through a balance of internal pressures or forces that balances out the resistance to the flow of the fluid being pumped from the low pressure to the high pressure with the high pressure fluid metered into the working chamber.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system is provided for an internal combustion engine having a piston, a cylinder and an intake manifold, significantly improving gas mileage efficiency without reliance on alternative fuels. The system includes a heat loop having a heat transfer fluid, a compressor in fluid communication with the intake manifold to supply compressed air thereto, a Stirling engine operated and optimized via thermal communication with the heat loop, and operatively coupled to the compressor. The system includes a chiller in thermal communication with the heat loop, and with the intake manifold to cool the compressed air communicate to the cylinder. The system may include additional Stirling engines operating other devices, or being operated by a device, such as a propeller. A vehicle can incorporate the system and route fluid to and from a radiator. The system can be used in both portable and stationary applications.

Abstract: A steam generation system comprises a main steam generator and a back-up steam generator (20) which are both in fluid communication with a super heater (3) for superheating the generated steam. The superheater comprises a main heat source (6) for heating up a flow of heating gas. A back-up evaporator (2) is provided as a back-up steam generator for evaporating supplied water into steam. The back-up evaporator is connected in parallel to the main steam generator. An auxiliary heat source is provided for heating up the back-up evaporator. By controlling the auxiliary heat source (9), it is possible to supply more or less heat energy to the back-up evaporator to compensate for fluctuations in steam production of the main steam generator. The back-up evaporator is positioned away from the flow of heating gasses departing from the main heat source.

Abstract: In an integrated gasification power plant a steam recovery system is provided. The system enables power generation equipment designed for a predominant fuel and operating condition to efficiently utilize additional steam generation by syngas coolers when heat transfer surface condition or fuel characteristics enable additional steam generation. The system can detect excess steam generation, integrate it with the syngas cleaning process and transmit it to the power generation equipment. The system results in a low cost power generation system which is capable of efficiently operating with a wide range of fuels and a wide rang of operating conditions.

Abstract: A power system based on a binary power cycle and utilizing a multi-component working fluid is disclosed. The working fluid is partially vaporized and a split recirculation approach is used to control the enthalpy-temperature profiles to match the heat source. A portion of the unvaporized working fluid is sprayed into the condenser.

Abstract: An exhaust gas heat recovery unit includes a plurality of heat pipes (23) each of which includes a heater-side heat pipe portion (23a) positioned on the side of a heater (21) which heats pure water using heat of exhaust gas discharged from an engine and an evaporator-side heat pipe portion (23b) positioned on the side of an evaporator (22) which evaporates the pure water, heated at the heater-side heat pipe portion (23a), using the heat of the exhaust gas. The pitch of heater-side corrugated fins (28a) on the outer periphery of the heater-side heat pipe portion (23a) is set to substantially half the pitch of evaporator-side corrugated fins (28b) on the outer periphery of the evaporator-side heat pipe portion (23b).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for a more efficient and dynamic waste heat recovery system in an automobile. The present invention includes a heat exchanger connected to a generator. The heat exchanger includes variable pitch impellers attached to and rotating a shaft. The pitch of the impellers can be dynamically varied and the impellers can also be staggered. The generator includes a rotor connected to the shaft. The rotor rotates within a stator when the shaft rotates. The stator includes windings with different thicknesses and different turn ratios allowing for generation of different energy levels by each of the windings. Each of the windings can be dynamically activated. The pitch of the impellers can be dynamically altered and the windings can be dynamically activated depending on energy requirements of an energy storage unit and/or accessories in the automobile.

Abstract: A plant for generation of steam for oil sand recovery from carbonaceous fuel with capture of CO2 from the exhaust gas, comprising heat coils (105, 105?, 105?) arranged in a combustion chamber (101) to cool the combustion gases in the combustion chamber to produce steam and superheated steam in the heat coils, steam withdrawal lines (133, 136, 145) for withdrawing steam from the heat coils, an exhaust gas line (106) for withdrawal of exhaust gas from the combustion chamber (101), where the combustion chamber operates at a pressure of 5 to 15 bara, and one or more heat exchanger(s) (107, 108) are provided for cooling of the combustion gas in line (106), a contact device (113) where the cooled combustion gas is brought in countercurrent flow with a lean CO2 absorbent to give a rich absorbent and a CO2 depleted flue gas, withdrawal lines (114, 115) for withdrawal of rich absorbent and CO2 depleted flue gas, respectively, from the contact device, the line (115) for withdrawal of CO2 depleted flue gas being connect

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for producing hot water without a flame. The system and method heats water to at least a specified temperature without a flame by providing a source of water and a prime mover, pumping water from the source of water into one or more heat exchangers, pre-heating the water using the one or more heat exchangers, heating the pre-heated water to at least the specified temperature without a flame using a dynamic heat generator driven by the prime mover, using the heated water in the one or more heat exchangers to pre-heat the water and providing the heated water to an output.

