Abstract: A process for quenching a heated glass sheet is performed by apparatus (26) that includes a pair of quench units (28) between which the glass sheet is located with each quench unit having nozzles (34) for directing cryogenic flows (36) including a liquid (42) toward the oppositely facing surfaces (38) of the glass sheet so that the liquid completely vaporizes before penetrating the gas boundary layer (40) on each surface of the glass sheet. The cryogenic flows (36) can be initially completely liquid (42) or can be a two phase as the liquid (42) and a gas (44) with the latter preferably being done by spraying the two phase cryogenic flows as liquid droplets and the gas.

Abstract: A process for quenching heated glass sheets is performed by locating a glass sheet between a pair of spaced quench units (28) and directing from first and second arrays of nozzles (34, 64) cryogenic flows (36) interspersed with pressurized air flows (66) so as to cooperate with each other in providing the quenching. In one practice the interspersed cryogenic flows (36) and the pressurized air flows (66) are provided at the same time as each other. In another practice, the interspersed cryogenic flows (36) and pressurized air flows (66) are provided at different times.

Abstract: An apparatus for bending and tempering glass sheets includes a roll conveyor for supporting a glass sheet, the glass sheet having a top and a bottom surface. The roll conveyor includes a plurality of vertically movable rolls for arching the conveyor to a curvature corresponding to a desired degree of bending in the glass sheet. The rolls each have two opposed ends, and at least some of the rolls being deflectable such that at least mid-sections thereof are movable relative to a vertical position of ends thereof. The apparatus further includes a plurality of movable press rollers disposed above the rolls. The press rollers are movable in a vertical direction to apply a pressing force to the top surface of the glass sheet.

Abstract: A glass sheet quench station loader (42) and method for installing a quench module set (44) of lower and upper quench modules (46,48) includes a quench carriage (440) of a horizontally opening U shape that receives the quench modules for the loading. Mounts (446,454) mount the quench modules for movement to the quench station (40) and for subsequent movement from the quench station to permit installation of another quench module set for another production run. The quench loader (42) includes an overhead crane (447) and an overhead railway (448) along which the crane moves to move the quench carriage (440) and the quench modules mounted thereby to and from the quench station.

Abstract: An apparatus for shaping heat softened glass sheets includes a shaping station to receive a heat softened glass sheet to be shaped, first and second transfer stations positioned along opposing sides of the shaping station, and first and second cooling stations positioned adjacent a corresponding transfer station. An upper vacuum mold having first and second downwardly facing, shaped sheet engaging surfaces moves between the transfer stations and within the shaping station. The sheet engaging surfaces of the vacuum mold each have a shaped configuration generally corresponding to a final desired shaped of a glass sheet to be shaped. Heat softened glass sheets are positioned within the shaping station and moved into engagement with one of the sheet engaging surfaces to shape the sheet. Vacuum is drawn along the sheet engaging surface to hold the shaped sheet thereagainst.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adjusting a quench head for glass tempering is provided. The quench head comprises at two nozzle blocks, each one of the nozzle blocks comprising at least one nozzle for directing the flow of a substance in gaseous phase to impinge onto the surface of the glass at certain areas. The nozzle blocks are supported on a frame to form at least one row of nozzle blocks. The frame comprises means for adjusting the tempering conditions effected to the surface of the glass to follow the shape of the surface of the glass. The directions of the flows of the substance in gaseous phase is adjusted such that the distance between the areas where a substance impinges the surface of a glass, between at least one pair of adjacent nozzle blocks and at least one row is kept substantially constant, regardless of the shape of the glass.

Abstract: An apparatus for shaping and transferring of a glass article is provided for a glassware forming machine in order to shape a glass parison in a blowing mold and to transfer the shaped glass article from the blowing mold to a deadplate in front of the machine. A blow nozzle, a blow head, and a take-out mechanism are coupled in a housing to form, cool, and grip the article. The blow nozzle is provided to blow air for the forming of the article and to cool the article once that article has been shaped. The blow head is provided to form a pressure chamber when the blow head is positioned on the blowing mold during the shaping of the glass article, the blow nozzle passing within and through the blow head. The take-out mechanism for gripping the glass article is pivotally mounted in an external part of the housing for movement between a gripping position to grip the glass article after the article has been shaped in the blowing mold and a retracted position to release the article.

