Abstract: A method of detecting a leakage path in an electronic device includes iteratively performing operations until an iteration condition is satisfied. The operations include causing a capacitor to be set to a known state, measuring a voltage level of the capacitor, and storing data indicating the measured voltage level. The operations also include causing the capacitor to be connected to a potential leakage path, remeasuring the voltage level of the capacitor, and storing data indicating the remeasured voltage level. The operations further include comparing the measured voltage level and the remeasured voltage level to detect leakage in the potential leakage path. The iteration condition is satisfied when a difference between the measured voltage level and the remeasured voltage level satisfies a voltage threshold or when a count of iterations performed satisfies an iteration threshold.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for treating cardiac arrhythmia are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein deliver interrogating energy to tissue at a position on a wall of an anatomical structure of a patient. If the devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein detect a change in electrical activity of the anatomical structure in response to the interrogating energy, the devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein can apply irreversible therapy to the tissue. In some embodiments, the change in electrical activity corresponds to slowing or termination of a detected arrhythmia.

Abstract: This document discusses, among other things, systems and methods to receive cardiac electrical information and premature ventricular contraction (PVC) information of a subject, detect atrial fibrillation (AF) of the subject using the received cardiac electrical information, and adjust AF detection using the received PVC information.

Abstract: A re-usable, compact automated external defibrillator (AED) having a proximate electrode and a distal electrode for use in delivering an electrical charge to a person in cardiac distress. The components of the AED are packed together in a low-profile device body. The distal electrode may be easily unpacked from the device body and deployed. A circuit board within the device body controls the AED. The proximate electrode is part of the device body such that the device body is attached to the skin of the person when in use. The distal electrode is wired to the device body and also attached to the skin of the person when in use. The circuit board may be used to deliver a biphasic electrical charge to the person. The adhesive pads on the electrodes may be peeled off and replaced for reuse. Also, the electrodes may be replaced, if needed.

Abstract: A method for operating a medical device includes activating a processor in the medical device in a low-power operating mode, measuring a first voltage level of the battery, applying at least one discharge pulse to the battery in response to the first voltage level of the battery being greater than a predetermined passivation minimum voltage threshold and less than a predetermined passivation maximum voltage threshold, measuring a second voltage level of the battery after the at least one discharge pulse, and operating the processor in the medical device in an increased-power operating mode to continue operation of the medical device only in response to the second voltage level being greater than or equal to a predetermined operating voltage threshold, the predetermined operating voltage threshold being greater than the predetermined passivation minimum voltage threshold and less than or equal to the predetermined passivation maximum voltage threshold.

Abstract: A cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)/automatic external defibrillator (AED) training system, wherein the CPR/AED training system includes a cabinet having an upper cabinet and a lower cabinet, an audio/visual monitor located in the upper cabinet, a photo camera located in the upper cabinet and located adjacent to the audio/visual monitor, a computer located in the upper cabinet and operatively connected to the audio/visual monitor and the photo camera, and a first and second mannequin station operatively connected to the lower cabinet, wherein the first and second mannequin stations can be used in conjunction with each other for CPR/AED training.

Abstract: An extra-cardiovascular implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) having a high voltage therapy module is configured to control a high voltage charging circuit to charge a capacitor to a pacing voltage amplitude to deliver charge balanced pacing pulses. The capacitor is chargeable to a shock voltage amplitude that is greater than the pacing voltage amplitude. The ICD is configured to enable switching circuitry of the high voltage therapy module to discharge the capacitor to deliver a first pulse having a first polarity and a leading voltage amplitude corresponding to the pacing voltage amplitude for pacing the patient's heart via a pacing electrode vector selected from extra-cardiovascular electrodes. The high voltage therapy module delivers a second pulse after the first pulse. The second pulse has a second polarity opposite the first polarity and balances the electrical charge delivered during the first pulse.

Abstract: A stimulation protocol determination system includes an input module and a selector module. The input module is provided to receive an indication of an upper airway flow limitation via sensed respiratory effort information. The selection module is provided to automatically select, based on the indicated upper airway flow limitation, a stimulation protocol.

