Abstract: A method and apparatus for cooking food products collectively called Codou (cooked dough) from hydrated milled vegetables, water, optional salt; and wrapping material (for enhanced taste, and containment). The process undergoes three stages: (a) pre-cooking in the Cooking Mixture; (b) shaping and wrapping from the Sliding Tray using the Shaper/Wrapper unit; and (c) boiling in water in the Boiler unit. This apparatus being microprocessor-controlled allows for various types of the Codou to be cooked at the touch of a button. The process ensures that each type of Codou is cooked to a consistent texture, taste, look, and feel.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for designing a web (4) linking parts (3) to a carrier (2) in a sheet metal strip (1) that is processed in a progressive die process, comprises the steps of processing input actions from a user, the input actions specifying parameters of web primitive elements, the web primitive elements comprising at least connections (5), each connection (5) representing a link between sheet metal sections; the user input actions specifying, for each connection (5), a first connection point (13), at which the connection (5) is joined to a first sheet metal section, and a second connection point (13), at which the connection (5) is joined to a second sheet metal section; the method allowing for a user input of a deformability parameter associated with a connection (5), for modifying a spring constant of the connection (5) in a direction between the first and second connection points (13).

Abstract: A simulation device has a simulation unit and a coordinate acquisition unit. The simulation unit simulates the operations of press devices and the operations of feeder devices that transport a workpiece between the press devices. The coordinate acquisition unit acquires a locus of a plurality of predetermined positions in the width direction of the feeder devices from simulation.

Abstract: A method for operating a fine blanking system comprises at least one fine blanking press having a first press unit, a second press unit, and one or more sensors. The method comprises obtaining parameter data from the one or more sensors for at least one of the first press unit, the second press unit, and another component of the fine blanking system during a first fine blanking process step. Adjustments are determined for control parameters of at least one of the first press unit, the second press unit, and the other component based on the parameter data. The adjustments are applied to the control parameters in a second fine blanking process step subsequent to the first fine blanking process step.

Abstract: Method for characterizing a material (10), characterized in that it comprises the steps of carrying out a bending test and calculating a cross-section moment, M of said material (10) using the following equation: M = F · L m ? ( ? 1 ) 2 · cos 2 ? ( ? 1 ) where F is the applied bending force, Lm (?1) is the moment arm, and ?1 is the bending angle. The expression for the moment, M, fulfils the condition for energy equilibrium: ?Fds=?2Md?2 when the true bending angle, ?2 is: ? 1 - ? t · sin ? ( ? 1 ) L m ? d ? ? ? 1 .

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel pharmaceutical formulations which have controlled, delayed release of active ingredient, and to a process for the preparation of such formulations. The invention additionally relates to the use of these novel pharmaceutical administration forms as medicaments for the treatment of diseases which require delayed release of the active ingredient, such as hypertension, or asthmatic diseases.

Abstract: A high-pressure pump comprising an elongated casing and a hollow interior formed along a central axis thereof. At least one partition may be axially fixed within the elongated casing such that it divides the hollow interior. First and second pressure differential devices may be disposed on opposite sides of the at least one partition and each have a rotary shaft extending there through. A first rotary shaft extending through the first pressure differential device may be axially fixed by the at least one partition and rotationally fixed to a second rotary shaft extending through the second pressure differential device. The high-pressure pump may be driven by a servomotor and used in a high-pressure press.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a defective part and the type of defect formed during stamping operations. The system and method will not only detect the defect but also the nature of the defect and the time at which the defect occurred during stamping operations. Such information is useful not only in quality control but also in isolating a problem which may exist in stamping operations and thus eliminating time for isolating such problems and correcting them. The system and method uses a profile of a properly stamped part to detect a defect, and the root cause of the defect.

