Abstract: A hollow cylindrical thermal shield for a tubular cryogenically cooled superconducting magnet, has a first axis, an inner cylindrical tube having an axis aligned with the first axis, an outer cylindrical tube of greater diameter than the diameter of the inner cylindrical tube, having an axis aligned with the first axis, and annular end pieces, joining the inner cylindrical tube and the outer cylindrical tube to form an enclosure. The hollow cylindrical thermal shield further has a cylindrical stiffener, extending axially at least part of the axial length of the inner cylindrical tube, the stiffener being joined at intervals to the inner cylindrical tube, thereby to improve the mechanical rigidity of the inner cylindrical tube.

Abstract: A superconducting magnet system with a superconducting magnet coil system disposed in a cryogenic fluid tank (2) of a cryostat (1), and a refrigerator (6) for cooling the cryogenic fluid that cools the magnet, is characterized in that a radiation shield (5; 21; 31; 41; 51) is provided which separates a refrigerator space (4) from the cryogenic fluid tank (2), wherein the entire cooling region (9) of the refrigerator (6) is disposed in the refrigerator space (4), and wherein the radiation shield (5; 21; 31; 41; 51) has openings (11; 22; 44, 45; 53) for gas or fluid exchange between the refrigerator space (4) and the cryogenic fluid tank (2). Should the refrigerator fail, the thermal input into the cryostat is reduced, and the safety of the maintenance staff is improved in case of a quench.

Abstract: An arrangement for electrically conductively connecting two electrical units by means of a bipolar high voltage direct current transmission, in which between the units are arranged at least two electrical direct current cables constructed as superconductive cables. The superconductive cables are mounted separately from each other in a cryostat (1,2) suitable for conducting a cooling agent which has at least one metal pipe provided with a thermal insulation. The cryostats (1,2) are connected with at least one of their ends to a cooling plant (7) supplying the cooling agent and a pipeline (3) is placed parallel to the two cryostats (1,2). The pipeline (3) is connected at both its ends to the two cryostats (1,2) through valves (15,16,17) which are closed during uninterrupted operation and, in the case of an interruption at one of the superconductive cables, the pipeline (3) serves with the then open valves for conducting the cooling agent intended for the cryostat of the impaired cable.

Abstract: A sample cooling apparatus capable of cooling and holding samples or wafers at a cryogenic temperature with no vibration or drift with respect to a measurement reference surface is disclosed. In the sample cooling apparatus, a sample holder is arranged in a vacuum vessel mounted on a housing having a table for forming a measurement reference surface to be supported by a thermal insulator. A frame is disposed within the housing to be supported by a first buffer. A refrigerating machine is disposed in the frame to be supported by a second buffer and has a head directed to the vacuum vessel. The cooling head of the refrigerating machine is connected to the sample holder by way of a flexible thermal conduction member.

Abstract: A method of rotating a sample for use in a cryocooler, having the steps of mounting a sample in a sample mounting apparatus, the apparatus comprising a housing having an outer wall surface, an inner wall surface, a mount attached to the inner wall surface for supporting the sample, and a motor for rotating the sample, and an exchange gas to provide thermal communication between the moving sample and the inner housing surfaces; sealing the housing by applying a sealant to adjoining parts of the housing such that the joints are air tight; evacuating the housing; adding an inert gas to the housing; sealing the inert gas in the housing; attaching the outer wall surface of the housing to a cryocooler; and rotating the sample by engaging the motor. Also disclosed is a cryogenic apparatus having a sample holder; a cryo-cooler; a thermal link connecting the sample holder and the cryo-cooler; and a motor attached to the sample holder for rotating a sample.

Abstract: A system and method to connect a cryocooler (refrigerator) to a superconducting magnet or cooled object allows for replacement without the need to break the cryostat vacuum or the need to warm up the superconducting magnet or other cooled object. A pneumatic or other type of actuator establishes a thermo-mechanical coupling. The mechanical closing forces are directed perpendicular (cross-axially) to the cryocooler axis and are not applied to the thin wall cryocooler body or to the thin cryostat walls or to the cooled object or to its shield. It is also possible that some of the compressive force be transferred to the cryocooler body. In that case, the extensions are designed so that the forces transferred to the cryocooler thermal stages do not exceed allowable stresses in the cryocooler stage.

Abstract: The invention describes a method for cooling at least one super-conducting magnet. According to the invention, the cooling of the super-conducting magnet(s) takes place exclusively by means of one or more helium flows which are at at least two temperature levels.

