Abstract: The present application discloses a method for identifying arrhythmia, a device for identifying arrhythmia, and a computer readable medium. The method includes: acquiring a type of arrhythmia to be identified; acquiring an ECG signal collected by an ECG acquisition device; detecting feature wave information in the ECG signal according to the type of arrhythmia to be identified; extracting a feature parameter from the denoised ECG signal and the feature wave information according to the type of arrhythmia to be identified; and identifying, by a classifier, an occurrence of the type of arrhythmia to be identified according to the feature parameter.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a wearable cardioverter defibrillator (“WCD”) system comprises a support structure configured to be worn by a patient, a power source, an energy storage module configured to be coupled to the support structure, to be charged from the power source and to store an electrical charge, a discharge circuit coupled to the energy storage module, the discharge circuit controllable to discharge the electrical charge so as to cause a shock to be delivered to the patient, a measurement circuit configured to render a physiological input from a patient physiological signal, a user interface configured to output one or more human-perceptible indications, and a processor.

Abstract: Implementations of conductive energy weapons (CEWs) may include a shock generating circuit configured to couple to a power source, two electrodes operatively coupled to the shock generating circuit, and a safety circuit operatively coupled to the shock generating circuit. The shock generating circuit may be configured to generate a first pulse train and deliver the first pulse train to a target, and may be configured to generate at least a second pulse train and deliver the at least second pulse train to a target. The safety circuit may be configured to prevent the CEW from applying pulse trains to the target after a predetermined number of pulse trains. The first pulse train may include two or more pulses having waveforms substantially identical with each other, each of the waveforms of the two or more pulses having both a positive voltage segment and a negative voltage segment.

Abstract: In some examples, a processor is configured determine whether efficacy of therapy delivered by a medical device to the patient may have changed and generate a notification based on the determination. For example, a processor may be configured to determine whether a bioelectrical brain signal indicative of activity of a brain of a patient includes a biomarker that indicates efficacy of therapy delivered by a medical device to the patient may have changed, and generate notification based on determining the bioelectrical brain signal includes the biomarker. In some examples, the processor modifies the therapy delivered to the patient prior to generating the notification.

Abstract: A method for detection of interference in impedance based monitoring of a subject by using a monitor is disclosed. The method comprising, connecting the subject to the monitor using one or more leads; and before current is applied to the subject, measuring voltage on the subject via at least one of the one or more leads and if any voltage is detected then the monitor indicates a warning. An impedance based monitor is disclosed, the monitor being connectable to a subject. The monitor is configured to measure voltage on the subject, before any current is applied to the subject, and if any voltage is detected then the monitor is configured to indicate a warning.

Abstract: In some examples, determining a heart failure status of a patient using a medical device comprising a plurality of electrodes includes determining an estimated arterial pressure waveform of the patient based on an arterial impedance signal received from at least two of the plurality of electrodes. The estimated arterial pressure waveform may comprise a plurality of arterial pressure cycles. Each of the plurality of arterial pressure cycles may correspond to a different cardiac cycle of a plurality of cardiac cycles of the patient. At least one value of an intrinsic frequency of the corresponding arterial pressure cycle may be determined for at least some of the plurality of cardiac cycles and the heart failure status of the patient may be determined based on the at least one value of the intrinsic frequency.

Abstract: A system including an ambulatory medical treatment device is provided. The ambulatory medical treatment device includes a memory, a treatment component configured to treat a patient, at least one processor coupled to the memory and the treatment component, a user interface component, and a system interface component. The user interface component is configured to receive an update session request and to generate the update session identifier responsive to receiving the request. The system interface component is configured to receive an encoded request including an identifier of an update session and device update information, to decode the encoded request to generate a decoded request including the device update information and the identifier of the update session, to validate the decoded request by determining that the update session identifier matches the identifier of the update session, and to apply the device update information to the ambulatory medical treatment device.

Abstract: A defibrillation system for synchronized cardioversion of a patient includes a first housing that includes a measurement circuit configured to receive electrocardiogram (ECG) signals and measure ECG parameters based on the ECG signals, and a first processor configured to analyze the ECG parameters, and initiate communication of a synchronization signal for a second processor for delivery of one or more defibrillation pulses and further includes a second housing that is separate from and external to the first housing and that includes a shock delivery circuit, and the second processor which is configured to receive the communication of the synchronization signal from the first processor, and control the shock delivery circuit to deliver the one or more defibrillation pulses in response to the synchronization signal.