Abstract: A double-action extrusion press obtains a tubular product, wherein the pressure-receiving surface area of a cylinder chamber on the side from which hydraulic oil is discharged from a container cylinder and the pressure-receiving surface area on the rod-side chamber of a piercer cylinder are set to be the same when a container moves in the extrusion direction, and the cylinder chamber on the side from which hydraulic oil is discharged from the container cylinder and the rod-side chamber of the piercer cylinder are connected by an oil pressure conduit and are in communication with each other when a billet is extruded from the extrusion stem after piercing has been completed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coding element for equipping at least one cam carrier of a rotor of a rotary press with at least one control cam element, wherein at least one coding element is provided, wherein the at least one coding element comprises fastening means by which it can be fastened to the rotor or a component connected thereto, wherein the at least one coding element has coding means by which the position of the at least one control cam element on the cam carrier is clearly specified. In addition, the invention relates to a corresponding method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a press, a rotary press in particular, comprising a press housing in which several operating components of the press are arranged, further comprising power-related components, which provide the operating components with electric energy for the operation, and comprising control components which exchange control- and/or measurement signals with the operating components and control signals with the power-related components, characterised in that the power-related components are arranged separately from the control components in a power element box which can be arranged at option on or within the press housing, or outside of the press housing and separately from the same.

Abstract: A robot includes a force detection unit and an arm including an end effector. The arm applies a force acting in a predetermined direction to a first workpiece so that the first workpiece is pressed against at least a first surface and a second surface of a second workpiece.

Abstract: A servo transfer press system generates a press phase signal and a transfer phase signal that are synchronized with a master phase signal, performs a press operation according to a reference press motion based on the press phase signal, and performs a transfer operation according to a reference transfer motion based on the transfer phase signal. The servo transfer press system includes a reference interference diagram generation section, a reference interference diagram storage section, an operation interference diagram generation section, an interference presence/absence comparison-determination section, and a phase signal relative relationship adjustment section, and performs a transfer press operation while avoiding interference by performing an automatic phase signal adjustment when a motion has been changed.

Abstract: A press machine braking performance verifying apparatus verifies performance of brakes applying braking to a slide. The press machine braking performance verifying apparatus includes a speed detecting component, a stopping instruction detecting component, a stopping time measuring component, a maximum stopping time calculating component and an evaluating component. The speed detecting component detects a slide driving speed. The stopping instruction detecting component detects if stopping of the slide is instructed. The stopping time measuring component measures a stopping time until the slide stops when a stopping instruction is detected. The maximum stopping time calculating component calculates predicted stopping time in a case where the slide is driven at a maximum driving speed based on the slide driving speed after detecting the stopping instruction and the stopping time.

Abstract: A method for adjusting a pressing force of a flat-bed die-cutting and/or stamping/embossing machine having at least one die-cutting and/or embossing/stamping tool for processing a flat printing substrate, includes supplying tool data describing an individual structure of a die-cutting and/or stamping/embossing tool of a plurality of tool parts, reading specific force data out of a database, the specific force data assigning a specific pressing force to a respective tool part, calculating a target pressing force at least from the tool data and the specific force data adjusting the pressing force of the flat-bed die-cutting and/or stamping/embossing machine to the target pressing force. The adjustment of the pressing force is advantageously simplified to a considerable extent and reduces the error-proneness and the time required for setting up the flat-bed die-cutting and/or stamping/embossing machine. A machine for implementing the method is also provided.

Abstract: A diagnostic system to diagnose a pressure profile of a molding machine M in an operating state is disclosed. The pressure profile of the molding machine M in the operating state is measured with a pressure sensor of a measurement system 3. In a diagnostic system A, a database is formed such that a reference pressure profile and the actual pressure profile selected according to a mold to be made are preserved therein. The diagnostic system A compares the reference pressure profile to the actual pressure profile in the database to determine whether the actual pressure profile is within a predetermined tolerance.

Abstract: In the die cushion device, a shock absorber device relieves shock between a cushion pad and a support section. The shock absorber device includes a damping section and an elastic section. The damping section generates reaction force in accordance with the relative speed of the cushion pad with respect to the support section. The elastic section generates reaction force in accordance with the relative displacement of the cushion pad with respect to the support section. The controller section controls a servomotor so that a speed difference between the speed of the slide member and the speed of the support section is set to be a predetermined target speed difference value that changes over time.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for operating a press which includes providing a press with at least one plunger which executed a stroke, an upper tool part, a sub-structure. A control and regulation device receives a value(s) on an operating condition from a system of the press. The value(s) are provided from the system of the press to the control and regulation device during a processing of a work piece. The value(s) provided are processed to the control and regulation device according to a function F ? ( x ) = L x · F 2 under the condition that L > x > L 2 so as to permanently operate a movement of the plunger via a drive device and the press in a controlled manner or in a regulated manner according to a system of forces required for a work piece with a respective force which is actively influenced or is actively modified in a position and a dimension/amount.

