Abstract: Systems and related methods for identifying and/or ablating targeted nerves are provided. A probe with stimulating electrodes and/or ablation members are provided. The probe may be inserted into a nasal cavity and current may be introduced through the electrodes to stimulate a targeted area. The response to stimulation may be used to identify the targeted nerve. Once identified, the ablation member may ablate the targeted nerve.

Abstract: A cranial prosthetic comprises a perforated plate, wherein the perforations comprise a plurality of holes substantially equidistant from a central point. One such cranial prosthetic comprises a curved perforated plate, wherein the perforations comprise four holes substantially equidistant from a central point. In an example, the perforated plate also comprises an additional hole at the central point, detachable screw/suture fixing tabs for attaching the cranial prosthetic to the cranium via screws/sutures, detachable securing means consisting of flaps that secure the electrode when closed, and indentations in the form of channels suitable for recessing extension leads with at least one exit point, which connect individual electrodes to the main lead. Removable protective caps may be placed over the detachable securing means when closed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for intraoperative tissue stimulation during port-based surgery. The apparatus includes an access port and electrical terminals attached to the access port for tissue stimulation. In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus may include an access port, with or without electrical terminals attached to the access port for tissue stimulation, and electrocorticography sensors attached to the access port. The method includes inserting an access port into a tissue, applying an electrical potential to the tissue using electrical terminals attached to the access port, and measuring consequent neural activity using electrocorticography sensors attached to the access port.

Abstract: A method for optogenetics experiments, based on wavefront shaping and including: calculating the transmission matrix between an input end and an output end of the multimode fiber under a fixed shape; implanting the output end into an intracranial space of an experimental subject; and performing wavefront compensation to a light to be input into the input end, according to the spatial position of the optical stimulation and the transmission matrix of the multimode fiber, to form a compensated expanded light, and inputting the compensated expanded light from the input end into the multimode fiber, such that the compensated expanded light, after being transmitted by the multimode fiber to the output end and output from the output end, is capable of focusing at the spatial position of the optical stimulation.

Abstract: A system for monitoring includes: multiple EEG sensors spatially positioned on a layer of tissue for capturing EEG signals of a patient; multiple amplifiers coupled with the EEG sensors for amplifying the captured signals; and a low frequency oscillator for generating a synchronizing signal which is distributed to the amplifiers for synchronizing the digitization of the captured signals; wherein each amplifier includes: a voltage controlled oscillator for an adjustable frequency reference; an analog to digital converter for converting the amplified signal to a digital value; and a microcontroller for controlling the frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator and operation of the analog to digital converter by using the synchronizing signal.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) comb probe structure includes a carrier, a plurality of combs arranged in the carrier and spaced apart from one another, a plurality of shanks forming the combs, each shank including a base portion and a stem portion extending from the base portion, wherein sets of the shanks are joined together by the base portions thereof to form a respective comb, and a plurality of sensing elements disposed along the stem portion of each of the shanks and electrically connected to electrical contacts disposed at respective ones of the base portions. The sensing elements can include nanopatterned features on surfaces thereof forming a non-random topography.

Abstract: A connector assembly is provided. The connector assembly includes a housing having a first end that includes one or more mechanical interfaces thereon. The at least one mechanical interface configured to selectively engage a corresponding mechanical interface on an electrosurgical generator. A second end is configured to selectively engage an end of an electrosurgical cable to couple the electrosurgical generator to an electrosurgical instrument. A plurality of splines extends along an interior of the housing and is configured for electrical communication with a plurality of corresponding electrical conductors of the electrosurgical cable.

Abstract: An electrode array includes a body portion, at least one tail portion, at least one tissue surface contact, and at least one intratissue contact. The electrode array can provide stimulation or record signals from both the surface of a target tissue and within the target tissue. A system for tissue surface and intratissue signal recording and/or stimulation contains an electrode array, a controller or receiver, and at least one connection between the electrode array and the controller or receiver. A method of recording signals and/or stimulating tissue includes contacting the target tissue surface and target tissue interior with an electrode array and providing or recording an electrical, chemical, or optical signal.

