Abstract: An aqua-ammonia absorption apparatus generator assembly comprising a boiler section, a solution-heated-desorber section, and adiabatic desorber or GAX desorber section, and a rectifier section, incorporates a plurality of columns, each column comprising one or more of the sections, with the columns arranged so that the lowest end of a first column is lower than the top end of a second column, and uses one or more eductors driven by a feed stream from the absorber for pumping liquid refrigerant from the bottom of a lower temperature column to the top of the next hotter column.

Abstract: An absorption refrigerator includes a high temperature regenerator for heating a water solution including a halogen compound to generate steam. An oxide film having thickness of 0.02-5.0 &mgr;m, one of the colors blue, purple and gray, or a hydroxyl group is formed on a surface of at least one of the high temperature regenerators and the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A multi-stage absorption refrigeration system having an upper stage that includes a generator and condenser that operate at above atmospheric pressure and a lower stage that includes a generator and a condenser that operates at or near atmospheric pressure. The upper stage condenser is placed in heat transfer relation with the lower stage generator to produce refrigerant vapor from solution contained in the lower stage generator. A water condenser is connected to the lower stage generator so that vapor produced in the lower stage generator can be used to heat hot water or other fluid. When the system is placed in a water heating mode, the flow of solution is terminated to the upper stage generator and condensate leaving the upper stage condenser is circulated back through the upper stage generator.

Abstract: There is disclosed an novel refrigeration apparatus and a method of refrigeration. The novel refrigeration apparatus comprises a desorber/evaporator, a scroll compressor operatively connected to said desorber/evaporator, a resorber/condenser operatively connected to said compressor, an expansion device operatively connected to said resorber/condenser and to said desorber/evaporator and a circulating refrigerant comprising carbon dioxide and a liquid co-fluid in which the carbon dioxide is differentially soluble. The refrigeration method comprises compressing carbon dioxide gas and a liquid co-fluid in a scroll compressor to an increased pressure, such that carbon dioxide at least partially dissolves in the liquid co-fluid, and reducing the pressure on the liquid co-fluid containing the dissolved carbon dioxide so that dissolved carbon dioxide comes out of solution with the liquid co-fluid, and recirculating the gaseous carbon dioxide and liquid co-fluid to the scroll compressor.

Abstract: A system for continuous beverage cooling is provided with a chink evaporator heat exchanger having chink elements for receiving beverage from a beverage supplying unit, and for transferring of the beverage to a bottling or dispensing unit. Chink evaporator elements in the chink evaporator heat exchanger contain boiling refrigerant to produce refrigerant foam. In a liquid separator-regenerative heat exchanger the refrigerant foam is eliminating on refrigerant vapor and refrigerant liquid. The refrigerant vapor is used to cool the refrigerant liquid passing from condenser throw liquid separator into the chink evaporator elements. The outer surfaces of the chink elements are arranged in direct thermal contact with the chink evaporator elements to cool the beverage passing through the chink elements.

Abstract: Apparatus and process are disclosed for increasing the efficiency of thermally actuated absorption process such as absorption compression and absorption heat pumping. The improvement allows greater temperature overlap between generator and absorber, ambient responsive performance, significantly lower need for rectification, multiple temperature level refrigeration, and hybrid operation. Referring to FIG. 2, the useful result is obtained by routing the sorbent from the externally cooled absorber (10) to a sub-ambient absorber (2) and further cooling and diluting the sorbent by means of the evaporator (28). The sorbent is concentrated in the absorber-heated generators (14 and 18) and the externally heated generator (22).

Abstract: An absorption refrigerator uses water as a refrigerant and a halogen compound as an absorption solution, and is characterized in that an oxide film of thickness of 0.02-5.0 .mu.m is formed on a surface of at least one of a heat exchanger and a high temperature regenerator. And a production method of the absorption refrigerator is characterized by oxidizing a surface of at least one of a heat exchanger and a high temperature regenerator at a temperature of 200-800.degree. C., and adjusting a heating temperature and a heating retaining time so that a value of parameter (P), obtained according to P=T (5+log t) is 3.5-6.0.times.10.sup.3, wherein T represents heating temperature (.degree.K), and t heating retaining time (minute).

