Abstract: In one embodiment, predicting gastrointestinal impairment involves obtaining intestinal sounds of a patient to generate audio data, identifying predefined spectral events in the audio data that are predictive of subsequent gastrointestinal impairment, the spectral events being defined by predefined parameters, and predicting the likelihood of subsequent gastrointestinal impairment relative to the identified spectral events.

Abstract: A transducer system is disclosed for detecting actual or simulated body sounds. An audio signal generation and detection system is disclosed for the purposes of simulating the medical examination of a patient or simulating the listening of sounds seeming to emanate from a live or inanimate body. A signal generator sets up a voltage potential at an electrode physically attached to the body, or electrically connected to a body, thereby setting up a voltage potential on a surface area of the body. An electric field potential sensor or a capacitive electrical sensor placed in proximity to the electrode or body surface then detects the voltage potential. The signals produced by the signal generator can represent heart, lung, bowel or other sounds and the electrical sensor can take the physical form of a listening device such as a stethoscope, thereby creating a simulation of listening to body sounds for medical diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: A bruxism detection device includes: a sound collection unit that collects a sound produced from a subject and outputs a sound signal corresponding to the collected sound; a bruxism candidate detection unit that detects a period of a sound having a feature that is characteristic of bruxism, from the sound signal, as a bruxism candidate period; a breath detection unit that detects a period of a sound having a feature corresponding to a predetermined breathing state, from the sound signal, as a specific breathing period; and a determining unit that determines that the subject has bruxed, when the specific breathing period is present before or after the bruxism candidate period.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an implantable medical device includes a controller circuit, a posture sensing circuit, and a physiological sensing circuit. The controller circuit senses a change in a physiological signal as a result of a change in posture, and generates a response as a function of that change. In another embodiment, the controller circuit identifies a heart failure condition as a function of the change in the physiological signal.

Abstract: A sensor for sensing bioacoustic energy includes a housing comprising an interfacing portion configured to establish coupling with a body part during use. The sensor includes a transducer element coupled to the interfacing portion of the housing and configured to sense sounds produced by matter of biological origin. One or more conductors are coupled to the transducer element. A mass element is compliantly coupled to a surface of the transducer element. Intervening material is disposed between the transducer element surface and the mass element, and allows for differential motion between the transducer element surface and the mass element during excitation of the transducer element.

Abstract: An electronic stethoscope includes a housing configured for hand-held manipulation, a transducer supported by the housing and configured to sense auscultation signals at a first location, and a headset coupled to the housing and configured to deliver audio corresponding to the auscultation signals through earpieces on the headset. The electronic stethoscope further includes a processor disposed in the housing and configured to convert the auscultation signals to first digital signals representative of the auscultation signals and to wirelessly transmit the first digital signals from the electronic stethoscope via a secure digital network to a second location such that the audio corresponding to the auscultation signals is provided to headsets of one or more additional electronic stethoscopes at the second location in substantial real time with the sensing of the auscultation sounds at the first location.

Abstract: A device for detecting and counting coughing events is provided. In one embodiment a sensor for sensing and transducing low frequency and high frequency mechanical vibrations, sends signals to a coincidence detector that determines if high and low signals coincide. In another embodiment, ultrasonic energy is introduced to the trachea and if Doppler shift in frequency is detected, association is made to a coughing event. In another embodiment a change in the impedance of the neck is considered associated with coughing event if correlated over time with a specific mechanical frequency sensed.

Abstract: A physiological sensing stethoscope suitable for use in high-noise environments is disclosed. The stethoscope is designed to be substantially matched to the mechanical impedance of monitored physiological activity and substantially mismatched to the mechanical impedance of air-coupled acoustic activity. One embodiment of the stethoscope utilizes a passive acoustic system. Another embodiment utilizes an active Doppler system. The passive and active systems can be combined in one stethoscope enabling switching from a passive mode to an active mode suitable for use in very high-noise environments. The stethoscope is suitable for use in environments having an ambient background noise of 100 dBA and higher. The passive includes a head having a housing, a flexural disc mounted with the housing, and an electromechanical stack positioned between the housing and the flexural disc in contact with the skin of a patient. The active system detects Doppler shifts using a high-frequency transmitter and receiver.