Abstract: A method for setting an operation condition of a press line includes a conveyance route setting step of setting a conveyance route so as to minimize a clearance between a work and a lower die; a phase difference setting step of setting a phase difference between conveying operations of respective conveyance machines so as to minimize a clearance between a work to be taken-out and a work to be taken-in; and a press-conveyance phase difference setting step that sets a phase difference between pressing operation and conveyance operation in accordance with the conveying route set for each conveyance machine, the phase difference between the conveyance machines, a line SPH, and a press SPH.

Abstract: Method for a safety and testing control for a press, including a hydraulic system with at least one hydraulic cylinder, operated by means of a hydraulic valve controlled by a programmable processing unit where a number of electrical signal inputs and outputs are provided and into which a software program is loaded, where a position sensor is provided that indicates the position of the hydraulic cylinder and where the software application works solely on the basis of an internal timer and the aforementioned position sensor can control the motion of the press as well as a hydraulic press working according to this method and using the software and carrier.

Abstract: An infrastructure is provided for gathering diagnostic data that is relevant to an error or other conditions detected in a monitored system. A diagnosability framework is provided that automates the gathering of relevant diagnostic data upon occurrence of the condition in the monitored system. In one embodiment, context data is determined for the condition detected in the monitored system. A rule-based engine is provided that is configured to automatically determine one or more actions to be performed for the condition detected in the monitored system based on the determined context data. The actions may include performing tasks that gather diagnostic data that is relevant to the detected condition, store the gathered diagnostic data in a repository, recommend one or more diagnostic actions to a user, and other diagnostic related actions.

Abstract: The method for producing at least one rotationally symmetrical lens consisting of an opto-ceramic includes the step of moulding a ceramic green body for the lens, wherein the mould has a shaping surface, which is described by the following equation B: y ? ? 1 = cz 2 1 + 1 - ( k + 1 ) ? c 2 ? z 2 + a 1 ? z 2 + a 2 ? z 4 + a 3 ? z 6 + a 4 ? z 8 + … ? , ( B ) y1 gives a position on an optical axis; x designates a perpendicular distance from the optical axis to the surface; k, c, and a1, a2, a3, a4, . . . are constants describing a surface of the lens to be moulded and z=|x|+b, wherein b is a constant with a value greater than 0 and less than 0.3 mm, which is a measure of a deviation of the shaping surface from the surface of the lens.

Abstract: Hot embossing may be more advantageous than other polymer microfabrication processes. An example embodiment of the present invention relates to a method and corresponding apparatus for developing a computationally inexpensive viscoelastic model for the hot embossing of complex patterns. These developed models may help engineers refine their selection of processing parameters based upon successive simulations of the embossing process. The example embodiment models deformation of a deformable body embossed with a stamp as a function of convolving a point-load-time response and a contact pressure distribution. In order to generate the point-load-time response, a time-dependent response of a surface of the thermoplastic to system inputs applied to an elemental region of the surface of the thermoplastic may be employed. The example embodiment generates an estimate of the contact pressure distribution as a function of the point-load-time response and an average pressure applied to the stamp.

Abstract: A compact apparatus for automatically making a plurality of flat edibles includes a storage and dispensing unit that makes it unnecessary for a user to pre-measure ingredients. The apparatus also includes a mixing and kneading unit for making dough of optimal consistency. The mixing and kneading unit may be configured to prepare dough. The dough may be prepared by mixing and kneading the ingredients dispensed by the dispensers. The dough prepared may be transferred onto a lower platen from a transfer base by a transfer sweeper. The dough may be flattened in a platen unit. An upper platen and the lower platen of the platen unit may be heated to a pre-programmed temperature for cooking the flat edible. The temperature may also be manually set by the user based on user's preference. The flat may be cooked (e.g., heated, roasted and/or puffed) by the platen unit.

Abstract: The invention discloses adaptive method for manufacturing of parts of the similar complex shape by using hot isostatic pressing of powder materials and irreversibly deformable capsules and inserts utilized as adaptation tools. The method is based on creation of a virtual part by mathematical computer modeling of densification and shrinkage; manufacturing of a test part; determination of discrepancies between manufactured test part and virtual test part; adaptation of mathematical model by virtual iterations so that discrepancies between manufactured and virtual and parts are minimized; manufacturing of every complex shape part of the given group by using adoptive method skipping the step of manufacturing a test part.

