Abstract: Novel crystal gels and articles are formed from one or more block copolymers having at least one crystalline midblock and high levels of a plasticizer, said midblock segment having an amount of crystallinity sufficient to achieve improvements in one or more physical properties including improved crack propagation resistance, improved tear resistance, improved resistance to fatigue and resistance to catastrophic failure not obtainable in amorphous gels.

Abstract: An improved above-the-knee prosthesis with an anatomically configured socket is characterized by one or more contours which correspond to a pre-selected anatomical contour of the upper or lower residual thigh. By exaggerating the depth of the contour in the socket as compared with the corresponding contour in the thigh, the socket grips the residual thigh and maintains the femur in proper alignment. The new channels and contours allow the patient using the socket to have improved rotational support and control over the prosthesis by providing structures which the muscles of the upper and lower residual thigh can "grip." The socket snugly contains the thigh and maintains it, throughout the gait cycle, in a proper anatomical position. This fit increases the comfort of the prosthesis and minimizes gait abnormalities common with other artificial limbs. The increased support helps maintain the physical condition of the residual limb.

Abstract: Articles of apparel for an amputee's residuum and for non-amputees who desire or require padding or joint support.

Abstract: A below-knee prosthesis with a rigid, bowl-shaped outer shaft having a closed distal end, and with a flexible inner shaft which is fitted therein in a removable manner and which likewise has a closed distal end and also an air chamber which can be inflated via a valve.

Abstract: Elastomeric interface for prosthesis having two integral and inseparable sections separated by a line of demarcation where the hardness of the two sections is shown. The interface has a first soft section and a second hard section. The soft section makes contact with the skin. The hard section is located at the connection points to the prosthesis. The interface is made by injecting a first batch of soft elastomer into a mold, followed by the injection of a second batch of hard elastomer into the mold, onto the first-formed part, so that the materials of different hardness bond naturally to one another.

Abstract: A composite socket member for use with a prosthetic appliance for a residual limb which comprises an outer socket which defines an inner cavity generally conforming to the outer surface of a residual limb, an inner socket which defines an inner cavity and being adapted to receive said residual limb, with said inner socket conforming to the shape of said outer socket and when nested within the cavity of said outer socket defines an air space between the inner surface of said outer socket and the outer surface of said inner socket and an inflatable bladder being disposed between the inner surface of said outer socket and the outer surface of said inner socket. The inner socket contains at least one flex area in its side wall at a preselected weight-bearing location whereby upon inflation of said bladder, pressure is applied by said bladder against said side wall at said preselected weight-bearing location of the residual limb to control the movement and rotation stability of said prosthetic appliance.

Abstract: A hypobarically-controlled artificial limb for amputees comprises an outer socket, a flexible, compressible inner socket within the outer socket with a cavity for receiving the residual limb, a space between the inner socket and the outer socket, a vacuum source connected to the cavity, a positive pressure source connected to the space, a regulator for controlling the vacuum source and positive pressure source, and a seal for making an airtight seal between the residual limb and the socket. Another embodiment includes a semi-compressible molding material in the space to mold to the contours of the residual limb under the influence of vacuum and/or positive pressure.

Abstract: A thigh prosthesis with a shell-type sleeve and a plurality of cheeks adjustable sleeve-inward and sleeve-outward arranged on the sleeve wall, is characterized in that such cheeks are elongated and are disposed in the dorso-lateral zone in connection to the side of the thigh bone, extending from proximal to distal, and in approximately round form in the medial distal zone. The stump zones concerned have proved especially well suited for the initiation of lateral forces and for volume reductions possibly sought or to be compensated therewith on the stump. Moreover, by abduction, the abnormal position of the thigh bone frequently encountered in thigh-amputated patients can be corrected. Preferably the cheeks are formed by inflatable cushions which, in the case of two-sleeve prostheses, are advantageously arranged between an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve. A further such cushion may be disposed within the sleeve in the stump end zone.

Abstract: A prosthetic device primarily intended for use by amputees and in particular, leg amputees. The prosthesis includes a relatively rigid, support shell dimensioned to receive a portion of the residual limb and a pad member having a plurality of pouches at least partially filled with fluid. The pad member substantially encircles the leg with its fluid pouches being positioned adjacent one another about and along the leg. Each pouch is supported between the leg and the shell and has inner and outer pouch layers with the fluid being contained between them. Portions of each inner layer fold back on one another to form wrinkles wherein slack is maintained in the inner layer so that it can conform to the user's leg without hammocking or being drawn taut. It can also accommodate and move with the user's leg relative to the support shell without being tensioned or distended.

