Abstract: An orthopaedic reamer driver includes a tubular housing having at least one first positioning feature. A driveshaft within the housing has a drive end. A variable angle cap is pivotally coupled with the housing adjacent the drive end. The variable angle cap includes at least one leg extending along a side of the housing. Each leg has a second positioning feature selectively engaging and disengaging with a corresponding first positioning feature at a selected one of a plurality of angular positions. Each second positioning feature maintains the variable angle cap at the selected angular position when engaged with the corresponding first positioning feature. A variable angle joint is coupled to the drive end, and a reamer drive head is coupled to the variable angle joint.

Abstract: An acetabular instrument has a handle portion having one or more solid nonflexible drive shaft elements therethrough. The shaft elements are connected by a U-joint at one of both ends to form a flexible curved drive shaft. One end of a solid shaft element is connected to a knob so that rotation of the knob drives the flexible shaft. The flexible shaft is housed within a hollow curved body preferably made of stainless steel. One end of the curved body it is connected to the handle portion and at the other end to an acetabular cup or acetabular reamer holder. The reamer holder is rotatably driven by the flexible drive shaft. The knob may be made so that it may receive blows from a mallet allowing the instrument to be used as an impactor. The drive shaft may be used to actuate a locking mechanism within the cup or reamer holder which connects the reamer cup to the instrument.

Abstract: Methods and devices for sculpting bones, particularly in preparation for implanting prosthetic devices to replace articulating bone joint surfaces. Improved bone removal devices including burr mills driven by gears and loop drives are provided. Reciprocating cutters and belt cutters are also provided. Some devices have either integral or removable expandable portions to vary the force and bone resection depth. Devices can have irrigation ports and plenums to remove bone fragments. Some cutters are dual cutters, adapted to remove bone in two or more regions, such as the knee joint, simultaneously.

Abstract: A method of reaming an acetabulum includes the steps of: providing an acetabular reamer including a partially hemispherical shell having a shell radius, and a base including a first circumferential base segment and a second circumferential base segment, the shell including a first part on one side of the first circumferential base segment and the second circumferential base segment, and a second part on another side of the first circumferential base segment and the second circumferential base segment, the acetabular reamer further including a first non-planar surface connected to the first part, the first non-planar surface having a first curvature not equal to the shell radius, and a second non-planar surface connected to the second part, the second non-planar surface having a second curvature not equal to the shell radius; connecting the acetabular reamer to a driver; and reaming the acetabulum.

Abstract: The surgical device according to the invention comprises both means for per-operative measurement and for memorization of a plurality of positions of a given femoral prosthetic direction and means for per-operative comparison of these positions with the cone of mobility of the prosthesis to be implanted, the position of the axis of revolution of this cone being, during the implantation of the prosthesis, adjustable with respect to the zone of the pelvis where the implantation of an acetabulum of the prosthesis is provided. By using this device, the surgeon can easily and rapidly determine, in the course of the surgical operation, a preferential direction for implanting the prosthetic acetabulum in order to reduce the subsequent risks of dislocations of the implanted prosthesis.

Abstract: An acetabular reaming system is disclosed of the type having a driver and a tool held together by a quick-release coupling mechanism. The tool (10) has a hollow body (12) defining a domed shape with a rotational axis (14), an apex (16) aligned with the axis (14) and a hemispherical wall (18) extending from the apex (16) to an equatorial rim (20) spaced 90 degrees from the axis (14). The rim (20) has an edge (22) visible to the user that indicates the position of the tool (10) relative to the bone. A first plurality of cutting sites (24) is arrayed along the body (12) and a second plurality of cutting sites (28) is arrayed circumferentially along the edge (22). Preferably, the first plurality of cutting sites (24) present raised first teeth (30, 130, 230, 330) having a profile selected from continuous squared (30), continuous rounded (130), discontinuous squared (230) and tongued (330) profiles.