Abstract: A cryostat has a tank for accommodation of a coolant and at least one superconducting magnet coil to generate a magnetic field. The tank has on a top side at least one tower pipe for filling the coolant and/or for venting vaporized coolant. In order to immediately indicate if and when sealing of filling pipes and discharging pipes with (for example) ice has occurred, a pressure sensor is connected via a pressure sensor pipe with the inside of the tank.

Abstract: A method for fast cooling of samples comprises: pressurizing a liquid coolant source; securing a sample in a sample container; securing the sample container onto an insertion mechanism; with the insertion mechanism outside a cryogenic cooling chamber, inserting the sample container into the cryogenic cooling chamber through an opening of the cooling chamber; locking the insertion mechanism and securing the sample container in place some distance away from a cooling head, but within range of a continuous stream of pressurized liquid coolant; cooling the sample by spraying the sample container with a continuous stream of pressurized liquid coolant; and retrieving the sample container after cooling.

Abstract: A low-noise cooling apparatus is provided. The cooling apparatus includes an outer container and an inner container. A thermal insulation layer in a vacuum state is disposed between the outer container and the inner container. The inner container includes a Dewar containing a liquid refrigerant, a prepolarization coil arranged inside the inner container and immersed in the liquid refrigerant, a pick-up coil immersed in the liquid refrigerant, and a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) electrically connected to the pick-up coil and immersed in the liquid refrigerant. The prepolarization coil is made of a superconductor.

Abstract: A cryostat includes a rotatable mounting arranged to rotate about a first rotational axis, the mounting extending substantially in a first plane, a sample plate arranged in use to support a sample, located on the rotatable mounting, and a heat sink located adjacent the side of the mounting distant from the sample plate. A thermal conductor extends between the sample plate and the heat sink. The conductor extends through an aperture in the rotatable mounting. A rotatable sample holder for a cryostat includes a sample plate having a first side arranged in use to support a sample, a drive gear arranged to rotate about a first rotational axis, and a driven gear arranged to rotate about a second rotational axis, engaged with the drive gear and coupled to the sample plate such that rotation of the drive gear causes the driven gear and sample holder to rotate. The first rotational axis does not intersect the second rotational axis.

Abstract: A cryostat (1) with a magnet coil system including superconductors for the production of a magnet field B0 in a measuring volume (3) has a plurality of radially nested solenoid-shaped coil sections (4, 5, 6) which are electrically connected in series, at least one of which being an LTS section (5, 6) with a conventional low temperature superconductor (LTS) and at least one of which being an HTS section (4) including a high temperature superconductor (HTS), wherein the LTS section (5, 6) is located in a first helium tank (9) of the cryostat (1) along with liquid helium at a helium temperature TL<4 K. The apparatus is characterized in that the HTS section (4) is disposed radially within the LTS section (5, 6) in a separate helium tank (19) of the cryostat (1) having normal liquid helium and is separated from the LTS section (5, 6) by means of at least one wall disposed between the two helium tanks.

Abstract: A cryostat (1) with a magnet coil system including superconductors for the production of a magnet field B0 in a measuring volume (3) has a plurality of radially nested solenoid-shaped coil sections (4, 5, 6) and which are electrically connected in series, at least one of which being an LTS section (5, 6) with a conventional low temperature superconductor (LTS) and at least one of which being an HTS section (4) including a high temperature superconductor (HTS), wherein the magnet coil system is located in a helium tank (9) of the cryostat (1) along with liquid helium at a helium temperature TL. The apparatus is characterized in that a chamber (11) is provided within which the HTS sections (4) are held having an internal portion with a sufficiently low pressure such that helium located therein at a temperature of TL is gaseous. The cryostat in accordance with the invention can be utilized to maintain HTS coil sections over a long period of time in a reliable fashion.

Abstract: A cryopump includes a thermal shield where a first condensing panel is provided; and a cryocooler connected to the thermal shield; wherein the thermal shield is divided into a plurality of members including a first member and a second member; the first member forms a thermal path between the first condensing panel and the cryocooler; the second member does not form the thermal path; the first member is made of a material having a thermal conductivity higher than a thermal conductivity of a material of the second member; and a material, having a heat capacity smaller than a heat capacity of the first member in a case where the heat capacity of the first member and the heat capacity of the second member are compared with each other under the conditions of the same volumes, is used as the material of the second member.

Abstract: A superconducting magnet assembly and method of cooling a superconducting magnet assembly.