Abstract: A chest tube device with neurostimulation is provided, along with a method of electrically stimulating at least one of (i) one or more peripheral nerves and (ii) one or more nerve fibers of a thoracic region of a patient, to mitigate pain in patients undergoing chest tube implantation. The chest tube device includes a tubular member and an electro-analgesic region to provide neurostimulation to one or more peripheral nerves and/or nerve fibers of the thoracic region of the patient. The method includes electrically stimulating one or more peripheral nerves and/or nerve fibers of the thoracic region of the patient, and hyperpolarizing the one or more peripheral nerves and/or nerve fibers of the thoracic region to (i) reduce an amount of pain signals from being transmitted to the brain of the patient and/or (ii) prevent pain signals from being transmitted to the brain of the patient.

Abstract: An electrocardiogram waveform measurement system is configured to be suitable for measuring an electrocardiogram waveform with high precision using multiple electrodes provided to an article of clothing. A measurement unit performs measurement in a state in which multiple fabric electrodes are grouped into multiple channels. A signal measured by the electrodes for each channel is evaluated in a two-dimensional manner based on the number of times an R wave is detected by an R wave processing unit in a predetermined period of time and a degree of data concentration in a dynamic range acquired by a degree-of-concentration calculation unit. A channel selection unit selects the optimum channel.

Abstract: A method includes charging a capacitor of a power inverter to a direct current (DC) input voltage provided at an input terminal of the power inverter. The capacitor has a first terminal and a second terminal. The method also includes providing a first voltage at an output terminal of the power inverter at a first time by controlling one of either a set of input switches configured to selectively couple the first and second terminals to either the input terminal or to a ground terminal, or an output switch configured to selectively couple the output terminal to either the first terminal or the second terminal. The method further includes providing a second voltage at the output terminal at a second time by controlling the other of the set of input switches and the output switch.

Abstract: A smart safety kit includes one or more medical products, a container configured to receive the medical products therein, an interface coupled to the container, a processor, and a memory. The container and the medicals product are separate and distinct. The memory is coupled to the container and includes instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the processor, cause the interface to communicate step-by-step medical instructions for administering treatment to a patient with the medical products.

Abstract: According to one aspect, a method for predicting the likelihood of survival of a particular individual with favorable neurological function during a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure includes obtaining an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal of the particular individual during the CPR procedure. The method also includes obtaining a non-invasive measure of circulation of the particular individual during the CPR procedure and generating a prediction for the likelihood of survival of the particular individual with favorable neurological function based on the EEG signal and the non-invasive measure of circulation.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method to differentiate between causes of noise in an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. The method connecting to at least one sensing electrode and obtaining the ECG signal from the at least one sensing electrode. The method also includes detecting noise on the ECG signal and detecting ancillary conditions. The method also includes associating the noise on the ECG signal with at least one of the ancillary conditions and providing an actionable indication to a patient associated with the noise on the ECG signal.

Abstract: Methods for implanting a pulse generator (PG) within a pectoral region of a chest of a patient and devices having the PG. The PG has a housing that includes a PG electrode. Methods also include implanting at least one lead having first and second electrode segments with the first electrode segment positioned along an anterior of the chest of the patient and the second electrode segment positioned along at least one of a posterior of the patient or a side of the patient. The first and second electrode segments are positioned subcutaneously at or below an apex of a heart of the patient, wherein the PG electrode and the first and second electrode segments are configured to provide electrical shocks for antiarrhythmic therapy.

Abstract: It is difficult to know the remaining amount and the degradation state of a power storage device, and it is also difficult to estimate how long the power storage device can be used. Data obtained through midway discharge and mid-to-full charge is used as the learning data to calculate the degradation state and the capacity. In other words, the learning data includes both a discharge curve of midway discharge and a charge curve of mid-to-full charge, and neural network processing is performed with the use of the learned data.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies disclosed herein are directed to a smart automated external defibrillator (“AED”). According to one aspect of the concepts and technologies disclosed herein, the AED can present a menu that includes a plurality of modes. The plurality of modes can include a first responder mode, an Internet of Things (“IoT”) mode, and a general use mode. The AED can receive, via an input component, a selection, from the menu, of a mode from the plurality of modes. In response to the selection, the AED can configure a network connectivity component in accordance with a setting specified in the mode.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are directed toward apparatuses, systems, and methods that include at least one medical device having a device transceiver configured to wirelessly broadcast a device signal including at least unique identifier data and an information system is configured to maintain an active list of medical device inventory associated with a particular emergency response vehicle, and the processor is configured to automatically determine presence of the at least one medical device.