Abstract: Device for producing by chemical reaction cold and/or heat, comprising two reactors containing each an associated salt susceptible of reacting chemically with a gas and dispersed into a porous support, a housing intended to receive the gas from the reactors and a housing intended to deliver the gas to the reactors. Accordingly to the invention, the reactors are arranged in direct contact and in such a way that the heat transfer between each other takes place only by conduction. A process for implementing the chemical reactions between at least one salt and one gas within such a device to product cold and/or heat is also disclosed.

Abstract: A heat absorption system having a first absorption circuit for operation at a first temperature range and a second absorption circuit for operation at a second temperature range, the temperature range of the second absorption circuit having a lower maximum temperature relative to the first temperature range of the first absorption circuit. The first absorption circuit includes a first circuit generator, a first circuit condenser, and a first circuit absorber operatively connected together. The second absorption circuit includes a second circuit generator, a second circuit condenser, and a second circuit absorber operatively connected together. A common evaporator is operatively connected to each of the first circuit condenser and the second circuit condenser and is in heat exchange communication with an external heat load. The first circuit condenser and the first circuit absorber are in heat exchange communication with the second circuit generator.

Abstract: A multiple effect absorption refrigeration system containing a plurality of paired generators and condensers that are staged to operate at successively higher temperatures and pressures. A solution to solution heat exchanger is associated with each stage to exchange heat between strong and weak solution circulating between the absorber and the generator of the various stages. A condensate to solution heat exchanger is included in at least one stage for placing condensate from the condenser of a higher temperature stage in heat transfer relation with solution being delivered into the generator of a lower temperature stage. Condensate from the condensate to solution heat exchanger is expanded to a system component that is operating at a pressure below the operating pressure of the stage being serviced by the condensate to solution heat exchanger.

Abstract: An absorption-type air conditioning process and system for an automobile or other vehicle is disclosed in which the sensible heat from the engine coolant is utilized to drive the generators. The invention, which employs water as the refrigerant and a lithium bromide solution as the absorbent, comprises two successive working solution absorption-generation circuits, the first circuit operating at low-intermediate pressure and the second circuit operating at intermediate-high pressure. An additional feature of the invention is the inclusion of a first and second storage reservoir holding, respectively, chilled refrigerant and concentrated working solution, the incorporation of the reservoirs permitting pre-cooling of the vehicle's interior prior to operation of the vehicle.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle combines a concentrated absorbent liquid and a refrigerant in its vapor phase at low pressure in an absorber which provides, as an output, a liquid-rich refrigerant in solution with the absorbent liquid. The pressure of the absorbent/refrigerant solution is increased and the pressurized solution is supplied to a pervaporation membrane separator which provides as one output stream a vapor-rich refrigerant and as another output stream a concentrated liquid absorbent. The liquid-rich refrigerant output stream is condensed and subsequently expanded to a low pressure into an evaporator where it evaporates extracting heat from the spaced to be cooled. The concentrated liquid absorbent output stream from the separator is reduced in pressure and recombined in the absorber with the low pressure refrigerant vapor exiting the evaporator.

Abstract: An absorption refrigerator uses water as a refrigerant and a halogen compound as an absorption solution, and is characterized in that an oxide film of thickness of 0.02-5.0 .mu.m is formed on a surface of at least one of a heat exchanger and a high temperature regenerator. And a production method of the absorption refrigerator is characterized by oxidizing a surface of at least one of a heat exchanger and a high temperature regenerator at a temperature of 200.degree.-800.degree. C., and adjusting a heating temperature and a heating retaining time so that a value of parameter(P), obtained according to P=T (5+log t) is 3.5-6.0.times.10.sup.3, wherein T represents heating temperature (.degree.K), and t heating retaining time (minute).