Abstract: A precooling device for a thermal radiation shield of a superconducting magnet has a mechanical heat conductive member in contact with the thermal radiation shield of a superconducting magnet, for cooling the thermal radiation shield down to a second temperature before the second stage of precooling of the superconducting magnet, this second temperature being below the temperature of the thermal radiation shield after a first stage of precooling of the superconducting magnet. A superconducting magnet and magnetic resonance imaging equipment embody such a precooling device. The precooling device reduces the external radiation heat onto a cryogen vessel, thereby reducing the consumption of cryogen.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system with a thermal reservoir and method for cooling are provided. A cooling vessel for a magnet system of the MRI system includes a first portion containing a helium cryogen in contact with a plurality of magnet coils of an MRI system. The cooling vessel also includes a second portion separate from and fluidly decoupled from the first portion, with the second portion containing a material different than the helium cryogen and having a volume greater than the first portion.

Abstract: The present invention relaters to a cryostat (1) having a cryostat chamber (2) containing a microtome (3) for cutting frozen specimens, and further containing an illumination device (4) for illuminating the cryostat chamber (2); the illumination device (4) providing safelight illumination.

Abstract: A system and method for accumulating pressurized liquefied gas or cryogenic fluids in which a source supply of liquefied gas or cryogenic fluid is fed to a pump which pressurizes the fluid and feeds it to a liquid accumulator. The pump also feeds a first vaporizer which vaporizes the fluid and feeds it into the headspace of the liquid accumulator thereby building pressure in the liquid accumulator. The pressurized liquid is then fed to a second vaporizer where the pressurized liquid is vaporized before use.

Abstract: A cryogenic magnet system, comprising a cryogenic vessel (1) housing a magnet winding, a vacuum jacket (3) enclosing the cryogenic vessel and a refrigerator (4) at least partially housed within the vacuum jacket and thermally linked (6) to the cryogenic vessel. In particular, the system further comprises an electromagnetic shield.

Abstract: A fluid control assembly is connected between a cold gas container intended to be operated at deep cryogenic temperatures (e.g., 4K) and a gas reservoir for controlling the flow of fluid between the container and the reservoir. The fluid control assembly may be a passive valve assembly or an electrically controlled valve assembly which controls fluid flow between the reservoir and the container as a function of temperature and/or pressure differentials. The fluid control assembly enables the container to be rapidly cooled by restricting the amount of fluid flow from the reservoir into the container when the container is subjected to thermal cycling within a limited temperature range (e.g., 4K to 11K). The fluid control assembly together with the gas reservoir and the container form a thermal damper which is suited for use in a cryocooling system for producing the cryogenic temperatures (e.g., 4K) to operate superconducting devices which may need to be thermally cycled to remove trapped flux.

Abstract: A pulsed magnetic field is generated by a device having a magnet to be operated in pulse operation which contains at least one superconductive refrigerant-free winding that is disk-shaped or saddle-shaped. Also included is a refrigerating unit which has at least one cold head. A line system, having a refrigerant circulating in it according to a thermosiphon effect, thermally couples the winding to the cold head. The line system has a plurality of separate pipes lying next to one another. The pipes, open onto a common refrigerant distributor and closed at the other end, are thermally coupled to the surface of the disk-shaped or saddle-shaped winding.

Abstract: A method and system for installing and maintaining submerged pumps is disclosed. The submerged pump may be positioned within a product storage vessel. Alternatively the submerged pump may be positioned within a product storage vessel with a sump that is integral with and not removable from the vessel. The pump may used for the movement of products, such as cryogenic liquids, including but not limited to, nitrogen, argon, ethylene, natural gas, nitrous-oxide, carbon-monoxide, hydrogen, helium, and carbon-dioxide. Superior results are obtained with respect to access, maintenance and handling of the pump within a product storing vessel.

Abstract: A system for accelerating particles includes an RF cavity that contains a ferrite core and a liquid dielectric. Characteristics of the ferrite core and the liquid dielectric, among other factors, determine the resonant frequency of the RF cavity. The liquid dielectric is circulated to cool the ferrite core during the operation of the system.

Abstract: An arrangement with at least one superconductive cable (1) is indicated which is arranged in a cryostat (KR) serving for guiding a cooling agent, wherein the cryostat (KR) includes at least one thermally insulated metal pipe to the outside of the cryostat (KR) is applied an electrically well conductive material that is composed of at least two strands (6, 7) which are wound one above the other with oppositely pitched direction around the cryostat (KR). The strands are connected fixedly and immovably to the cryostat (KR) at fixed points (8) mounted at axial spacings.