Abstract: An acetabular reamer (10?) for cutting a required cut shape is described. The reamer (10?) has a cutting shell (12?) having a series of doubly curved cutting teeth (16?) thereon of a quantity to substantially reduce a cutting pressure on each tooth as well as to reduce a size of a typical chip generated upon cutting. Substantially all of the teeth have a matched arc cutting edge (20?) of substantial length that has a cutting profile which substantially matches a profile of a shape to be cut. The apertures in which the cutting edges are formed have at least one straight edge (80) by which a punch, used in the process of forming the edge, may be oriented. Such a configuration reduces the number of teeth required to cut the shape.

Abstract: A guided reamer (10) has a central cannulation (12, 12a) adapted to receive a drill pin (14) secured in a manner which is axially aligned with the stem (22) of the bulbus bone joint (20). The reamer (10)has a profile cutting form (24) with cutting teeth (40) formed therein for cutting a form of a defined profile. The reamer (10) has a circumferential rim (34) having rim cutting teeth (36) disposed to cut to an outside of the rim and an inside of the rim, having face cutting teeth (37) adapted to cut an annular channel into bone and a plurality of planing teeth (52) radially disposed on an internal surface adjacent an axial end boss (44). The cannulation (12, 12a) is supported at the apex of the cutting form (24) and is formed in a guide assembly (70, 70?) affixed to the apex. The guide assembly (70, 70?) is adapted for imparting rotation to the reamer (12).

Abstract: An acetabular reamer (10) for cutting a required cut shape. The reamer has a cutting shell (12) having a series of doubly curved cutting teeth (16) thereon of a quantity to substantially reduce a cutting pressure on each tooth as well as to reduce a size of a typical chip generated upon cutting. Substantially all the teeth each have a matched arc cutting edge (20?) of substantial length that has a cutting profile which substantially matches a profile of a shape to be cut. Such a configuration reduces the number of teeth required to cut the shape.

Abstract: An acetabular reamer (10?) for cutting a required cut shape. The reamer has a cutting shell (12?) having a series of doubly curved cutting teeth (16?) thereon of a quantity to substantially reduce a cutting pressure on each tooth as well as to reduce a size of a typical chip generated upon cutting. Substantially all the teeth each have a matched arc cutting edge (20?) of substantial length that has a cutting profile which substantially matches a profile of a shape to be cut. The apertures in which the cutting edges are formed has at least one flat edge by which a punch, used in the process of forming the edge may be oriented. Such a configuration reduces the number of teeth required to cut the shape.

Abstract: An acetabular reamer (10?) for cutting a required cut shape. The reamer has a cutting shell (12?) having a series of doubly curved cutting teeth (16?) thereon of a quantity to substantially reduce a cutting pressure on each tooth as well as to reduce a size of a typical chip generated upon cutting. Substantially all the teeth each have a matched arc cutting edge (20?) of substantial length that has a cutting profile which substantially matches a profile of a shape to be cut. Such a configuration reduces the number of teeth required to cut the shape.

Abstract: An acetabular reamer (10) has a cutting structure (12) rotatable about a longitudinal axis (14) with a domed shell portion (16). The shell (16) has an outer surface (18) presenting multiple cutting sites (20) and an inner surface (22) for accumulation of debris. The shell (16) has a static insertion profile area that is defined by a pair of first curved portions (24) generated about a first radius (30) with a center that lies on the axis (14) and a pair of second curved portions (26) generated about a center that is spaced apart from the axis. The cutting structure (12) has a circular dynamic profile area generated upon rotation of the reamer (10) by a handle (40). Both the static insertion area and dynamic profile area lie transverse to the axis (14), the former being smaller than the latter.