Abstract: A passive stethoscope chest piece has a chest piece housing containing a passive piezoelectric (piezo) element mounted within a metal housing. The piezo element converts body signals to an electrical representation. A pair of electrical connections attached to the metal plate and the piezoelectric layer of the piezo element pass the electrical representation outside the housing for processing by external circuitry. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

Abstract: Adventitious lung sounds indicative of lung congestion are detected using an implantable sensor. The sensor is adapted to be positioned adjacent to a pulmonary system and to output signals indicative of lung sounds in response to pulmonary system activity. A controller receives the signals and processes the signals to detect the presence of adventitious lung sounds. A respiratory cycle sensor operating in conjunction with the lung-sound sensor enables classification of an adventitious lung sound according to its time occurrence within the respiratory cycle. Posture sensing in conjunction with lung-sound sensing provides valuable additional information as to the severity of the lung congestion.

Abstract: A physiological sound examination device which supports estimation of a state of a living body includes: a first physiological sound measurement unit; a second physiological sound measurement unit; a power ratio calculation unit which calculates a power ratio which is a ratio of first physiological sound signal power to second physiological sound signal power; an illness-related gain calculation unit which calculates a transfer-characteristic of the physiological sound in the living body by computing the power ratio; a power calculation unit which calculates first power which is the second physiological sound signal power in a first frequency band; and an illness-related high frequency power ratio calculation unit which calculates a sound-source-characteristic of the physiological sound by computing the first power. The computing is performed to reduce an influence of the respiratory flow velocity and/or the size of the living body.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of detecting obstructive sleep apnea in subject. The method includes the steps of placing a head of an electronic stethoscope at the subject's suprasternal notch, providing an electrical signal representative of the sounds detected by the head of the electronic stethoscope within a frequency range, determining an obstructive sleep apnea index based on a ratio of the amount of the electrical signal that is associated with a frequency below a cut-off frequency with respect to a total amount of energy associated with the entire frequency range, and identifying the subject as having obstructive sleep apnea if the obstructive sleep apnea index is above a window maximum or below a window minimum.

Abstract: Disclosed is a swallowing test apparatus including a laryngeal part displacement detection apparatus for detecting a distance of two positions located laterally at a laryngeal part of a subject, a swallowing sound detection apparatus for detecting a swallowing sound of the patient during swallowing, a display, a processing apparatus for displaying a waveform representing the distance of the two positions at the laryngeal part generated based on a signal obtained from the laryngeal part displacement detection apparatus, and a waveform representing the swallowing sound generated based on a signal obtained from the swallowing sound detection apparatus on the display.

Abstract: A catheter system can include a first catheter having an elongated body that defines a lumen, and a second catheter slidably disposed within the lumen of the first catheter. The lumen of the first catheter can also include a key joint component that corresponds to a key joint component on the second catheter. The distal end portion of the second catheter can include a pre-formed bend that extends at a non-zero angle relative to a longitudinal axis of the first catheter. In some embodiments, the second catheter can be used to aspirate a substance from a body lumen.

Abstract: A method of acquiring, processing and transmitting acoustic energy data comprising: utilizing a sensor for acoustic energy to convert analogue signals into an electrical output; converting said electrical output to digital data; processing said digital data by use of a processing unit; initiating transmission of said digital data over a wireless network; and supplying electrical current to said processing unit through a battery.

Abstract: An electronic device includes an upper layer made of a non-conductive material; a lower layer made of a non-conductive material, wherein at least one of the upper layer and the lower layer is made of a resilient material having a sufficient elasticity such that it will return to an original shape after being deformed, wherein the upper layer comprises an upper conductor and the lower layer comprises a lower conductor and a space is provided between the upper conductor and the lower conductor such that the upper conductor and the lower conductor are not in contact until a force is applied to deform at least one of the upper layer and the lower layer. A sensor device for human body testing connected with the lower conductor, or the lower conductor is configured to function as part of a sensor device for human body testing.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus and method provide logic for processing information. In one implementation, an information processing apparatus may include a receiving unit configured to receive an audio signal associated with a motion of a human mandible over a time period. The information processing apparatus may also include a determination unit configured to determine whether the motion of the human mandible corresponds to mastication, based on at least a power of the received audio signal during the time period.