Abstract: A composite socket member for use with a prosthetic appliance for a residual limb which comprises an outer socket which defines an inner cavity generally conforming to the outer surface of a residual limb, an inner socket which defines an inner cavity and being adapted to receive the residual limb, with the inner socket conforming to the shape of the outer socket and when nested within the cavity of the outer socket defines an air space between the inner surface of the outer socket and the outer surface of the inner socket and an inflatable bladder being disposed between the inner surface of the outer socket and the outer surface of the inner socket. The inner socket contains at least one opening through its side wall at a preselected weight-bearing location whereby upon inflation of the bladder, pressure is applied by the bladder through the side wall opening against the preselected weight-bearing location of the residual limb to control the movement and rotation stability of the prosthetic appliance.

Abstract: A liner that covers an amputation stump and which cushions the stump when it is placed into a prosthesis socket includes selectively inflatable bladders foe customizing the liner to fit individual patients. The liner is made of two liner parts, one being an inner liner and the other being an outer liner. The inner liner is placed onto the amputation stump and a prosthetist determines the region or regions where bladders are needed to provide a comfortable fit. The region or regions are outlined with an adhesive and the outer liner is then brought into overlying relation to the inner liner so that the two liner parts adhere to one another along the outlined regions. Upon inflation, the inner liner conforms to the shape of the amputation stump to provide enhanced cushioning and the outer liner conforms to the shape of the interior wall of the socket and the patient receives a custom fit from a simple appliance.

Abstract: A liner that covers an amputation stump and which cushions the stump when it is placed into a prosthesis socket includes selectively inflatable bladders for customizing the liner to fit individual patients. In a first embodiment, the liner is made of two liner parts, one being an inner liner and the other being an outer liner. The inner liner is placed onto the amputation stump and a prosthetist determines the region or regions where bladders are needed to provide a comfortable fit. The region or regions are outlined with an adhesive and the outer liner is then brought into overlying relation to the inner liner so that the two liner parts adhere to one another along the outlined regions. Upon inflation, the inner liner conforms to the shape of the amputation stump to provide enhanced cushioning and the outer liner conforms to the shape of the interior wall of the socket and the patient receives a custom fit from a simple appliance.

Abstract: An above-the-knee prosthesis with an anatomically configured socket. The socket is characterized by one or more contours which correspond to pre-selected anatomical contours of the residual thigh. By slightly exaggerating the depth of the contour in the socket as compared with the corresponding contour in the thigh, the socket grips the residual thigh and maintains the femur in proper alignment and prevents rotation. Thus, discomfort and the gait abnormalities common in above-the-knee prostheses are reduced or eliminated. A system of inflatable compartments may be included for adjusting the size and fit of the prosthesis. Each of the inflatable compartments corresponds to one of the anatomical contours in the socket and is separately inflatable. In this way, the patient may adjust the dimensions of the socket and, more specifically, the depths of certain contours in the socket as needed to accommodate changes in the size of the residual thigh due to fluid shifts or swelling.

Abstract: A polycentric variable axis hinge for use in an orthopedic knee brace to provide a mechanical joint between the femoral and tibial cuffs of the brace. The hinge includes a femoral stem which is attached to the femoral cuff and which extends downwardly from the femoral cuff, and it also includes a tibial stem attached to the tibial cuff and extending upwardly from the tibial cuff. The ends of the two stems overlap one another to provide a joint. The distal end of the femoral stem has first and second variable radii slots formed in it, the slots being positioned one above the other and extending in the anterior-posterior direction, and the lower slot being longer than the upper slot. A first bearing pin is mounted on the distal end of the tibial stem, and it is received in the upper slot. Two additional bearing pins are mounted on the distal end of the tibial stem and are received in the lower slot.

