Abstract: A Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator (WCD) system comprises an electrode assembly with a permeable ECG electrode and a moisture barrier. In some embodiments, the moisture barrier is configured to reduce drying out of the permeable ECG electrode to improve performance of the WCD system. In a further enhancement, some embodiments of the electrode assembly also include a pillow structure positioned on a non-skin-contacting surface of the electrode assembly to comfortably reduce movement artifact or noise in the received ECG signal.

Abstract: The device limits the leakage current in an electronic system for recording electrophysiological signals, where the transducer element is an active device, the device comprising an active transducer (1), intended to contact a human tissue, connected to a transimpedance amplifier (2), and a first resistor (6) connected parallel to the transimpedance amplifier (2), an alternate voltage source (7) and a direct voltage source (8), both connected to the active transducer (1), a first capacitor (3) connected between the alternate voltage source (7) and the active transducer (1), a second resistor (4) connected between the direct voltage source (8) and the active transducer (1), parallel with the first capacitor (3) and the alternate voltage source (7), and a second capacitor (5), connected between the active transducer (1) and the transimpedance amplifier (2).

Abstract: An apparatus includes: at least one electrode element; a layer of anisotropic material; a first layer of conductive adhesive positioned between a skin-facing surface of the at least one electrode element and an outwardly facing surface of the layer of anisotropic material; and a skin contact layer. The skin contact layer includes a biocompatible conductive adhesive and is disposed on a skin-facing side of the layer of anisotropic material. The first layer of conductive adhesive facilitates electrical contact between the skin-facing surface of the at least one electrode element and the outwardly facing surface of the layer of anisotropic material. A plurality of openings extend through the layer of anisotropic material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wearable medical device comprising a harness configured to be worn about a torso of a subject, a therapy electrode assembly configured to be attached to the harness, and a multi-channel accelerometer coupled to the therapy electrode assembly, the multi-channel accelerometer configured to provide signals indicative of heart sounds of the subject on at least one channel, and to provide signals indicative of one or more of respiration, position, and activity level of the subject on another channel different from the at least one channel. The wearable medical device is configured to transmit at least data regarding the heart sounds to an external system for processing and analysis.

Abstract: A conductive gel composition for use with a TTField-generating system is disclosed. Also disclosed are kits containing the gel composition and methods of producing and using the gel composition. The composition includes a semi-solid conductive gel for application to a patient's skin and for placement between the patient's skin and at least one transducer array that generates an alternating electric field having a frequency in a range of from about 50 kHz to about 500 kHz, wherein the conductive gel comprises a free salt present at a concentration in a range of from about 0.1 mM to about 1 M.

Abstract: There is provided herein a small form factor portable automatic external defibrillator (AED) having a controller, a charging circuit and a discharge circuit to discharge capacitors using a respective pair of electrode pads. The defibrillator may be separable into two portions at a bisection. Each portion may have a respective electrode pad on corresponding upper surfaces thereof for electrical contact with the chest. A circuit completion wire may complete the electric circuit between the two portions. The defibrillator may comprise a peel-off layer covering both adjacent electrodes. The peel-off layer is adhered to the board at peripheral edges thereof. As such, when pressure is applied to the bisection, the board snaps into the two portions and the peel-off layer simultaneously peels from the portions. In this way, the defibrillator may be deployed quickly with a single break apart manoeuvre.

Abstract: A high-frequency energy transfer device includes a signal transfer part for transferring a signal to the skin through an electrode assembly, which comprises electrodes to which signals having at least one frequency according to at least one type are applied, and which function as multiple center shafts having one-side surfaces that cross each other and are to come into contact with the skin to be cared, and dielectric materials disposed at one side and the other side of each of the electrodes; and a housing forming a frame for receiving the signal transfer part.

Abstract: A surgical apparatus includes a housing, a test port retainer, a pressure test chamber, and an image capture assembly. The housing includes a pressure test port. The test port retainer includes a test port retainer housing, a probe seal, and a liquid exclusion barrier. In one aspect, the test port retainer also includes a hydrophobic membrane mounted within the test port retainer housing. The pressure test chamber includes a manifold and a central tube. The first end of the central tube is affixed to the image capture assembly to form a pressure seal, and the second end of the central tube is coupled to the test port retainer so that the pressure test port communicates with the interior volume of the central tube through the test port retainer.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an outer adhesive layer comprising a conductive gel or conductive adhesive, at least one layer of anisotropic material, a layer of dielectric material, and a skin contact layer comprising a conductive gel or conductive adhesive. The at least one layer of anisotropic material and the layer of dielectric material are positioned between the outer adhesive layer and the skin contact layer. The layer of dielectric material contacts at least a first layer of the at least one layer of anisotropic material to form a capacitive structure.