Abstract: A forced convection heating apparatus and process for heating glass sheets therewithin. The apparatus includes at least one gas burner for producing hot combustion gases which is to be distributed to the top and/or bottom surfaces of a glass sheet within the apparatus housing. Spent hot working fluid, which has impinged the top and bottom surfaces of the glass sheet, is drawn into a mixing chamber operably positioned about a gas burner. The spent hot working fluid and newly produced hot combustion gases from the gas burner are mixed within the mixing chamber and then distributed toward and into operable contact with at least one of the top and bottom surfaces of the glass sheet.

Abstract: For tempering by contact of a glass sheet having a through hole, cooled clamping pieces coated with thermoresistant fibers having a high thermal conductivity act on the surfaces of the glass sheet heated to the tempering temperature. During the action of the clamping plates, the inner surfaces of the glass sheet defining the hole are struck by a cooling gas. The cooling gas is injected by a jet or nozzle tube located in a clamping plate within a bore, which passes coaxially through the air-permeable covering fabric and, after having been whirled up within the hole, escapes through the fabric via a backflow pipe surrounding the jet or nozzle tube.

Abstract: A method for delivering a glass stream having a first inner layer and a second outer layer, including a generally vertical orifice, and delivering glass from a second source such that the glass from the second source provides an outer layer about the glass from the first source as it flows through the orifice. A resistance heated tube assembly is made of platinum or material having similar resistance heating properties and extends from a glass source to an orifice through which the glass flows from a glass source for the inner layer. The tube assembly includes a tube portion having an inlet end that communicates with the source for the outer layer and an outlet end that communicates with the source. The tube portion has an axis positioned at any angle ranging between the horizontal and vertical but preferably has an axis which is more vertical than horizontal. Flanges are secured to the ends of the tube portion, and the flanges are connected to an electric power supply.

Abstract: A method of tempering an article is disclosed in which an article is heated so that the material making up the article is in an essentially stress-free state and the article thereafter is quenched and cooled. At the conclusion of the quenching, a stress pattern in initiated through the thickness of the article in which the midplane layer is in tension and the surface layers are in compression. This stress pattern is further developed during the cooling stage. The article is quenched by spraying the surfaces with a coolant, preferably comprising either liquid nitrogen or liquid air in the form of a two phase flow of liquid and vapor. The liquid is sprayed so that the surface tensile stress of the surface layers are not exceeded and the liquid does not accumulate on the surface layers as a film.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for producing an optical element capable of performing a molding temperature control required for a plurality of independent molding blocks in a short period of time, and continuously and simultaneously producing a plurality of different optical elements having a high degree of accuracy at a low cost is provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for annealing glass sheets, in which glass sheets are retained within a frame having edge retaining members. The edge retaining members retain the edges of the glass sheet during the annealing operation, thereby hindering warpage and surface damage of the glass sheet during the annealing process.

Abstract: A glass sheet strip annealing lehr (16) is disclosed as including a housing (18) along which a conveyor (26) including a gas support (28) supports a glass sheet strip G by pressurized gas for movement between entry and exit ends (22,24) of the housing before a conveyor drive (32) engages the strip after the surfaces thereof are cooled below the strain point. Best results are achieved when the glass sheet strip is supported only by the gas support (28) until its surfaces are placed in compression. Lower and upper manifolds (34,36) respectively support and convey the glass sheet strip within the housing (18) preferably by a recirculating gas flow supplied by gas burner (76) and associated gas jet pumps (78).

Abstract: A cooling ring assembly (20) and method for controlling stresses in a bent glass sheet G produce a strengthened bent glass sheet after the cooling is completed. The cooling ring assembly includes a cooling ring (22) that supports the glass sheet edge (24), an insulator (30) juxtaposed inboard of the cooling ring to reduce the cooling rate, and a cooler (34) for providing increased cooling to at least one localized area (36,40,58) of the glass sheet edge. The cooler (34) is embodied by a pressurized air supply (42).