Abstract: In embodiments, a Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator (WCD) system includes a support structure for the patient to wear, and components that the support structure maintains on the patient's body. The components include a defibrillator, associated electrodes, and so on. The defibrillator can operate in a WCD mode while the patient wears the support structure. The defibrillator can further operate in a different, AED mode, during which time the patient need not wear a portion of the support structure, or even the entire support structure. Sometimes the AED mode is a type of a fully automatic AED mode. Other times the AED mode is a type of a semi-automated AED mode, where an attendant is present to administer the shock; at such times, the patient may not even need to have electrodes attached. This way the patient is more comfortable for a longer time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system that includes both an Airway and Ventilation device (AV) and an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) device. The system is provided with components for assisting only minimally trained persons to operate it in emergency situations involving respiratory failure and/or cardiac arrhythmias. The system includes one or both of a mask for applying non-invasive ventilation and a ventilation tube for applying invasive ventilation.

Abstract: A wearable medical monitoring (WMM) system may be worn for a long time. Some embodiments of WMM systems are wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) systems. In such systems, ECG electrodes sense an ECG signal of the patient, and store it over the long-term. The stored ECG signal can be analyzed for helping long-term heart rate monitoring of the patient. The heart rate monitoring can be assisted a) by special filtering techniques that remove short-term variations inherent in patients' short-term heart rate determinations, and b) by indication techniques that indicate when conditions hampered sensing of the ECG signal too much for a reliable heart rate determination.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for classifying signals of interest in a cardiac rhythm management (CRM) device. A CRM device includes an intrinsic activation sensing circuit configured to pass signals falling within a first passband, a crosstalk sensing circuit configured to pass signals falling within a second passband, wherein the second passband contains higher frequencies than the first passband, and a computing device communicatively coupled to the intrinsic activation sensing circuit and the crosstalk sensing circuit, the computing device configured to classify a signal of interest as one of an intrinsic activation signal and a crosstalk signal based on whether the signal of interest is passed by the intrinsic activation sensing circuit and the crosstalk sensing circuit.

Abstract: A polarization stream architecture is described. A transmitter may implement a reverse polarization stream to shape a first source signal in a first signal space to a first target signal in a second signal space. The reverse polarization stream is implemented as a cascade of reverse polarization steps. Each reverse polarization step includes a shuffle function, a split function, a scaling function and an offset function. Machine-learning techniques may be used to implement the scaling function and the offset function. A receiver may implement a polarization stream to recover the source signal.

Abstract: An electric treatment device includes an impedance detector to measure bioelectrical impedance at a site of a body of a user by using electrodes in contact with the site, a voltage controller to perform treatment of the site by controlling a voltage applied to the electrodes, and a timer to set a target time from when treatment of the site is started by the voltage controller to when the voltage value of the applied voltage reaches the target voltage value, based on the measured bioelectrical impedance. The greater the measured bioelectrical impedance is, the shorter the timer sets the target time. The voltage controller increases the voltage value of the applied voltage to the target voltage value based on the set target time.

Abstract: A training aid stimulator for providing fast perceptive feedback is disclosed. The training aid stimulator includes a first skin electrode and a second skin electrode both for making electrical contact to the body of a user, a charging module, a discharge module connected to one or more of the skin electrodes for a feedback discharging, and a processor for controlling the charging of a capacitor equivalent to a predetermined first voltage level, wherein the processor further being connected to the discharge module for controlling a feedback discharge of the capacitor equivalent. The stimulator comprises a voltage measurement module for measuring the level of charge of the capacitor equivalent, and the processor is configured for keeping the stimulator ready to discharge by repeatedly measuring the level of charge and by providing a maintenance charging when the voltage over said capacitance equivalent is at or below a predetermined second voltage level.