Abstract: A resilient fabric band providing a sensor platform for a wearer in order to sense a plurality of biometric data, the band comprising: a pair of ECG sensors coupled to an interior surface of a body of the band, each of the pair of ECG sensors located on either side of a front to back centerline of the body; a pair of bio impedance sensors coupled to the interior surface of the body of the band, each of the pair of bio impedance sensors located on either side of the front to back centerline; a strain gauge sensor coupled to the body of the band; a computer device mounted on the body of the band via a housing, the computer device including a power source, a computer processor, a memory for storing instructions for execution by the computer processor, and a network interface for transmitting data sensed by the sensors; and a plurality of communication pathways connecting the computer device to each of the sensors, the communication pathway for sending power from the power supply to the sensors as controlled by t

Abstract: Embodiments related to a haptic actuator for transmitting heat and/or mechanical vibrations to an adjacent surface are disclosed. The haptic actuator may include a heating membrane, one or more supports, and a body. The one or more supports may extend between the body and the heating membrane to physically separate the heating membrane from the body.

Abstract: Apparatuses for use in applying TTFields are disclosed. An apparatus comprises an electrode subassembly including at least one electrode element having a skin-facing side and a skin-facing surface. The apparatus further includes a skin contact subassembly comprising a skin contact conductive adhesive or gel configured to contact skin of a subject. One of the electrode subassembly or the skin contact subassembly comprises an electrically conductive polymer layer, and the other of the electrode subassembly or the skin contact subassembly comprises a second conductive adhesive or gel. The electrically conductive polymer layer is disposed against, and removably coupled to, the second conductive adhesive or gel, thereby removably coupling the electrode subassembly to the skin contact subassembly so that the skin contact conductive adhesive or gel is electrically coupled to the at least one electrode element.

Abstract: An electrode structure for electronic muscle stimulation (EMS) includes a conductive fabric layer, a water retention fabric layer, and an insulation cover. The conductive fabric layer has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other. The water retention fabric layer is connected to the first surface of the conductive fabric layer, in which the EMS points of the electrode structure are consisted of the water retention fabric layer. The insulation cover is disposed on the first surface of the conductive fabric layer and surrounding the edges of the water retention fabric layer.

Abstract: A system for generating a TTField is herein described. The system comprises a generator configured to generate an electrical signal; a first lead coupled to the generator and a first conductive pad and configured to carry the electrical signal; the first conductive pad having a first electrode element electrically coupled to a first conductive gel element to supply electrical current to the first conductive gel element; a second lead coupled to the generator and a second conductive pad and configured to carry the electrical signal; and the second conductive pad having the second electrode element electrically coupled to a second conductive gel element to supply electrical current to the second conductive gel element, wherein the first conductive gel element and the second conductive gel element are each configured to be in contact with a patient's skin and each supporting a shaping member adjacent to one or more air channel.

Abstract: A pad having a topcoat layer, an electrode element and a conductive gel element are described. The electrode element is connected to the topcoat layer, and configured to receive an electrical signal from a generator producing an electric signal as a TTField. The conductive gel element is directly connected to the electrode element so as to receive an electrical current from the electrode element. The conductive gel element is configured to be in contact with a patient's skin. The electrode element and the conductive gel element define at least one perforation extending through the electrode element and the conductive gel element.

Abstract: A pad having a topcoat layer, an electrode element and a conductive gel element are described. The electrode element is connected to the topcoat layer, and configured to receive an electrical signal from a generator producing an electric signal as a TTField. The electrode element includes an electrode layer and a non-conductive flexible polymer layer. The non-conductive flexible polymer layer is positioned between the electrode layer and the conductive gel element to electrically isolate the electrode layer from the conductive gel element.