Abstract: A brain navigation device, comprising a lead with an elongated lead body, at least one macro-electrode contact positioned on an outer surface on the lead, wherein the at least one macro-electrode contact is located at the distal part of the lead, and wherein the at least one macro-electrode contact is configured to be used during lead navigation.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method of manufacturing a flexible circuit electrode assembly and an apparatus manufactured by said method. According to the method, an electrically conductive sheet is laminated to an electrically insulative sheet. An electrode is formed on the electrically conductive sheet. An electrically insulative layer is formed on a tissue contacting surface of the electrode. The individual electrodes are separated from the laminated electrically insulative sheet and the electrically conductive sheet. In another method, a flexible circuit is vacuum formed to create a desired profile. The vacuum formed flexible circuit is trimmed. The trimmed vacuum formed flexible circuit is attached to a jaw member of a clamp jaw assembly.

Abstract: The application provides a unipolar cannula that can have a metal cannula tube, a body part made of an electrically insulating plastic, attached to the proximal end of the cannula tube, a connector disposed on the body part for the introduction of a liquid into the cannula tube, and a stimulation cable, an electroconductive wire of which electrically contacts the cannula tube in the region of the body part. The stimulation cable can be mounted laterally on the body part by a mounting part made of an electrically insulating plastic, where the mounting part has an electroconductive contact element which is connected conductively to the wire, and where the contact element engages into a recess of the body part and contacts the cannula tube when the mounting part is mounted on the body part.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a treatment apparatus using high frequency waves, and to a method for controlling same. The treatment apparatus using high frequency waves comprises: a high frequency wave generating unit; a plurality of needles for providing, into the skin of a user, high frequency energy transferred from the high frequency wave generating unit; and a driving unit for inserting the plurality of needles into the skin of the user, wherein the apparatus further comprises a control unit for controlling the driving unit such that the plurality of needles are inserted into a first target point within the skin and then move to a second target point.

Abstract: A method is presented for forming a nanowire electrode. The method includes forming a plurality of nanowires over a first substrate, depositing a conducting layer over the plurality of nanowires, forming solder bumps and electrical interconnections over a second flexible substrate, and integrating nanowire electrode arrays to the second flexible substrate. The plurality of nanowires are silicon (Si) nanowires, the Si nanowires used as probes to penetrate skin of a subject to achieve electrical biopotential signals. The plurality of nanowires are formed over the first substrate by metal-assisted chemical etching.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrochemical dephosphorylation technique for treating Alzheimer's disease and a use thereof. It comprises a gold electrode provided with a negative potential of ?0.2 V to ?0.6 V on a surface thereof.

Abstract: A connector includes two by N contacts arranged in two columns and N rows, where N is an integer of three or more, N contacts in each column being arrayed at a predetermined pitch in a first direction parallel to each column within a corresponding one of column areas each extending in the first direction and having a predetermined width in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, a distance between two contacts in one endmost row in the first direction among the N rows being larger than a distance between two contacts in each of the other rows and different in length from the predetermined pitch, a distance between two contacts in the other endmost row in the first direction among the N rows being smaller than a distance between two contacts in each of the other rows and different in length from the predetermined pitch.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices, electrodes, systems, methods, and other implementations, including a device that includes an electrode comprising an elongated body, a plurality of electrode contacts disposed on a first side of the elongated body, and a cannulation channel defined along a longitudinal axis of the electrode. The device further includes a guiding mechanism received within the cannulation channel, the guiding mechanism configured to guide the electrode for placement at a target area inside a body of a patient. In some embodiments, the cannulation channel is configured to receive irrigation fluids dispensed through a perforated end located near a leading tip of the elongated body.