Abstract: The proposed invention is a method and system for the segmentation of dual-axis accelerometry signals for the purposed of identifying problematic swallowing events. The method and system employ a sensor, a data collection means including an algorithm for the analysis of the data. The proposed invention considers the stochastic properties of swallowing signals in both directions, A-P and S-I to extract events associated with swallowing. A segmentation algorithm may be applied to the signals to establish the time duration of swallows and swallows may be classified with respect to gender, body mass index, age or types of swallow.

Abstract: A sensor, sensor pad and sensor array for detecting infrasonic signals in a living organism is provided. The sensor, sensor pad and/or array can be utilized for detecting, determining and/or diagnosing level of stenosis, occlusion, or aneurysm in arteries, or other similar diagnosis. The sensor can include unique circuitry in the form of a piezoelectric plate or element sandwiched between two conductive O-rings.

Abstract: A physiological sensing stethoscope suitable for use in high-noise environments is disclosed. The stethoscope is designed to be substantially matched to the mechanical impedance of monitored physiological activity and substantially mismatched to the mechanical impedance of air-coupled acoustic activity. One embodiment of the stethoscope utilizes a passive acoustic system. Another embodiment utilizes an active Doppler system. The passive and active systems can be combined in one stethoscope enabling switching from a passive mode to an active mode suitable for use in very high-noise environments. The stethoscope is suitable for use in environments having an ambient background noise of 100 dBA and higher. The passive includes a head having a housing, a flexural disc mounted with the housing, and an electromechanical stack positioned between the housing and the flexural disc in contact with the skin of a patient. The active system detects Doppler shifts using a high-frequency transmitter and receiver.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for diagnosing a user's health state are provided. The apparatus includes including a voice detecting unit which detects and monitors a user's voice; a voice analyzing unit which extracts a voice feature from a voice detected by the voice detecting unit, based on a health state to be diagnosed; a voice diagnosing unit which diagnoses a health state of the user by comparing the voice feature extracted by the voice analyzing unit with an abnormal state reference, and which monitors a change in the health state; and a diagnosis outputting unit which outputs information regarding the health state and a health state change diagnosed by the voice diagnosing unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for processing a set of communicated signals associated with a set of muscles, such as the muscles near the larynx of the person, or any other muscles the person use to achieve a desired response. The method includes the steps of attaching a single integrated sensor, for example, near the throat of the person proximate to the larynx and detecting an electrical signal through the sensor. The method further includes the steps of extracting features from the detected electrical signal and continuously transforming them into speech sounds without the need for further modulation. The method also includes comparing the extracted features to a set of prototype features and selecting a prototype feature of the set of prototype features providing a smallest relative difference.

Abstract: A method for assessing a broncho-dynamic response in a subject includes introducing a sound signal having known characteristics into the airway of a subject, detecting one or more responsive sound signals at one or more locations on the thorax, administering a broncho-effector to the subject, and determining the subject's response to the broncho-effector by monitoring the one or more responsive sound signals before and after administering the broncho-effector. Changes in the responsive sound signal characteristics indicate the subject's broncho-dynamic response to the broncho-effector. Apparatus for assessing broncho-dynamic response in a subject is also provided.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for diagnosis of animal respiratory diseases using auscultation techniques. Animal lung sounds are recorded and digitized. Lung sounds are obtained by an electronic digital stethoscope or a wireless audio digital recording unit. The sounds are stored as digital data, and one or more algorithms are applied to the data for producing an output to the user indicative of the health of the animal. The acoustic characteristics of the sound are compared with baseline data in the algorithms. One embodiment includes a digital stethoscope with an integral display. Another embodiment provides a system for gathering information about an animal to include not only auscultation data, but also information from other field devices such as temperature probes or weigh scales. The combined information can be analyzed by system software to generate detailed information to a user to include a diagnosis and recommended treatment options.