Abstract: A non-gaseous carrier medium is converted into a gaseous carrier medium by means of introduced heat energy, so that the gaseous carrier medium rises to a predefined height. The gaseous carrier medium is compressed. The compressed gaseous carrier medium is reconverted at the predefined height into a non-gaseous carrier medium by means of a cooling circuit receiving heat of the carrier medium. The heat received by the cooling circuit is then returned to be used for heating the carrier medium at any desired suitable location.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system includes at least two integrated rankine cycle systems coupled to at least two separate heat sources having different temperatures. The first rankine cycle system is coupled to a first heat source and configured to circulate a first working fluid. The second rankine cycle system is coupled to at least one second heat source and configured to circulate a second working fluid. The first and second working fluid are circulatable in heat exchange relationship through a cascading heat exchange unit for condensation of the first working fluid in the first rankine cycle system and evaporation of the second working fluid in the second rankine cycle system.

Abstract: A pre-heater arrangement in a heat regenerative engine for pre-heating water in its delivery path from a condenser sump to a combustion chamber. The engine includes a steam generator, including the combustion chamber, for producing pressurized steam. The engine further includes at least one piston and cylinder arrangement for receiving the pressurized steam in order to drive the piston within the cylinder, and a condenser for condensing steam to liquid. A conduit formed of a heat transferring material provides the delivery path from the condenser sump to the combustion chamber. The pre-heater arrangement includes at least one exhaust port associated with the cylinder for releasing steam from within the cylinder after driving the piston, and a tubular coil connected to the steam delivery conduit and wound about the cylinder, adjacent to the exhaust port, for transferring heat from the exhausted steam to the water traveling through the coil, thereby heating the water on its delivery path to the steam generator.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system in which hot waste fluids, such as flue gasses, pass through a fluid heat exchanger configured to transfer energy in the form of heat to a heat transfer liquid, preferably molten salt. The energy in the molten salt is used to generate useable power such as electrical energy. The waste gas heat recovery system is especially adapted for use with batch processes, such as steelmaking and copper converting, and allows continuous or substantially continuous power production.

Abstract: Some embodiments of a generator system can be used with the working fluid in a Rankine cycle. For example, the generator system can be used in a Rankine cycle to recover heat from one of a number of commercial applications and to convert that heat energy into electrical energy. In particular embodiments, the generator system may include a turbine generator apparatus to generate electrical energy and a liquid separator arranged upstream of the turbine generator apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a waste heat recovery system, comprising: an internal combustion engine for supplying a high grade waste heat thermal resource fluid and a low grade waste heat thermal resource fluid; an intermediate thermal cycle by which an intermediate fluid is vaporized by means of the high grade waste heat thermal resource fluid and is expanded within a first turbine, whereby produce is produced; and an organic thermal cycle by which an organic motive fluid is preheated by means of the low grade waste heat thermal resource fluid and is vaporized by means of the discharge of the intermediate fluid from the first turbine, said vaporized organic motive fluid being expanded in a second turbine, whereby power is produced.

Abstract: In a dual-source organic Rankine cycle (DORC), the condensed and slightly sub-cooled working fluid at near ambient temperature (˜300 K) and at low-side pressure (0.1 to 0.7 MPa) is (1) pumped to high-side pressure (0.5-5 MPa), (2) pre-heated in a low-temperature (LT) recuperator, (3) boiled using a low-grade heat source, (4) super-heated in a high-temperature (HT) recuperator to a temperature close to the expander turbine exhaust temperature using this exhaust vapor enthalpy, (5) further super-heated to the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) using a mid-grade heat source, (6) expanded through a turbine expander to the low-side pressure, (7) cooled through the HT recuperator, (8) cooled through the LT recuperator, (9) mostly liquefied and slightly subcooled in a condenser, and (10) the condensed portion is returned to the pump to repeat this cycle.

Abstract: A simply constituted steam engine efficiently obtains mechanical energy not only from a heat source of a high temperature but also from the exhaust heat of an internal combustion engine and various kinds of heat sources of a low-temperature state such as the solar heat. In the engine, a rotor (5) having a folded jet pipe (51) is rotatably supported in a sealed container (1) filled with a liquid. A heating portion (9) is inserted in a center cylinder (50) at the center of the rotor, and a fluid of a high temperature is passed therethrough to vaporize the liquid sucked through the suction pipe (52) of the rotor (5). A mixture of steam and liquid is jetted from the jet pipe (51) due to the pressure of the steam that is vaporized to rotate the rotor (5). A check valve (53) for jetting and a check valve (54) for suction are disposed at the ends of the jet pipe (51) and the suction pipe (52).

Abstract: Some embodiments of a generator system can be used with the working fluid in a Rankine cycle. For example, the generator system can be used in a Rankine cycle to recover heat from one of a number of commercial applications and to convert that heat energy into electrical energy. In particular embodiments, the generator system may include a turbine generator apparatus to generate electrical energy and a liquid separator arranged upstream of the turbine generator apparatus.

Abstract: Apparatus for recovering energy from water is disclosed. Water is heated by application of electrical energy to heaters and contacting the water with the heaters in a manner and under pressure and temperature conditions such that it is instantaneously converted to gas. Energy in excess of that supplied to the heaters results from the rapid conversion of water to gas.

