Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus of inner light layer illumination for optical imaging in turbid media. This apparatus comprises laser generating short light pulse(s), negative dispersion device to broaden the width of the short light pulse(s) before the pulse(s) enter(s) the turbid medium, imaging distance adjuster changing the imaging distance and optical receiver receiving returned signal light pulse(s). This apparatus can reduce absorption and scattering of the turbid media greatly and create an inner light layer with strong intensity to illuminate the object in the turbid medium. The mathematical calculations have proved that this apparatus can enhance the signal strength by more than 600 dB. The imaging depth can be over 5 cm in human body, and more than 500 m in clear seawater. The imaging resolutions are <1 micrometer along object plane and are approximate 1 micrometer along direction of depth of field.

Abstract: A therapeutic nanoparticle diffusion system includes at least one rubber bootie; a foot bath; and a nanoparticle composition. The rubber bootie is adapted to accommodate a user's foot and the nanoparticle composition. The foot bath has a predetermined height, a vibrational base, and a heating element attached. A therapeutic method of administering nanoparticles includes providing the bootie and the foot bath; adding water to the foot bath; donning the bootie; resting the foot and the bootie in the foot bath; adding a nanoparticle composition to the bootie; activating the heating element and the vibration element; resting the subject's foot in the nanoparticle composition; doffing and emptying the bootie into the foot bath; and soaking the subject's foot in the foot bath. The temperatures and times are predetermined.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for removing a tattoo from a subject's skin by application of a cold plasma that is delivered via a liquid-gas mixture. The plasma can be delivered in the form of gas bubbles, in which at least a portion of gas is in the form of a plasma.

Abstract: A modular access medical system configured to enable a surgeon to conduct a medical procedure in fluid contained within a defined space is disclosed. As such, the system increases visibility to an operating surgeon by eliminating smoke and other vapors formed during use of a medical instrument at the surgical site. The modular access medical system may be formed from a distal end of a cannula configured to be placed into contact with tissue such that fluid can be administered within the cannula and retained therein to facilitate a surgical procedure to be conducted via one or more instruments extending through fluid contained within the cannula.

Abstract: The proposed invention relates to an electromedical device that produces a cold plasma at atmospheric pressure for use in blood clotting and the treatment of ulcers and other skin injuries in human and animal patients. The main claims relate to the use of gas pre-treated by means of a cooling and dehumidification, together with a system of plasma expansion chambers in the outlet channel of same. As a result of these innovations, the plasma produced using the invention has a lower temperature than those in the prior art, preserving greater effectiveness both in blood clotting and in the disinfection and treatment of skin injuries, without causing any damage to the patient's healthy tissue. The device can be used in the treatment of human and animal patients to considerably accelerate blood clotting without damage to healthy tissue, during clinical and surgical treatments. I can also be used to treat ulcers and other skin injuries, owing to its disinfection properties, without damaging healthy tissue.

Abstract: A pump and a pump controller which uses an algorithm to quickly achieve and maintain a stable plasma field in a surgical site are provided. The algorithm calculates an electrical characteristic value to determine if a suction rate by the pump should be increased or decreased to achieve the stable plasma field. A method of using the pump and the pump controller is also provided.

Abstract: A bubble measurement system includes a bubble detector including a vessel having a flow path configured to receive a flow of fluid includes air bubbles from a bubble generator. The bubble measurement system includes an imaging system having an imaging device for imaging the fluid and air bubbles in the flow path of the vessel of the bubble detector. The imaging system has an imaging controller coupled to the imaging device and receiving images from the imaging device. The imaging controller processes the images to measure bubble size of each air bubble passing through the bubble detector.

Abstract: An insufflation system having a processor configured to calculate a first target gas feeding flow rate based on a difference between a body cavity internal pressure and an insufflation target pressure of a body cavity, determine whether the first target gas feeding flow rate is lower than a threshold gas feeding flow rate, and in response to determining that the first target gas feeding flow rate is lower than the threshold gas feeding flow rate, feed gas at a second target gas feeding flow rate by controlling a first valve provided at a gas feeding conduit and a second valve provided at a suction conduit, wherein the processor is configured to cause the suction conduit to suction at a first suction flow rate, and wherein the second target gas feeding flow rate is obtained by adding the first suction flow rate to the first target gas feeding flow rate.

Abstract: A method for measuring levels of specific biomarkers in exhaled breath. Specific compounds such as nitric oxide and isoprene can be monitored from a subject's breath. The resultant measurements can provide indications of the subject's medical condition, or response to an applied stress.