Abstract: Apparatus for heating or cooling plate-like or sheet-like flat glass in which the glass is blasted on both sides with a treatment gas, comprising a treatment zone for the flat glass moved substantially longitudinally in the direction of its plane, ejector ribs (5) arranged on both sides of the glass surface and extending transversely to the direction of movement of the flat glass for blowing out the treatment gas, and several ventilators (6) for generating the treatment gas stream supplied to the ejector ribs, with the special feature that at least two transverse flow ventilators per treatment zone are provided as ventilators (6) which are arranged in the vicinity of one or both longitudinal edges of the treatment zone and/or near the longitudinal axis (8) of the treatment zone and with the ventilator axis (7) extending approximately parallel to the direction of movement of the glass surface (10).

Abstract: Quenching apparatus (12) for use in glass heat treatment apparatus comprises a plurality of air flow amplifiers (32) carried on manifolds (26, 28) and arranged in arrays to direct cooling air onto both surfaces of glass (16) being treated. Compressed air is supplied to the manifolds (26, 28) from air receivers (22) charge by a compressor (20) the compressed air flow being controlled by a control valve (24). Air flow received by the air flow amplifiers (32) from the manifolds (26, 28) is amplified to supply a flow of cooling air directed towards the sheet of glass (16). The air flow amplifiers (32) may be air ejectors. A furnace (10) is provided to heat the glass (16) and a conveyor is provided to carry the glass (16) from the furnace (10) to the quenching apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus is presented for economically making crystallized glass products from waste ash produced from the sewage sludge dewatered by organic matters, which is usually regarded to be difficult to process. The melting is performed in two furnaces: the primary melting furnace and the secondary melting furnace. The primary furnace melts waste ash and the primary melt is charged into the secondary melting furnace. The glassy material produced in the secondary melting furnace is charged into a crystallization furnace to convert the glassy material to a crystallized glass product. This basic configuration of the apparatus allows the production of either irregular shaped crystallized products, such as crushed stone like products, or crystallized manufactured products, such as tiles and blocks, depending on the combination of processing equipment and their operating conditions.

Abstract: The problem of unevenness of bottle temperatures at the entry of slow annealing furnace due to the variation of time periods necessary for respective bottles discharged from an IS bottle manufacturing machine to reach the annealing furnace has been solved by an equalization of the time periods. For this purpose, the bottle discharging order from the IS bottle manufacturing machine is controlled and use is made of two conveyors having different running speeds and/or direction of running. As a result, a precise temperature control in the Hot-End-Coating apparatus provided upstream from the annealing furnace can be carried out owing to the equalized temperatures of bottles entering into the annealing furnace.

Abstract: The present invention provides a quench for cooling hot sheet material. The quench includes a plurality of generally horizontally extending, spaced apart nozzle assemblies, each having a longitudinally extending air supply conduit with orifices extending to an outer surface of the conduit. A first plenum is interconnected to a first end of each of the conduits and a second plenum is interconnected to a second end of each of the conduits to allow cooling fluid to pass from the plenums into each of the nozzle assemblies through the conduit. The plenums are located at positions spaced laterally outward from the nozzle assemblies.

Abstract: A glass sheet pressing and quenching apparatus including an open center ring having a shape generally corresponding to the shape of the glass sheet and a top support surface extending generally horizontally and conforming to the desired surface contour of the glass sheet. A plurality of flat insulating platelets are removably mounted on the top support surface to define an accurate glass contact surface having low thermal conductivity. The insulating platelets may include a plurality of horizontally inwardly spaced projections with passageways therebetween for communicating quench air therethrough. The ring is mounted on a support frame via a plurality of leveling assemblies, each of which include a mounting plate secured to the ring and adapted to receive a threaded connector having a spherical end portion which is mounted for limited movement within a generally spherical mounting receptacle secured to the support frame.