Abstract: A component crimping apparatus control method which enables a measuring tool to directly measure a temperature of a part pressed by a pressing head. The component crimping apparatus control method is applied to a component crimping apparatus which crimps a component onto a plate-shaped workpiece, and causes a measuring tool shaped identically as the workpiece to measure a temperature or a pressure of a pressed part in a pressing process of pressing a component onto the workpiece using a heated pressing head. The method includes acquiring information indicating whether or not the measuring tool is held in the component crimping apparatus, and, in the case where the information indicating that the measuring tool is held is acquired, positioning the measuring tool identically as the workpiece, and executing the pressing process on the component to be attached to the measuring tool after the positioning.

Abstract: A system for rejection of tablets produced in a rotary tablet press comprises pan ejection nozzle for sorting out defective tablets. The ejection nozzle is supplied with compressed gas through a supply line having an inlet end for connection with a source of compressed gas and an outlet end communicating with the ejection nozzle. The supply line is provided with a control valve controlled by a control unit in order to open the supply line when a defective tablet has been detected by the control unit. Furthermore, the supply line is provided with a sensor arranged between the control valve and the inlet end of the supply line and adapted to detect a variable indicative of a gas flow through the control valve in order for the control unit to generate an error signal in the case of malfunction of the control valve.

Abstract: Disclosed is a curved surface forming method for a metal plate. Nonlinear finite element analysis of elasto-plastic large deformation is performed on the metal plate. The metal plate to be worked is formed so as to have a three-dimensional target curved surface on the basis of the analysis results using a plurality of forming punches connected to a hydraulic apparatus. The curved surface formation method is very useful when the metal plate is worked for small quantity batch production.

Abstract: The moulding tool is a near-net-shape negative mould for shaping a ceramic green body for the lens. The mould has a shaping surface, which is described by the following equation B: y ? ? 1 = cz 2 1 + 1 - ( k + 1 ) ? c 2 ? z 2 + a 1 ? z 2 + a 2 ? z 4 + a 3 ? z 6 + a 4 ? z 8 + … ? , ( B ) y1 gives a position on an optical axis; x designates a perpendicular distance from the optical axis to the surface; k, c, and a1, a2, a3, a4, . . . are constants describing a surface of the lens to be moulded and z=|x|+b, wherein b is a constant with a value greater than 0 and less than 0.3 mm, which is a measure of a deviation of the shaping surface from the surface of the lens.

Abstract: An imprint system has a design data storing section which stores template information and remaining film thickness set value information, a vaporization-to-be-compensated storing section which stores a plurality of distributions of applied amounts for compensating vaporization, an arithmetic section which calculates a distribution of an applied amount for filling a pattern based upon the template information, calculates a distribution of an applied amount for forming a remaining film thickness based upon the remaining film thickness set value information, calculates a pattern density of the template from the template information, extracts a distribution of an applied amount for compensating vaporization, corresponding to this pattern density, from the vaporization-to-be-compensated storing section, and adds up this extracted distribution of an applied amount for compensating vaporization, the distribution of an applied amount for filling a pattern, and the distribution of an applied amount for forming a remai

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of a press-forming device, press-forming method, computer program/software arrangement and storage medium can be provided. The exemplary press-forming device can include a material characteristic input configured to input material characteristics. A state variable detector can be configured to measure a state variable comprising a metal mold distortion amount. A processing condition computer arrangement can be configured to determine from a first moment to a second moment at least one particular processing condition. Further, a processing condition controller can be configured to control the at least one processing condition from processing conditions.

Abstract: A system, method, machine-readable medium for accurate simulation of automated machinery. A method includes loading a machine operating model. The method also includes receiving machine-specific data from an automated machinery controller. The method also includes simulating a machine operation using the machine-specific data and the machine operating model to produce optimized motion data. The method includes transmitting the optimized data to the automated machinery controller by the simulation data processing system.

Abstract: A system for production of a dental crown (23, 24) includes identification equipment (2), modeling equipment (9), ordering equipment (6), and an automated production arrangement (16). The latter, as a function of one or more first information items, is arranged to effect production, by means of pressing or pressure-casting, of an integrated dental crown which is made up of two layers. The first layer comprises or consists of porcelain material, and the second layer consists of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, etc. The second layer forms a cap, via which the dental crown can be applied to a tooth stump (28) of a patient (1). The invention also relates to a dental replacement component consisting of the dental crown.