Abstract: A method, system and production and storage facility is disclosed for offshore LPG and LNG processing of associated gases. The system includes a first production facility and a second production and storage facility. The first facility receives and processes produced fluids to produce crude oil, water and rich associated gases. The second facility includes a gas treatment unit for processing the rich associated gases to remove contaminants and produce a treated gas stream of hydrocarbons. The second facility also has at least one LPG and/or LNG production unit for producing one of LPG and/or LNG from the treated gas stream. At least one storage tank on the second facility stores at least one of the LPG and/or LNG. The second production facility may be a retrofit LNG or LPG carrier. The treatment unit, LPG and/or LNG production and needed offloading facilities and equipment can be added to the LNG/LPG carrier. Existing storage tanks can be modified as needed or else new storage tanks can also be added.

Abstract: A liquefied gas supply system and method can supply the liquefied gas in a plurality of liquefied gas containers uniformly to supply huge amount of gas constantly. A liquefied gas supply system comprises a plurality of liquefied gas containers 1, a detector 2 installed in each of the containers 1 to detect a volume of liquefied gas contained in each of the containers 1, a heating device 3 installed on each of the container 1 and a control device 7 to process information obtained by each of the detectors 2 and control each of the heating devices 3. The control device 7 controls each of the heating devices 3 based on a value obtained by overall processing of the information obtained by each of the detectors 2.

Abstract: A cooling arrangement for an electrical connector for a superconductor including at least one superconductor arranged in a container and the container is arranged in a vacuum chamber. A cryocooler is thermally connected to the container to cool the container and the contents of the container including the superconductor. The electrical connector extends through the vacuum chamber and the container to the at least one superconductor. The electrical connector has a thermally conducting and electrically insulating arrangement. The thermally conducting and electrically insulating arrangement comprises an electrically insulating member contacting the electrical connector. A thermally conducting member contacts the electrically insulating member and the thermally conducting member is thermally connected to the to cool the electrical connector.

Abstract: A heat pipe arranged between warm and cold connection elements is intended to be filled at least partially with a refrigerant, which can be circulated in the heat pipe by a thermosiphon effect. The parts of a device, particularly in superconducting technology, which are to be cooled are connected to the warm connection element and a heat sink is connected to the cold connection element. To thermally separate the warm and cold connection elements, the refrigerant can be pumped off through the pipeline connected to the interior of the heat pipe.

Abstract: A general method of cooling and maintaining the uniform temperature of an extended structure is provided with specific application discussed of keeping a superconducting coil at cryogenic temperatures in the presence of external heat loads that may be variable in space and time. The approach embeds the structure to be cooled (208) into the vapor space (108) of a heat pipe assembly (202), which consists of an outer wall (116), a fluid wicking mechanism (110, 114), thermal insulation (118) and a mechanism for heat extraction, such as the cold tip (206) of a cryocooler (204).

Abstract: For providing a refrigerator coupling structure for enabling attaching/detaching and re-cooling of the refrigerator in a short time-period, by suppressing a heat movement from the refrigerator at the room temperature to an object to be cooled, which is cooled down to cryogenic temperature when attaching a cryogenic refrigerator thereon, while suppressing a volume of heat invasion into the object to be cooled, it has a heat contact portion having a flexible portion at least in a part thereof, which is coupled with a cold stage of the cryogenic refrigerator 1, wherein on an outer peripheral portion of this heat contact portion is provided a heat contracting ring, which has a heat contraction rate larger than that of the heat contact portion.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage and supply system comprises a storage vessel containing a liquefied or condensed hydrogen in sufficient contact with a catalyst inside the vessel. The storage vessel comprises an inner tank, an outer jacket, a vacuum insulation between said inner tank and outer jacket, and a catalyst disposed inside the inner tank, wherein the catalyst is capable of converting para-hydrogen to ortho-hydrogen at temperatures between about 20° K to about 80° K. A process of storing and supplying hydrogen using the system is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system for cooling superconducting materials used for magnetization of magnets disposed within a cylindrical structure, the system including a first tubing system for allowing a cooling gas to interact with a high-field strength superconducting material to thermosiphon-cool the high-field strength superconducting material, a second tubing system for allowing a cooling gas to interact with a low-field strength superconducting material to thermosiphon-cool the low-field strength superconducting material, and a cooling gas in liquefied form configured to flow through the first tubing system and/or the second tubing system. An outlet of the first tubing system and an outlet of the second tubing system are located at a same location on a surface of the cylindrical structure. A method for cool superconducting materials used for magnetization of magnets disposed within a cylindrical structure is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention concerns an installation for cryogenic cooling comprising: a main reservoir (1) for a two-phase cryogenic fluid wherein is immersed a superconductor device (4) to be cooled; an auxiliary reservoir (9); and a hydrostatic duct between the bases of the main and auxiliary reservoirs; the auxiliary reservoir being arranged relative to the main reservoir and being dimensioned so as to be able to receive at least a large part of the cryogenic fluid present in liquid form (2) in the main reservoir; restricting means (11) being incorporated in an output manifold (7a) connected to the main reservoir; thus, when the superconductor gets rapidly heated, cryogenic liquid from the main reservoir is delivered, by the vaporized cryogenic fluid pressure, into the auxiliary reservoir wherefrom it flows again by gravity towards the main reservoir when the pressure of the vaporized fluid decreases.