Abstract: The problem of unevenness of bottle temperatures at the entry of slow annealing furnace due to the variation of time periods necessary for respective bottles discharged from an IS bottle manufacturing machine to reach the annealing furnace has been solved by an equalization of said time periods. For this purpose, the bottle discharging order from the IS bottle manufacturing machine is controlled and use is made of two conveyors having different running speeds and/or direction of running. As a result, a precise temperature control in the Hot-End-Coating apparatus provided upstream from the annealing furnace can be carried out owing to the equalized temperatures of bottles entering into the annealing furnace.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting a glass sheet during a tempering process is provided in which a truss ring structure having a hot/cold ring and a plurality of shaped fingers having converging diagonal sides extending from the hot/cold ring supports the glass sheet. The apparatus further includes cushioning means which may include at least one layer of a composite mesh cloth, a fiberglass tube, or both. In a preferred arrangement, the composite mesh cloth is folded around the fiberglass tube and the shaped fingers to provide optimum cushion and quench air flow to the glass.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nozzle assembly for a flat-glass tempering machine. A nozzle cover (2) includes two types of orifices side by side. A number of orifices (7, 8) are linked to the pressure of a compressor (11) and another number of orifices (6) are linked to the pressure of a blower (12). Thus, the different orifices supply air of different pressures.

Abstract: An apparatus for bending/tempering glass sheets raised to their softening point with a view to their bending and tempering includes an upper plate mold and a lower annular mold on which the glass sheets are deformed, and with respect to which the edge of glass sheets move as a result of their deformation, particularly by horizontal pressing between the upper bending mold and the lower mold. The bent sheets are thermally tempered in air on the same annular mold in a tempering station. This annular mold is designed in such a way that its contact surface with the glass sheets at the start of their deformation on the mold, being located on the outer periphery of the mold, is appropriate for the mark-free displacement of the glass on the mold and in particular for pressing, and so that at the end of displacement, and in particular at the end of pressing, the contact surface located on the inner periphery of said mold is appropriate for tempering.

Abstract: A quench station (14) including apparatus for quenching a heated glass sheet G conveyed by rolls (22) of a roller conveyor (20) is disclosed as including upper and lower sets of blastheads (32) having outlets (34) that are positioned closer to the conveyed glass sheet than the conveyor roll radius R and which are oriented and sized to provide highly efficient quenching such as during heat strengthening or tempering. These blasthead outlets (34) are preferably round and the blastheads (32) are vertically aligned with each other to provide aligned locations (36) of impingement with the oppositely facing surfaces of the glass sheet. In one embodiment, a set of upper roll mimics (38) located above the conveyor rolls (22) in a vertically aligned relationship provide symmetry that results in uniform quenching of both the upper and lower glass sheet surfaces.

Abstract: In a cooling station in a tempering plant for glass sheets for chilling, heat-strengthening, or after-cooling, the cooling station including upper and lower cooling-air blast nozzles are positioned above and below the glass sheets to be cooled. Nozzle covers cover the upper and lower nozzles. The nozzle covers are covered with perforated plates having a reflection coefficient for more than 0.8 for heat radiation. The plates are detachable from the nozzle covers and are thus replaceable.

Abstract: A glass sheet strip annealing lehr (16) is disclosed as including a housing (18) along which a conveyor (26) including a gas support (28) supports a glass sheet strip G by pressurized gas for movement between entry and exit ends (22,24) of the housing before a conveyor drive (32) engages the strip after the surfaces thereof are cooled below the strain point. Best results are achieved when the glass sheet strip is supported only by the gas support (28) until its surfaces are placed in compression. Lower and upper manifolds (34,36) respectively support and convey the glass sheet strip within the housing (18) preferably by a recirculating gas flow supplied by gas burner (76) and associated gas jet pumps (78).

Abstract: A method of forming glass containers, including the steps of drying a stream of air, passing the dried air into a vacuum-insulated mixing chamber, evaporating liquid cryogen in the mixing chamber, allowing the resulting cryogen vapor to mix with the air to form a mixture at a temperature below -20.degree. C., passing the gas mixture into a vacuum-insulated manifold, and causing the gas mixture to flow from the manifold and into the insides of glass containers being formed in molds to cool the containers.