Abstract: By adopting a workpiece transfer apparatus, which grips a workpiece by use of a predetermined grip device and transfers the workpiece between press apparatuses each of which drives a die, including a transfer control device for controlling a position of the grip device based on a resultant target value obtained by combining a die position of a press apparatus located on an upstream side of a workpiece transfer direction (an upstream side die position) and a die position of a press apparatus located on a downstream side of a workpiece transfer direction (a downstream side die position), in which the transfer control device sets a resultant target value so that the grip device moves smoothly, it becomes possible to suppress vibration in a workpiece transfer apparatus in a press line.

Abstract: A method for producing a Syringe Assistant formed as a Plastic Injection-Molded part, CNC Fabricate, or punch Pressed Fabricated part for various syringe types up to including Aviation, Automotive. Food Injection, Animal Injection, and Medical Injection Syringes, wherein, in a first process step, the Assistant for Injecting the Aviation Sealants, Automotive Sealants, Food Additives, Animal Medications, and Medical Medications would be obtaining a Plastic Injected Mold, CNC. Tape for a NC Router machine or Punch Press male and female die-set. In a second method, the Assistant would be Molded, Routered, or Punch Pressed into the above-mentioned Syringe Assistant Invention. Materials used to create the Syringe Assistant may include up to and including PVC, ABS Plastic, Plastic Teflon, Lexan, Sheet metal, Phenolic, Steel, Aluminum, Nylon, and Wood.

Abstract: An imprint system has a design data storing section which stores template information and remaining film thickness set value information, a vaporization-to-be-compensated storing section which stores a plurality of distributions of applied amounts for compensating vaporization, an arithmetic section which calculates a distribution of an applied amount for filling a pattern based upon the template information, calculates a distribution of an applied amount for forming a remaining film thickness based upon said remaining film thickness set value information, calculates a pattern density of the template from the template information, extracts a distribution of an applied amount for compensating vaporization, corresponding to this pattern density, from the vaporization-to-be-compensated storing section, and adds up this extracted distribution of an applied amount for compensating vaporization, the distribution of an applied amount for filling a pattern, and the distribution of an applied amount for forming a rema

Abstract: A press control system includes at least one sensor for registering current states of at least one component of a press and at least one regulating and control device for generating actuating signals for actuating the at least one component of the press. A press simulator is integrated into the press control system for training purposes and/or diagnostic purposes on the press.

Abstract: A diagnostic system to diagnose a pressure profile of a molding machine M in an operating state is disclosed. The pressure profile of the molding machine M in the operating state is measured with a pressure sensor of a measurement system 3. In a diagnostic system A, a database is formed such that a reference pressure profile and the actual pressure profile selected according to a mold to be made are preserved therein. The diagnostic system A compares the reference pressure profile to the actual pressure profile in the database to determine whether the actual pressure profile is within a predetermined tolerance.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing a first machine of a manufacturing process section arranged to carry out a production cycle including a working part and a non-working part. The first machine is operated in conjunction with at least one second machine. The first machine carries out a process during the working part of the cycle on a workpiece that is loaded into and/or unloaded out of the first machine by the at least one second machine during the non-working part of each process cycle. Also, a system for carrying out the method and a computer program.

Abstract: A control unit for a powder material compression molding machine including a powder material compressor which compresses a powder material filled between compressing members in an adjusted filled amount by making the compressing members approach to each other at a predetermined interval, so as to mold a molded product, and a pressure detector which detects a powder material compressing pressure by the powder material compressor. The control unit including a weight determiner which determines that the weight of filled powder material is normal, a thickness determiner which determines that the thickness of the molded product is abnormal in the case where the pressure detected by the pressure detector falls out of a first predetermined range when the weight determiner determines normality, and a compression controller which controls the powder material compressor when the thickness determiner determines abnormality.

Abstract: The invention concerns a press for the production of pressed moldings of powdery or granulate materials, as well as a process for controlling the press where a correction of the ram stroke of the press is initiated depending on the association of actual dimensions of the molding with certain tolerance ranges to which different valences have been assigned, and where, depending on the valence in question, no correction, an immediate correction, or a delayed correction of the ram stroke is effected.