Abstract: A valve housing for a prosthetic socket has a secure leak-free mechanical interlock formed between the valve housing and the socket. A valve housing has an opening for receiving a removable relief valve. A plug separate from the relief valve is first removably secured in the opening in the valve housing, followed by fastening the valve housing and the plug to a model defining the shape of the finished socket. The fastened plug closes off the opening through the valve housing. The exterior wall of the valve housing has a mechanical interlock, preferably a pair of O-rings extending circumferentially around the body of the valve housing. A thermoplastic material is drawn down over the plugged valve housing and around the interlock device to cover the valve housing and the model. In one embodiment, a releasable pressure clamp is applied to the softened plastic that extends circumferentially around the exterior of the valve housing.

Abstract: A removeable and adjustable prosthetic insert disposed between the stump of a limb and the socket of a prosthesis is comprised of a high strength, pliable polymeric material within which are formed a plurality of spaced air pockets, or voids, which are coupled together by a series of connecting channels, or passages. Using an air valve extending through the polymeric material and coupled to the closed air pocket/channel system, the air pockets may be inflated to fill the stump/socket interspace and provide a tight-fitting, air cushioned prosthetic socket attachment. The air inflatable prosthetic insert can accommodate changes in the condition of the stump and applies a uniform prosthetic attaching force thereto. Other embodiments also employ an inflatable air cushion and make use of spaced, solid spheres disposed between air passages arranged in a grid-like array; and pinched tubing with interconnecting air passages to form a series of inflatable nodules.

Abstract: An apparatus for mounting a socket above the knee of an amputee, wherein the socket is arranged for mounting a prosthesis to a lower terminal end thereof. The sleeve includes an internal cage formed of rigid rods, including hook members imbedded within a semi-spherical sleeve support, with the cage encased in a polymeric covering. A vent is provided through the sleeve support for venting interiorly of the socket. The socket may further include pneumatic chambers for enhanced comfort in support of the socket.

Abstract: The present invention provides for an air cell or cells which may be placed into an existing prosthesis or incorporated into a newly fabricated prosthesis. The air cell is provided with means for manually adjusting the degree of inflation of the air cell so that changes in volume of the residual limb may be compensated for as required. Inflation of the air cell is accomplished by a fingertip operated pump which incorporates a valve for exhausting air from the air cell. The air cell is provided with a number of internal beams which limit the inflation of the air cell to prevent ballooning. One embodiment of the invention incorporates an internal needle valve to allow removal of the air pump.

Abstract: A prosthetic appliance for residual limb is disclosed comprising a prosthesis member having a cavity defined by side walls formed of a rigid molded material. A separate removable molded socket member formed of a flexible material is nested within cavity of the prosthesis member and is adapted to receive the residual limb. Several separate, independently inflatable bladders preferably attached to the exterior of the socket member, when inflated, act against the rigid side walls of the prosthesis member to resiliently force discrete portions of the socket member side walls inwardly to grip the residual limb.

Abstract: A prosthesis having a stump-receiving socket and a plurality of inflatable bladders with a means for the user to vary the pressures therein. The inflatable bladders each include a relatively soft, flexible membrane made of a suitable material such as polyurethane. The membranes are shaped to meet the anatomical characteristic of the wearer. Those membranes located adjacent the weight-bearing portions of the stump will provide a relatively soft uniform surface to support the stump. For those locations near the weight-bearing portions of the stump that should not be subjected to pressures, the adjacent bladder areas are non-inflatable and, therefore, not force inducing. The static pressures in the various bladders are independent of each other and may be regulated by the user.

Abstract: A prosthetic leg component substantially encompasses the tibia or shin portion of the leg and is removably attached to any one of several available prefabricated prosthetic foot devices. Included is a substantially L-shaped member providing for efficient kinetic recoil energy about the ankle upon application of a given load on the device which allows for torsional replication about the tibia while simultaneously providing medial-lateral stability for the user.

Abstract: An air system prosthesis for amputees includes a hollow body with stiff peripheral walls and an open end and a cup shaped partition defining with the walls a first socket. A hollow stump support second socket with stiff peripheral walls is snugly nested within the first socket upon the partition. The second socket includes spaced apart inner and outer walls with cup shaped closed ends interconnected and hermetically sealed at their other ends defining a continuous air chamber between the inner and outer walls adapted to snugly and frictionally receive a human stump. A manually operated air pump and pressure relief valve is mounted upon the outer wall having a normally closed air passage adapted for applying pressurized air to the chamber and for selectively exhausting air therefrom.