Abstract: Self-cooling compositions and systems adapted to rapidly chill a substance in a compact container are provided. In some implementations, the composition comprises an aqueous solution and solid chemical reactants, wherein at least one solid chemical reactant is selected independently from the group consisting of NH4NO3, urea, and mixtures thereof; and a second solid chemical reactant is selected independently from the group consisting of NH4Cl, calcium sulfate, borax, phosphates, MgCl2, carrageenan, and mixtures thereof. The self-cooling compositions and systems can have a wide range of applications such as cooling comestibles or medical assay kits.

Abstract: A thermal treatment apparatus is built around an enclosure having pairs of separate compartments with each pair separated by a portal gate. The enclosure has a means for securing it in intimate contact with a skin surface. A chemically activatable substance is enclosed within one or more of the compartments and an activator is enclosed under pressure within one or more further compartments. A thermal sensor is positioned in contact, or near contact, with the skin surface, and a means for opening the portal gate, in accordance with a set point temperature and the actual temperature of the skin surface, is provided. Upon opening the portal gate, the activator is driven into contact with the chemically activatable substance thereby producing a chemical reaction causing a thermal exchange between the enclosure and the skin surface so as to cool or heat it.

Abstract: A container cap or lid used to make a self-heating or self-cooling container having an improved shelf-life and an independent heat-transfer compartment or insert in which are utilized liquid-activated endothermic or exothermic agents, a liquid-activated mixer within the compartment, a simple actuation means for initiating the cooling or heating processes and a method for using the same.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally provide for a system that removes excess thermal energy from a datacenter. In one embodiment, the system includes a modular holding container with highly thermally conductive surfaces capable of installation in any of multiple receiving points of the datacenter. Two substances are released into the holding container and are mixed creating a liquid solution and causing an endothermic reaction. The resulting reaction transfers thermal energy from the datacenter air to the new solution. The liquid solution is then pumped out of the datacenter, where it can be passed through a dialyzing membrane or an evaporation chamber, which separates the liquid solution into its two original substances.

Abstract: A can cooling device that includes a beverage can insulating sleeve, a cylindrical flexible bellows attached to the bottom of the sleeve and a bottom plate. A chemically activated cooling cartridge resides within the flexible bellows A cartridge push plate and compression spring reside within the bellows directly under the cooling cartridge. The cooling cartridge includes an outer flexible enclosure that houses a powder, an inner flexible enclosure containing a liquid, and a rigid plate with upwardly directed attached prongs. When a user presses down on the beverage can, the cooling cartridge is compressed causing the upwardly directed prongs to impale the liquid holding flexible inner enclosure and causing the liquid to mix with the powder causing an endothermic cooling reaction causing the beverage can inside the insulating sleeve to be cooled in relation to the surrounding outside temperature.

Abstract: A container cap or lid or insert for use in cooling food and beverage containers having a cooling chamber in which are utilized water-activated endothermic cooling agents, a water-activated mixer within the chamber, a simple actuation means for initiating the cooling process, a feature that facilitates the recycling of the spent cooling agents and a method for using the same.

Abstract: A device for emergency cooling a beverage receptacle which includes a transparent plastic cup shaped holder sized to receive the beverage receptacle therein. A solvent is placed into the cup shaped holder. A chemical element is placed into the cup shaped holder, whereby when the chemical element is mixed with the solvent it will produce an endothermic reaction. When the beverage receptacle is placed within the cup shaped holder the endothermic reaction will remove heat from the beverage within the beverage receptacle and cool the beverage.