Abstract: A high efficiency air conditioning system combining a desiccant assisted air conditioner with a heat pump device is disclosed. The heat pump device has a desorber for separating a refrigerant vapor from an absorption fluid; a compressor for compressing the refrigerant vapor; an absorber for absorbing the refrigerant vapor in the absorption fluid; an absorption fluid passage for circulating the absorption fluid between the absorber and the desorber; a refrigerant compression passage for transporting the refrigerant vapor produced in the desorber to the absorber by way of the compressor; and a heat medium passage means for drawing out heat of absorption and heat of desorption generated in the absorber and/or the desorber. Facilities are provided for storing refrigerant and absorption fluid during various modes of system operation and appropriate valving is provided for operating the system in various modes to increase the economic efficiency of system utilization.

Abstract: An AAATHP is designed to make the non-evaporated liquid refrigerant stemming from the evaporator according to the operational condition of the AAATHP to rectify the refrigerant vapor to be sent to the rectifier from the regenerator, thus improving the efficiency of the rectifier and safely maintaining the operational system of the AAATHP. The AAATHP comprises the following parts: An automatic switch valve to send liquid refrigerant accumulated at the bottom of the evaporator. The heat exchanging pipe enables the liquid refrigerant formed by the evaporator to flow in the rectifier so as to enable the liquid refrigerant sent out by the automatic switch valve to exchange its heat with the refrigerant vapor coming to the rectifier from the regenerator. A first liquid refrigerant passage pipe formed between the automatic switch valve and the heat exchanging pipe sends the liquid refrigerant accumulated at the bottom of the evaporator to the heat exchanging pipe.

Abstract: Numerous embodiments and related methods for generator-absorber heat exchange (GAX) are disclosed, particularly for absorption heat pump systems. Such embodiments and related methods use, as the heat transfer medium, the working fluid of the absorption system taken from the generator at a location where the working fluid has a rich liquor concentration.

Abstract: The absorption heat pump device is used in an air conditioner including a desiccant. The absorption heat pump includes a heat pump unit 1 and a heat pump unit 2 to provide heat generated from thermal action of the heat pumps including the heat of condensation of the refrigerant and the heat of absorption from the concentrated solution for heating regeneration air taken from an outside environment and a quantity of heat extracted from a low temperature heat transfer medium to produce an intermediate temperature hot water of about 60.degree..about.80.degree. C. The heat pump device also provides chilled water of about 15.degree. C. temperature, for use in cooling process air. The judicious use of heat provided by the absorption heat pump enables to achieve a high level of energy conservation for performing desiccant assisted air conditioner which operates at high efficiency.

Abstract: The third stage generator of a triple effect absorption apparatus may be operated at vapor pressures below 25 psig and more preferably below 15 psig by using a metal salt concentration in the absorption fluid in the third stage generator of at least 66.5%, by weight.

Abstract: An over-concentration control system for use with an absorption machine of the type having either a single, double and triple effect cooling and heating cycle, which uses lithium bromide in solution with water as the operating liquid. The operating liquid being characterized by a concentration indicative of the quantity of lithium bromide dissolved in water, and by a phase diagram having a crystallization boundary that defines the combinations of concentration and temperature which correspond to a condition of saturation in the solution. A sensing means is provided at a predetermined location within the system which is responsive to the depth of said solution for generating a concentration signal indicative of the concentration of the liquid. A temperature sensor is also provided for generating a temperature signal indicative of the temperature of the liquid.

Abstract: An absorption refrigeration system generator is disclosed which has an internal fire tube or combustion chamber for heating a composite fluid refrigerant. The fire tube includes at least one radially projecting heat transfer member on its interior surface for interaction with hot combustion gases. The generator is connected to a leveling chamber for maintaining a minimum quantity of fluid refrigerant in the generator. The leveling chamber comprises a reservoir connected to facilitate substantial equilibrium of the fluid levels within the generator and reservoir. The reservoir holds a quantity of weakened refrigerant solution flowing from the generator. A conduit within the reservoir transfers the weakened solution within the reservoir to the absorber under normal operating conditions. In the event the refrigerant level within the generator drops below a predetermined level, fluid flow out of the reservoir ceases.