Abstract: An ambulatory medical device comprises: a sensing component to be disposed on a patient for detecting a physiological signal of the patient; and monitoring and self-test circuitry configured for defecting a triggering event and initiating one or more self-tests based on detection of the triggering event. The ambulatory medical device senses the physiological signal of the patient substantially continuously over an extended period of time.

Abstract: A defibrillation device for administering an electrotherapy, such as a dual-sequential defibrillation (DSD) electrotherapy. The defibrillation device can include a defibrillation therapy module, a physiological parameter module and a control module. The defibrillation therapy module can output one or more energies and the physiological parameter module can receive one or more physiological parameters, including electrocardiogram (ECG) data. The control module can analyze the physiological parameters to determine an indication for the administration of an electrotherapy and can determine a DSD electrotherapy. The DSD electrotherapy can be based at least in part on the physiological parameters, the indication for the administration of an electrotherapy or a review of the ECG data.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for modulating the generation of charge current by operational circuitry included in an implantable medical device (IMD) for delivery of an induction stimulation pulse waveform by the IMD. The modulation may include modulating a charging circuit of the operational circuitry to facilitate the regulation of the induction stimulation pulse waveform. The techniques include monitoring an electrical parameter of a charging path during the delivery of the induction stimulation pulse and modulating the charging circuit based on the monitored electrical parameter.

Abstract: A defibrillator and method for using a defibrillator which adopts an ECG analysis algorithm that can detect a cardiac arrhythmia in the presence of noise artifact induced by cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) compressions. The apparatus and method provides both of a continuous and scheduled mode of operation for interleaving periods of CPR with electrotherapy, in a manner that improves the effectiveness of the rescue, resulting in more CPR “hands-on” time, better treatment of refibriUation, and reduced transition times between CPR and electrotherapy.

Abstract: Methods for automatically determining whether a patient monitor alarm will sound from a true or false signal, in particular from ventricular tachycardia (VT) and suppressing false alarms without eliminating any true alarms are presented. A multiresolution wavelet is extracted from a raw ECG waveform. Features are then extracted from the wavelets that account for summary statistics, noise, areas under the curve and summary statistics of the KL-divergence of the power spectra density between every two ECG leads. A classifier can be then be trained and its performance measured.

Abstract: An extra-cardiovascular implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is configured to induce a tachyarrhythmia by charging a high voltage capacitor to a voltage amplitude and delivering a series of pulses to a patient's heart by discharging the capacitor via an extra-cardiovascular electrode vector. Delivering the series of pulses includes recharging the high-voltage capacitor during an inter-pulse interval between consecutive pulses of the series of pulses.

Abstract: An automated external defibrillator includes a first pad at least partially colored in a first color, a second pad at least partially colored in a second color, and a main unit to which the first pad and the second pad are connected. The main unit has a first guidance surface that indicates how to attach of the first pad and the second pad. The first guidance surface has a first marker in the first color at a position corresponding to an attachment position of the first pad and a second marker in the second color at a position corresponding to an attachment position of the second pad.

Abstract: A method and medical device for generating a template that includes sensing a cardiac signal from a plurality of electrodes, determining a plurality of beats in response to the sensed cardiac signal, determining whether to store a beat of the plurality of beats in a subgroup of a plurality of subgroups for storing beats, determining whether a number of beats stored in one of the plurality of subgroups exceeds a subgroup threshold, and generating a template in response to beats stored in the one of the plurality of subgroups that exceeds the subgroup threshold.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for classifying signals of interest in a cardiac rhythm management (CRM) device. A CRM device includes an intrinsic activation sensing circuit configured to pass signals falling within a first passband, a crosstalk sensing circuit configured to pass signals falling within a second passband, wherein the second passband contains higher frequencies than the first passband, and a computing device communicatively coupled to the intrinsic activation sensing circuit and the crosstalk sensing circuit, the computing device configured to classify a signal of interest as one of an intrinsic activation signal and a crosstalk signal based on whether the signal of interest is passed by the intrinsic activation sensing circuit and the crosstalk sensing circuit.

Abstract: An extra-cardiovascular implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is configured to induce a tachyarrhythmia by charging a high voltage capacitor to a voltage amplitude and delivering a series of pulses to a patient's heart by discharging the capacitor via an extra-cardiovascular electrode vector. Delivering the series of pulses includes recharging the high-voltage capacitor during an inter-pulse interval between consecutive pulses of the series of pulses.