Abstract: A self-cooling container having an independent cooling chamber in which are utilized water-activated endothermic cooling agents, a water-activated mixer within the chamber, a simple actuation means for initiating the cooling process, a feature that facilitates the recycling of the spent cooling agents and a method for using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a container for storing a beverage, the container having a container body and a closure and defining an inner chamber, the inner chamber defining an inner volume and including a specific volume of the beverage. The container further includes a cooling device having a housing defining a housing volume. The cooling device includes at least two separate, substantially non-toxic reactants causing an entropy-increasing reaction producing substantially non-toxic products in a stoichiometric number. The at least two separate substantially non-toxic reactants initially being included in the cooling device are separated from one another and causing an entropy-increasing reaction and a heat reduction of the beverage of at least 50 Joules/ml beverage. The cooling device further includes an actuator for initiating the reaction between the at least two separate, substantially non-toxic reactants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a container for storing a beverage, the container having a container body and a closure and defining an inner chamber, the inner chamber defining an inner volume and including a specific volume of the beverage. The container further includes a cooling device having a housing defining a housing volume. The cooling device includes at least two separate, substantially non-toxic reactants causing an entropy-increasing reaction producing substantially non-toxic products in a stoichiometric number. The at least two separate substantially non-toxic reactants initially being included in the cooling device are separated from one another and causing an entropy-increasing reaction and a heat reduction of the beverage of at least 50 Joules/ml beverage. The cooling device further includes an actuator for initiating the reaction between the at least two separate, substantially non-toxic reactants.

Abstract: A heat storage and release system for a transmission includes a material capable of super cooling within an operating temperature range of the transmission. The material is in thermal communication with the transmission. An energy input device is associated with the material and operable to input energy to the material to initiate an exothermic phase change within the material in order to deliver heat to the transmission.

Abstract: Disclosed is various embodiments of a self-heating or self-cooling container with a number of improved features in overcoming the problems associated with existing containers, including, but not limited to, an improved breaking device designed to maximize the mixture and reaction between different reactants, an insulating lip to prevent heat loss in the heating process, a simple and efficient design of the container, and enhancements in manufacturing and assembling a self-heating or self-cooling container.

Abstract: It is possible to provide a heat storage substance, a heat storage agent, a heat transport medium, and a cold insulation agent having low corrosiveness and a high latent heat quantity at a low cost, their production method, and a cold reservoir and a cold insulator containing the heat storage substance as content. The heat storage substance is characterized by containing a tri-n-butylalkylammonium salt and water. The heat storage substance is characterized by containing either tri-n-butyl-n-pentylammonium bromide or tri-n-butyl-n-pentylammonium chloride and water. The heat storage agent is characterized by containing a tri-n-butylalkylammonium salt and water. The heat storage agent is characterized by containing either tri-n-butyl-n-pentylammonium bromide or tri-n-butyl-n-pentylammonium chloride and water. The heat transport medium is characterized by containing a tri-n-butylalkylammonium salt and water.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a cooling device. The cooling device comprises a container configured as a heat sink. The container is at least partially made from heat conducting material. The cooling device further comprises endothermic chemical material which is contained in the container.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for air conditioning a building using an intermittent heat source whereof the maximum temperature is 70° C. and a heat sink at a temperature of 15° C. The device comprises 3 or 4 thermochemical dipoles each comprising an evaporator-condenser unit and a reactor connected by means for circulating G between them and means for interrupting the flow of G. The reactors are the seat of reversible processes between G and a liquid or a solid, and the evaporators-condensers are the seat of a liquid-gas phase change of G; the reactors are equipped with means for exchanging heat between them and means for controlling the heat exchange; the thermochemical processes in the dipoles may be identical or different; the device comprises a heat source at a variable temperature Tc, the maximum temperature being 70° C., and a heat sink at a temperature To of 15° C.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally provide for a system that removes excess thermal energy from a datacenter. In one embodiment, the system includes a holding container with highly thermally conductive surfaces installed in the warmest area(s) of the datacenter. Two substances are released into the holding container and are mixed creating a liquid solution and causing an endothermic reaction. The resulting reaction transfers thermal energy from the datacenter air to the new solution. The liquid solution is then pumped out of the datacenter, where it can be passed through a dialyzing membrane or an evaporation chamber, which separates the liquid solution into its two original substances.