Abstract: It is difficult to know the remaining amount and the degradation state of a power storage device, and it is also difficult to estimate how long the power storage device can be used. Data obtained through midway discharge and mid-to-full charge is used as the learning data to calculate the degradation state and the capacity. In other words, the learning data includes both a discharge curve of midway discharge and a charge curve of mid-to-full charge, and neural network processing is performed with the use of the learned data.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stimulation device for electrotherapy, in particular a defibrillator device and/or external pacemaker device, comprising at least two contact electrodes, which can be applied to the body of a patient at suitable stimulation positions and by means of which current pulses can be applied to the body of the patient, the first of the at least two contact electrodes acting as a charging electrode having positive polarity, and the second of the at least two contact electrodes acting as a discharging electrode having negative polarity with respect to an emitted current pulse, and with a current pulse generator, which is or can be connected to the contact electrodes by means of line connections. The invention further relates to a method for determining the polarity of contact electrodes applied to the body of a patient.

Abstract: A re-usable, compact automated external defibrillator (AED) having a proximate electrode and a distal electrode for use in delivering an electrical charge to a person in cardiac distress. The components of the AED are packed together in a low-profile device body. The distal electrode may be easily unpacked from the device body and deployed. A circuit board within the device body controls the AED. The proximate electrode is part of the device body such that the device body is attached to the skin of the person when in use. The distal electrode is wired to the device body and also attached to the skin of the person when in use. The circuit board may be used to deliver a biphasic electrical charge to the person. The adhesive pads on the electrodes may be peeled off and replaced for reuse. Also, the electrodes may be replaced, if needed.

Abstract: Methods, devices and program products are provided for under control of one or more processors within an implantable medical device (IMD). Sensing near field (NF) and far field (FF) signals are between first and second combinations of electrodes coupled to the IMD. The method applies an arrhythmia detection algorithm to the NF signals for identifying events within the NF signal and designates events marker based thereon and monitors the event markers to detect a candidate arrhythmia condition in the NF signals. The candidate under-detected condition comprises at least one of an under-detected arrhythmia or over-sensing. In response to detection of the candidate arrhythmia condition, the method analyzes the FF signals for a presence of an under-detected arrhythmia indicator. The method delivers an arrhythmia therapy based on the presence of the under-detected arrhythmia indicator in the FF signals and the candidate under-detected arrhythmia condition in the NF signals.

Abstract: A method of treating an ailment suffered by a patient using one or more electrodes adjacent spinal column tissue of the patient, comprises delivering electrical modulation energy from the one or more electrodes to the spinal column tissue in accordance with a continuous bi-phasic waveform having a positive phase and a negative phase, thereby modulating the spinal column tissue to treat the ailment. An implantable electrical modulation system, comprises one or more electrical terminals configured for being coupled to one or more modulation leads, output modulation circuitry capable of outputting electrical modulation energy to the electrical terminal(s) in accordance with a continuous bi-phasic waveform, and control circuitry configured for modifying a shape of the continuous bi-phasic waveform, thereby changing the characteristics of the electrical modulation energy outputted to the electrode(s).

Abstract: A wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) comprises a support structure to be worn by a patient, an energy storage module to store an electrical charge, a discharge circuit coupled to the energy storage module, a measurement circuit, a user interface that includes a speaker, and a processor. The processor is configured to monitor a physiological signal of a patient with the measurement circuit to detect cardiac arrhythmia when the patient is wearing the support structure, determine whether a validation criterion is met in response to detection of a cardiac arrhythmia, provide no alarm with the user interface the validation criterion is being determined, and cause a shock to be delivered to the patient from the energy storage module by the discharge circuit in the event the validation criterion is met.

Abstract: An external medical device is provided which is configured to provide a user with access to one or more training modules. The external medical device includes one or more electrodes configured to detect a cardiac activity of a patient, an audio and/or visual output, and a controller coupled to the audio and/or visual output. The controller is configured to: detect at least one of a predetermined event and a device use pattern; and responsive to detecting the at least one of the predetermined event and the device use pattern, provide the patient access to one or more training modules relating to a use or a configuration of the external medical device via the audio and/or visual output. The device can also include a user interface configured to provide access to at least one training module according to a schedule of training modules for the patient.