Abstract: A fluid machine includes a fluidization portion for compressing or expanding a working fluid which is heated to be brought into a vapor phase state after circulating in a cycle, an oil storage portion for storing therein lubricant oil for lubricating a sliding surface of the fluidization portion, a lubricant oil feed passage for guiding the lubricant oil stored in the oil storage portion to a sliding portion of the fluidization portion by a flow of the working fluid, and a sliding surface pressure adjustment portion that is controlled to adjust a sliding surface pressure of the sliding portion. The working fluid flows inside the machine with the sliding surface pressure of the sliding portion decreased as compared with that in a normal operation of the fluidization portion by the sliding surface pressure adjustment portion, and thereafter the decreasing of the sliding surface pressure by the sliding surface pressure adjustment portion is released.

Abstract: A circular, reversible steam powered engine configured to force pistons mounted in circular housing assembly and coupled to a main shaft to create a work load. The steam powered engine is arranged to pipe steam of a high pressure into steam chambers to force pistons forward and push exhaust steam of a low pressure out of steam chambers. Gears rotate and engage with pistons to start and stop steam flow into timing valves and steam flow portions. The engine creates a torque required to effectively operate many types of loads, such as those for vehicle and equipment applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for controlling the working fluid circulating in a closed circuit (10) operating according to a Rankine cycle, said circuit comprising a heat exchanger (22) for evaporation of said fluid, swept by a hot fluid (Ch) from a hot source (28), expansion means (30) for expanding the fluid in vapour form, a cooling exchanger (40) swept by a cold fluid (Fr) for condensation of the fluid in vapour form, and a circulation and compression pump (12) for the fluid in liquid form. According to the invention, the device comprises means (54) of managing the mass of fluid contained in circuit (10).

Abstract: A method of assembling a steam turbine power system with a coolant source is provided. The method includes providing a first steam turbine train including a first high pressure turbine assembly, a first low pressure turbine assembly coupled in flow communication with the first high pressure turbine assembly, and a first condenser coupled in flow communication with the first low pressure turbine assembly. The method also includes providing a second steam turbine train including a second high pressure turbine assembly, a second low pressure turbine assembly coupled in flow communication with the second high pressure turbine assembly, and a second condenser coupled in flow communication with the second low pressure turbine assembly.

Abstract: A method recovering heat and water from a warm slurry, such as warm tailings from a oil sands extraction mining operation, is provided. The method comprises providing the tailings to a vacuum vessel, removing, from the vacuum vessel, warm vapor derived from the tailings, condensing the warm vapor in a condenser to produce water, and recovering the water from the condenser. Cool river or pond water can be warmed with the heat from the vapor for additional uses in the mining operation. Essentially pure water can be obtained in the process. This can also be achieved using one or flash vessels in series to condense the vapor. Power can also be generated from the vapor using a turbine.

Abstract: A method of converting seawater, waste water, brackish water and polluted water to fresh water, referred to as “The Rosenbaum-Weisz Process”, is disclosed. This method utilizes high temperature electrolysis to decompose the seawater into hydrogen, oxygen and salts/minerals. The generated hydrogen and oxygen are then combusted in a high temperature combustor to generate superheated steam. The heat from the superheated steam is then removed by a high temperature heat exchanger system and recycled to the high temperature electrolysis unit. The superheated steam is then condensed, as a result of the heat extraction by the heat exchanger system, to produce fresh water. The recovered salts/minerals can be sold to generate additional revenue.

Abstract: In a method and device (1) for converting thermal energy of a low temperature heat source (20) into mechanical energy in a closed circuit, a liquid working agent is heated by transmitting heat from the low temperature source (20) and partially evaporating it in an expansion device (3). Erosion to the condenser (8) for condensing the partially evaporated working agent can be prevented by separating the liquid phase from the evaporator phase in the partially evaporated working agent that is directly in front of the condenser (8), and only the evaporator phase is transferred to the condenser (8) for condensing and subsequently, the condensed evaporator phase and the liquid phase are merged.

Abstract: In the “External Combustion Engine” fluid stored in a compressed fluid tank is released, and then heated by a synchronized heat exchanger. Heat is added at constant volume in a series of heaters and pre-heaters. The last heater is immediately above the power piston while the power piston is at the top of its stroke. Adiabatic expansion takes place and produces power output. Energy from the compressed fluid tank produces power output. Adiabatic expansion again takes place, and produces power output all the way to complete expansion. The spent fluid is exhausted through the heat exchanger, cooled, compressed, and stored in the compressed fluid tank. The pre-heaters heat all the fluid in the pre-heaters at constant volume and any number of pre-heaters can be used thereby providing unlimited time to transfer heat into the engine.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating a gas turbine installation which has at least one compressor for compressing combustion air, at least one combustion chamber for combusting a supplied fuel, using the compressed combustion air, and also at least one turbine which is exposed to throughflow by the hot gases from the at least one combustion chamber. Both a first fuel on a carbon base, especially in the form of natural gas, and also a second fuel, in the form of a hydrogen-rich fuel or pure hydrogen, are used as fuel. A reduction of the CO2 emission without basic modifications to the installation is achieved by the first and the second fuels being intermixed and combusted together in the at least one combustion chamber.