Abstract: There is provided a packing container. The packing container has two different spaces formed by pressing edges of a carrier sheet, a function sheet and a middle sheet to each other to form a carrier space and a function space in both sides of the middle sheet, and thus two contents may be packed in one packing container, which leads to the simple packaging handling.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus includes a neck portion sized to wrap around the neck of an animal and a poll cap portion adapted to cover at least the poll of the animal. The neck portion includes an upper end, a lower end, a first edge extending between the upper and lower ends and defining one side of the neck portion, a second edge extending between the upper and lower ends and defining another side of the neck portion, and a pocket adapted to contain a refrigerant. The poll cap portion includes a pocket adapted to contain a refrigerant. The apparatus may be employed with any suitable refrigerant, including, but not limited to, a single-use refrigerant or a reusable refrigerant.

Abstract: A reforming method of a metallurgical furnace generated exhaust gas includes reforming a high temperature exhaust gas discharged from a metallurgical furnace by adding a reducing agent to the gas, wherein addition of the reducing agent is initiated when an oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is 1 vol % or less, and a reforming reaction is completed when a temperature of the exhaust gas is 800° C. or higher, and an apparatus thereof. The reducing agent is blown from a reducing agent blowing nozzle having a double pipe structure.

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium salt as a guest compound of a clathrate hydrate, having a property of producing the clathrate hydrate when cooled, and further containing a phosphate of an alkali metal added thereto. A clathrate hydrate produced by cooling an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium salt and a phosphate of an alkali metal, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is the guest compound.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is provided having a first path and a second path through which air passes with heat transferred between the two paths. Exterior moist air is delivered to the first path together with a dissolved desiccant. An exothermic reaction takes place with heat transferred to the second path. Moist air passes through the second path with water in the second path being caused to evaporate thereby cooling air passing along the second path.

Abstract: A self-chilling beverage can is disclosed that includes outer and inner compartments. The outer compartment has at least one sidewall, a top end, and a bottom end such that a cavity is formed for retaining a liquid. The inner compartment has at least one sidewall, a top end, and a bottom end collectively forming a second cavity to retain a substance. The substance can either be water or a coolant. The coolant is selected such that an endothermic reaction occurs when the coolant comes into contact with water. A balloon is affixed to the bottom end of the inner compartment. The balloon may comprise either water or the coolant, and contents of the balloon are initially separated from contents of the second cavity. Means for puncturing the balloon are provided such that a user can puncture the balloon and access the liquid by a single motion.

Abstract: The present invention is a package for selectively heating or cooling a food product of the package utilizing a temperature-changing pack disposed within an inner container. The temperature-changing pack is formed in a manner which prevents the inadvertent or premature mixing of the chemical reagents to initiate the heating or cooling reaction. Further, the temperature-changing pack is positioned within the inner container at a location where the food product comes into contact with the pack on multiple sides to maximize the heat transfer between pack and the food product. The inner container can be positioned within a reusable outer sleeve that insulates the inner container to further maximize the heat transfer between the pack and the food product.

Abstract: A single-use, self-heating or self-cooling container, particularly for beverages, producible in a plurality of sizes, comprises a first receptacle (2) containing a beverage and inserted into a second receptacle (3), a first compartment (11) formed between the first and the second receptacle and a second compartment (12) formed on the base of the second receptacle and separated from the first compartment by a breakable diaphragm (13). In these compartments (11, 12) are separately and respectively arranged at least a first and a second component of an exothermic or endothermic reaction, and the first component is arranged in the first compartment (11) annularly around the first receptacle (2), while the diaphragm (13) extends as a separation of these compartments substantially against the base (4) of the first receptacle.

