Abstract: An antenna assembly for use with a medical implant includes an antenna that defines at least one turn and an electromagnetic shield.

Abstract: A colonoscope including an egg-shaped image-capturing module and a wiring unit is disclosed. The image-capturing module includes a casing, a first image detector, a vibration motor and a control unit. The casing has first and second ends. The first end is made of a transparent material. The first image detector captures a first image. The vibration motor is configured to vibrate the casing. The control unit controls the first image detector to capture the first image. The control unit controls the vibration of the vibration motor. The wiring unit includes a vent and includes a plurality of lead wires and an air tube. Power can be transmitted to the control unit through the plurality of lead wires. The air tube is configured to convey air, and the vent is configured to output the air to a colon.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus includes: a camera including an imaging unit configured to receive light and convert the light into an electric signal; a first cable configured to transmit the electric signal, one end of the first cable being connected to the camera; an operating unit connected to another end of the first cable and including an electrooptic conversion unit configured to convert the electric signal transmitted through the first cable into an optical signal, and a switch configured to receive user operations; a second cable configured to transmit the optical signal, one end of the second cable being connected to the operating unit; and a connector provided to another end of the second cable and configured to connect the other end of the second cable to an external device.

Abstract: A shield box includes a top portion, a bottom portion and a socket. The top portion defines an aperture and includes at least one first ridge and at least one first groove. The bottom portion includes at least one second ridge and at least one second groove. The first ridge of the top portion occupies a second space defined by the second groove of the bottom portion, and the second ridge of the bottom portion occupies a first space defined by the first groove of the top portion. The socket is disposed over the bottom portion and accessible through the aperture of the top portion.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes: an endoscope having an insertion section adapted to be inserted into a subject; an optical member positioned at a distal end portion; a heating section configured to heat the optical member; a first temperature detector configured to detect first temperature information of the distal end portion; a second temperature detector connected in parallel with the heating section and configured to detect second temperature information of the distal end portion; a control unit configured to control the heating section based on the first temperature information; and an abnormality determination unit configured to determine presence or absence of abnormality in the first temperature detector and the second temperature detector based on the first temperature information and the second temperature information.

Abstract: There is provided a routing structure of a circuit body in a rocker formed on a vehicle body. The circuit body routing structure has a recessed housing groove formed along an extending direction of the rocker on a side surface of the rocker at a vehicle interior side, a circuit body that is formed of a long flat conductor having a conductor portion of a flat cross-sectional shape and that is housed in the housing groove and routed on the rocker, and an interior material that is mounted on the rocker so as to cover an upper surface and the side surface of the rocker, and that holds the circuit body in the housing groove.

Abstract: An endoscope has an imaging unit at a distal end portion of an insert section, and a relay board including an imaging signal converter that converts imaging signals output from the imaging unit is provided inside the insert section. Here, a data transmission method of an imaging signal transmitted at least in a section from the imaging unit to the relay board is a low-amplitude differential transmission method.

Abstract: An endoscope having a viewing direction aligned obliquely with respect to a longitudinal axis, the endoscope including: a shaft with a cladding tube and a fiber tube arranged therein; an object lens arranged in the shaft; and a prism module arranged in the shaft for deflecting the beam path, wherein the prism module is arranged eccentrically with respect to the object lens.

Abstract: An image-acquisition apparatus includes an objective lens consisting of, in order from an object side, a first group and a second group, an image-acquisition device that converts an optical image of an object formed by the objective lens into an electrical signal, a first holding frame holding the first group of the objective lens inside, and a second holding frame holding the second group of the objective lens and the image-acquisition device inside. The objective lens satisfies specific conditions.

Abstract: An endoscope includes an image sensor that is provided at a front end portion of an insertion portion of the endoscope so that an image receiving surface of the image sensor is disposed to cross a longitudinal axis of the insertion portion; a sensor holder that surrounds an outer circumference of the image sensor and holds the image sensor; and a circuit board including a sensor connection portion and an electric wire connection portion as defined herein; the image sensor is held by the sensor holder as defined herein; the sensor connection portion and the electric wire connection portion are connected to each other as defined herein; and an outside edge of a connection site between the sensor connection portion and the electric wire connection portion is located as defined herein.