Abstract: A short main incision and portal incisions at portal positions strategically displaced from the main incision are provided in a patient's hip. One portal incision (acetabular portal) provides for a disposition of reamers in the patient's acetabulum to shape the acetabulum. A cannula is inserted through the portal incision to the acetabulum and the successive reamers of progressive size are inserted into the acetabulum through the main incision to progressively size and shape the acetabulum. An approximately hemispherical acetabular component is then disposed in the prepared acetabulum to provide for hip rotation relative to the femoral component. The other portal incision (femoral portal) provides for insertion into the patient's hip of a member for driving the femoral stem into a cavity in the patient's femur. The provision of the short main incision and the portal incision minimizes the patient's loss of blood, tissue trauma, length of operating time and patient recovery time.

Abstract: An acetabular reamer is provided. The acetabular reamer includes a body having a peripheral surface. The peripheral surface is defined by a radius extending from an origin. The body defines an axis of rotation of the body. The body defines an end surface operably connected to peripheral surface of the body. The body further defines a relief surface spaced from the axis of rotation and operably connected to peripheral surface. The acetabular reamer also includes a cutter operably associated with the body for reaming a portion of the acetabulum and a support structure secured to the relief surface.

Abstract: An orthopaedic cutting tool which includes a partially hemispherical shell having a shell radius, and a base including a first circumferential base segment and a second circumferential base segment. The shell has a first part on one side of the first circumferential base segment and the second circumferential base segment, and a second part on another side of the first circumferential base segment and the second circumferential base segment. A first non-planar surface is connected to the first part, and the first non-planar surface has a first curvature not equal to the shell radius. A second non-planar surface is connected to the second part, and the second non-planar surface has a second curvature not equal to the shell radius.

Abstract: An orthopaedic reamer assembly includes a reamer with a generally hemispherical shell having a concave side and at least one attachment feature associated with the concave side. A driver is attachable to the reamer. The driver includes a shaft with a reamer end. The reamer end removably attaches to at least one attachment feature.

Abstract: An acetabular reamer (10?) for cutting a required cut shape. The reamer has a cutting shell (12?) having a series of doubly curved cutting teeth (16?) thereon of a quantity to substantially reduce a cutting pressure on each tooth as well as to reduce a size of a typical chip generated upon cutting. Substantially all the teeth each have a matched arc cutting edge (20?) of substantial length that has a cutting profile which substantially matches a profile of a shape to be cut. Such a configuration reduces the number of teeth required to cut the shape.

Abstract: An acetabular reamer has a cutting structure rotatable about a longitudinal axis with a domed shell portion. The shell has an outer surface presenting multiple cutting sites and an inner surface for accumulation of debris. The shell has a static insertion profile area that is defined by a pair of first curved portions generated about a first radius with a center that lies on the axis and a pair of second curved portions generated about a center spaced apart from the axis. The cutting structure has a circular dynamic profile area generated upon rotation of the reamer by a handle. Both the static insertion area and dynamic profile area lie transferase to the axis, the former being smaller than the latter. Several distinctive alignment structures are described, alone and in combination with reamers having a conventional hemispherical shell, as well as in combination with present reamers that are less invasive.

Abstract: A surgical cutting tool for cutting a seating surface of curved contour configuration in natural bone for receiving a component of a prosthetic implant at an implant site. The tool has cutting blades in a cutting blade construct placed within an arbor such that the cutting blades are supported by the arbor circumferentially spaced from one another, with cutting edges of the cutting blades exposed for cutting the seating surface. Stabilizers along the arbor stabilize the tool during a cutting operation, while channels in the arbor along the cutting blades carry away cut bone.

Abstract: A short main incision and portal incisions at portal positions strategically displaced from the main incision are provided in a patient's hip. One portal incision (acetabular portal) provides for a disposition of reamers in the patient's acetabulum to shape the acetabulum. A cannula is inserted through the portal incision to the acetabulum and the successive reamers of progressive size are inserted into the acetabulum through the main incision to progressively size and shape the acetabulum. An approximately hemispherical acetabular component is then disposed in the prepared acetabulum to provide for hip rotation relative to the femoral component. The other portal incision (femoral portal) provides for insertion into the patient's hip of a member for driving the femoral stem into a cavity in the patient's femur. The provision of the short main incision and the portal incision minimizes the patient's loss of blood, tissue trauma, length of operating time and patient recovery time.