Abstract: This invention contemplates a near net-shape method of making thin glass-ceramic articles possessing substantially uniform thickness and parallel opposing surfaces comprising the steps of: (a) heating the receiving and opposing molding surfaces of a mold to predetermined different temperatures; (b) bringing the receiving and opposing molding surfaces of the mold into close proximity to each other to press a delivered charge of molten glass to fill said mold, while thermally providing and maintaining a substantially parallel fit between the receiving and opposing surfaces of the mold, to achieve substantially uniform thickness in the pressed charge, (c) pressing the glass charge for a time sufficient to remove enough heat from the glass charge that the temperatures of the molding surfaces and the glass article surfaces are all nearly at equilibrium, wherein the press time and mold temperature differential combine to result in symmetric heat removal thereby causing all the aforementioned temperatures to reach e

Abstract: A glass sheet such as an automobile window glass sheet is bent to shape and tempered at one stage by a sheet glass bending and tempering apparatus. The sheet glass bending and tempering apparatus has solid contact members for pressing a glass sheet, which has been heated nearly to its softening point, to a desired shape and depriving the glass sheet of heat to cool the glass sheet quickly, the solid contact means having a contact surface for contacting the glass sheet and depriving the glass heat of heat therethrough. The contact surface has a plurality of grooves defined therein, and a plurality of air outlet ports defined in each of the grooves, for applying cooling air to the glass sheet, and a plurality of air inlet ports defined in each of the grooves, for drawing the air applied to the glass sheet. When the opposite surfaces of the glass sheet are pressed by the solid contact members, the pressure is temporarily reduced and then increased again to cool the glass sheet.

Abstract: A glass sheet is transferred from a bending cell to a tempering cell on a continuous frame, after which it is held during tempering by discontinuous gripping device. Lifting studs lift the glass sheet above the frame prior to gripping.

Abstract: Apparatus for supporting a formed glass sheet during a tempering operation comprises a support rail, a plurality of glass sheet engaging elements, and means for affixing the elements to the support rail. The support rail generally conforms in outline and elevation to the peripheral marginal portion of the underside major surface of the formed glass sheet. The glass sheet engaging elements have bores therethrough and are aligned generally parallel to the support rail. A wire is disposed through the bores of the glass sheet engaging elements, and is affixed to the support rail at locations intermediate adjacent glass sheet engaging elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat conditioning chamber for controlled cooling following a high-temperature treatment of plane thin glass sheets, transported in horizontal position by a continuously driven roller conveyor. According to the invention, in the hottest zone in the chamber, the cooling is performed solely by absorption of radiation and continues in other zones by convection.

Abstract: Apparatus for handling a hot glass sheet during conveyance from a hot atmosphere to a cold atmosphere comprising a ring-like member having an upper surface engaging a glass sheet outline that consists essentially of a phenolic resin reinforced with fibers composed of an aromatic polyamid composition and a support ring attached to the ring-like member in facing relation to the ring-like member and sufficiently smaller in the dimensions than those of the ring-like member to permit the ring-like member to interpose between the support ring and a supported edge of a glass sheet so as to provide thermal insulation as well as shielding between the metal support rings and the edge of the glass sheet.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for cooling a glass sheet (G) formed on an upwardly facing full face male glass sheet shaping mold (12) disclosed includes a glass sheet press ring (14) mounted on a press ring enclosure (16). A freeze plate (18) having first and second surfaces (20,22) is mounted in the press ring enclosure. A cooling means (24) mounted adjacent the freeze plate (18) cyclically cools the freeze plate (18) between a heated ambient temperature and a temperature significantly below the glass sheet (G) whereby the freeze plate (18) radiatively cools the glass sheet (G) formed on the full face glass sheet shaping mold (12) by the press ring (14) sufficiently so that the formed glass sheet (G) shape does not change upon further processing.