Abstract: Devices and methods for manipulating devices such as micro-scale devices are provided. The devices can include a tether of various materials surrounded by a stiff body. The tether interfaces with microscale devices to draw them against the stiff body, holding the microscale devices in a locked position for insertion into or extraction out of tissue. The tensional hook and stiff body are configurable in a multitude of positions and geometries to provide increased engagement. Such configurations allow for a range of implantation and extraction surgical procedures for the device within research and clinical settings.

Abstract: An electrode (10) for treating organic tissue by means of direct current, comprising an electrode holder (20), at least one electrically conductive electrode surface (30), which is let into the electrode holder (20), wherein the at least one electrode surface (30) is connected to at least one control element (400) and wherein the at least one control element (400) is connected to a control and energy supply unit by way of electrical lines (60, 70), wherein the at least one control element (400) is configured in such a way that each individual electrode surface (30) is actuable by the at least one control element (400) in such a way that a current density (J) provided within a predetermined interval for each one of the at least one electrode surfaces (30) can be maintained or that a current density (J) for each one of the at least one electrode surfaces (30) can be maintained around a predetermined value.

Abstract: A multi-site electrode array (100) can include a microneedle array and a set of electrically active sites (115). The microneedle array includes a plurality of microneedles (105) supported on a base substrate (110). The set of electrically active sites (115) can be arranged at and/or near the tip of each microneedle (105), and in many cases along a shaft of the microneedles. Further, at least a portion of the active sites (115) can be independently electrically addressable such that a remaining portion of the active sites (115) are optionally electrically shunted together. In some cases all of the active sites (115) are independently electrically addressable.

Abstract: A skull-implantable electrode assembly for delivering pulses of electric current to a patient's brain, comprising a conductor housed in an insulated conduit and threaded through an electrically-conductive cannulated skull screw. Details of the exterior construction are discussed, as well as electrode arrangements and methods of treating a medical ailment of a patient.

Abstract: Embodiments include microelectrodes including a flexible shank and a bioabsorbable material surrounding the flexible shank. The flexible shank can include a flexible substrate, a circuit, and a plurality of sensors. Embodiments also include a methods of forming flexible active electrode arrays including depositing a flexible polymer on a substrate. The methods also include forming a plurality of sensors on the flexible polymer and attaching a silicon-based chip to the flexible shank. The methods also include coating the flexible shank in a bioabsorbable material and cutting the shank and a portion of the bioabsorbable material from the substrate.

Abstract: To allow an implantable device including an electronic circuit to be implanted in the head in a more preferable manner in terms of appearance and safely. This implantable device is used for a brain-machine interface or the like. A casing of an implantable device configured to be implanted in a human head has an outer convexity surface matching an external shape of a resected skull related to at least a craniotomy site of the artificial bone designed in accordance with a skull shape of each person in order to fill the craniotomy site. That is, the outer convexity surface of the artificial bone is provided with two functions: the original function of filling the craniotomy site as the artificial bone and a function of serving as the casing of the implantable device.

Abstract: Embodiments include microelectrodes including a flexible shank and a bioabsorbable material surrounding the flexible shank. The flexible shank can include a flexible substrate, a circuit, and a plurality of sensors. Embodiments also include a methods of forming flexible active electrode arrays including depositing a flexible polymer on a substrate. The methods also include forming a plurality of sensors on the flexible polymer and attaching a silicon-based chip to the flexible shank. The methods also include coating the flexible shank in a bioabsorbable material and cutting the shank and a portion of the bioabsorbable material from the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a multi-point probe which is formed of a tubular laminate which is configured by winding an electronic contact sheet including a sheet-shaped insulating base material, a plurality of electronic contacts which are arranged to be separated from each other in a column shape on the sheet-shaped insulating base material, and a plurality of wirings which are connected to each of the electronic contacts on the sheet-shaped insulating base material from a first end towards a second end and laminating the electronic contact sheet to have multiple layers, in which the electronic contacts are not covered with the sheet-shaped insulating base material and are exposed, and the wiringsther than a wiring on the uppermost layer are laminated so that at least some parts thereof are covered with the sheet-shaped insulating base material.