Abstract: A method for applying cold atmospheric plasma treatment to target tissue comprising the steps of selecting through a graphical user interface a particular soft tissue sarcoma cell line associated with target tissue, retrieving, with said computing device, settings data associated with said selected soft tissue sarcoma cell line from a database of cell line data and associated settings data in a storage, and applying, with said computing device, said retrieved settings data to a cold atmospheric plasma system.

Abstract: According to certain arrangements, a conditioner mat for use with a bed assembly includes an upper layer comprising a plurality of openings, a lower layer being substantially fluid impermeable, at least one interior chamber defined by the upper layer and the lower layer and a spacer material positioned within the interior chamber. In one embodiment, the spacer material is configured to maintain a shape of the interior chamber and to help with the passage of fluids within a portion of interior chamber. The conditioner mat can be configured to releasably secure to a top of a bed assembly.

Abstract: This invention is a device which creates adjustable acoustic and/or thermal zones in a bed to address sleep issues such as bed partner snoring and hot flashes. Adjustable acoustic bed zones can be created with a flexible movable partition which longitudinally spans a bed from an arch at the head of the bed to an arch at the foot of the bed. Adjustable thermal bed zones can be created with inflow and outflow flexible longitudinal air tubes which are inserted into a space between layers of bedding.

Abstract: One implementation of the present disclosure is a negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) system, according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the system includes an instillation system configured to provide instillation fluid to a wound site, and a controller. In some embodiments, the wound site includes a wound and a wound dressing. In some embodiments, the controller is configured to provide a first quantity of instillation fluid for a first instillation cycle. In some embodiments, the controller is configured to determine a second quantity of instillation fluid for a second instillation cycle based on the first quantity and a reduction factor. In some embodiments, the second quantity of instillation fluid is less than the first quantity of instillation fluid. In some embodiments, the controller is configured to adjust an operation of the instillation system to provide the second quantity of instillation fluid to the wound site.

Abstract: According to certain arrangements, a conditioner mat for use with a bed assembly includes an upper layer comprising a plurality of openings, a lower layer being substantially fluid impermeable, at least one interior chamber defined by the upper layer and the lower layer and a spacer material positioned within the interior chamber. In one embodiment, the spacer material is configured to maintain a shape of the interior chamber and to help with the passage of fluids within a portion of interior chamber. The conditioner mat can be configured to releasably secure to a top of a bed assembly.

Abstract: A device for producing a non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma and a method for operating a piezoelectric transformer are disclosed. In an embodiment a device includes a piezoelectric transformer, a driver circuit configured to apply an input signal to the piezoelectric transformer and a field probe configured to measure a field strength of an electric field produced by the piezoelectric transformer at a measurement point, wherein the driver circuit is configured to adapt the input signal while taking into account measurement results of the field probe, and wherein the device is configured to produce a non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma.

Abstract: A vessel harvesting apparatus for removing a blood vessel from a patient includes collection and conditioning (i.e., treatment) of expelled insufflation gas prior to releasing the gas into the air of the operating room. An endoscopic instrument has a distal end with a vessel harvesting tip and has a proximal end with a handle. An insufflation channel is configured to convey an insufflation gas subcutaneously into a dissected space within the patient. A removal channel is configured to evacuate fluidic contents from the dissected space, wherein the fluidic contents include insufflation gas and biological impurities. A processor/separator is coupled to the removal channel to process the fluidic contents to retain at least some of the biological impurities and to exhaust the insufflation gas.

Abstract: A method for performing cold atmospheric plasma therapy to treat breast cancer. The cancerous tumor is sampled and cold atmospheric plasma treatment is performed on sampled cancerous tumor cells ex vivo. The results of the testing are stored in an electronic storage media. A cell viability reduction rate of said tested samples is calculated with a processor and stored in memory. An average cell viability reduction rate is then calculated by the processor for the cancerous tumor. Cold atmospheric plasma dosages to be used in treatment of the cancerous tumor in vivo are then projected using the processor. The tumor is surgically removed from the patient. The surgical margins of the tumor are then treated with cold atmospheric plasma at the projected dosages.