Abstract: A first connector for a medical instrument has one or more first channels extending through a first surface, and terminating at respective ends. A second connector has opposing second channels for coupling with the first channels. A first power transfer element is mounted on the first connector, and defines a first cross-sectional shape that encompasses at least one of the one or more first channels and has a first central axis extending through the first surface. A second power transfer element on the second connector defines a second cross-sectional shape that encompasses at least one of the one or more second channels and has a second central axis extending through the second surface. The first power transfer element may instead be on a side surface of the first connector, and may couple with a paired element on a receptacle or extension of the second connector.

Abstract: An interface device includes first and second connectors adapted to be joined together in an operating position. One or more first optical data conduits extend through the first connector, with each first optical data conduit terminating at a respective first optical conduit end which is operatively aligned with a respective first optical lens. One or more second optical data conduits extend through the second connector, with each second optical data conduit terminating at a respective second optical conduit end which is operatively aligned with a respective second optical lens. Each respective second optical data conduit and respective second optical lens are aligned for optical coupling across a coupling region with one of the first optical conduits and respective first optical lens when the first connector and second connector are joined in the operating position. The interface also includes a wireless or contact-type electrical power transfer arrangement.

Abstract: An endoscope includes: a solid-state imaging device for photoelectrically converting optical images formed via an imaging lens, a circuit board electrically connected to the solid-state imaging device, a signal cable electrically connected to the circuit board, an optical member holding section that holds the imaging lens or a prism, and a connection member, one end of which is fastened to the signal cable and other end of which is provided with engaging pawls to be engaged with the optical member holding section, that connects the optical member holding section to the signal cable, a mounting member that is mounted on at least part of an outer periphery of the optical member holding section is provided, and the mounting member is fastened to a body section of the endoscope.

Abstract: An endoscope includes: a solid-state imaging device for photoelectrically converting optical images formed via an imaging lens, a circuit board electrically connected to the solid-state imaging device, a signal cable electrically connected to the circuit board, an optical member holding section that holds the imaging lens or a prism, a connection member, one end of which is fastened to the signal cable and other end of which is provided with engaging pawls to be engaged with the optical member holding section, that connects the optical member holding section to the signal cable, and a mounting member that is mounted on at least part of an outer periphery of the optical member holding section, and the mounting member makes contact with the engaging pawls engaged with the optical member holding section to hold at least part of the engaging pawls between the mounting member and the optical member holding section.

Abstract: There are provided an endoscope system capable of suppressing an increase in the size of a first connector of an endoscope and of performing non-contact electric power supply and non-contact signal transmission, an endoscope, and an endoscope connector. A power receiving unit and a power supply unit are disposed opposite to each other along an insertion direction of first and second connectors, and an image signal transmission unit and an image signal receiving unit are disposed opposite to each other along the insertion direction of the first and second connectors. A first circuit board is disposed on the opposite side to the power supply unit with respect to the power receiving unit so as to partially overlap the power receiving unit in the insertion direction. The power receiving unit and the image signal transmission unit are disposed so as not to overlap each other in the insertion direction.

Abstract: The present specification describes a medical endoscope, such as but not limited to a gastroscope, a colonoscope or a bronchoscope. In particular, the present specification describes an endoscope having a supply cable that includes a coupling element dividing the supply cable into a first section and a second section capable of rotating relative to each other, wherein the endoscope system further includes a control unit or endoscope handle and a main connector or supply plug connected to opposite ends of the supply cable.

Abstract: There is provided herein an endoscope assembly comprising at least one front-pointing camera and at least one front illuminator associated therewith, at least one side-pointing camera and at least one of side illuminator associated therewith, a front working channel configured for insertion of a medical tool and a side service channel configured for insertion of a medical tool.

Abstract: There are provided a rigid flexible printed circuit board and a method of manufacturing the same. The rigid flexible printed circuit board according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a flexible board including a flexible region, a first rigid region formed at one side of the flexible region, and a second rigid region formed at the other side of the flexible region; a first rigid board formed on the flexible board and formed in the first rigid region and the second rigid region; and a second rigid board formed below the flexible board and formed in the first rigid region.