Abstract: A acetabular reamer (10) for reaming an acetabulum, reaction forces being exerted onto the acetabular reamer by the acetabulum when the acetabulum is reamed, the acetabular reamer comprising: a body (12), the body (12) defining a rotation axis (13) about which the acetabular reamer (10) is rotatable; a reaming element (14, 14?, 14?) operatively coupled to the body (12) so as to be movable between a reaming element inner position and a reaming element outer position relatively thereto, the reaming element (14, 14?, 14?) being positioned further away from the rotation axis in the reaming element outer position than in the reaming element inner position; an actuator (16) operatively coupled to the reaming element (14, 14?, 14?) for moving the reaming element (14, 14?, 14?) between the reaming element inner and outer positions; and a reaming element lock (18) configurable between a locked configuration and an unlocked configuration, the reaming element lock (18) being operatively coupled to the reaming element (1

Abstract: The present invention concerns a device for reaming the intramedullary canal of a bone, including a body elongated along an axis roughly parallel to the longitudinal axis of the canal, with variable cross section, and of a shape that can cooperate with the inner wall of the intramedullary canal of the bone, characterized in that a helicoidal channel is formed on the body in order to receive a removable and disposable band provided with cutting elements. The present invention also concerns a mounting system for the band onto body of the device.

Abstract: An instrument for removing tissue from a bone to create a cavity which is approximately circular in outline in which tissue within a predetermined region within the circular outline is left relatively undisturbed. The instrument includes a rotational drive unit which oscillates through an angle ?. A cutting head can be connected to the drive unit to cause the head to rotate.

Abstract: A surgical device for holding and rotating an acetabular reaming head is provided, comprising a shaft having a length which runs from a first end adapted for holding an acetabular reaming head to a second end. At least part of the shaft is divergent from the axis defined by the first and second ends of the shaft, for example the shaft may include a C-shaped divergent portion. A head held by the device can therefore access the acetabular in its true anatomical position while avoiding encroachment of the shaft on surrounding body parts.

Abstract: A surgical instrument for grinding the cotyloid cavity includes an instrument head and a drive shaft. In order to offer easier access during a minimally invasive operation, the drive shaft, which can include an optionally provided shank, is located at an angle with respect to the rotation axis of the instrument head. In order to facilitate the alignment of the instrument head and the exertion of the advancing force, a handle can be provided that is located in the direction of the rotational axis of the instrument head but is connected to the instrument head or to the shank at a location outside of the rotational axis.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for forming one or more trans-sacral axial instrumentation/fusion (TASIF) axial bore through vertebral bodies in general alignment with a visualized, anterior or posterior axial instrumentation/fusion line (AAIFL or PAIFL) in a minimally invasive, low trauma, manner and providing a therapy to the spine employing the axial bore. Anterior or posterior starting positions aligned with the AAIFL or PAIFL are accessed through respective anterior and posterior tracts. Curved or relatively straight anterior and curved posterior TASIF axial bores are formed from the anterior and posterior starting positions. The therapies performed through the TASIF axial bores include discoscopy, full and partial discectomy, vertebroplasty, balloon-assisted vertebroplasty, drug delivery, electrical stimulation and various forms of spinal disc cavity augmentation, spinal disc replacement, fusion of spinal motion segments and implantation of radioactive seeds.

Abstract: An acetabular rim cutter has an annular cutting face provided on a rotatable carrier. A coupler is provided for attaching the carrier to a rotational power source. A guide element is axially aligned with the cutting face to locate and align the cutting face on the acetabulum with which it is to be used. Preferably, the guide element is axially movable in relation to the cutting face and a resilient element is provided for biasing it axially away therefrom.