Abstract: A subcutaneous sensor for use with a continuous glucose monitor includes a reference electrode, a working electrode, and a composition for releasing nitric oxide (NO). The reference electrode includes a reference substrate and an ion limiting layer over the reference substrate. The working electrode includes a conductive substrate, an interference layer over the conductive substrate, an enzyme layer over the interference layer, and a glucose limiting layer. The enzyme layer has an enzyme for reacting with in-vivo glucose in body fluid of a patient. The glucose limiting layer is over the enzyme layer and limits an amount of the in-vivo glucose from the body fluid of the patient that passes to the enzyme layer. The composition for releasing nitric oxide (NO) includes a NO release compound, a hydrophilic material and a hydrophobic material. The composition is on the reference electrode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of inner light layer illumination for optical imaging and detection in turbid media and apparatuses designed based on this method. This invention uses multiple beam interference to create destructive interference in the propagation path to reduce the illumination beam intensity and so to reduce absorption and scattering of the turbid media, and to create constructive interference to produce composite light intensity maximum which forms an inner light layer to illuminate the object. The theoretical analyses and mathematical calculations have proved the feasibility of the method. The designed apparatuses have great performances. Compared with the traditional technology, this method can enhance the signal strength more than 600 dB. The imaging depth can be over 5 cm in human body, and more than 500 m in clear seawater. The imaging resolutions are <1 ?m along object plane and approximate 1 ?m along direction of depth of field.

Abstract: A nitric oxide delivery system can include a cassette which is a single use disposable component used to store liquid N2O4 activate upon operator demand, convert N2O4 to NO2 via a heating element(s) controlled by a console to deliver NO2 at a controlled flow rate, direct concentrated NO2 to a contained pair of conversion cartridges and exhaust NO gas to the console for delivery to the patient.

Abstract: An aerosol generator is positioned adjacent to a patient as an attachment to a trocar. The trocar has an entry port for insufflation gas. Aerosol generated by a vibrating element is entrained in the insufflation gas and the mixture is delivered through the trocar. The aerosol may contain a medicament. The trocar may be a conventional trocar. Such trocars are typically used for a camera. The delivery of the aerosolized medicament can occur at the start of the procedure and be delivered in bolus. At the start of the procedure, the peritoneum is being inflated by means of the flow of insufflator gas. This gas flow will help to entrain the aerosolized medicament to the pneumoperitoneum regions. The surgeon can temporarily remove the camera from the trocar port to facilitate insertion and positioning of the aerosolizing unit.

Abstract: In one embodiment, system for real time monitoring of catheter aspiration includes a housing having a first port adapted for connection to a vacuum source and a second port adapted for connection with an aspiration catheter, a pressure sensor in fluid communication with an interior of the housing, a measurement device coupled to the pressure sensor and configured for measuring deviations in fluid pressure, and a communication device coupled to the measurement device and configured to generate an alert signal when a deviation in fluid pressure measured by the measurement device exceeds a pre-set threshold. In another embodiment, the system for real time monitoring of catheter aspiration further includes a vacuum source for connection to the first port and an aspiration catheter having an aspiration lumen for connection to the second port.

Abstract: According to certain arrangements, a conditioner mat for use with a bed assembly includes an upper layer comprising a plurality of openings, a lower layer being substantially fluid impermeable, at least one interior chamber defined by the upper layer and the lower layer and a spacer material positioned within the interior chamber. In one embodiment, the spacer material is configured to maintain a shape of the interior chamber and to help with the passage of fluids within a portion of interior chamber. The conditioner mat can be configured to releasably secure to a top of a bed assembly.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide systems and devices for delivering gaseous Nitric Oxide (gNO) under therapeutic parameters to reduce infection in a subject. Certain embodiments include devices and systems for delivering pressurized gNO to reduce bioburden and promote healing in the wounds of subjects having various disease conditions, including skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) and osteomyelitis. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides portable wound healing devices for delivering pressurized gNO to the site of a wound to treat various disease conditions in a subject. Other embodiments relate to systems and devices for delivering and for monitoring gaseous Nitric Oxide (gNO) under therapeutic parameters of use to treat a subject. In certain embodiment, the devices include a subject interface unit comprising sensors for detecting gNO pressure and/or gNO flow.

Abstract: A device has a power source having a high voltage terminal and a low voltage terminal, an oil-free gas compressor, a first molecular sieve, multiple ionized gas generators, an outer metal pipe, an inner metal pipe, a dielectric insulating ceramic sheet, and a gas outlet pipe. The first molecular sieve is connected between the oil-free gas compressor and the ionized gas generators, and is capable of filtering out molecules in the gas except for oxygen. The outer metal pipe and the inner metal pipe are electrically connected to the low voltage terminal and the high voltage terminal respectively. The dielectric insulating ceramic sheet is mounted between the outer metal pipe and the inner metal pipe, and forms an ionizing space, which communicates with the ionizing space, with the outer metal pipe.