Abstract: A system and method for visualizing auditory scene analysis by way of a portable device is provided. In one embodiment, the method steps include capturing multiple sounds from a sensor array of microphones connected to the portable device, performing auditory scene analysis on detected body sounds in accordance with a psychoacoustic representation of body organ functions, and rendering to a display of the portable device a visualization of auditory scene auscultation of the body sounds, including user input functionality for separated sound source tracks, sound source identifier tracks, and sound source location trajectories.

Abstract: A device for detecting and counting coughing events is provided. In one embodiment a sensor for sensing and transducing low frequency and high frequency mechanical vibrations, sends signals to a coincidence detector that determines if high and low signals coincide. In another embodiment, ultrasonic energy is introduced to the trachea and if Doppler shift in frequency is detected, association is made to a coughing event. In another embodiment a change in the impedance of the neck is considered associated with coughing event if correlated over time with a specific mechanical frequency sensed.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for the determination of urethral blockage. The system comprises a transducer arrangement for locating in the vicinity of the patient's urine flow, and a control unit in communication with the transducer arrangement. The transducer arrangement has at least one acoustic transducer capable of at least receiving acoustic waves, generated by the patient's urine flow, and producing an output signal indicative thereof. The control unit receives and processes the output signal and determines a change in the output signal indicative of the urethral blockage.

Abstract: A cell phone-compatible wireless stethoscope has an auscultation piece secured to an audio transmitter. The audio transmitter is configured to transmit audible biosignals detected by the auscultation piece. The signals may be transmitted via Bluetooth® to any Bluetooth®-capable cell phone and then transferred over a cellular network. The device may be used for remote medical examination and diagnosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for managing a patient having a sleep disorder, e.g. sleep apnea, snoring, sleep bruxism, upper airway resistance syndrome, etc. The method comprises monitoring physiological information from the patient, converting the physiological information to digital data, storing the digital data in a digital memory, identifying and characterizing epochs based on the digital data, and storing the identifying and characterizing information of the epochs in a digital memory. The method further comprises organizing the epochs according to an organization function that considers at least characterization information of the epochs, selecting an epoch based on the organizing of the epochs, and generating sound derived from the stored digital data associated with the selected epoch such that the patient hears the sound. In a specific embodiment, the physiological information monitored may include sound, e.g. respiratory sound emanating from the trachea, and/or tooth-grinding sounds.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a physiological signal monitors the sleeping quality of a person under sleep test with long hours in daily life at home. The system comprises a distributed data server, at least one physiological signal sensor, and at least one computer. The sensor is wired or wirelessly connected to the server. The server connects on Internet to the computer. The sensor transmits the sensed physiological signals to the server to process, calculate, analyze, and store. By means of physiological signal data processing, the computer further calculates and analyzes the physiological signal data stored in the server and allows an authorized reader to read the result. With the household sensor working with the server connecting to Internet, the system may be available in daily life at home to monitor the sleeping quality of the person under sleep test with long hours.

Abstract: Integrated body sound monitoring system arranged for recording and processing body sounds such as respiratory sounds is disclosed. In one aspect, the system includes a number of microphones arranged for recording a body sound signal that represents a mixture of different body sounds, a processing block that is arranged for processing the body sound signal and comprises electronic components for locally storing, processing and analyzing the body sound signal prior to transmittal to an external device, and a radio arranged for transmitting data related to the body sound signal to the external device.

Abstract: A system is provided that is operable to obtain acoustic data from a patient and analyze the data to diagnose whether a patient has a medical condition. In one embodiment, an acoustic detector obtains acoustic data from a patient swallowing and communicates the information with an acoustic processor. The processor analyzes the data by comparing the acoustic data to evaluate the presence of one or more acoustic features to determine the presence or absence of aspiration during swallowing.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a mobile phone with a stethoscopic function. The mobile phone with a stethoscopic function, of which the mobile phone has communication data processing functions, comprises a stethoscopic microphone which is arranged in a body of the mobile phone; and a stethoscopic system which is embedded in the body of the mobile phone. The auscultated sound data obtained from the medical examination made on the part of a human body where the stethoscopic microphone is contacted are converted into digital auscultated sound data. The digital auscultated sound data identifies corresponding sound data in the pre-stored standardized digital auscultating sound data through search and comparison within allowable errors of data. With the identified data, a diagnostic data is made available. The diagnostic data may be stored and transmitted to a physician using the communication function of the mobile phone.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a non-contact MCG is anticipated as one embodiment.