Abstract: A high-convection gas jet nozzle section for a sheet-like material guided over rollers, in particular for thermal prestressing or tempering of thin flat glass sheets, comprises a lower nozzle field having nozzle ribs disposed centrally parallel between the rollers and provided with nozzle apertures and an upper nozzle field of which the nozzle ribs provided with nozzle apertures are arranged symmetrically to the vertical axis of each respective lower nozzle rib; the nozzle bottoms of the upper nozzle ribs have the cross-section of a letter "M" extended by a center strip; the width of the nozzle bottom of the upper nozzle ribs is greater than the horizontal distance between the rollers and smaller than the roller pitch; the center strip and the two upwardly tilted inner legs of the upper nozzle bottoms are provided with nozzle apertures; and the smallest distance of the upper nozzle ribs from the upper side of the material is greater than the smallest distance of the lower nozzle ribs from the lower side of th

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the heat transfer in cooling devices. More particularly, the invention is concerned with the heat transfer pattern caused by blastheads used in the tempering of automotive glass. A thin foil sheet disposed in front of the blasthead is heated according to a predetermined pattern. One side of the foil sheet is then exposed to a cooling blast of air from the nozzles of the blasthead, while the temperature of the opposite side of the foil sheet is monitored using an infrared camera. Then, using information generated by the infrared camera, heat transfer information can be determined.

Abstract: A glass sheet tempering system (10) disclosed comprises a single station heater and quench that includes a heating source (16) for heating the glass sheet (12) and also an air supply (18) for supplying quenching air to temper the heated glass sheet (12). The heating source (16) and air supply (18) are defined by a pair of spaced and opposed plenums (20,20') that provide heating and quenching of the glass sheet (12) generally in one location without having to transport the glass sheet (12) between separate heating and quenching stations.

Abstract: The invention relates to an assembly in the annealing section of a glass tempering apparatus, comprising a glass sheet supporting rollers and cooling air blow boxes disposed above and below a glass sheet. A blast pressure applied to the bottom surface of a glass sheet may tend to pick up a glass sheet and float the sheet off contact with the rollers. In order to correct the situation without changing the cooling effects on the opposite surfaces of glass, the radiation absorption factor of surfaces below a glass sheet is higher than the absorption factor of surfaces above on the thermal radiation wavelengths of glass. Thus, the blast pressure on a top surface of the glass sheet has been increased with respect to the blast pressure on a lower surface of the glass sheet.

Abstract: An apparatus for bending and tempering glass plates has a horizontal roller furnace (3) and a press bending station with two water-cooled bending molds (6,7) through whose contact the glass plates are tempered immediately following bending. At the outlet from the roller furnace (3), the glass plates (1) are taken over by a continuous flexible conveyor belt (10) and are conveyed by the latter into the bending station. During the press process the glass plate remains on the conveyor belt, which is interposed between the glass plate (1) and the lower bending mold (7). The conveyor belt (10) is made from a woven or knitted fabric of heat-resistant metal fibers and, in a direction at right angles to its surface, has a heat resistivity of 0.25.times.10.sup.-3 to 5.times.10.sup.-3 m.sup.2 .times.K.times.W.sup.-1.

Abstract: A press bending mold having an improved shaping element comprising a flexible, continuous shaping surface that is readily adjustable and easy to fabricate. The shaping element is mounted on a support plate by a plurality of adjustable connectors, and includes a resilient body having an expanded metal grid encapsulated therein. The resilient body may be covered by one or a plurality of sheets of a fibrous, heat-resistant material which, in turn, is covered by a layer of fiberglass cloth, or the such. One or more of the fibrous sheets may be treated with a rigidizer.

Abstract: The installation for curving or bending to convex form and tempering a sheet of glass (1) comprises means for heating the sheet and means for bringing this latter between elements (3, 4, 6, 7) for shaping said sheet.One of the series (3) of elements has a surface (3a) which is intended to come into contact with one of the faces of the glass sheet (1). The other series of elements (4, 6, 7) has a stationary portion (5) to which is attached at least one movable portion (6 or 7) which is capable of pivotal displacement through an angle corresponding to the curvature to be given to the glass sheet.