Abstract: A method includes receiving, from a primary pressure sensor, a pressure measurement indicative of a pressure of a patient cavity and controlling, by an insufflator, a supply of the insufflation fluid to the patient cavity based on the pressure measurement from the primary pressure sensor. The method further includes delivering, by a trocar, the supplied insufflation fluid to the patient cavity via an access port, wherein: the access port comprises a seal and a retractor; and the access port facilitates access therethrough to the patient cavity.

Abstract: A device for applying a bubble of a substance to a tissue surface, the device comprising a cannula, a distal tip at the distal end portion of the cannula, the distal tip having a bubble support surface and an exit port extending through the bubble support surface, an expansion fluid passageway extending through the cannula to the exit port, a source of an expansion fluid and an actuator therefor. In some arrangements, the distal tip can be configured to support a layer of the substance thereon over the distal port and the device can be configured such that the advancement of the expansion fluid from the fluid source through the exit port causes at least one bubble of the substance to form on the distal tip, wherein the at least a portion of the bubble can be transferred to the tissue surface to treat a defect on the tissue surface.

Abstract: An appliance is provided for negative-pressure therapy of wounds on the human or animal body in which, on the one hand, a substance is delivered to a wound bed (W) and, on the other hand, fluids, in particular an exudate and the delivered substance, are aspirated from the wound bed by negative pressure. The appliance has a suction pump housing, with a suction pump arranged therein for aspirating the fluids from the wound bed (W), and a fluid collection container for collecting the aspirated fluids. Moreover, the appliance has a first measuring device and a second measuring device. The first measuring device serves to determine the quantity of the aspirated fluids, and the second measuring device serves to determine the quantity of the substance delivered to the body.

Abstract: A medical puncture device system includes a puncture device, a sensor, and an indicator system. The puncture device is configured to create a puncture through patient tissue and into an internal patient cavity to enable a medical tool to be inserted through the puncture into the cavity. The sensor is configured to generate a signal indicative of motion of the puncture device through the tissue into the cavity. The indicator system is operable by a controller to produce human-perceptible feedback in response to the signal generated by the sensor.

Abstract: The present application provides a radiation damage protecting agent comprising hydrogen gas as an active ingredient at a concentration of 18.5% by volume or less, for treating or alleviating, in a hyperbaric capsule under a pressure higher than standard atmospheric pressure, radiation damage in a human patient who has been exposed to radiation or who has received or receives radiotherapy, and a hyperbaric capsule for administering a hydrogen gas-containing therapeutic agent such as the radiation damage protecting agent to a patient including a human.

Abstract: A wound treatment system includes a housing. A processor is located in the housing. A pressure monitoring system is coupled to the processor. A power delivery system is located in the housing and coupled to the processor. An oxygen concentrator is located in the housing and coupled to the power delivery system. The oxygen concentrator includes a plurality of oxygen outlets. The processor is configured to receive pressure information from the pressure monitoring system that is indicative of a pressure in a restricted airflow enclosure provided by a dressing and located adjacent a wound site; and use the pressure information to control the power provided from the power delivery system to the oxygen concentrator in order to control an oxygen flow created by the oxygen concentrator and provided through one of the plurality of oxygen outlets to the restricted airflow enclosure.

Abstract: A bridge for facilitating delivery of reduced pressure to a wound site includes a reduced pressure lumen configured to be fluidly coupled to a reduced pressure source, a secondary pressure lumen configured to be fluidly coupled to a secondary pressure source, and one or more fluid adapters operable to be connected to a wound dressing disposed at the wound site. The one or more fluid adapters are positioned and configured with respect to the reduced pressure lumen to apply reduced pressure from the reduced pressure lumen to the wound site through the wound dressing and deliver exudate removed from the wound site through the reduced pressure lumen to the reduced pressure tubing. The secondary pressure lumen is fluidly coupled to the reduced pressure lumen to facilitate flow of the exudate removed from the wound site by the reduced pressure source using the secondary pressure source.

Abstract: A volume of a wound is estimated using a dynamic pressure response measured during instillation of fluid to the wound using a negative pressure wound therapy system. A previously estimated wound volume may be used to detect and prevent overfill of fluid to the wound during future instillation events. For example, real-time pressure measurements may be compared to model data representative of expected pressure at a wound having a volume equal to the previously estimated wound volume, with instillation being stopped if the observed pressure varies from the expected pressure. A comparison of a total volume of fluid instilled to the wound may also be compared to the previously estimated wound volume to prevent overfill. The comparison of wound volume estimated based on an instillation event may also be compared to a wound volume estimated using other methods to provide a higher confidence wound volume estimate.