Abstract: A device and method for aligning medical devices is disclosed. A biopsy device having a handpiece, an elongated hollow needle with a lateral tissue receiving port, and an apparatus for providing a guide path, such as a light apparatus, is described. The light apparatus can provide visible light in a generally planar form, and the hollow needle can be aligned with the plane of light provided by the light apparatus. The light guide path provides a visible path along the skin of a patient, and the path can be used to align the needle of the biopsy device with a separate, hand held probe, such as an ultrasound probe used in ultrasound imaging.

Abstract: A method for locating a catheter tip within a human body is disclosed. An audio sensor is positioned at a site on the human body. An audio signal is detected by the audio sensor, and transmitted to an audio signal processing unit. The audio signal processing unit determines if the audio signal corresponds to a target location of the catheter tip, and transmits a notification signal to a user notification unit. An infusion of fluid or an audio emitting element can be used to generate the audio signal at the catheter tip.

Abstract: A method for detecting hearing impairment and a device thereof are provided. The device includes a sound collecting unit and analyzing unit. The sound collecting unit is used for receiving a voice signal from a subject based on the subject pronouncing a vowel. The analyzing unit is coupled to the sound collecting unit and is used for receiving the voice signal and performing a signal processing and a predetermined operation for the voice signal to provide the power of low-frequency oscillations of the voice fundamental frequency of the subject, wherein the hearing impairment of the subject is linear dependency with the low frequency oscillations.

Abstract: Detection of apnea/hypopnea events to calculate an apnea/hypopnea index is obtained by analysis of breathing pattern of a patient from breathing and snore sounds and a finger probe recording the SaO2 signal. A detector analyzes microphone signals to detect breath, snore and noise sounds in response to a detected drop in the SaO2 level greater than 2% and to extract and analyze the breathing sounds from a limited time period starting prior to the drop of the SaO2 signal and ending at least at the end of each drop. Separated time periods are divided phases with snore sounds and those with breathing sounds and an estimated breathing volume adjacent to a snore phase is used to estimate the airflow of the snore phase. The relative and absolute energy and duration of the sound periods is used to classify the sound periods into the three groups of breath, snore and noise.

Abstract: A physiological sound examination device includes: a physiological sound measurement unit (101); a power calculation unit (2301) which calculates power of a first physiological sound and power of a second physiological sound, the first physiological sound being one of two different kinds of physiological sounds measured by the physiological sound measurement unit (101) in a same time period and the second physiological sound being the other of the two different kinds of physiological sounds; a power comparison unit (2300) which compares first power indicating the power of the first physiological sound and second power indicating the power of the second physiological sound, to calculate a comparison result indicating a ratio or a difference between the first power and the second power; and a determination unit (2304) which determines whether or not a measurement position of the physiological sound is appropriate, by comparing the comparison result with a threshold.

Abstract: A stethoscope earplug seat and the fitting configuration with an earplug head thereof, the stethoscope earplug seat includes a large tubular body (6) and a small tubular body (5), the large tubular body (6) sheaths the outside of the small tubular body (5), and one side of the tube mouth of the large tubular body (6) is level with one side of the tube mouth of the small tubular body (5), the inside radius of the large tubular body (6) is equal to the outside radius of the small tubular body (5), the length of the large tubular body (6) is smaller than the length of the small tubular body (5), and the out-edge part of one side of the small tubular body (5) which is away from the large tubular body (6) is provided with an annular socket (7). The fitting of the stethoscope earplug seat and the earplug head is more firmly, and efficiently prevents the earplug head from sliding down.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for Resonance-Based Acoustic Reflectometry that uses a hybrid approach. A method of manufacture, system and apparatus for a modified circle system that allows for the connection of extra devices like exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention is an ambient noise canceling physiological acoustic monitoring system and method. The system and method utilizes a plurality of microphones to collect input data including ambient noise signals, bed frame noise signals and patient respiratory and cardiac data signals. The system and method cancels the ambient noise and bed frame noise signals, and calculates a filtered audio output signal with an algorithm that utilizes ECG rhythm patterns and impedance pneumography. The set of input data and the filtered audio output signal are then displayed in real time.