Abstract: A load voltage control device, comprising: a load disposed in a tip portion; a power supply circuit and a controller disposed in a proximal end portion; and a cable connecting the tip portion with the proximal end portion, the cable comprising a first and second power supply lines, the power supply circuit comprising at least one power supply, wherein the controller operates to: obtain a voltage applied to the load based on a voltage applied to an input point of the first power supply line, a current flowing through the first power supply line, a voltage applied to an input point of the second power supply line and a current flowing through the second power supply line; and adjust the power supply voltage by controlling the at least one power supply so that the voltage applied to the load becomes substantially equal to a predetermined reference voltage.

Abstract: An optical scanning endoscope with an optical fiber, and a fiber driving unit with a plurality of actuators which bend side surfaces of the optical fiber by applying a pressing force. A mounting member is a substantially cylindrical molded interconnect device (MID) component which supports the fiber driving unit. A control circuit supplies driving signals to each of the actuators to control the bending amount and direction of the optical fiber. A wiring member electrically connects wiring patterns on the mounting member with the control circuit. The mounting member has a planar surface section at one proximal-end-surface side of the cylindrical outer-peripheral surface. The wiring patterns include at least first patterns having one end portion disposed on the planar surface section to form soldering lands. The other end portions are electrically connected to the actuators on the proximal-end surface of the mounting member. The wiring member is connected to the soldering lands.

Abstract: A video endoscope including: a tube forming an interior, a window formed at a distal end of the tube; an image sensor; a support in the interior for supporting the image sensor, said image sensor viewing through the window; a conductor arranged on the support, the conductor electrically connecting the image sensor, and a closing wall at a proximal end of the tube through which a pin extends, said pin being in contact with the conductor on the support, wherein the support abuts an inner face of the closing wall such that a surface region of the support on which the conductor is mounted contacts the closing wall at an angle at the point where the pin is located such that a portion of the pin protrudes into the interior and rests in a parallel manner on the surface region of the support and makes contact with the conductor.

Abstract: Various embodiments for providing removable and pluggable opto-electronic modules for illumination and imaging for endoscopy or borescopy are provided for use with portable display devices. Generally, various medical or industrial devices can include one or more solid state or other compact electro-optic illuminating elements located thereon. Additionally, such opto-electronic modules may include illuminating optics, imaging optics, and/or image capture devices. The illuminating elements may have different wavelengths and can be time-synchronized with an image sensor to illuminate an object for imaging or detecting purpose or other conditioning purpose. The removable opto-electronic modules may be plugged in on the exterior surface of a device, inside the device, deployably coupled to the distal end of the device, or otherwise disposed on the device.

Abstract: There is provided herein a camera assembly for use with a medical probe, such as an endoscope, the assembly comprising a main body configured to be mounted on an endoscope tip section, wherein said main body comprises at least one camera and at least one illumination source.

Abstract: Imaging apparatus, including an imaging unit, which consists of an image sensor, configured to capture images of a region and to output image signals in response to the captured images and an illumination source, configured to illuminate the region. The unit further includes a driver circuit, which is coupled to receive a digital value indicative of a target luminous flux of the illumination source and to generate a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) signal to drive the illumination source with a duty cycle of the signal determined by the value. The apparatus includes a camera control unit, which is configured to process the image signals so as to generate images of the region and to output the digital value indicative of the target luminous flux based on the images. A single cable connects the imaging unit to the camera control unit so as to convey the image signals and the digital value.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an endoscope and its manufacturing method enabling to reduce a diameter of the endoscope required to have airtightness and facilitate a connecting work between a cable and a connector. A first tube body and a second tube body constituting an airtight container are relatively moved to extend and contract, so that it is possible to extend cables from a proximal end part of the second tube body by contracting the container, thereby enabling a connecting work between the cables and an airtight connector. After the completion of connecting work between the cables and the airtight connector, it is possible to store an extra length of the cables in the second tube body as well as to allow the airtight connector to engage with the proximal end part of the second tube body by extending the first tube body and the second tube body.

Abstract: A video recording and image capture device for documenting surgical procedures that includes a main board for executing a plurality of software, a multimedia interface operable to receive a video signal and process it into an MPEG layer stream, the video interface connected on a first bus to the main board, a hard drive to record an MPEG layer stream as a file, an optical media drive to write an MPEG layer stream as a file, the hard drive and the optical media drive operably connected on a second bus, the bus being vertically stacked and connected to the main board, and a touchscreen interactive for user control, connected to the main board on a second bus to control the video interface.