Abstract: A system for generating a TTField utilizing at least one conductive pad is herein described. The system comprises a generator configured to generate an electrical signal; a first lead coupled to the generator and a first conductive pad and configured to carry the electrical signal; the first conductive pad having a first electrode element electrically coupled to a first conductive gel element to supply electrical current to the first conductive gel element; a second lead coupled to the generator and a second conductive pad and configured to carry the electrical signal; and the second conductive pad having the second electrode element electrically coupled to a second conductive gel element to supply electrical current to the second conductive gel element, wherein the first conductive gel element and the second conductive gel element are each configured to be in contact with a patient's skin and each have one or more air channel.

Abstract: The present biological electrode includes a conductive fabric (2) formed of base fibers which are filled with a conductor and/or to which the conductor is adhered, a thin metallic wire (3) formed into a spiral shape and covered with the conductive fabric (2) from a side of a distal end in an axis direction, and a filling material (5) with which a gap between the conductive fabric (2) and the thin metallic wire (3) is filled and which supports the conductive fabric (2) and the thin metallic wire (3), and the conductor is electrically connected with the thin metallic wire (3).

Abstract: An amplitude-modulated pulsed direct current (DC) electrotherapy system may comprise an electrotherapy glove for insertion of a practitioner's hand and an exterior surface including an electrically conductive patient-contact surface for contacting a patient's skin during an electrotherapy-assisted physical manipulation treatment of the patient's muscle within a physical manipulation target region, a signal generator operably connected to the glove via an electrically conductive interface to deliver an amplitude-modulated pulsed DC electrical signal to the target region via the patient-contact regions of the glove, the amplitude-modulated pulsed DC electrical signal having an alternating current electrical signal for inhibiting painful sensation in the patient's skin within the target region due to application of the amplitude-modulated pulsed DC electrical signal mixed with a pulsed DC electrical signal frequency and amplitude capable of inducing relaxation of the patient's muscle to increase a portion thereo

Abstract: An article comprising: (i) a body, the body comprising a material and a transmittance greater than or equal to 90% throughout an electromagnetic radiation wavelength range of 250 nm to 800 nm; and (ii) cupric oxide (CuO) in direct contact with the material of the body, the cupric oxide (CuO) comprising a thickness that is less than or equal to 1.3 nm. Also disclosed is the article further comprising: an ultra-thin metal film disposed directly on the cupric oxide (CuO). The article demonstrates a transmittance greater than or equal to 65% throughout an electromagnetic radiation wavelength range of 300 nm to 1400 nm. The ultra-thin metal film can be silver (Ag), gold (Au), copper (Cu), or platinum (Pt). The ultra-thin metal film comprises a thickness within a range of 1 nm to 5 nm. The article at the ultra-thin metal film has a sheet resistance of less than or equal to 2100 ?/?. Additionally, a method of forming the article.

Abstract: A harness for heating and/or cooling a wearer (e.g., a pet) of the harness includes an outer cover including a harness neck strap and a harness chest strap for securing the harness about the wearer of the harness, an internal surface having a breathable fabric material, at least one sensor attached to the harness chest strap, a thermal control device that cools or heats the wearer of the harness, a controller to activate the thermal control device, and straps arranged over an external surface of the outer cover.

Abstract: A light source unit not only applies red light and infrared light to promote immediate cellular activity, but also applies the light to a femoral epiphysis area (first area) and a tibial epiphysis area (second area) together so that a stimulating device for a growth plate includes a light source unit that directly emits light of 600 to 1100 nm to a femoral epiphysis area (first area) and a tibial epiphysis area (second area) where the growth plates are distributed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sensor garment including a harness. In one exemplary embodiment, the sensor garment includes a textile portion, a device-retention element coupled to the textile portion, and a stretchable harness coupled to the textile portion. The harness includes a conductive element disposed between layers of film. The conductive element includes a first termination point at the device retention element, configured to connect to a monitor device. The conductive element includes a second termination point configured to connect to a sensor or transceiver.

Abstract: A combination patient return pad and surgical smoke evacuator includes a return electrode configured to attach to a surface and a suction tube for drawing surgical smoke from a surgical site.