Abstract: A cryostat configuration (10), with at least one cryostat (11), which has at least one first chamber (1) with supercooled liquid helium having a temperature of less than 4 K and at least one further chamber (2), which contains liquid helium having a temperature of approximately 4.

Abstract: A fault current limiter comprising: an input node; an output node; a variable impedance element coupled between the input node and the output node; a closed loop cryocooler circuit, comprising a first cryocooler for cooling the variable impedance element and a second cryocooler, thermally coupled to the first cryocooler, for cooling the first coolant, wherein the variable impedance element comprises Magnesium Diboride.

Abstract: A low eddy current cryogen circuit for superconducting magnets including at least a first cooling coil made of an electrically conducting material and having at least one electrical isolator incorporated in the first cooling coil. The electrical isolator is located to inhibit induced eddy current loops due to inductive coupling of the first cooling coil with eddy current inducing field sources.

Abstract: A cryostat comprises a cryogen vessel suspended within an outer vacuum container, the cryogen vessel is supported by an arrangement that includes at least one housing mounted on an exterior surface of the outer vacuum container and arranged to function as a floor mounting foot, for supporting weight of the cryogen vessel and the outer vacuum container, and at least two mounting points mounted within the housing(s). Each of at least two suspension elements (an upper suspension element and a lower suspension element) extends through a hole in the surface of the outer vacuum container, between the respective mounting point and a respective point on the cryogen vessel.

Abstract: A freezer that uses liquid cryogen as a refrigerant includes an inner vessel defining a storage chamber and an outer jacket generally surrounding the inner vessel so that an insulation space is defined there between. A heat exchanger is positioned in a top portion of the storage chamber and has an inlet in communication with a supply of the liquid cryogen refrigerant so that the liquid cryogen refrigerant selectively flows through the heat exchanger to cool the storage chamber while being vaporized. A purge line is in communication with the outlet of the heat exchanger and includes a purge outlet positioned over the exterior of the heat exchanger. A purge valve is positioned within the purge line so that the vaporized liquid cryogen from the heat exchanger is selectively directed to the exterior of the heat exchanger to reduce ice formation on the heat exchanger.

Abstract: The present disclosure is generally directed towards magnetization of permanent magnets using superconducting magnetizers. For example, in one embodiment, a superconducting magnetizer assembly is provided. The assembly includes a coil pack having an inner coil including a first superconducting magnet material, the coil being configured to generate a first magnetic field in response to an electric current supplied to the coil, and an outer coil including a second superconducting magnet material, the outer coil being disposed about the inner coil and being configured to generate a second magnetic field in response to an electric current supplied to the outer coil. The coil pack also includes a container configured to house the inner and the outer coils.

Abstract: Provided is a superconducting cable configured to improve superconductivity by increasing reflectivity of cryostats and enhancing cooling performance. The superconducting cable includes: a core provided with a conductor; and a cryostat surrounding a periphery of the core. A material of the cryostat is aluminum or an aluminum alloy and a surface roughness of the cryostat is 30 microns or less in terms of RMS value.

Abstract: A burst disc arrangement for a cryostat comprising a replaceable burst disc (52) held in compression between a high-pressure flange formed at an end of a high-pressure conduit (12), and a low-pressure flange (60) formed at an end of a low-pressure conduit (14). In particular, the burst disc arrangement further comprises: a housing (50) enclosing the high- and low-pressure flanges; and compression means (56), distributed around the housing (50) and being arranged to bear upon the one of the flanges (60), so as to urge it towards the other flange, thereby retaining the burst disc (52) in compression between the flanges. The housing (50) includes a first opening (20) large enough to allow the replaceable burst disc (52) to pass therethrough.