Abstract: A triple-effect cycle is disclosed which avoids the two primary limitations of currently known triple-effect cycles: super-atmospheric pressures and/or low pressure absorbers that operate without mass transfer enhancers. The cycle is comprised of two hermetic loops--one a conventional LiBr double-effect loop, and the other a single-effect loop which overlaps the high pressure portion of the double-effect loop, and exchanges heat with it at three locations. Referring to FIG. 3, the latent heat exchanges are with absorber 302, condenser 304, and evaporator 305 of the single-effect loop. Sensible heat losses are reduced by incorporating inter-loop condensate-to-solution sensible heat exchanger 314. The inter-loop CSSHX also applies to other triple-effect cycles.

Abstract: A failure diagnosing system for an absorption chiller including an evaporator, absorber, etc. comprises a plurality of sensors for measuring at least one representative temperatures of each of two fluids participating in heat exchange in a specified heat exchange unit, and an arithmetic unit for receiving measurement data from the sensors. The arithmetic unit comprises a circuit for calculating an actual temperature difference using a simple calculation equation defined by a linear expression, a circuit for calculating the amount of heat exchange by the absorber, and a circuit for calculating the degree of abnormality of the absorber by comparing the actual temperature difference with an ideal temperature difference for the same amount of heat exchange as the calculated amount.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for absorption heat pumping include supplying heat to a first generator, desorbing vapor from a solution of absorbent and refrigerant in the first generator; in a first absorber, partially absorbing into an absorbent solution the vapor desorbed in the first generator to produce a mixture of vapor and liquid; further absorbing the vapor from the mixture in a second absorber, thereby producing a strong solution and evolving a heat of absorption; vaporizing some of the strong solution by reducing the ambient pressure, thereby extracting heat from a load, supplying absorbent vapor and liquid from the second generator to a third generator to produce more vapor, the third generator receiving the heat of absorption evolved by the second absorber, and leaving a remaining liquid that is pumped to the first absorber; supplying vapor from the third generator to a third absorber in which the vapor is absorbed into an absorbent solution, pumping absorbent solution from the third absorber to the fir

Abstract: Numerous embodiments and related methods for generator-absorber heat exchange (GAX) are disclosed, particularly for absorption heat pump systems. Such embodiments and related methods use the working solution of the absorption system for the heat transfer medium where the working solution has an intermediate liquor concentration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sorption method for air-conditioning vehicles, especially electric vehicles, and a device for working the method. To achieve rapid cooling or heating by means of vehicle air conditioning while achieving improved manufacturing, cost, and weight advantages, it is proposed that the sorption unit, composed of a storage container with sorbent, a supply container with sorbate, and a steam duct connecting the containers with one another, is evacuated only to perform an adsorption process employing a vacuum pump and is vented for desorption. The sorbent located in the storage container is traversed by hot air for desorption, said air, moistened with sorbate after passing through, being vented to the environment past the supply container after flowing through a vent line that branches off the steam duct.

Abstract: The invention relates especially to a process for the production of cold, comprising at least one stage of adsorption of carbon dioxide by an adsorbent solid substance and at least one stage of desorption of the carbon dioxide adsorbed in the said adsorbent substance, in which the said adsorbent substance comprises activated carbon fibers or an active charcoal and has a specific surface of at least 700 m.sup.2 /g and an external specific surface of at least 0.005 m.sup.2 /g.

Abstract: An absorption heating and cooling system is shown in which an absorbent/refrigerant fluid is circulated in a fluid flow loop having a condenser, a metering device, an evaporator, an absorber and a generator chamber. A magnetron provides a heat source for the generator chamber which also contains electrodes to facilitate vaporization of the refrigerant. The vaporized refrigerant and entrained moisture passes from the generator chamber to an electromagnetic vapor scrubber to further ionize the fluid. The ionized fluid passes from the scrubber to the condenser and from the condenser through a metering device which reduces the pressure and temperature of the fluid. The refrigerant then passes to an evaporator where it contacts a heat exchange medium which transfers heat to the refrigerant in order to achieve a desired cooling effect. The refrigerant then passes from the evaporator to the absorber and back to the generator chamber to repeat the cycle.

Abstract: An absorption chiller having a generator absorber heat exchanger with a split device for directing a first portion of strong solution from the absorber to the generator at a first temperature, while simultaneously directing a second portion of strong solution from the absorber to the generator at a second temperature. The absorption chiller operates to transfer weak solution from the generator to the absorber at a temperature of about 265.degree. F., while transferring strong solution from the absorber to the generator at two different temperatures--preferably about 210.degree. F. and about 240.degree. F.