Abstract: An implantable medical device (IMD) may be deployed within a patient's right atrium at a location near a right atrial appendage of the patient's heart in order to pace the patient's heart and/or to sense electrical activity within the patient's heart. In some cases, an IMD may be implanted within the right atrial appendage. The IMD may include an expandable anchoring mechanism configured to secure the IMD in place.

Abstract: Methods and systems that detect and differentiate epileptogenic from eloquent and normal cortices are provided. A method for identifying epileptogenic cortices in a brain may include detecting areas in the brain that are undergoing cerebral blood volume low frequency oscillations, detecting areas in the brain that are undergoing blood oxygenation low frequency oscillations; mapping clusters of the brain in which the cerebral blood volume low frequency oscillations are negatively correlated with the blood oxygenation low frequency oscillations, and analyzing the time based relationship between the clusters of the brain that are undergoing negatively correlated low frequency oscillations to determine cause areas, which are areas of the brain that are causing negatively correlated low frequency oscillations to occur elsewhere.

Abstract: An implantable electrode array is provided, the electrode array comprising a substrate, the substrate having a front side and a back side, and a first number of first electrodes. The first electrodes are formed as contact pads, and are arranged on the front side. The substrate comprises a second number of prefabricated holes at predetermined positions, the holes extending from the front side through the substrate towards the back side, and being arranged such the holes may be penetrated by elongated electrodes placed at the predetermined positions.

Abstract: A cochlear implant system is described which includes an implant housing containing a stimulation processor for processing externally produced communications signals to generate electrical stimulation signals for the cochlea of an implant patient. The implant housing lies substantially in a plane and has an outer perimeter adapted to fit within a surgically prepared housing recess in skull bone of the implant patient. Multiple housing fixation features are located on the outer perimeter and cooperate to develop lateral force in the plane of the implant housing between the implant housing and adjacent skull bone of the housing recess to fixedly secure the implant housing within the housing recess.

Abstract: Provided are methods and devices for interfacing with brain tissue, specifically for monitoring and/or actuation of spatio-temporal electrical waveforms. The device is conformable having a high electrode density and high spatial and temporal resolution. A conformable substrate supports a conformable electronic circuit and a barrier layer. Electrodes are positioned to provide electrical contact with a brain tissue. A controller monitors or actuates the electrodes, thereby interfacing with the brain tissue. In an aspect, methods are provided to monitor or actuate spatio-temporal electrical waveforms over large brain surface areas by any of the devices disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a treatment apparatus using high frequency waves, and to a method for controlling same. The treatment apparatus using high frequency waves comprises: a high frequency wave generating unit; a plurality of needles for providing, into the skin of a user, high frequency energy transferred from the high frequency wave generating unit; and a driving unit for inserting the plurality of needles into the skin of the user, wherein the apparatus further comprises a control unit for controlling the driving unit such that the plurality of needles are inserted into a first target point within the skin and then move to a second target point.

Abstract: A device for cranial implantation includes a ferrule and a plate for placement in the ferrule. Furthermore, a neurological implant system includes a probe and a device for cranial implantation.

Abstract: The present disclosure discuses systems and methods for detecting and recording bioelectric signals, and specifically bioelectrical signals generated by abdominal organs, such as the uterus. The disclosure discusses area electrodes and arrays of area electrodes. The area electrodes are defined in a metal layer and include an inner and outer diameter. The area electrodes are configured to detect electrical signals generated substantially perpendicular to a surface of the area electrode while rejecting electrical signals generated substantially parallel to the surface of the area electrode.