Abstract: A flexible neural electrode array is provided, comprising a layer of metal which is arranged on a first layer of polymeric material and which forms a number of contact pads. The first layer of polymeric material is flexible along a predefined direction, each contact pad of the number of contact pads having a sequence of cuts through the metal, each cut extending in a straight line across the predefined direction. Each cut has an inner end and an outer end, the inner end being within the contact pad, the outer end being at an edge of the contact pad, and each second cut of the sequence of cuts having its outer end at the same edge of the contact pad. A method is further provided for fabricating a flexible neural electrode array.

Abstract: A biomedical electrode for electrically contacting a user's skin includes a carrier layer, a backing layer, an electrical lead, a conductive member, and a gel contact member. The backing layer is disposed on the carrier layer. The electrical lead is positioned at least in part below the carrier layer. The conductive member is coupled to the electrical lead. The gel contact member is electrically coupled to the conductive member for directly contacting the user's skin. The gel contact member is electrically conductive. The gel contact member includes a gel combined with an anti-microbial agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a physiological recording electrode, and, more particularly, to an EEG (electroencephalography) recording electrode that can be used without the need for numerous steps in preparing the subject's skin and the electrode itself. The invention further relates to a surface feature or penetrator with a size and shape which that will not bend or break, which limits the depth of application, and/or anchors the electrode or other device during normal application; and a packaging system comprising a well and electrolytic fluid for maintaining a coating of said electrolytic fluid on the surface feature or penetrator.

Abstract: An electrosurgical system comprises a return electrode that includes a conductive element and a return conductor that forms a capacitive electrical connection with the conductive element. The conductive element is completely encompassed by one or more pads so that the conductive element is not exposed and so that the return electrode does not include an externally exposed electrical connection.

Abstract: A medical anchoring apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes an omega-shaped anchoring element. A proximal end of the omega-shaped anchoring element has a primary inlet groove for the receiving end of a lead, while a distal end of the omega-shaped anchoring element includes a stopper element and an outlet groove for protruding lead. A nanosilver antimicrobial foam coupled beneath the distal end of the omega shaped anchoring element at a lead entry point of a skin area of a subject around the outlet groove. The apparatus employs single coated nonwoven porous acrylic adhesive, which adheres to the skin of the patient. The omega shaped anchoring element helps manage lead displacement, and secure while allowing for predefined lead migration and lead management. The nanosilver antimicrobial foam is configured with silver particles. The medical anchoring apparatus is used to secure leads that may migrate through the patient's skin into the body.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a mask pad having EMS electrode pads. Each electrode of the EMS electrode pad may be provided to correspond to the shape and size of the divided area according to the virtual line. The mask pad according to the present invention may minimize the edge current effect by the shape of the electrode to which electric energy is applied. In addition, energy transfer efficiency may be improved by capacitive coupling between the electrode and the skin. In addition, due to the coating of the electrode, a rate of contact with an affected part may be increased so that current may be applied evenly to each part.

Abstract: Provided is a stretchable wiring board including: a base material having stretchability; a wiring line having at least a portion coated and formed on the base material with a conductive stretchable material; and an uneven engaging portion that is electrically connected to the wiring line and has a protrusion or a recess configured to engage with a connection terminal of an external device.

Abstract: A device for electrical stimulation of one or more components of the periodontal complex and surrounding tissue of a tooth, for uses such as reducing orthodontic pain and encouraging tooth movement, has electrodes of a rigid, electrically conductive material in a fixed spatial relationship configured for application to oral mucosa and attached gingiva adjacent to, and along a periodontal ligament of, a root structure of a single tooth. An electrical circuit is configured for electrical connection to the at least two electrodes. The electrical circuit has an output providing a subsensory electrical stimulus comprising a waveform in accordance with predetermined stimulation parameters. After the electrodes are applied to the oral mucosa and attached gingiva adjacent to, and along the periodontal ligament of, a root structure of the tooth, a switch, when activated, activates the electrical circuit to output the electrical stimulus through the at least two electrodes.