Abstract: In an absorption chiller comprising at least two chiller modules connected to each other and a method therefor in which an evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a low-temperature generator, a high-temperature generator, a heat exchanger, an absorption solution pump and a refrigerant pump are functionally connected to one another, and gas, oil, vapor or exhaust gas discharged from a gas turbine, a diesel engine or another process is used as a heat source for the low-temperature generator or the high-temperature generator, the at least two chiller modules are connected to each other such that chilled water flows through the respective chiller modules in series while cooling water flows through the respective chiller modules in parallel, and that directions of flow of the chilled water and the cooling water are longitudinally reverse to each other in at least one chiller module which includes a final outlet for the chilled water, and, in the absorber of each chiller module, absorption solution is sprayed in at l

Abstract: In a sorption reaction system comprising one or more first reactors in which a refrigerant is alternately adsorbed and desorbed, and one or more second reactors in which a refrigerant is alternately desorbed and adsorbed, respectively, and having a cooling loop for directing heat transfer fluid to and from said reactors, a method of cooling an adsorbing reactor comprises directing liquid phase heat transfer fluid having a phase change from liquid to gas at a temperature at or below the temperature of adsorption to an adsorbing reactor in heat exchange exposure to the adsorbent utilizing vaporized heat transfer fluid for driving the liquid heat transfer fluid in the cooling loop. The refrigerant may be used as the heat transfer fluid. The invention includes apparatus for carrying out the method.

Abstract: A generator absorber heat exchanger (GAX) heat pump, such as may be used for heating and cooling an inhabited space, having a valving arrangement for converting from a GAX cycle operation to a liquid heat exchanger (LHE) cycle operation when the ambient temperature drops below a predetermined ambient temperature, and for returning to GAX cycle operation when the ambient temperature increases above a predetermined ambient temperature.

Abstract: A heat pump system utilizing a simplified configuration having a single adsorbent reactor structure is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, a carbon-ammonia adsorbent-reactant combination is employed. Heating and cooling of the reactor is accomplished directly by heating and cooling of the ammonia.

Abstract: Numerous embodiments and related methods for generator-absorber heat exchange (GAX) are disclosed, particularly for absorption heat pump systems. Such embodiments and related methods use the working solution of the absorption system for the heat transfer medium.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting corrosion in ammonia-water absorption machines that includes adding to an ammonia-water solution soluble silicon compounds. Examples of these silicon compounds include sodium silicate (Na.sub.2 SiO.sub.3), potassium silicate (K.sub.2 SiO.sub.3), lithium silicate (Li.sub.2 SiO.sub.3), silicic acid (H.sub.2 SiO.sub.5), and tetramethoxysilane (CH.sub.3 O).sub.4 Si. Sodium silicate is revealed as the preferred embodiment.

Abstract: The basic apparatus of the invention is a triple effect absorption cycle apparatus, comprising first, second and third generators each containing an aqueous absorption fluid and operating at successively higher temperatures; first, second and third condensers operating at successively higher temperatures, and operatively communicating with the generators; first heat exchange means cooperating between the third condenser and second generator, and between the second condenser and first generator, for directing energy therebetween; one, two or three absorbers and one, two or three fluid loops for directing aqueous absorption fluid between absorbers and second heat exchange means for exchanging energy between aqueous absorption fluid flows in said loops; and one, two or three evaporators operatively communicating with the absorbers.

Abstract: Working fluid for absorption heat pumps operating at very high temperature, particularly 200.degree. to 1000.degree. C., said working fluid being a mixture of at least two constituents, characterized in that the working fluid is constituted by a mixture of at least two chemical elements, whereof the first called the "solvent" is much more volatile than the others called "solutes" at the temperature of the mixture, the nature and proportions of each of the chemical elements in the mixture being chosen in such a way that the Vapour pressure of the mixture is significantly below that of the first, more volatile chemical element throughout the operating cycle of the working fluid in the pump.These chemical elements can in particular be metals such as mercury or sodium, or metalloids such as sulphur.