Abstract: A video endoscope including: an elongated housing; an image sensor unit arranged in the elongated housing; an optical transmitting unit arranged in the elongated housing and connected to the image sensor unit; and a through contact device, wherein the optical transmitting unit is arranged at a proximal end of the elongated housing on the through-contact device, the through-contact device penetrates through a wall of the elongated housing and the through-contact device is arranged such that it is mounted in a hermetically sealed manner in the wall of the elongated housing.

Abstract: One end of a cable connecting fitting is fixed to a transmission cable. After a locking claw provided on the other end of the cable connecting fitting is locked to the tip surface of a mounting tube portion of a prism holder, the mounting tube portion and the cable connecting fitting are fixed to each other. An image area sensor is close to the inner circumferential surface of a distal end hard portion, and a camera module is disposed in the distal end hard portion. The cable connecting fitting can be disposed at a free space between the inner circumferential surface of the distal end hard portion and the image area sensor. The size of the cable connecting fitting can be increased within a range of the free space, connection strength is secured, and separation of the prism or junctions and rupture of the transmission cable can be suppressed.

Abstract: In an endoscope apparatus in which an imaging element and a circuit board to which the imaging element is connected are provided inside a distal end of an insertion part, disconnection between the circuit board and a signal wiring line is prevented. In an endoscope apparatus including an insertion part to be inserted into the body, an imaging element, a circuit board electrically connected to the imaging element and arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the insertion part, and a signal wiring line electrically connected to the circuit board and extending in the longitudinal direction are provided within the insertion part, and a connecting portion between the circuit board and the signal wiring line is provided with a easing member that eases a force applied to the connecting portion.

Abstract: A signal transmission device includes a transmission unit, a first connection unit, a second connection unit, and a reception unit. The transmission unit sends a transmission signal. The first connection unit includes a first electrode electrically connected to the transmission unit. The second connection unit includes a second electrode that engages with the first connection unit, and, when engaged with the first connection unit, is statically coupled with the first electrode. The reception unit is electrically connected to the second electrode and receives the transmission signal.

Abstract: An insertion portion, an operation portion, a signal cable, a plate-shaped member, an electric board, and a fixing member are included. The fixing member is formed into a U-shape in which a bottom surface, a top surface, a side surface and a fitting port are formed, and has a stopper for a surplus portion that is fitted in an inside formed, a distance between the bottom surface and the top surface is set to be slightly larger than a diameter in the surplus portion, and the surplus portion is configured not to be disposed in layers in a height direction of the side surface when the surplus portion is housed between the bottom surface and the top surface of the fixing member.

Abstract: A reduced area imaging device is provided for use in medical or dental instruments such as an endoscope. The imaging device is provided in various configurations, and connections between the imaging device elements and a video display may be achieved by wired or wireless connections. A connector assembly located near the imaging device interconnects the imaging device to an image/power cable extending through the endoscope. The connector provides strain relief and stabilization for electrically interconnecting the imager to the cable. The connector also serves as the structure for anchoring the distal ends of steering wires extending through the body of the endoscopic device. The connector includes a strain relief member mounted over a body of the connector. The connector allows a steering wire capability without enlarging the profile of the distal tip of the endoscopic device.

Abstract: Various embodiments for providing removable, pluggable and disposable opto-electronic modules for illumination and imaging for endoscopy or borescopy are provided for use with portable display devices. Generally, various medical or industrial devices can include one or more solid state or other compact electro-optic illuminating elements located thereon. Additionally, such opto-electronic modules may include illuminating optics, imaging optics, and/or image capture devices. The illuminating elements may have different wavelengths and can be time-synchronized with an image sensor to illuminate an object for imaging or detecting purpose or other conditioning purpose. The removable opto-electronic modules may be plugged onto the exterior surface of another medical device, deployably coupled to the distal end of the device, or otherwise disposed on the device.

Abstract: An endoscopic device having a one-handed, either-handed steering mechanism is presented. The endoscopic device includes some components that are sterile and used on only a single patient. The single-use components are medically disposed of after exposure to a non-sterile environment such as an internal body cavity of a patient. The endoscopic device also includes some reusable components that are not exposed to a non-sterile environment.