Abstract: Devices and methods for manipulating devices such as micro-scale devices are provided. The devices can include a tether of various materials surrounded by a stiff body. The tether interfaces with microscale devices to draw them against the stiff body, holding the microscale devices in a locked position for insertion into or extraction out of tissue. The tensional hook and stiff body are configurable in a multitude of positions and geometries to provide increased engagement. Such configurations allow for a range of implantation and extraction surgical procedures for the device within research and clinical settings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a treatment apparatus using high frequency waves, and to a method for controlling same. The treatment apparatus using high frequency waves comprises: a high frequency wave generating unit; a plurality of needles for providing, into the skin of a user, high frequency energy transferred from the high frequency wave generating unit; and a driving unit for inserting the plurality of needles into the skin of the user, wherein the apparatus further comprises a control unit for controlling the driving unit such that the plurality of needles are inserted into a first target point within the skin and then move to a second target point.

Abstract: A modular, high density electrical system is disclosed which makes use of an interface component, which is well suited to being placed in contact with an anatomy of either a human or an animal, and which may be releasably coupled to an electronics module subsystem. The interface component has a plurality of electrically conductive interconnect pads that may be releasably secured by a member to a plurality of electrically conductive pads of the electronics module subsystem. The electronics module subsystem may have a substrate which supports both an electronics circuit and the interconnect pads.

Abstract: An optrode may provide a cylindrical substrate two or more electrodes deposited said cylindrical substrate. The cylindrical substrate and electrodes may be coated by an insulating layer with openings or vias over certain portions of the electrodes that may provide a contact for the neural probe or may be utilized to connect lead lines. Manufacturing of an optrode may utilize a jig that secures a cylindrical substrate coated by a conductive material and a resist. A first mask may be positioned in an opening provided by the jig, and the cylindrical substrate may be exposed ions or neutral particles to define one or more electrode patterns. After regions of the resist and conductive material are removed to form the electrodes, a second mask may be utilized to define vias regions in which portions of the electrodes are exposed and uncoated by an insulating layer.

Abstract: A system for controlled sympathectomy procedures is disclosed. A system for controlled micro ablation procedures is disclosed. Methods for performing a controlled surgical procedure are disclosed. A system for performing controlled surgical procedures in a minimally invasive manner is disclosed. Systems and methods for accessing target tissues as part of a neuromodulation procedure from within a lumen are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for identifying changes in an epilepsy patient's disease state, comprising: receiving at least one body data stream; determining at least one body index from the at least one body data stream; detecting a plurality of seizure events from the at least one body index; determining at least one seizure metric value for each seizure event; performing a first classification analysis of the plurality of seizure events from the at least one seizure metric value; detecting at least one additional seizure event from the at least one determined index; determining at least one seizure metric value for each additional seizure event, performing a second classification analysis of the plurality of seizure events and the at least one additional seizure event based upon the at least one seizure metric value; comparing the results of the first classification analysis and the second classification analysis; and performing a further action.

Abstract: Devices for detecting electrical activity in electrically active biological tissues and methods for using the devices are provided. The devices include an electrode array that is configured for implantation on electrically active biological tissue. The electrode array comprises a plurality of electrode sites comprising one or more layers of transparent, electrically conductive graphene disposed on a transparent substrate.

Abstract: A neuromonitoring needle electrode placement gun which includes a housing, at least a first needle electrode and housing assembly, an elongated channel dimensioned and configured for accommodating axial movement of the at least a first needle electrode and housing assembly within the channel and for directing movement of the at least a first needle electrode and housing assembly and a pusher dimensioned and configured for engaging the at least a first needle electrode and housing assembly and for axially displacing the at least a first needle electrode and housing assembly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a treatment apparatus using high frequency waves, and to a method for controlling same. The treatment apparatus using high frequency waves comprises: a high frequency wave generating unit; a plurality of needles for providing, into the skin of a user, high frequency energy transferred from the high frequency wave generating unit; and a driving unit for inserting the plurality of needles into the skin of the user, wherein the apparatus further comprises a control unit for controlling the driving unit such that the plurality of needles are inserted into a first target point within the skin and then move to a second target point.