Abstract: An absorption refrigeration system uses a solution and a refrigerant contained in the solution as working mediums.

Abstract: The specification discloses a method for preparing salt solutions which exhibit desired thermodynamic properties. The method enables prediction of the value of the thermodynamic properties for single and multiple salt solutions over a wide range of conditions from activity data and constants which are independent of concentration and temperature. A particular application of the invention is in the control of salt solutions in a process to provide a salt solution which exhibits the desired properties.

Abstract: Triple-effect absorption heat exchange apparatus for transferring heat from a heat load to a heat sink. The apparatus comprises first and second interconnected refrigerant loops. The first loop comprises a first generator, a first condenser, a first evaporator, and a first absorber operatively linked together. The second loop comprises a second generator, a second condenser, a second evaporator, and a second absorber operatively linked together. The first absorber and the first condenser are in direct heat exchange relation with the second generator. This direct heat exchange relation may be established by providing a two-stage generator in which the condenser and absorber of a first loop are in the same vessel as the generator of a second loop. The condenser and absorber of the first loop provide the heat necessary to operate the second-loop generator.

Abstract: A high-efficiency, enhanced, generator-absorber heat exchange (EnGAX) cycle, particularly useful in gas-fired, air-cooled absorption heat pumps, increases the heat output of the absorber in the temperature overlap range with the generator to equal the heat usable by the generator. This is accomplished by establishing a solution pathway from a portion of the absorber in the temperature overlap region to a portion of the generator in order to increase solution flow in the high temperature regions of the absorber and generator. Further improvements in cycle efficiency are obtainable by increasing the operating pressure of the absorber.

Abstract: The invention relates to an absorption system having a regenerator (17) wherein an absorption process of the absorption of low-pressure ammonia vapor into a weak liquid solution of ammonia-water is carried out in the shell (16) of the regenerator (17) with the heat of absorption being used in a generation process wherein a high-pressure ammonia water solution is boiled in a conduit (14) passing through the regenerator (17). A waste heat recovery conduit (40, 40', 40") is provided for concurrent flow of an ammonia-water solution and ammonia-water vapor, the flow being heated (46) to boil the solution. The heated vapor is then introduced into the absorption process in the shell (16) of the regenerator (17) with the heat (46) used to boil the solution in the waste heat recovery conduit (40) being recuperated in the regenerator as the hot vapor is absorbed into the ammonia-water solution therein.

Abstract: A simplified, low cost absorption heat pump includes a single pressure vessel having first and second insulated compartments in unrestricted fluid communication with one another and containing, hermetically sealed, a working medium. A heat transfer ar is used to maintain the compartments at differential temperatures, but equal pressures so that the absorption cycle proceeds in a two-stage, batch mode, namely boiling of the working medium in the first compartment and simultaneous condensing in the second compartment during the first stage and evaporating in the second compartment and simultaneous absorbing in the first compartment during the second stage. The heat transfer arrangement then utilizes the heat given off or taken in during the absorption cycle for heating/air conditioning in a conventional manner.

Abstract: An improved regenerative absorption cycle using a super-pressure boiler to achieve a high coefficient of performance (COP). In the basic cycle, an ammonia/water solution is boiled in high-pressure boiling conduit (66). Boiled-off high-pressure ammonia vapor is condensed (96), expanded to low-pressure (99), and boiled in evaporator (101) to extract heat from a refrigerating fluid going to cooling load (104). Low-pressure ammonia vapor from evaporator (101) returns to regenerator (28) and is absorbed back into low-pressure liquid. The low-pressure solution from regenerator (32) is then cooled in absorber (56) to reject heat from the cycle, and is then pumped (58) back to the high-pressure boiling conduit (66). In the present invention, the liquid solution from high-pressure boiling conduit (66) is pumped up to an externally-heated super-pressure boiler (11).