Abstract: A device and a method thereof for determining a hemodynamic state of an individual from a magnitude of a perfusion signal or a signal which is a measure of a volume of blood in the thoracic cavity of the individual, wherein the control device is configured to receive a first signal and a heart rate signal, divide the first signal into frames, wherein a frame length is determined from an oscillation period of the heart rate signal, and determine a magnitude of the first signal from at least two frames, so as to obtain a more reliable magnitude of the first signal.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for providing summary information for lifesaving activities is disclosed. The method involves sensing one or more activities that are repeatedly and cyclically performed on a victim by a rescuer; identifying a cyclical timing interval over which performance is to be analyzed fora integer number of cycles of the one or more activities, and gathering data from the sensing of the one or more activities during the time interval; generating, from analysis of the one or more activities, summary data that condenses data sensed for the one or more activities into a summary of the one or more activities; and providing, for display to a user, a visual summary of the performance of the one or more activities over the identified time interval.

Abstract: A variety of electrode pad cartridges are described that are suitable for use with a defibrillator. In one aspect the cartridge includes a housing and a tray that carries a pair of defibrillation electrode pads. At least a portion of the tray is slidably received within the cartridge housing such that the electrode pads are received within the housing. The tray is configured to be slidably pulled from the cartridge housing while the housing remains attached to the defibrillator to provide access to the electrode pads to facilitate use of the defibrillator.

Abstract: Implantable cardioverter device (ICD) systems capable of delivering a multi-vector defibrillation shock, and methods for use therewith, are described herein. Such an ICD system can include a defibrillation charge capacitor, a charge circuit, first, second, and third electrodes, switches, a controller, and first, second and third filters. The defibrillation charge capacitor is coupled between a first voltage rail and a second voltage rail. The first filter is coupled between the first and second electrodes, and the second filter is coupled between the second and third electrodes, so that the first and second filters can shunt EMI signals. The third filter is coupled between the first and third electrodes and configured to provide for electrical symmetry when the first, second, and third electrodes are used to deliver a multi-vector defibrillation shock. Such filters, which can be implemented using capacitors, can be used to make the ICD system MRI compatible.

Abstract: The main object of the present application is to provide a method and device for information interaction by quantitatively inputting voice indicators and processing and interacting information, the method comprising: displaying and persistently flashing a first prompt word and starting to receive a first input voice of a user; comparing the first input voice with the first prompt word; displaying and persistently flashing a second prompt word and starting to receive a second input voice of the user; comparing the second input voice with the second prompt word; and if the second input voice is matched with the second prompt word, then integrating the first input voice and the second input voice to be a digital voice file, and storing the digital voice file. The present application can help the user correctly, quickly and simply record sound, and reduce interference factors to the least, and can accurately, completely and conveniently acquire user sound, thus facilitating subsequent analysis and recognition.

Abstract: A system for assisting a rescuer in providing resuscitative treatment to a victim is described. The system includes a motion sensor configured to generate motion sensor signals that are indicative of motion of the chest of the victim during chest compressions, an input device configured to receive user input indicative of a type of chest compressions, an output device, and a processor, a memory, and associated circuitry, the processor communicatively coupled to the motion sensor, the input device, and the output device and is configured to receive the motion sensor signals and the user input indicative of the type of chest compressions, determine chest compression feedback for the rescuer based on the motion sensor signals, and control the output device to selectively provide the chest compression feedback for the rescuer based at least in part on the type of chest compressions indicated by the user input.

Abstract: A variety of arrangements and methods relating to a defibrillator are described. In one aspect of the invention, a defibrillator includes two paddles that each include a defibrillator electrode covered in a protective housing. The two paddles are sealed together using a releasable seal to form a paddle module such that the housings of the paddles form the exterior of the paddle module. An electrical system including at least a battery and a capacitor is electrically coupled with the paddles. The battery is arranged to charge the capacitor. The capacitor is arranged to apply a voltage at the defibrillator electrodes, which generates an electrical shock for arresting a cardiac arrhythmia.