Abstract: A chamber (1) for the thermal treatment of objects comprises in its interior heating means (3, 4) and means (5) to support the objects (2) to be treated, the walls of this chamber comprising a thermal insulating lining, and a portion (30) of these walls being removable to provide access to the interior of the chamber. Substantially all the internal surface of the chamber (1) is lined with cast silica-base plates (13, 14, 15, 16, 17) disposed side by side, having a coefficient of thermal expansion near zero. Used particularly in plate glass tempering furnaces.

Abstract: An apertured dead plate insert fabricated of a contact material, preferably graphite, and a correspondingly apertured dead plate subplate together constitute a dead plate assembly which is used in the hot end process area of glass bottle manufacture. The assembly can be easily repaired by replacement of the contact material insert. Use of the dead plate assembly reduces damage to hot formed glass bottles and results in increased production rates. The dead plate subplate is a rigid plate with a planar depression having an area corresponding to the area of the insert defined on one face by mounting lugs and an area of increased height on the other face corresponding to the area of the depression so as to provide a heat sink for the subplate in order to keep the insert at a relatively constant temperature variant during passage of air therethrough.

Abstract: An improved glass tempering apparatus and method is disclosed. A glass sheet is quenched by heating the glass sheet and horizontally transferring the sheet on a roller conveyor into a quenching station having an upper and lower array of nozzles for directing coolant on opposite sides of the glass. A first array of points on the glass sheet are cooled, then the glass is horizontally jogged within the quenching station and a second array of points are cooled. Preferably, the jog distance is selected so that the first and second array of points are uniformly spaced relative to one another. An alternative embodiment of the invention cools a first array of points, horizontally jogs the glass within the quenching station and recools the same array of points with each point being cooled by a different nozzle pair so that the cooled points are uniformly sized and clearly defined with minimum irregularities resulting from roller shrouding and nozzle-to-nozzle variability.

Abstract: An air conduit is carried by each pocket of a ware handling device to direct air under pressure towards the corner of the pocket which is to receive a container. The source is cylinder air which is fed through a hole in this piston/rod to the ware handling arm.

Abstract: An oscillating device for oscillating an object includes a single motor mounted on a base, a support base mounted on the base for supporting an object and movable in first and second orthogonal horizontal directions, a first converter mechanism mounted on the base and coupled to the support base for converting rotation from the motor into a first linear motion in the first horizontal direction and applying the first linear motion in the support base, a second converter mechanism mounted on the base and coupled to the support base for converting rotation from the motor into a second linear motion in the second horizontal direction and applying the second linear motion to the support base, and a clutch mechanism mounted on the base and having two clutch plates with respective engaging surfaces thereof angularly displaced from each other for selectively transmitting the rotation from the motor to the second converter mechanism.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adjusting device for the blast pressure in cooling nozzles of a glass tempering apparatus, said device comprising at least two blowers each with its own vane adjuster, blast ducts between the blowers and an air-distribution chamber, and a bypass duct linking the blast ducts. Between blast duct and air-distribution chamber downstream of by-pass duct there is fitted a throttle valve, which is in a throttle position when one blower is running with its vane adjuster partly or completely open. Thus, merely by adjusting said vane adjusters it is possible to cover a pressure range of 5-7000 Pa which is sufficient for glass thicknesses of 4-19 mm.

Abstract: A glass bending and tempering apparatus (10) is disclosed as including a first platen (14) for receiving a heated glass sheet (12) to be bent. The first platen (14) is deformable and includes an actuator (16) for deforming platen (14) from a planar shape to a bent shape. A second platen (22) is mounted above lower platen (14) for bending and quenching glass sheet (12) therebetween the platens. A template (24) is located on the other side of the second platen (22) away from glass sheet (12). Second platen (22) is pressed against template (24) as first platen (14) is deformed from the planar shape to the bent shape to bend the heated glass sheet thereagainst second platen (22), the second platen (22) conforming to template (24). Quenching gas is supplied by both platens (14,22) through quench openings (18) that move with the platens (14,22) to temper the bent glass sheet between the platens.