Abstract: An adjustable reamer spindle is provided to aid a surgeon in controlling an instrument. The reamer spindle is easily disassembled for cleaning. The spindle has a repositionable handle, a locking ring, and an elastic device. The locking ring aids in holding the reamer spindle together. Removal of the locking ring against an elastic bias of a spring unfastens an end of the assembly in order to facilitate disassembly and/or cleaning. Adjustment of the position of the handle about the spindle enables the palm/grip of each hand to be changed in order to provide maximum control in different orientations.

Abstract: An adjustable reamer spindle is provided to aid the surgeon in controlling the instrument. The reamer spindle is easily disassembled for cleaning. The spindle has a repositionable handle, a locking ring, and an elastic device. The elastic device biases against a handle locking mechanism that locks the repositionable handle at angular positions about an axis of the spindle. The elastic device further biases a locking ring into a locked position. The locking ring aids in holding the reamer spindle together. Removal of the locking ring against an elastic bias of the elastic means unfastens an end of the assembly in order to facilitate disassembly and/or cleaning. Adjustment of the position of the handle about the spindle enables the palm/grip of each hand to be changed in order to provide maximum control in different orientations.

Abstract: An acetabular shell or cup removal instrument is disclosed. The instrument includes a first end capable of being received within an acetabular cup and a cutting element pivotally attached. Cutting motion is provided to the instrument by a powered handpiece, so that the cutting element is capable of cutting a bone surface adjacent to an outer surface of the acetabular cup when the first end is within the acetabular cup.

Abstract: A precision adjustable surgical tool holder/driver is provided which is easily disassembled for cleaning and precisely reassembled. The holder/driver has a positionable handle allowing adjustment of the position of the handle about the spindle of the holder to enable the “handedness” of the holder to be changed in order to accommodate a user while operating from the left or right side of the patient, standing behind or in-front of the patient, or for use in different surgical methods. The holder/driver includes a “limited-play” capture mechanism, which connects the drive end of the housing to its locking sleeve via a limited-play locking device. The limited-play locking device utilizes a disengageable, precision fitted bayonet pin and seat combination in part to accomplish the precision reassembly feature of the present invention.

Abstract: A disposable acetabular reamer having a cutter blade (16) molded into the surface of a support (11). The cutter blade is formed of a single flat sheet of metallic material having a series of teeth (24) formed thereon which protrude above the surface of the support such that when the acetabular reamer is rotated, the teeth contact and reduce the surface of a boney socket. The invention includes a novel method of forming the reamer which includes shaping the cutter blade once teeth are formed therein and integrating the cutter blade into the support coincident with the shaping process. The assembled unit is so economical that it may be discarded after use.

Abstract: A surgical device for holding and rotating an acetabular reaming head is provided, comprising a shaft having a length which runs from a first end adapted for holding an acetabular reaming head to a second end. At least part of the shaft is divergent from the axis defined by the first and second ends of the shaft, for example the shaft may include a C-shaped divergent portion. A head held by the device can therefore access the acetabular in its true anatomical position while avoiding encroachment of the shaft on surrounding body parts.

Abstract: An expanding reamer prepares an acetabulum for a prosthetic component during hip arthroplasty. One or more blades expand in directions non-parallel to the plane of the respective blades and form an effective cutting sphere preferably greater-than-180-degrees for greater flexibility in placement of the reamer shaft relative to the center of axis of the acetabulum. Two parallel blades may move out away from each other and from the reamer rotational axis, staying parallel to each other to become more distanced, but still parallel, segments of a larger cuffing sphere. Or, two blades may start generally parallel to each other and to the rotational axis of the device, but pivot out from each other in directions generally perpendicular to their respective blade planes, again becoming more distanced, but not parallel, segments of a larger cuffing sphere.

Abstract: A femoral neck fixation prosthesis and method of using same which reduces bone loss and the avoids the other shortcomings of the prior art by allowing the fixation of a stable femoral head replacement while reducing the amount of the femur which must be reamed for the insertion of the prosthesis. The preferred embodiment provides that the femoral head is attached to a fixation prosthesis, which extends coaxially through the canal of the femoral neck, into the femur, and is then attached to the opposite lateral wall of the femur. In this manner, the prosthesis serves to imitate the original structure of the femoral neck. No other support members, either crosspins or arms extending into the length of the femur, are required.