Abstract: A wearable defibrillator system includes a support structure with one or more electrodes in an unbiased state. A monitoring device monitors, for the long term, a parameter of the person that is not the person's ECG; rather, the monitored parameter can be the person's motion, a physiological parameter, or both. When a value of the monitored parameter reaches a threshold, such as when the person is having an actionable episode, the electrode becomes mechanically biased against the person's body, for making good electrical contact. Then, if necessary, the person can be given electrical therapy, such as defibrillation. As such, the electrodes of the wearable defibrillator system can be worn loosely for the long term, without making good electrical contact. This can reduce the person's aversion to wearing the defibrillation system.

Abstract: According to various method embodiments, a person is indicated for a therapy to treat a cardiovascular disease, and the therapy is delivered to the person to treat the cardiovascular disease. Delivering the therapy includes delivering a vagal stimulation therapy (VST) to a vagus nerve of the person at a therapeutically-effective intensity for the cardiovascular disease that is below an upper boundary at which upper boundary the VST would lower an intrinsic heart rate during the VST.

Abstract: The device includes a cardiac therapy circuit with a first terminal, and a peripheral therapy circuit with a second terminal. These terminals can either receive a cardiac detection/stimulation lead or a peripheral detection/stimulation lead of an organ. The device is configured to recognize the leads and automatically configure the connection terminals according to the type of lead received by the terminal. This includes discrimination methods for identifying the terminal on which a cardiac signal is detected, and selectively activating the cardiac therapy circuit and the peripheral therapy circuit based on the detection of the cardiac signal on a lead.

Abstract: An implantable medical device includes a low-power circuit, a high-power circuit, and a dual-cell power source. The power source is coupled to a dual-transformer such that each cell is connected to only one of the transformers. Each transformer includes multiple windings and each of the windings is coupled to a capacitor, and the capacitors are all connected in a series configuration. The low power circuit is coupled to the power source and issues a control signal to control the delivery of charge from the power source to the plurality of capacitors through the first and second transformers.

Abstract: A diagnostic ECG system analyzes lead traces for evidence of ST elevation in the lead signals. The pattern of ST elevation in leads having predetermined vantage points to the electrical activity of the heart and, in some instances, the presence of ST depression in certain other leads, identifies a specific coronary artery or branch as the culprit coronary artery for an acute ischemic event. ECG measurements which are associated with the identity of specific arterial occlusion locations are calculated and used to form a classifier of the probability of occlusion at different locations. The location identified as having the highest probability is indicated to a user as the most likely occlusion location.

Abstract: A method and system of driving an LED load. A driver is configured to deliver a level of current indicated by a control signal to the LED load when a PWM signal is ON and stop delivering the level of current when the PWM signal is OFF. An output capacitance element is coupled across a differential output of the LED driver. A feedback path, having a store circuit, is configured to store an information indicative of a first voltage level across the output capacitance element as a stored feedback reference signal just after the PWM signal is turned OFF. The feedback path causes the voltage across the output capacitance element to be at the first voltage level just before the PWM signal is turned ON.

Abstract: In a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter/defibrillator, cardiac arrhythmias are detected to determine necessary therapeutic action. Cardiac signal information is sensed from far field electrodes implanted in a patient. The sensed cardiac signal information is then amplified and filtered. Parameters such as rate, QRS pulse width, cardiac QRS slew rate, amplitude and stability measures of these parameters from the filtered cardiac signal information are measured, processed and integrated to determine if the cardioverter/defibrillator needs to initiate therapeutic action.

Abstract: A out-of-hospital cardiac treatment apparatus, comprising: a cardiac waveform monitor capable of sensing a physiological signal from a heart of a patient and wirelessly transmitting the sensed physiological signal to a remote medical provider, an electrical stimulator adapted to deliver a therapeutic dose of electrical energy to the heart of the patient, a medical provider transceiver adapted to receive the sensed physiological signal from the cardiac waveform monitor and also wirelessly transmit a command signal to control the electrical stimulator.