Abstract: A cartridge comprising: a first reactant cavity for containing a first reactant; a second reactant cavity for containing a second reactant, which second reactant cavity is in an operative condition located below the first reactant cavity; a frangible barrier separating the first and second reactant cavities; a flexible member defined at an end of the first reactant cavity remote the barrier, the member having a receiving formation on an inner surface thereof for receiving an end of an elongate member therein, which elongate member extends towards the barrier; one or more openings located in an operatively upper region of the second reactant cavity; and where in use, the integrity of the barrier is disrupted by a force acting on an outer surface of the flexible member to displace it towards the barrier, thereby causing the elongate member to disrupt the integrity of the barrier and permitting the first and second reactants to react with each other. A kit comprising the cartridge disclosed above.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for cooling exhaust from a power center, such as in the event of an arc fault. In one embodiment, a system is provided that includes a power center having an enclosure, an exhaust duct coupled to the enclosure, and a phase change material disposed in the enclosure, the exhaust duct, or both, wherein the phase change material is configured to rapidly cool exhaust in response to a high temperature in the enclosure. A method is provided that includes cooling an exhaust at a high temperature from a power center by changing phase of a phase change material from a solid to a vapor. Another method is provided that includes providing a phase change material configured to cool an exhaust at a high temperature from a power center by changing phase from a solid to a vapor.

Abstract: The present invention provides self-heating apparatuses and methods of heating using an aqueous solution and a solid chemical reactant mixture. The solid chemical reactant mixture may include magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and/or calcium oxide.

Abstract: The exhaust heat recovery system of the invention includes: a thermoelectric conversion element that generates electric energy by thermoelectric conversion using heat of exhaust gas discharged from an engine; and a heat pump including a heat recovery unit that absorbs the heat contained in the exhaust gas through an endothermic reaction using a heating medium, and a heat generation unit which generates heat through an exothermic reaction of the heating medium and which supplies the heat to the thermoelectric conversion element. With this configuration, the thermoelectric conversion element and the heat generation unit are movably attached to each other such that they can be placed in contact with and separated from each other, and the heat recovery unit is positioned in an exhaust gas passage in an exhaust gas downstream flow direction from the heat generation unit.

Abstract: A fluid conduit cooling apparatus and method. The cooling of the fluid is achieved by pouring it through a heat exchanger within cold material. The cooling of the material is achieved by means of an endothermic reaction that occurs in a time and place of the user's choice.

Abstract: A portable temperature changing apparatus for containers includes a cylindrical annular moisture-proof pouch divided into a first compartment filled with a liquid and a second separate compartment holding a solid material capable of producing an endothermic or exothermic reaction upon mixing with the liquid. The seal separating the two separate compartments can be ruptured partially, when desired, enabling communication of the liquid with the solid to activate the temperature altering reaction. A flexible foam insulating layer surrounds the exterior of the annular cylindrical pouch providing insulation, damage protection, and labeling.

Abstract: Cold therapy is an established practice used in the medical profession to treat certain limb injuries, such as sprained or strained arm or leg muscles or injuries to joints. Generally, these types of injuries should be chilled to slow blood flow, which reduces swelling, pain, and further damage. Cold therapy is also an established practice used to treat migraine and other types of headaches. A typical course of cold therapy treatment is to apply ice for a specified period to the injured region of a limb, the neck, face, or head. Alternatively, a pack or bag containing a chemical agent that reacts (endothermically) to produce cold may be applied to the injured region, the neck, face, or head.

Abstract: A system for cooling an auxiliary device having a main housing with at least one canister port, at least one fluid manifold mounted within the housing and in communication with the port, and a removable dry ice canister inserted in to the fluid manifold. Connected to the fluid manifold is a fluid line and connected to the canister is an air pressure line. Both the air pressure and fluid lines are connected to the pump. As the dry ice melts, it cools the fluid and creates pressure that activates the pump to pump fluid to the auxiliary device and back to the manifold for subsequent cooling.

Abstract: This invention relates to a self-heating or self-cooling container (1), which uses an exothermic or endothermic re-action to provide or remove heat from the contents of the container. The chemical reaction includes a fluid consistuent (either as a reagent or solvent), held in a reservoir (6), which is added to another reagent in the reaction chamber (5) to initiate the reaction. The container (1) according to the invention proposes a means (8, 91) to control the volume of this fluid constituent added to the reaction chamber (5) depending on the ambient temperature of the container.