Abstract: An acetabular impactor aids a surgeon in controlling the installation of an acetabular cup prosthesis having a central, female aperture. The impactor includes an impactor head, housing and a locking mechanism. The housing is attached to the impactor head, the housing enclosing a drive train having, at a far end, a prosthesis engaging thread, and at the opposite end, a handle which facilitates turning of the drive train by the operator. The locking mechanism is associated with the housing which selectively locks the drive train, and thus the prosthesis, in position. The opposite end of the drive train has a latch device which enables quick removal from the housing for cleaning and sterilization.

Abstract: A low cost disposable spherical hollow reamer for medical applications includes a reusable shaft and a disposable spherical hollow reamer. The hollow reamer is thin sheet metal with 0.125 mm to 0.812 mm thickness and has plurality of cutters and apertures that extend through its thickness. The shaft has a proximal end for attachment to a drill and a distal precision threaded screw end. The spherical hollow reamer has welded first plate in its interior with a precision threaded aperture engaging with the threaded end of the reusable shaft. The spherical hollow reamer has a welded second plate with a central precision aperture that slides over the shaft external surface. The threaded attachment and sliding fit attachment provides wobble free reaming action. The welded second plate in combination with the interior surface of the spherical hollow reamer forms enclosed space for capturing bone fragment and bone cement debris.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for repairing a cavity in bone may can include a longitudinal shaft having a distal end and a proximal end. A cutting tool can be selectively attachable to the distal end. A one-piece guide can have a body defining an opening and including a locator member extending therefrom. The locator member can be engageable to a first portion of the bone providing a reference point relative to the cutting tool while the cutting tool engages a second portion of the bone during cutting. The body can be slidably advanced onto the longitudinal shaft through the opening from the proximal end to an operating location in an assembled position. During operation, the body can define a handle concentric with the longitudinal shaft.

Abstract: An adjustable reamer spindle is provided to aid the surgeon in controlling the instrument. The reamer spindle is easily disassembled for cleaning. The spindle has a repositionable handle, a locking ring, and an elastic device. The elastic device biases against a handle locking mechanism that locks the repositionable handle at angular positions about an axis of the spindle. The elastic device further biases a locking ring into a locked position. The locking ring aids in holding the reamer spindle together. Removal of the locking ring against an elastic bias of the elastic means unfastens an end of the assembly in order to facilitate disassembly and/or cleaning. Adjustment of the position of the handle about the spindle enables the palm/grip of each hand to be changed in order to provide maximum control in different orientations.

Abstract: A preferred acetabular reamer is disclosed for cutting a bone socket, defining an apex and rotatable about a drive axis. The reamer has a domed support portion adjacent the apex and a plurality of cutting members, which may be of the cheese grater or bladed type, each pivotally mounted on the support portion. A hub structure including a sleeve portion is movable along the axis toward and away from the apex. A plurality of spokes operatively connects the cutting members and the hub, respectively. Actuation of the hub, in turn, radially collapses the spokes causing the cutting members to assume an insertion profile during passage of the reamer through a surgical incision, and then radially expands the spokes causing the cutting members to assume a larger, cutting profile while reaming the bone socket. A surgical kit and method employing the inventive reamer are also disclosed.