Abstract: An electrical living body stimulation signal waveform generation device includes a waveform generation unit that generates a low-frequency pulse signal wave and a high-frequency signal wave individually, and a waveform synthesis circuit that superimposes the high-frequency signal wave on the low-frequency pulse signal wave during an ON period of the low-frequency pulse signal wave to form a synthesized wave having a waveform in which a level gradually rises from a point of time when the superimposition is started and the ON period and an OFF period are continuously repeated, wherein the synthesized wave is given as an electrical stimulus to a living body.

Abstract: A technology to grasp a state of a human being more accurately is provided. The technology is provided with means for acquiring a time-series waveform of a frequency from a time-series waveform of a biological signal sampled from the upper body of a human being and for further acquiring a time-series waveform of frequency slope and a time-series waveform of frequency fluctuation and for applying frequency analysis to them. In the frequency analysis, a power spectrum of each frequency corresponding to a functional adjustment signal, a fatigue reception signal, and an activity adjustment signal, respectively, determined in advance is acquired. Then, a state of a human being is determined from a time-series change of each power spectrum.

Abstract: A transthoracic defibrillator for external defibrillation comprises at least three electrodes configured to be attached to the thorax of a patient to establish at least two electrical paths across the thoracic cavity and through the heart of the patient. In addition, a defibrillator circuit contained in a defibrillator housing has the capability to deliver a different defibrillation waveform across each of the at least two electrical paths.

Abstract: At least two energy storage devices are used to realize biphasic defibrillation therapy. One of the energy storage devices is the primary energy storage device and the other (e.g. second) energy storage device is the auxiliary energy storage device. The first energy storage device is used to implement both the first and second phase pulses of biphasic pulse therapy to the patient, and the second energy storage device can be used to assist in the first and/or second phase pulse. In other words, the second energy storage device may be combined with the first energy storage device to discharge electricity to the patient to realize the first and/or second phase pulse.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for producing a plurality of archetype signals in wavelet space at a plurality of wavelet scales. A signal is transformed using a continuous wavelet transform based at least in part on a wavelet function. A scale dependent archetype transformed signal is computed based at least in part on the transformed signal and based at least in part on a natural periodicity of the wavelet function used to transform the signal. Information may be derived about the signal from the archetype transform signal, and stored in memory.

Abstract: An electrode assembly includes a first surface to be placed adjacent a person's skin and a second surface including a plurality of reservoirs of conductive gel. The plurality of reservoirs of conductive gel are disposed on sections of the electrode assembly that are at least partially physically separated and may move at least partially independently of one another to conform to contours of a body of a patient. The electrode assembly is configured to dispense an amount of the electrically conductive gel onto the first surface in response to an activation signal and to provide for a defibrillating shock to be applied to the patient through the amount of the electrically conductive gel.

Abstract: A non-invasive bodily-attached ambulatory medical monitoring and treatment device with pacing is provided. The noninvasive ambulatory pacing device includes a battery, at least one therapy electrode coupled to the battery, a memory storing information indicative of a patient's cardiac activity, and at least one processor coupled to the memory and the at least one therapy electrode. The at least one processor is configured to identify a cardiac arrhythmia within the information and execute at least one pacing routine to treat the identified cardiac arrhythmia.

Abstract: A wearable device and method of monitoring the condition of a patient. The wearable device includes at least one sensor and at least one processor operatively connected to the at least one sensor. The wearable device also includes an operator interface device operatively connected to the at least one processor. The at least one processor causes the device to allow for customization of at least one output message to be delivered via the operator interface device.

Abstract: This document relates to cardiac resuscitation, and in particular to systems and techniques for protecting rescuers from electrical shock during defibrillation of a patient.

Abstract: A disclosed telemetry system comprises an Nth number of telemetry devices and an equal number of standard disposable circular electrode patches. A body of each telemetry device in the system includes a female snap receptor configured to attach to a single male snap post of an electrode patch. A wireless transmitter module is disposed immediately around and in direct connection with each female snap receptor. Each wireless transmitter module transmits a signal from the respective female snap receptor to a receiver. A wireless receiver module is configured to receive and to process an Nth number of transmitted signals from the Nth number of telemetry devices into an Nth?1 number of signals where the number of signals is greater than zero. There are Nth?1 number of signals because at least one of the Nth telemetry devices is configured as a ground reference for the rest of the Nth telemetry devices.