Abstract: A self-heating or self-cooling container, which uses a chemical reaction to effect heating or cooling. The reagents for the chemical reaction are stored separately in two sealed compartments (5, 6) having a common dividing wall (7), which can move within the compartments to expand the volume of one compartment at the expense of the other compartment. This arrangement allows efficient use of space within the reaction module of the can, which is particularly important where large amounts of reagent are required to obtain the necessary heating or cooling effect and where the products of the chemical reaction occupy a significantly increased volume compared to the initial reagent in the compartment.

Abstract: A cooling device for beverage containers includes a shell member having dimensions so as to encircle a beverage container. In use, the shell member has an outer face and an inner face disposed against the beverage container. The shell member defines an interior space, and a first cooling substrate is disposed within this interior space. The cooling substrate includes a web having a generally uniform application of a first cooling composition applied thereto, the cooling composition being activated by contact with an aqueous liquid. An aqueous liquid source is disposed within the interior space and is separated from the first cooling substrate by a barrier member. The cooling device is activated by manual manipulation to breach the barrier member, whereby liquid from the liquid source moves within the interior space to contact and activate the cooling composition, and generate a cooling reaction.

Abstract: A variety of liquids in containers can be cooled by a self-contained system for rapidly cooling liquids. A system utilizes cooling devices placed inside, outside, or integrated into containers for liquids. The cooling devices can utilize endothermic or other reactions to rapidly cool the liquids by storing cooling reactants separately and then causing them to mix or react upon demand.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump having a high coefficient of performance (COP), and a heat utilizing apparatus that allows the obtaining of high energy efficiency by using that heat pump. The heat pump, comprising a refrigerant circuit 13 that contains a decomposer 20 in which a gas hydrate decomposition process is carried out and a former 25 in which a gas hydrate formation process is carried out. This refrigerant circuit 13 imparts heat to a high-temperature object in the gas hydrate formation process by taking up heat from a low-temperature object in the gas hydrate decomposition process. In addition, the heat pump comprises at least an excess water separator 40 that separates excess water from the gas hydrate formed in former 25, or a compression system that sends gas and liquid which are decomposition products of the gas hydrate decomposed in decomposer 20 to former 25 after compressing and mixing.

Abstract: A container comprises a container body for containing contents to be heated or cooled, a thermic module at one end of the body, and a closure at the other end of the body. Within the thermic module, an internal exothermic (or, alternatively, endothermic) chemical reaction is initiated to heat its contents when a user actuates the thermic module. The thermic module includes a heat exchanger portion extending proximally into the container and a thermic module cap distal to the heat exchanger portion. The heat exchanger portion has a pleated wall to improve the heat transfer to the contents of the container. The container includes a rotatable cover adhered to the container end over the closure with heat-sensitive adhesive that prevents a user from accessing the contents until a certain temperature is reached. The container further includes a full panel pull-off which covers and protects the actuator from being actuated until the pull-of lid is removed from the full panel pull-off.

Abstract: An alloy made of heat treated material represented by Gd5(SixGe1?x)4 where 0.47?x?0.56 that exhibits a magnetic entropy change (??Sm) of at least 16 J/kg K, a magnetostriction of at least 2000 parts per million, and a magnetoresistance of at least 5 percent at a temperature of about 300K and below, and method of heat treating the material between 800 to 1600 degrees C. for a time to this end.

Abstract: A warming pack includes a container in the form of a pack, pouch, or bag in which reactants for an exothermic chemical reaction are distributed in one or more flexible matrixes that prevent them from shifting. The rate of the reaction is controlled and the reaction is thermally buffered in order that heat be produced at a constant rate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mujlti-compartment pack for colling or heating products. The pack includes a first compartment with a solid matter or a liquid and a second compartment with a liquid wherein the first and second compartment are separated by a removable wall.