Abstract: An endoscope connector device comprises: a first cable of an endoscope, including a light guide for supplying illumination light and an electric wire for obtaining video signals from an image pickup device; a light guide connector connected to the first cable; and a second cable of the endoscope, including the electric wire led out of the light guide connector, wherein the second cable is attached diagonally from the light guide connector at an angle ? within a range of 0°<?<90° from a first cable side of an axial direction of the first cable.

Abstract: An image pickup unit includes a board to which an image pickup device is electrically connected, the board is provided with a first terminal portion which includes a plurality of terminals and is used when a first endoscope is configured, and a second terminal portion which includes a plurality of terminals and is used when a second endoscope is configured, a folding portion is provided between the first terminal portion and the second terminal portion of the board, when the board is used as an image pickup unit of the second endoscope, the board is folded at the folding portion, and a signal transmission member is connected to the second terminal portion, and at least one of a terminal size and a space between terminals in the second terminal portion is set to be larger than at least one of a terminal size and a terminal space in the first terminal portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electronic endoscope which enables the image pickup apparatus of the electronic endoscope to be easily replaced with image pickup apparatuses of different specifications. The electronic endoscope according to the present invention is configured by including a distal end member which is provided at a distal end portion of an insertion portion of the electronic endoscope, and which includes an image pickup apparatus mounting hole as a housing portion for housing an image pickup apparatus; and an outer shape adjusting member as an adjusting member which is provided between the image pickup apparatus and the image pickup apparatus mounting hole, and which fixes the image pickup apparatus in the image pickup apparatus mounting hole.

Abstract: The electronic endoscope includes: an image pickup element that receives incident light; a circuit board on which the image pickup element and a drive circuit component for the image pickup element are mounted; a plurality of internal signal lines electrically connected to the circuit board; an airtight structure including an airtight container and an airtight terminal through which a plurality of terminal pins penetrate, the airtight structure airtightly sealing therein the image pickup element, the circuit board, and the plurality of internal signal lines; and a signal line cable including a plurality of signal lines, the signal line cable being placed outside of the airtight structure. The electronic endoscope further includes a pipe-shaped electrically conductive member that electrically connects each of the plurality of signal lines of the signal line cable and each of the plurality of terminal pins placed outside of the airtight structure.

Abstract: An endoscope includes: a distal end rigid portion that configures a distal end portion of an insertion portion of an endoscope and has a through hole; an LED ceramic substrate including an LED light source mounted on a distal end side thereof, and arranged in the through hole so as to emit light from the through hole; an LED cable configured to be inserted in the insertion portion of the endoscope and to supply electric power to the LED light source; a ceramic cutout portion that configures a proximal end side of the LED ceramic substrate, and allows a conductive pattern for electrically connecting the LED light source and the LED cable to be exposed from inside the LED ceramic substrate and connected to the LED cable; and a reinforcement member having rigidity and fixed to the LED ceramic substrate and configured to cover the ceramic cutout portion.

Abstract: A cable connection structure includes: a cable including a core wire and an external covering layer covering the core wire; a board on which an electrode is formed, the core wire being electrically connected to the electrode at an end face of the cable; and a compressing member attached to an outer periphery of the cable and radially compressing a part in a longitudinal direction of the cable.

Abstract: An endoscope system 100 is provided with an optical fiber cable 31 and an electrical cable 32a that transmit pixel information output by a light receiving part 28, an image processor 42 that generates an image based on the pixel information transmitted from the optical fiber cable 31 or the pixel information transmitted from the electrical cable 32a, and a control unit 55 that controls a display unit 71 to display the image generated by the image processor 42, determines whether or not a transmission abnormality is present in the optical fiber cable 31, and selects, as pixel information as a target to be processed by the image processor 42, one of the pixel information transmitted from the optical fiber cable 31 and the pixel information transmitted from the electrical cable 32a depending on a presence of the transmission abnormality in the optical fiber cable 31.

Abstract: An endoscope, consisting of an image sensor which is configured to generate an image signal and a control circuit which is mounted on the endoscope. The control circuit is configured to drive the image sensor based on a control signal from a processor. The endoscope includes a connector which is connected to the image sensor and which is configured to detachably connect to the control circuit. In addition, the connector includes a memory storing calibration data with respect to the image sensor. The control circuit adjusts the image signal, based on the calibration data stored in the memory, to form a calibrated image signal, and transmits the calibrated image signal to the processor.