Abstract: A method for analyzing an audio respiratory signal comprises capturing the audio respiratory signal from a subject using a microphone and partitioning the audio respiratory signal into a plurality of overlapping frames. The method further comprises calculating a fourier transform for each frame and determining a magnitude spectrum using the fourier transform of the plurality of overlapping frames. Additionally, the method comprises extracting a spectrogram using the magnitude spectrum and analyzing the spectrogram to determine characteristics pertaining to wheeze sounds in the audio respiratory signal.

Abstract: A variety of methods and discharge test circuits are described that are well suited for testing H-bridge based defibrillator discharge circuits. The H-bridge includes four switches and two outputs. In one aspect, a test discharge circuit is provided that includes a resistive element and a switch that are coupled to the second H-bridge output. The H-bridge and test circuit may be controlled to test various aspects of the H-bridge based defibrillator discharge circuit.

Abstract: A defibrillation system having a defibrillation catheter and a power supply part; a first connector member (11) is connected to a handle member; a second connector member (21) is connected to the power supply part; the first connector member (11) has a first insulating member (12), first electrodes (13) protruding from the first insulating member (12), and a first tubular member (14); the second connector member (21) has a second insulating member (22) having longitudinal holes, second electrodes (23) disposed on an inner wall of the longitudinal holes, and a second tubular member (24); the first tubular member (11) has a first space (15) being to contain the second tubular member (24), a second space (16) not containing the first insulating member (12) but containing the first electrodes (13), and a third space (17) containing neither the first insulating member (12) nor the first electrodes (13).

Abstract: This document describes an automated external defibrillator comprising a control configured to switch between a pediatric operating mode and an adult operating mode, wherein each operating mode comprises a mode-specific energy configuration and a mode-specific user configuration; an indicator configured to provide an indication of the operating mode in use during a resuscitation process; one or more processors configured to switch to the mode-specific energy configuration and the mode-specific user configuration upon a change of operating mode between the pediatric operating mode and the adult operating mode such that the automated external defibrillator delivers a defibrillating shock to a patient based on the mode-specific energy configuration; and an interface of the automated external defibrillator provides resuscitation instructions to a user based on the mode-specific user configuration.

Abstract: A medical device includes a display area that has a thin panel having a substantially flat front surface portion, a translucent layer on a back surface of the thin panel, a layer of text or graphics on a back surface of the translucent layer, and arranged so that the text or graphics is not visible to a user on the front side when light is not provided from inside the device housing, a switch to allow a user to select a first mode or a second mode for the device, and circuitry arranged to energize one or more light sources to provide light from behind the thin panel when the device is in the first mode, and to thereby make visible the text or graphics when the device is in the first mode.

Abstract: A defibrillation electrode pad includes an electrode section and a CPR administration section. The electrode section and the CPR administration section are positioned in the defibrillation electrode pad relative to each other such that the CPR administration section is located above a sternum of an adult subject and the electrode section is located in a position appropriate for the administration of a defibrillation shock to the adult subject when the defibrillation electrode pad is oriented in a first orientation and such that the CPR administration section is located above a sternum of a pediatric subject and the electrode section is located in a position appropriate for the administration of a defibrillation shock to the pediatric subject when the defibrillation electrode pad is oriented in a second orientation different from the first orientation.

Abstract: A system to automatically detect at least one physiological state is disclosed. The system includes a single probe for insertion within a subject that has an analyte sensor array for continuous monitoring of at least glucose and a second analyte. The system further includes an electronics module that includes a power supply, a processor, memory and a bi-directional communications module. When the electronics module is coupled with the analyte sensor array the power supply delivers power to the analyte sensor array and the processor. The processor analyzing glucose and the second analyte data to detect a first physiological state from a plurality of physiological states.

Abstract: An example of a medical device management system is described that includes a central server configured to remotely manage protocol updates according to medical device servicing groupings and a protocol database and that includes a plurality of medical devices comprising rescue scene devices and one or more of defibrillators and defibrillator/monitors. The rescue scene devices include at least one of a ventilation unit including an airflow sensor and a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) device configured to identify a vertical displacement of a patient's chest caused by CPR compressions. The plurality of medical devices is associated with a respective medical device servicing group and is configured to communicatively couple with the central server, download a new or updated protocol associated with the respective medical device servicing group from the protocol database, and modify a medical device configuration according to the downloaded new or updated protocol.