Abstract: A textile-based hydrogel electrode comprises a textile-based backing layer, a conductive structure coupled to the textile-based backing layer, and a hydrogel body in contact with at least a first portion of the conductive structure, wherein the first portion of the conductive structure and the hydrogel body form an ionic interface configured to generate an electrical signal through the conductive structure corresponding to a biopotential change proximate to the textile-based hydrogel electrode.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting infiltration at a catheter infusion site may include a first elongate sensor member couplable to a first location proximate the catheter infusion site, and a second elongate sensor member couplable to a second location proximate the catheter infusion site. The first elongate sensor member may include a first marking and the second elongate sensor member may include a second marking. The first elongate sensor member may slidably couple with and translate relative to the second elongate sensor. The first and second markings may indicate a range of relative positions between the first and second elongate sensor members as the first and second elongate sensor members translate relative to each other. At least one relative position within a range of relative positions between the first and second elongate sensor members may be indicative of infiltration at the catheter infusion site.

Abstract: Methods and devices for providing noninvasive electrotherapy and electrical stimulation are described herein. In one aspect, a device for noninvasive electrotherapy includes wireless communication circuitry configured to receive pulse generation control signals wirelessly transmitted from a computing device. The device can include pulse generation circuitry configured to deliver electrical waveforms according to instructions encoded in the pulse generation control signals. The computing device can include a cellular telephone device, a portable media player, a personal digital assistant, a tablet computer, or an internet access device.

Abstract: A thermosensitive nanosensor includes a substrate having a plurality of vertically standing nanostructures attached thereto, the plurality of vertically standing nanostructure being covered with a conductive material to form conductive coated nanostructures; a thermosensitive hydrogel adjacent to the plurality of conductive coated nanostructures; and a cover layer on top of the thermosensitive hydrogel to prevent loss of moisture and mechanical stress.

Abstract: Technologies and implementations for a wearable medical device (WMD). The WMD includes electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes and/or therapy electrodes having resistor components formed utilizing resistive ink.

Abstract: Provided herein is a stimulating device being equipped with an electrode element recording and stimulating nerve signals for diagnosis and treatment of chronic pain or Alzheimer's disease and, most particularly, to a stimulating device providing electrical stimulation for chronic pain or Alzheimer's-causing proteins or measuring bio signals. The stimulating device includes a controller, a substrate being coupled to a bottom of the controller, and having a power receiving and signal delivering electrode being mounted thereon as a single body or being distinctively mounted thereon, wherein the power receiving and signal delivering electrode is capable of wirelessly receiving power and wirelessly delivering bio signals, and an electrode element being coupled to a bottom of the substrate and being capable of delivering electrical stimulation to tissues inside a body.

Abstract: A stretchable circuit is provided in the invention. The stretchable circuit comprises a plurality of segments. Each segment includes a plurality of sub-segments. Each sub-segment includes at least one main line, at least one secondary line, and rib lines, and in each sub-segment, the main lines and the secondary lines are electrically connected to the rib lines.

Abstract: Wearable devices are provided herein including wearable defibrillators, wearable devices for diagnosing symptoms associated with sleep apnea, and wearable devices for diagnosing symptoms associated with heart failure. The wearable external defibrillators can include a plurality of ECG sensing electrodes and a first defibrillator electrode pad and a second defibrillator electrode pad. The ECG sensing electrodes and the defibrillator electrode pads are configured for long term wear. Methods are also provided for using the wearable external defibrillators to analyze cardiac signals of the wearer and to provide an electrical shock if a treatable arrhythmia is detected. Methods are also disclosed for refurbishing wearable defibrillators. Methods of using wearable devices for diagnosing symptoms associated with sleep apnea and for diagnosing symptoms associated with heart failure are also provided.

Abstract: In order to provide an article of leg apparel, in particular a stocking, which is suitable for reducing the risk of injury to the wearer of the leg apparel, particularly during sports activities and to achieve compensation of possible functional imbalances in the musculoskeletal system of the wearer, it is proposed that the leg apparel includes at least one compression region in which, in the worn state, the leg apparel exerts a compression effect on the leg of the wearer of the leg apparel, and includes at least one stimulus-inducing structure which, in the worn state, is arranged on an inside of the leg apparel facing toward the leg of the wearer of the leg apparel.

Abstract: A flexible neural electrode array is provided, comprising a layer of metal which is arranged on a first layer of polymeric material and which forms a number of contact pads. The first layer of polymeric material is flexible along a predefined direction, each contact pad of the number of contact pads having a sequence of cuts through the metal, each cut extending in a straight line across the predefined direction. Each cut has an inner end and an outer end, the inner end being within the contact pad, the outer end being at an edge of the contact pad, and each second cut of the sequence of cuts having its outer end at the same edge of the contact pad. A method is further provided for fabricating a flexible neural electrode array.