Abstract: A wire guide system is provided for use during a endoscopic surgical procedures. The wire guide system includes a cylindrical shaft having a hollow chamber along a longitudinal axis of the cylindrical shaft, a flange fit disposed around the cylindrical shaft and a seal disposed around the cylindrical shaft and abutting the flange. The system may also include an anchor affixed to the cylindrical shaft and having an aperture from which at least one of a sensor, a light, a camera, tissue and/or organs may be suspended therefrom and at least one cable extending from one end of the cylindrical shaft to another end of the cylindrical shaft through the hollow chamber.

Abstract: An endoscope according to the present invention includes: an elongated insertion portion inserted in an examination object; an LED which is provided in a distal end portion of the insertion portion and is driven by supply of electric power; an image pickup portion which is provided in the distal end portion on a rear end side in the insertion direction than the LED, and which picks up an image of the examination object; a power supply line for power supply, a distal end in an insertion direction of which is positioned in the distal end portion on a rear end side in the insertion direction than the image pickup portion, and which is inserted in the insertion portion.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a medical device. The medical device may include an elongate member, having a proximal end and a distal end and at least two lumens extending therebetween. At least one of the lumens may be an imaging lumen configured to hold an imaging device, and an imaging device may be disposed inside the imaging lumen. A signal transmitting device may extend longitudinally through the imaging lumen. A distal end of the signal transmitting device may be operably coupled to the imaging device and a proximal end may be operably coupled to a processor. The processor may be located outside of the imaging lumen. The signal transmitting device may transmit signals between the imaging device and the processor. A grounded, braided catheter may be disposed within and extend the length of the elongate member, surrounding the imaging lumen.

Abstract: A flexible endoscope includes a handle, a flexible shaft having a distal end and a proximal end, a coupling mechanism releasably attaching the handle to the distal end of the flexible shaft, an illumination unit disposed in the flexible shaft, the illumination unit providing light to an area in front of the distal end of the flexible shaft, and an imaging unit disposed in the flexible shaft, the imaging unit generating image data of the area in front of the distal end of the flexible shaft, wherein the coupling mechanism includes an electrical channel for transmitting electrical power to the illumination unit and the imaging unit, and a data channel for transmitting the image data from the imaging unit.

Abstract: There is disclosed an endoscopic instrument comprising a shaft having a distal end at which at least one optical sensor is arranged and a proximal end configured for a connection to a supply unit, further comprising a data transmission element which is provided between the at least one optical sensor and the proximal end and which is configured to differentially transmit at least two signals. The data transmission element is embodied as a star quad cable.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an endoscope includes an elongate member having a proximal end portion and a distal end portion. The distal end portion is configured to be inserted into a body lumen. An electrical component is disposed within the distal end portion of the elongate member and configured to produce a signal. An elongate conductive mechanical component has a proximal end portion and a distal and portion. The distal end portion of the elongate conductive mechanical component is electrically coupled to the electrical component and configured to conduct the signal or electrical power from/to the electrical component to/from the proximal end portion of the elongate conductive mechanical component.

Abstract: An insertion portion, an operation portion, a signal cable, a plate-shaped member, an electric board, and a fixing member are included. The fixing member is formed into a U-shape in which a bottom surface, a top surface, a side surface and a fitting port are formed, and has a stopper for a surplus portion that is fitted in an inside formed, a distance between the bottom surface and the top surface is set to be slightly larger than a diameter in the surplus portion, and the surplus portion is configured not to be disposed in layers in a height direction of the side surface when the surplus portion is housed between the bottom surface and the top surface of the fixing member.

Abstract: A medical device configured to permit free-adjustment of the curvature-factor by which the region connected to the distal member provided with the medical-treatment member is to be curved. The medical device includes an elongated body having an opening portion at the distal end, a distal member provided with a medical-treatment member held by the elongated body freely movably in an approaching and separating manner with respect to the opening portion, and an operation member. The operation member includes a first member which is connected to the distal member and which transmits a force, that separately-moves the distal member relatively with respect to the elongated body, to the distal member and a second member connected to the distal member, in which caused by the cooperation between the first member and second member, it is possible to freely-adjust the curvature-factor by which the first member is curved.