Abstract: An ultraviolet disinfecting cartridge system utilizes an ultraviolet disinfecting cartridge particularly adapted for coupling with a face mask that covers the nose and mouth or to the inhale and exhale tubing of a patient ventilator. The ultraviolet disinfecting cartridge includes multiple UV light emitters that emit UVGI light into the flow channel of the cartridge to neutralize or destroy pathogens. A plurality of baffles may be configured in the flow channel to create a serpentine airflow to increase pathogen exposure time to UV light. A photocatalyst material such as titanium oxide may be configured within the flow channel that is activated by UV light to increase disinfection. An ionizer may be configured proximal to the inlet to produce charged particles that provide disinfection. Any ozone produced may be mitigated by a catalytic converter to a safe level. Inlet and outlet filters may be detachably attachable to the ultraviolet disinfecting cartridge.

Abstract: In an example is a system for providing treatment to a tissue site. The system may include a tissue interface for transporting fluid to the tissue site. The system may further include a cover for providing a sealed space including the tissue interface. The system may further include a negative-pressure source fluidly coupled to the tissue interface and providing negative pressure. The system may further include a hyperoxic fluid source fluidly coupled to the tissue interface and providing a hyperoxic fluid. The system may further include a controller for controlling the negative pressure and the hyperoxic fluid so as to maintain the sealed space at a negative pressure while the hyperoxic fluid is provided to the sealed space.

Abstract: A method comprises positioning a medical appliance having a primary pressure sensor at or within a patient incision site and supplying an insufflation fluid to the patient cavity. The method further comprises measuring a pressure in the patient cavity by the primary pressure sensor and controlling the supply of insufflation fluid by an insufflator to the patient cavity based at least on the measured pressure. The method further comprises determining, by a processor associated with the insufflator, that the measured pressure may be inaccurate and, in response to determining that the measured pressure may be inaccurate, controlling, by the insufflator, the supply of the insufflation fluid to the patient cavity based at least on a pressure measured by a backup pressure sensor.

Abstract: Devices and methods for cutting a lens in the eye are provided with a specific application being for cutting a lens while contained within the capsular bag. The device has an elongate element which forms a loop. The loop is advanced into a space between the lens and the capsular bag. The device may be used with, or incorporated into, fluid handling devices such as irrigation and aspiration devices and phacoemulsification hand pieces and disposables.

Abstract: There are provided pressurized surgical instruments for use in pressurized surgical environments. The pressurized surgical instruments include pressurizing systems for maintaining a neutral or positive pressure flow within the surgical instrument during use. The pressurizing systems include a primary sensor for detecting the pressure of the surgical environment and a pressurizing mechanism for balancing the pressure of the surgical instrument with the surgical environment. The pressurizing mechanism includes a controller to receive and compare the signal sent from the primary sensor to the ambient or internal instrument pressure and a pressure delivery system to provide positive pressure to the interior of the surgical instrument in response to a signal received from the controller. The sources of pressure for the pressure delivery systems may be external or self contained within the surgical instrument.

Abstract: A beauty care or skin treatment apparatus using plasma includes: a body having a handle part on which a ground is formed; an electrode unit which is formed on one surface of the body and forms atmospheric plasma by application electric power thereto; an image input unit which is provided in the body so as to photograph an image of the skin which faces the image input unit; and a transmission unit which is configured to transmit an image signal inputted from the image input unit to a terminal connected thereto.

Abstract: Apparatus, system, and methods are provided for reducing infectious agents at a sterile site by preventing infectious agents from coming into contact with the sterile site. A barrier is produced for infectious agents that may come in proximity or otherwise communicate with the site. The apparatus is configured to create a void-free barrier in which infectious agents are reduced with minimal exposure of potentially harmful effects of the barrier to the sterile site, objects, or users of the apparatus.

Abstract: This disclosure includes wound dressings and systems for effluent management of topical wound therapy and related methods. Some devices, which are configured to dilute therapeutic gas effluent flowing from a dressing, comprise a therapeutic gas source configured to provide therapeutic gas to the dressing; a container comprising a sidewall that defines a chamber configured to receive therapeutic gas effluent from the dressing; a negative pressure source configured to be coupled to the container such that the negative pressure source can be activated to draw fluid from the dressing through the chamber of the container; and a diluent gas source configured to deliver a diluent gas to dilute therapeutic gas effluent before the therapeutic gas effluent enters the negative pressure source.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving or preventing a condition, such as the treatment of pain syndromes and migraine headaches are disclosed. A method for treating pain can include one or more of the steps including identifying a region of the patient comprising glabrous tissue; positioning the region of the patient comprising glabrous tissue into an enclosed chamber; adjusting the relative humidity of the enclosed chamber sufficient to create a physiologic effect. The method need not involve altering the temperature within the enclosed chamber.