Abstract: A surgical reamer (10) for cutting a bone socket is provided, defining a drive axis, an apex. The reamer (10) further includes (a) a fixed support portion (12) aligned with the drive axis and having at least one radial cutting blade (16c); (b) a pivoting portion (20) aligned with the drive axis and pivotable about this axis, the pivoting portion supporting at least one radial cutting blade (20c); and (c) a pivoting joint (22) wherein the pivoting portion may be pivoted toward and away from the fixed portion (12) so as to expand or contract the reamer in relative overall size and wherein the reamer has a cutting orientation in which the cutting blades (16c, 20c) are supported against relative rotational movement when cutting bone. A surgical kit and method employing the inventive reamer are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for minimally invasive total joint replacement. The method involves sculpting the articular surface of a second bone that normally articulates with a first bone by attaching a bone sculpting tool directly or indirectly to the first bone with the tool in bone sculpting engagement with the articular surface of the second bone, and then sculpting the articular surface of the second bone with the joint reduced and moving one bone with respect to the other. An implant is placed to replace the articular surface of the second bone using an impaction device directly or indirectly attached to the first bone, wherein the force to place the implant is reacted by the second bone and the first bone.

Abstract: The surgical reamer has a hollow dome with apertures spaced apart arranged in arcs extending from an apex of the dome to the base portion of the dome, and removable teeth positioned in the apertures. Each cutting tooth has a flange that is aligned flush with the external surface of the dome, and a raised cutting edge extending above the flange and the external surface of the dome, and an interior passageway communicating between the outside and inside of the dome. In one embodiment, a base plate is removably secured on the base portion of the dome to provide closure of the central cavity of the dome.

Abstract: A device and technique for the preparation and implantation of osteochondral allografts for resurfacing of a human joint. The grafts are prepared to a uniform shell thickness using the described invention.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for preparing bone and cartilage transplants for the reconstruction of the acetabulum, femoral head, or both with tissue engineered osteochondral constructs or and osteochondral allograft transplant.

Abstract: An acetabular reamer for surgical use includes (a) a substantially hemispherical dome defining an equatorial plane, and (b) a reamer spindle interface structure fixedly attached to the inside of the dome so as to substantially inset the interface structure within the dome. This insetting of the interface structure helps minimize the size of an assembly of the reamer and a reamer spindle when performing minimally invasive joint surgery.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for minimally invasive total joint replacement is disclosed. The method involves sculpting the articular surface of a second bone that normally articulates with a first bone by attaching or supporting a bone sculpting tool directly or indirectly to the first bone with the tool in sculpting engagement with the articular surface of the second bone, and then sculpting the articular surface of the second bone with the joint reduced. The reamer system includes a reamer drive, a grater, a handle and a femoral broach.

Abstract: A disposable reamer is provided, made up of a base and a thin-walled, perforated cutting body of flat metal stock affixed thereto. The base and body may be molded together or assembled together in a mechanical manner. The body is optionally formed so as to comprise a plurality of appendages connected at a center so as to improve die forming of the body into a final desired shape while at the same time minimizing stress-induced deformation in the body.

Abstract: A tool holder releasably coupling a surgical tool such as a reaming tool to a drive shaft which tool has radially extending mounting elements. The holder includes a head portion coupled to an end of the drive shaft, the head portion having a body with an outwardly open groove extending thereacross for receiving the radially extending mounting elements on the tool. The mounting elements may be in the form of rods adapted to be received within the groove which rods extend across a base of the tool. The head portion includes a bore extending through the body in communication with the groove. A biased lock pin is slidably mounted in the bore of the head portion and is biased into a position whereby the locked pin engages the rod and locks it in place. A spring-biased lock collar is provided having stop surfaces thereon for engaging two stop surfaces on the lock pin a first locking the lock pin in the locked position and a second maintaining the lock pin in the open position.

Abstract: A reamer assembly includes a tool driver and a tool. Tool driver comprises a shaft. The tool receiving end of the shaft has a flange. Formed in the flange are four L-shaped bayonet catches which receive the tool. The tool has a body having slots. A cutter can slidably fit in the slots. When installed in the slots, the cutters project slightly above the body. The projecting portions of the cutters form the cutting edges for shaving or cutting tissue. The reamer is formed by attaching a tool to the tool driver by lowering it in the L-shaped bayonet catches. The reamer can be coupled to a drive means such as a hand drill and inserted in a body cavity. Operating the reamer against body tissue results in shaving of body tissue.