Abstract: A semi-enclosed applicator (10) for distributing a substance onto a target surface is disclosed having a first side (24) having a first internal surface (32) and a first external surface (31); a second side (26) having a second internal surface (34) and a second external surface (33); an internal cavity (29) between the first and second internal surfaces that is externally accessible, and a temperature changing element. The flexible film pouch (30) contains a product located proximately to the first side (24).

Abstract: A disposable container which has the ability to independently cool or heat a liquid beverage or food product by way of an endothermic or exothermic reaction. The container is disposable and has a double walled configuration to create a chamber therebetween. Within the chamber is a chemical compound which when activated provides the desired reaction upon the contents within the container. Thus, there is no requirement that this device must be subjected to external refrigeration or heat.

Abstract: A self-cooling can comprising an evaporator unit within the can and an absorber unit provided outside the container body. A beverage within the can is cooled by means of vapor which passes from the evaporator to the absorber when these are connected so as to provide a vapor path between the two. The path for water vapor, for example, to pass from the evaporator to the absorber is formed by rupturing a pane between the evaporator and the absorber when the can and part or all of the absorber are rotated relative to each other.

Abstract: A container assembly heats or cools a product inside an inner container. An outer jacket at least partially surrounds the inner container, with a first internal volume and a second internal volume in the space between the outer jacket and the inner container. A first temperature-change reagent is contained inside the first internal volume, and a second temperature-change reagent is held in the second internal volume, with a reagent separator between the two. Several penetrators are disposed to penetrate the reagent separator to produce openings through the separator and through which the two reagents can mix. Steel wool inside the first internal volume acts as a steam condenser. The outer jacket includes a jacket top ring secured around an upper surface of a standard can, a jacket body secured to the jacket top, and a flexible jacket bottom that carries several spikes molded onto the jacket bottom.

Abstract: A self-cooling can (10) which is suitable for cooling 300 ml of beverage by 30° F. in a maximum of 3 minutes comprises an internal evaporator (30) and an absorber unit (20) which is fixed typically to the base of the can. Cooling is initiated by providing a vapour path from the evaporator (30) to a desiccant region of the absorber unit (20). Heat is removed from the vapour and/or any heat due to the reaction with the desiccant (24) by heat sink material (26) around the desiccant region (22).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mujlti-compartment pack for colling or heating products. The pack includes a first compartment with a solid matter or a liquid and a second compartment with a liquid wherein the first and second compartment are separated by a removable wall.

Abstract: A self-heating container (10) has an internal cavity (22) for its contents and an external cavity (20) for a heating mechanism, for example, comprised of first and second chemically reactive materials which are arranged to be mixed when heating is required. A closure (30) closes the external cavity (20). When the heating mechanism is operated to mix the chemicals and cause an exothermic reaction, vapor, such as steam and hot air, is produced. The vapor is constrained to flow to the exterior of the closure (30) through grooves (62) therein. A sleeve (60) is arranged around the container (10) contiguous to the closure (30) such that the exiting vapor is constrained to flow between the sleeve (30) and the can (10). By this means, a user of the can is protected from coming into contact with the hot steam and air and the heat in the vapor generated can enhance the heating process.

Abstract: A sleeve or a wrapper is used to keep liquid contained in a container, such as a glass or bottle or can, cool. The sleeve contains materials that generate light when activated and chemicals that absorb heat when combined. The light is generated in an upper portion of the sleeve while heat is absorbed in a lower portion of the sleeve. The sleeve can be re-used by storing the sleeve in a refrigerator or freezer after the initial use which does not require such pre-cooling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a powdered mix of a phase change material blend. The blend includes a polar phase change material bound substantially to at least one surface of a clay matrix having a surface charge, wherein the blend is present in a powdered form at temperatures above and below the phase change temperature of the polar phase change material. The present invention also relates to a method of making the powdered mix of a phase change material blend and a therapy pack including the powdered mix of a phase change material blend.