Abstract: A method for treating surface tissue of a patient includes: providing an electrode having a contact surface, wherein the contact surface has a curved profile; placing the contact surface in contact with surface tissue of the patient; and sliding the contact surface across and in contact with the surface tissue while applying electrosurgical currents to the surface tissue via the contact surface to thereby vaporize and ablate the surface tissue and form a treated band of the surface tissue.

Abstract: A system for insufflating a vessel in a human or animal body, such as the rectum comprises a first pressure sensor located adjacent a leading end of an endoscope for monitoring pressure in the rectum. A second pressure sensor located on a carrier element which is urgeable through the endoscope into the colon monitors pressure therein. Insufflating air which may leak into the abdominal cavity is exhausted therefrom by a needle. A third pressure sensor monitors pressure in the abdominal cavity. A microcontroller controls the supply of insufflating air to the rectum for maintaining pressure in the rectum at a first predefined pressure, for preventing pressure in the colon exceeding a second predefined pressure, and for controlling a vacuum pump for drawing insufflating air from the abdominal cavity to prevent pressure therein exceeding a third predefined pressure.

Abstract: A flat pad structure, designed to generate a dielectric barrier discharge plasma on a contact side (109) of said pad structure, comprises a flat electrode arrangement (112) which is embedded in a flat dielectric (102), can be supplied with high-voltage signals and is shielded on all sides against an unimpeded current flow; said pad structure has better stability and can be better adapted to elongate treatment areas because a width of the structure extends in a longitudinal direction (L) and in the longitudinal direction (L) the structure has a plurality of identically structured portions (101), each with a dielectric portion in the width of the pad structure and each with at least one electrode portion; the electrode portions of said portions (101) adjoin one another in the longitudinal direction (L) and form an electrode arrangement (112) extending over the entire length such that, in order to reduce the size of the contact surface in the longitudinal direction (L), at least one portion (101) can be separate

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to adapter assemblies for use with and to electrically and mechanically interconnect electromechanical surgical devices and surgical loading units, and to surgical systems including hand held electromechanical surgical devices and adapter assemblies for connecting surgical loading units to the hand held electromechanical surgical devices.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a trocar assembly having a proximal end and a distal end comprises an inner tubular member and an outer tubular member. The inner tubular member is formed with an opening at the proximal end and an opening at the distal end, the openings adapted to provide access for one or more surgical instruments during a surgical procedure. The outer tubular member is disposed about the inner tubular member, the outer tubular member being partitioned into at least a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein: the inner tubular member is separated from the outer tubular member by an inner wall; the first chamber is separated from the second chamber; and the first chamber and the second chamber are defined by the inner wall and an outer wall of the outer tubular member.

Abstract: Insufflation systems including a plurality of flow rate sensors are disclosed. Each flow rate sensor is configured to measure flow across a different flow rate range, with the combined flow rate ranges of the sensors encompassing the entire flow rate capability of the insufflation system. A controller selects the most appropriate flow rate sensor based on the gas flow required to be delivered to the patient.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method includes positioning a trocar having a primary pressure sensor in or on the trocar into a patient cavity. The method also includes supplying an insufflation fluid to the patient cavity and measuring a pressure in the patient cavity by the primary pressure sensor. The method further includes controlling the supply of insufflation fluid by an insufflator to the patient cavity based at least on the measured pressure and determining by a processor associated with the insufflator that the measured pressure may be inaccurate and in response, controlling, by the insufflator, the supply of insufflation fluid to the patient cavity based at least on a pressure measured by a backup pressure sensor rather than based on the measured pressure.

Abstract: A device used for applying an antiseptic preparation to a surgical site of a patient prior to surgery outside of an operating theater. A loose-fitting bag is provided which encloses the surgical site by securing the open end(s) to the patient by closing means. A high friction scrub surface is provided in the bag. A method and apparatus are also provided for releasing antiseptic into the interior of the bag. The method provides that the surgical site can be scrubbed within the bag so as to properly prepare the skin for surgery. A temperature indicator for the antiseptic preparation is also provided.