Abstract: Provided is a biological information detection device capable of restraining noise from being mixed with a signal relating to biological information. A biological information detection device includes an electrode pad that is able to detect a signal (bioelectric signal) relating to biological information of a subject (for example, a fetus in a mother's body), a connector that is connectable to the electrode pad, and a cable that is connected to the connector and is able to transmit the signal. The electrode pad and the connector are provided with fixing members and that are attachable to and detachable from each other, respectively.

Abstract: A fabric delivers active ingredients to a surface when the fabric includes a moist-vapor porous combination of fabric materials, and the fabric comprises at least 0.5% by total weight of at least one layer of the fabric of a superabsorbent polymer fiber. The superabsorbent polymer fiber contains an absorbed aqueous reservoir of an aqueous solution carrying the active ingredients. The superabsorbent fiber has a coating on its surface of an aqueous penetrable layer through which a liquid in the absorbed aqueous reservoir can migrate or flow, carrying the active ingredients onto an exposed surface of the superabsorbent polymer fiber, so that the active ingredients on the surface of the superabsorbent polymer can react or interact with an environment in contact with the active ingredients on the superabsorbent polymer fiber surface.

Abstract: Improved hydrogel configurations for use with a TTField-generating system is disclosed. Also disclosed are kits containing the improved hydrogel configurations and methods of producing and using the improved hydrogel configurations.

Abstract: An auxiliary return system for use with a bipolar electrosurgical device includes a tissue guard defining an open proximal end, an open distal end, and a lumen extending therethrough between the open proximal end and the open distal end. A ground plate is disposed along an inner peripheral surface of the lumen and is operably coupled to a first end of a ground wire extending from the tissue guard. A coupling is included having a bore defined therein for receiving a cable from an electrosurgical device therethrough, the cable including active and ground leads. The coupling has a flange extending therefrom defining a receptacle therein configured to operably receive a plug connected to a second end of the ground wire. The receptacle is configured to provide electrical continuity between the ground lead disposed within the cable and the plug coupled to the ground wire which, in turn, provides electrical continuity to the ground plate.

Abstract: A bipolar surgical instrument (1) comprises a body (2), first and second opposed jaws (18, 20) located at the distal end of a shaft (10), the first jaw (18) being movable with respect to the second jaw (20) between an open position in which the first and second jaws (18, 20) are spaced apart from one another, and a closed position in which the first and second jaws (18, 20) are adjacent one another. The first and second elongate jaw members (18, 20) have respective first and second electrodes. A power cable having a pair of electrically conductive elements, is provided to connect a source of radio frequency electromagnetic energy to the first and second electrodes. A capacitive element is located in the instrument, and is connected in series between a first one of the pair of electrically conductive elements of the cable and the first electrode.

Abstract: An assembly for use in a TTField-generating system is disclosed that includes at least one electrode in combination with a polymerized conductive hydrogel and a liquid conductive hydrogel disposed on at least a portion of the polymerized hydrogel. Also disclosed are transducer arrays including the assemblies, as well as kits and methods of producing and using the assemblies, arrays, and systems.

Abstract: A cable assembly and methods for indicating an electrical measurement in an electrosurgical instrument are disclosed. The assembly has a circuit having a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a processing device operatively coupled to the at least one active conductor. The assembly also has a substantially electrically non-conductive housing enclosing the circuit and a portion of at least one active conductor, and exposing a contact portion of the at least one active conductor, the at least one active conductor configured to conduct power to an electrosurgical instrument. The assembly also has an indicator operatively coupled to the processing device.

Abstract: A device for (RF) skin treatment comprising an active electrode having a first skin contact surface for electrical contact with a skin of a user and during use A return electrode having a second skin contact surface for electrical contact with the skin of the user during use. An RF generator to supply an RF treatment voltage between the active electrode and the return electrode to heat the skin below the active electrode. A coupling member arranged on the first skin contact surface comprising an electrically conductive material to improve the electrical coupling of the active electrode to the skin surface. The coupling member comprising a first layer of a first electrically conductive material arranged on the first skin contact surface, and a second layer of a second electrically conductive material, arranged on a side of the first layer remote from the first skin contact surface.