Abstract: Recent advancements in power electronics technology have provided opportunities for enhancements to circuits of implantable medical devices. The enhancements have contributed to increasing circuit miniaturization and an increased efficiency in the operation of the implantable medical devices. The therapy delivery circuits and techniques of the disclosure facilitate generation of a therapy stimulation waveform that may be shaped based on the patient's physiological response to the stimulation waveform. The generated therapy stimulation waveforms include a stepped leading-edge that may be shaped having a varying slope and varying amplitudes associated with each of the segments of the slope. Unlike the truncated exponential waveform delivered by the conventional therapy delivery circuit which is based on the behavior of the output capacitors (i.e., i=C(dV/dt)), the stimulation waveform of the present disclosure may be dynamically shaped as a function of an individual patient's response.

Abstract: Wireless systems and methods include a plurality of peripheral electronic devices each having a wireless communication system. A processor is configured to establish an association confidence level indicative of a likelihood that a peripheral electronic device is associated to a monitored subject for each peripheral electronic device based on association criteria. Indicators are configured to communicate the association the association confidence level.

Abstract: A portable defibrillator according to embodiments of the present invention includes a defibrillator engine configured to receive defibrillator information from defibrillator sensors coupled to a patient and display the defibrillator information; an external device engine configured to receive information from medical device sensors coupled to the patient; a medical device virtual machine configured to display the patient parameter information from the external device engine; and a display screen operating a user interface through which the defibrillator engine displays the defibrillator information and the medical device virtual machine displays the patient parameter information from the external device engine.

Abstract: Systems and techniques that enable a user to selectively extend the time prior to providing an indication of power source depletion, e.g., allow an extended the recommended replacement time (RRT) prior to providing an elective replacement indication (ERI), are described. The user provides input, which may indicate an acceptable level of implantable medical device performance, e.g., that lesser performance for a period between a default RRT and an extended RRT is acceptable. In response to the input, the time until providing an RRT/ERI notification, or some other indication of depletion of the implantable medical device power source, may be extended.

Abstract: A system includes a processor coupled to a memory, the processor and memory configured to determine a proficiency level of a user of a rescue application based on stored data indicative of the user's proficiency level, and based on the user's proficiency level, select a level of operation for the rescue application. The rescue application is executed on a mobile device and configured to control operation of an AED. Each of multiple levels of operation for the rescue application allows the user a different degree of control over the operation of the AED. The processor and memory are configured to present, to the user, a set of instructions associated with the selected level of operation; and to enable control of the AED according to the selected levels of operation. A different set of instructions is associated with each of the multiple levels.

Abstract: A method includes receiving cardiac data and determining a cardiac index based upon the cardiac data; determining an increased risk of death associated with epilepsy if the indices are extreme, issuing a warning of the increased risk of death and logging information related to the increased risk of death. A second method comprises receiving at least one of arousal data, responsiveness data or awareness data and determining an arousal index, a responsiveness index or an awareness index, where the indices are based on arousal data, responsiveness data or awareness data respectively; determining an increased risk of death related to epilepsy if indices are extreme values, issuing a warning of the increased risk of death and logging information related to the increased risk of death. A non-transitory computer readable program storage device encoded with instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform a method is also provided.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for controlling spinal cord stimulation (SCS) or other forms of neurostimulation. Far-field cardiac electrical signals are sensed using a lead of the SCS device and neurostimulation is selectively delivering using a set of adjustable SCS control parameters. Parameters representative of cardiac rhythm are derived from the far-field cardiac electrical signals. The parameters representative of cardiac rhythm are correlated with SCS control parameters to thereby map neurostimulation control settings to cardiac rhythm parameters. The delivery of further neurostimulation is then controlled based on the mapping of neurostimulation control settings to cardiac rhythm parameters to, for example, address any cardiovascular disorders detected based on the far-field cardiac signals. In this manner, a closed loop control system is provided to automatically adjust SCS control parameters to respond to changes in cardiac rhythm such as changes associated with ischemia, arrhythmia or heart failure.