Abstract: A process and apparatus for heating in an absorption cooling and heating system in which a refrigerant vapor and a concentrated absorbent solution are generated in a generator, the refrigerant vapor is condensed in an evaporator functioning as a condenser to form a condensed refrigerant, the condensed refrigerant is mixed with concentrated absorbent solution in the evaporator producing a dilute absorbent solution, the dilute absorbent solution is cooled, and the cooled dilute absorbent solution is circulated from the evaporator back to the generator.

Abstract: A triple effect absorption refrigeration system is provided with a double-condenser coupling and a parallel or series circuit for feeding the refrigerant-containing absorbent solution through the high, medium, and low temperature generators utilized in the triple-effect system. The high temperature condenser receiving vaporous refrigerant from the high temperature generator is double coupled to both the medium temperature generator and the low temperature generator to enhance the internal recovery of heat within the system and thereby increase the thermal efficiency thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a self-contained, rapid cooling device that retains heat produced from the cooling process and can be stored for indefinite periods without losing its cooling potential. A liquid in a first chamber undergoes a change of phase into vapor which cools the first chamber. A second chamber forms a vacuum insulation about a third chamber which contains a sorbent. The sorbent in the third chamber is in fluid communication with the vapor and removes the vapor from the first chamber. The device is self-contained because a material in contact with the sorbent removes the heat from the sorbent to prevent the reduction in the cooling effect produced by the first chamber. In addition, a vacuum insulation about the third chamber keeps the heated sorbent from diminishing that cooling effect.

Abstract: The invention consists of improvements in disposable and reuseable sorption temperature changers which eliminate the necessity of using valves which perforate the walls of the device. This facilitates the preservation of a long term leak proof air vacuum in the device, and reduces the cost of the device. Water in an air evacuated chamber boils at low temperature and cools its surroundings. The vapor generated by the low boiling point liquid is removed by sorption by a desiccant placed in a separate chamber. The sorbed vapor heats the desiccant and it surroundings. The temperature changing potential of the device can be preserved indefinitely by a barrier which prevents a communication between the liquid and desiccant chambers. The temperature changer is activated by a pliable or flexible surface portion which punctures or dislocates the barrier between the chambers.

Abstract: An adsorptional heat pump for using as a cooler or a heater which comprises a pair of rotary module discs and plurality of thermosyphons. The rotary module discs comprise a plurality of modules of which each of two modules are positioned in order to be opposite with each other. The thermosyphon is positioned between the two opposite modules, so that both ends thereof are respectively inserted into corresponding modules and has a good heat transferring feature, so that the thermosyphon provides an internal heat exchange between the modules. The heat pump according to the invention repeatedly and periodically carries out consequent processes such as generation. .fwdarw.heat exchange.fwdarw.adsorption.fwdarw.heat exchange.fwdarw.generation. The present invention can provide a heat pump having a promoted efficiency.

Abstract: An improved process and apparatus for absorption cooling in which an absorbent-refrigerant solution from an absorber is heated in a generator producing absorbent-refrigerant vapor, the absorbent-refrigerant vapor is separated and condensed producing pure liquid refrigerant and an absorbent-enriched solution, the absorbent-enriched solution is returned to the absorber, the pure liquid refrigerant is evaporated producing pure refrigerant vapor, and the pure refrigerant vapor is absorbed into the absorbent-enriched solution. A dilute absorbent-refrigerant solution and a concentrated absorbent-refrigerant solution are generated simultaneously in a solution concentration means disposed between the absorber and generator. The dilute absorbent-refrigerant solution is heated to produce a first pure refrigerant vapor and the absorbent-enriched solution. The first pure refrigerant vapor is condensed in the generator in thermal contact with the absorbent-enriched solution producing pure liquid refrigerant.

Abstract: The basic apparatus of the invention is a triple effect absorption cycle apparatus, comprising first, second and third generators each containing an aqueous absorption fluid and operating at successively higher temperatures; first, second and third condensers operating at successively higher temperatures, and operatively communicating with the generators; first heat exchange means cooperating between the third condenser and second generator, and between the second condenser and first generator, for directing energy therebetween; one, two or three absorbers and one, two or three fluid loops for directing aqueous absorption fluid between absorbers and second heat exchange means for exchanging energy between aqueous absorption fluid flows in said loops; and one, two or three evaporators operatively communicating with the absorbers.