Abstract: Provided are methods and devices that pertain to the acquisition of data related to breast vascularity associated with breast cancer, use of data, or both, that are associated with the generation of sounds, including Korotkoff sounds, within a breast. The present methods and devices overcome the inherent limitations associated with x-ray absorption (upon which mammography relies) by the breast tissue of younger women, and may also be used to augment traditional single-parameter (visual) analysis of a breast through the use of a new parameter—sound. Also disclosed are databases comprising breast sounds that may be used to provide a more complete assessment of a patient's breast, either alone or in combination with the traditional visual parameter.

Abstract: An embodiment of an auscultation device can be constructed using electronic components to provide improved acquisition, processing, and communication of sound signals. An input device can be used for detecting sounds, and electrical signals representing the sounds can be processed and transmitted via Bluetooth and/or another form of wireless communication. Such embodiments can employ, at least in part, one or more of several commercially available wireless receiver devices, such as, without limitation, headsets and headphones, mobile phones, PDAs and/or other handheld devices, desktop, laptop, palmtop, and/or tablet computers and/or other computer devices and/or electronic devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods useful in the diagnosis and management of Gastroesophageal Reflux. Specifically, the inventions provide a device and methods of using the device for accurately, quantitatively, and non-invasively diagnosing Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in both patients at risk for GERD and patients demonstrating reflux-like symptoms. In particular, the inventions relate to detecting and analyzing upward esophageal movements in patients, such as human infants, children, and adults.

Abstract: A sensor for sensing bioacoustic energy includes a housing comprising an interfacing portion configured to establish coupling with a body part during use. The sensor includes a transducer element coupled to the interfacing portion of the housing and configured to sense sounds produced by matter of biological origin. One or more conductors are coupled to the transducer element. A mass element is compliantly coupled to a surface of the transducer element. Intervening material is disposed between the transducer element surface and the mass element, and allows for differential motion between the transducer element surface and the mass element during excitation of the transducer element.

Abstract: The present invention is an ambient noise canceling physiological acoustic monitoring system and method. The system and method utilizes a plurality of microphones to collect input data including ambient noise signals, bed frame noise signals and patient respiratory and cardiac data signals. The system and method cancels the ambient noise and bed frame noise signals, and calculates a filtered audio output signal with an algorithm that utilizes ECG rhythm patterns and impedance pneumography. The set of input data and the filtered audio output signal are then displayed in real time.

Abstract: According to certain described aspects, multiple acoustic sensing elements are employed in a variety of beneficial ways to provide improved physiological monitoring, among other advantages. In various embodiments, sensing elements can be advantageously employed in a single sensor package, in multiple sensor packages, and at a variety of other strategic locations in the monitoring environment. According to other aspects, to compensate for skin elasticity and attachment variability, an acoustic sensor support is provided that includes one or more pressure equalization pathways. The pathways can provide an air-flow channel from the cavity defined by the sensing elements and frame to the ambient air pressure.

Abstract: According to certain described aspects, multiple acoustic sensing elements are employed in a variety of beneficial ways to provide improved physiological monitoring, among other advantages. In various embodiments, sensing elements can be advantageously employed in a single sensor package, in multiple sensor packages, and at a variety of other strategic locations in the monitoring environment. According to other aspects, to compensate for skin elasticity and attachment variability, an acoustic sensor support is provided that includes one or more pressure equalization pathways. The pathways can provide an air-flow channel from the cavity defined by the sensing elements and frame to the ambient air pressure.

Abstract: According to certain described aspects, multiple acoustic sensing elements are employed in a variety of beneficial ways to provide improved physiological monitoring, among other advantages. In various embodiments, sensing elements can be advantageously employed in a single sensor package, in multiple sensor packages, and at a variety of other strategic locations in the monitoring environment. According to other aspects, to compensate for skin elasticity and attachment variability, an acoustic sensor support is provided that includes one or more pressure equalization pathways. The pathways can provide an air-flow channel from the cavity defined by the sensing elements and frame to the ambient air pressure.