Abstract: New and alternative approaches to the monitoring of cardiac signal quality for external and/or implantable cardiac devices. In one example, signal quality is monitored continuously or in response to a triggering event or condition and, upon identification of a reduction in signal quality, a device may reconfigure its sensing state. In another example, one or more trends of signal quality are monitored by a device, either continuously or in response to a triggering event or condition, and sensing reconfiguration may be performed in response to identified trends and events. In yet another example, a device may use a looping data capture mode to track sensing data in multiple vectors while primarily relying on less than all sensing vectors to make decisions and, in response to a triggering event or condition, the looped data can be analyzed automatically, without waiting for additional data capture to reconfigure sensing upon identification of the triggering event or condition.

Abstract: A variety of electrode pad cartridges are described that are suitable for use with a defibrillator. In one aspect the cartridge includes a sealed tray. The tray takes the form of a drawer box having a foil secured thereto in order to seal the drawer chamber. In some embodiments, the foil is heat sealed to walls of the drawer box. The tray may include an exit feature such as a channel through which electrode pad wires coupled to the electrode pads pass. The pad tray may further include a seal that cooperates with the foil to seal the exit feature. In some embodiments, a thermoplastic resin is used as the filler material.

Abstract: A computing device includes a memory configured to store instructions. The computing device also includes a processor to execute the instructions to perform operations that include providing an alternating electrical signal to a patient through at least a pair of electrodes, and determining transthoracic impedance of the patient from a measurement associated with the applied alternating electrical signal. Operations also include identifying, from the transthoracic impedance, a sequence of resistance values for controlling the discharge of a charge storage device located external to the patient, and controlling the discharge of the charge storage device using the identified sequence of resistance values.

Abstract: A vital signs monitor includes an equipment housing defining an equipment compartment, a circuit assembly and a battery residing inside the equipment compartment, an electrical connector forming a connection between the battery assembly and the circuit assembly, and a battery discharge circuit. A retainer joined to the equipment housing retains the battery assembly in the housing. The retainer is separable from the housing so that its separation causes a break in the electrical connection and activates the discharge circuit.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein relate to systems and methods for detecting faults in leads and automatically reconfiguring a stimulation pattern of the leads based on a detected fault.

Abstract: Systems and methods of limiting activation of a single use automated external defibrillator (AED). The method comprises using an event monitoring module to sense an activation of the AED, monitor the AED's use state, generate a notification and request a deactivation command if the AED's use state satisfies at least one deactivation criterion, and deactivating the AED when a deactivation command is received. The AED device comprises an energy source, a pair of electrodes, an alert module, a wireless communication module, and an event monitoring module.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the field of cardiac resuscitation, and in particular to devices for assisting rescuers in performing cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are described herein. The system includes a camera to capture one or more images at a scene where the person in need of medical assistance is being treated and one or more processors. The processors receive and process the images, by using a rescuer profile, to provide a real-time feedback to the rescuer to improve the CPR treatment.

Abstract: A method, computer program product, and computing system for obtaining, by a computing device, encounter information of a patient encounter, wherein the encounter information may include audio encounter information obtained from at least a first encounter participant. The audio encounter information obtained from at least the first encounter participant may be processed. A user interface may be generated displaying a plurality of layers associated with the audio encounter information obtained from at least the first encounter participant. A user input may be received from a peripheral device to navigate through each of the plurality of layers associated with the audio encounter information displayed on the user interface.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and techniques that enable medical devices to integrate and interoperate with one another are provided. In some examples, a wearable cardiac defibrillator (WCD) advantageously interoperates with an implanted pacemaker to provide a variety of benefits. For instance, in some examples, the WCD oversees execution of an antitachycardia (ATP) protocol by the implanted pacemaker and intervenes as needed. In other examples, the WCD drives an ATP protocol in which internal pacing pulses are provided by the implanted pacemaker under the control of the WCD. In other examples, the WCD monitors the activity of the implanted pacemaker to identify potential maintenance issues affecting the implanted pacemaker. The WCD and the implanted pacemaker may also interoperate to classify and act upon particular arrhythmia conditions.

Abstract: An ambulatory medical device comprises: a sensing component to be disposed on a patient for detecting a physiological signal of the patient; and monitoring and self-test circuitry configured for detecting a triggering event and initiating one or more self-tests based on detection of the triggering event. The ambulatory medical device senses the physiological signal of the patient substantially continuously over an extended period of time.