Abstract: A method for cooling a superconducting magnet enclosed in a cryostat of a magnetic resonance imaging system comprises introducing a gas into a cooling path in the cryostat from an input portion outside the cryostat. A heat exchanger in the cooling path is cooled by a refrigerator outside the cryostat. The gas at the heat exchanger is cooled as a cold gas or is condensed at the heat exchanger into a liquid cryogen. The cold gas or liquid cryogen from the heat exchanger flows through at least a connection tube to a magnet cooling tube, which is in thermal contact with the superconducting magnet. Heat from the superconducting magnet is removed by warming the cold gas into warm gas or by the boiling the liquid cryogen into boiled-off gas. The warm gas or boiled-off gas is transmitted back to the heat exchanger to re-cool the warm gas or re-condense the boiled-off gas for further cooling the superconducting magnet to a superconducting temperature.

Abstract: Provided is a cryostat that can effectively prevent water condensation on the surface of a cell. The cryostat includes: a casing having an inlet port and exit port; a cell housing provided in the casing; a temperature controller for adjusting the temperature of the cell; a first optical path tube for guiding a light beam from the inlet port of the casing to the cell housing; a second optical path tube for guiding the light beam having passed through the cell housing to the exit port of the casing; first and second optical windows disposed at openings, exposed to the outside, of the first and second optical path tubes, respectively; and sealing materials having a water vapor transmission rate of 30000 cc·cm2·mm·sec·cm Hg×1010 or lower, disposed at the peripheries of the first and second optical windows to seal the first and second optical path tubes.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for cooling an object with a cryogen having a critical point defined by a critical-point pressure and a critical-point temperature. A pressure of the cryogen is raised above a pressure value determined to provide the cryogen at a reduced molar volume that prevents vapor lock. Thereafter, the cryogen is placed in thermal communication with the object to increase a temperature of the cryogen along a thermodynamic path that maintains the pressure greater than the critical-point pressure for a duration that the cryogen and object are in thermal communication.

Abstract: A damping apparatus is disclosed having at least one magnet, a conducting member movable relative to the magnet, a cryogenic fluid, and a channel that confines the cryogenic fluid in contact with the conducting member. The cryogenic fluid may maintain the conducting member at cryogenic temperatures, thereby increasing a damping force provided by the conducting member to a payload.

Abstract: A method is specified for operation of an arrangement having at least one superconducting cable, which is surrounded by a cryostat which consists of two metallic tubes, which are arranged concentrically with respect to one another and enclose vacuum insulation between them. The cryostat surrounds not only the cable but also a cavity for a pressurized coolant to pass through. A reservoir area, which is connected to the cryostat, for the coolant is arranged at least at one end of the cryostat and a pump is used which forces the coolant into the cryostat during operation of the arrangement. A valve is arranged at least in the supply path of the coolant from the reservoir area to the cryostat, which valve is open during operation of the arrangement, is connected to at least one unit monitoring the soundness of the cryostat and is blocked when a signal which corresponds to a fault message is present from the monitoring unit, in order to interrupt the supply of the coolant to the cryostat.

Abstract: A superconducting magnetizer includes a thermal shield disposed within a vacuum chamber. A superconducting magnet is disposed within the thermal shield and configured to generate a magnetic field in response to an electric current supplied to the superconducting magnet. A heat transfer device comprising at least one of a thermal conduction device, and a heat pipe is disposed contacting the superconducting magnet. A cryocooler is coupled to the heat transfer device and configured to cool the superconducting magnet via the heat transfer device.

Abstract: A displacer for adjusting a level of a liquid cryogen in a cryostat. The displacer including an expandable member at least partially defining a sealed chamber. The expandable member being configured to transition from a collapsed state where the sealed chamber has a smaller volume to an expanded state where the sealed chamber has a larger volume. The displacer includes a first end piece attached to a first end of the expandable member and a second end piece attached to a second end of the expandable member.

Abstract: Improved process for evacuating the thermally insulating jacket of a dewar having an inner wall and an outer wall, with the inner space between said walls completely or partially filled with an insulating material, containing also a moisture sorbing material and a getter material, in which said moisture sorbing material is a chemical drying agent.