Abstract: An intraoperative multichannel brain probe is presented. The brain probe has a cylindrical upper stainless steel section attached to a lower cylindrical section. In the lower section, an outer cylindrical tube surrounds a second insulating tube. Electrically recording/stimulating wires are placed between the outer tube and the second tube. Each wire has one end protruding out a hole in the outer tube. The other end of each wire is threaded through the entire probe and electrically connected to a recording or stimulating device through a connector system. A number of insulating tubes and electrodes located inside the second tube may also be part of the brain probe. Each inner electrode, typically two, is insulated from each other and from the second insulating tube by other insulating tubes. The combination of one or more wires and electrodes provides a multi-functional device.

Abstract: An implantable device has a cylindrical base, at least one electrode on the cylindrical base, at least one electrically conducting lead on the cylindrical base connected to the electrode wherein the electrically conducting lead has a feature size of <10 micrometers. A protective coating on the cylindrical base covers the at least one electrically conducting lead.

Abstract: The present invention provides a three-dimensional electrode having high cell affinity and capacitive coupling, comprising a pillar portion and a spherical portion, wherein the diameter of the spherical portion is larger than that of the pillar portion, and the carbon nanotubes are coated on the spherical portion, and pillar portion and the spherical portion are made of material selected from metal materials. The present invention may be used for developing biological probes having high cell affinity and capacitive coupling so as to provide high accuracy for measurement of neural cells or electrocardiograms and prevent from distortion.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices are disclosed for directing and focusing signals to the brain for neuromodulation and for directing and focusing signals or other energy from the brain for measurement, heat transfer and imaging. An aperture in the skull and/or a channel device implantable in the skull can be used to facilitate direction and focusing. Treatment and diagnosis of multiple neurological conditions may be facilitated with the disclosed systems, methods and devices.

Abstract: Some embodiments of a mapping device may be capable of passing through cerebral veins and other cerebrovascular spaces to provide electrophysiological mapping of the brain. These embodiments of the device may also be capable of providing, simultaneously or separately, ablation energy or other treatments to targeted brain tissue. In such circumstances, a user may be enabled to analyze an electrophysiological map of a patient's brain and, at the same time or within a short time period before or after the mapping process, may be enabled to apply ablation energy for treatment of a central nervous system disorder. Such treatment may be accomplished without the use of invasive surgery in which the brain is accessed through an opening in the patient's cranium.

Abstract: Methods of controlling the operation of a device traveling in a body tube tree, including sensing parameters from possible directions of travel and selecting the direction of travel based on the sensed parameters, implemented with a control system located partially or fully on the lumen traveling device. Various actions can be performed by the device for, e.g., medical or therapeutic purposes. Machine-readable media including instructions for performing the methods are also described.

Abstract: A control module for providing electrical stimulation of patient tissue includes a header disposed over an electrical interface. A connector assembly retainer is disposed in the header and coupled to the electrical interface. The connector assembly retainer includes a plurality of channels and a plurality of apertures defined at one end of the connector assembly retainer. Each of a plurality of connector assemblies is disposed in a different one of the plurality of channels of the connector assembly retainer. Each of the plurality of connector assemblies is configured and arranged for receiving a portion of a lead or lead extension and coupling the lead or lead extension to the electronic subassembly.

Abstract: A connecting system includes an implantable base unit having an implantable housing with an externally accessible magnetic portion and an implantable unit connecting member. The implantable base unit is configured to be at least partially implanted in a subject such that the externally accessible magnetic portion is accessible from an external region of the subject. An interface unit is releasably coupled to the implantable base unit. The interface unit has an interface housing with an interface magnetic portion and an interface unit connecting member. The interface magnetic portion is configured to engage the externally accessible magnetic portion of the implantable base unit to mechanically couple the implantable unit connecting member and the interface unit connecting member.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices are disclosed for directing and focusing signals to the brain for neuromodulation and for directing and focusing signals or other energy from the brain for measurement, heat transfer and imaging. An aperture in the skull and/or a channel device implantable in the skull can be used to facilitate direction and focusing. Treatment and diagnosis of multiple neurological conditions may be facilitated with the disclosed systems, methods and devices.