Abstract: A setup information generating device for a punch press which can generate setup information on replacement of a punch and a die with compatible tools, that is, replacement among punches and dies identified by the same tool number and used for processing for the same shape and the same size and which can also generate setup information according to processing know-how or the like. The device has a setup information generating device 48 for comparing a processing schedule with tool numbers in a mounted tool information storage device 45 to generate setup information. The device has a compatible tool registering device 38 for registering processing conditions such as material quality and board thickness and information on which of plural types of punches 81 and dies 82 identified by the same tool number are compatible as a punch 81 and a die 82 which meet the processing conditions are registered in accordance with inputs from an operation panel 46.

Abstract: Method for a safety and testing control for a press, including a hydraulic system with at least one hydraulic cylinder, operated by means of a hydraulic valve controlled by a programmable processing unit where a number of electrical signal inputs and outputs are provided and into which a software programme is loaded, where a position sensor is provided that indicates the position of the hydraulic cylinder and where the software application works solely on the basis of an internal timer and the aforementioned position sensor can control the motion of the press as well as a hydraulic press working according to this method and using the software and carrier.

Abstract: Device for monitoring the production of tablets in a rotary press, with die bores in a circular die plate for the accommodation of a powder to be pressed, upper- and lower stamps, a pressing station for pressing the powder in the die bores by means of the upper and lower stamps, a tablet stripper for stripping off the tablets ejected by the lower stamps from the upper side of the circular die plate and a machine computer, wherein a contactless working temperature measurement device, being in communication with the machine computer, with a measurement plane between the pressing station and the tablet stripper, is arranged in the press room of the rotary press, and the measurement time of the temperature measurement device is such that at least some of the tablets per rotation of the circular die plate can be established in their temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for controlling safety-critical processes, such as the monitoring of protective doors, emergency stop switches, light curtains and the like. A control unit is connected to a plurality of I/O units via a data transmission link. The I/O units transmit process data to the control unit, with the process data being protected against transmission errors by means of a diversitary multiple transmission. The process data are encoded using a variable keyword in order to generate variably encoded process data. The variably encoded process data are transmitted to the control unit as part of the diversitary multiple transmission.

Abstract: The electric press is provided with a main CPU 1 and a sub CPU 3, the main CPU 1 being responsive to a signal from a servo driver 10 to give an detecting signal to a relay 2 when a ram 51 is located in a predetermined position, thereby to give a mute signal to an area sensor 30 and the sub CPU 3 being responsive to a signal from an encoder 9 to give a detecting signal to a relay 4 when the ram is located in a predetermined position, thereby to give a mute signal to the area sensor 30. The main CPU 1 and sub CPU 3 watch each other, that is, the main CPU 1 checks the output of a relay 4 and turns the relay 2 off when the mute signal is not produced from the relay 4. The conditions of sub CPU and main CPU are compared with each other. In case the two conditions are in accord with each other, it is decided that the relay 4 is out of order. The sub CPU 3 makes the same check operation in connection with the relay 2.

Abstract: Hot embossing may be more advantageous than other polymer microfabrication processes. An example embodiment of the present invention relates to a method and corresponding apparatus for developing a computationally inexpensive viscoelastic model for the hot embossing of complex patterns. These developed models may help engineers refine their selection of processing parameters based upon successive simulations of the embossing process. The example embodiment models deformation of a deformable body embossed with a stamp as a function of convolving a point-load-time response and a contact pressure distribution. In order to generate the point-load-time response, a time-dependent response of a surface of the thermoplastic to system inputs applied to an elemental region of the surface of the thermoplastic may be employed. The example embodiment generates an estimate of the contact pressure distribution as a function of the point-load-time response and an average pressure applied to the stamp.

Abstract: A polishing apparatus is provided for polishing wafers at a high yield rate even if roll-off exists. The polishing apparatus polishes a wafer W by applying a pressure between a polishing member (polishing pad) 201 and the wafer W held by a holding member (top ring) 52 and relatively moving the polishing member 201 to the wafer W. The polishing apparatus comprises a top ring 52 for holding the wafer W, a pressure adjusting mechanism 206 for adjusting a supporting pressure with which the wafer W is supported on a supporting surface by a retainer ring 203, and a control unit 208 for controlling the pressure adjusting mechanism 206 to bring the supporting pressure to a desired pressure based on a roll off quantity of the wafer W. The top ring 52 comprises an air bag 202 for pressing the wafer W against the polishing pad 201, a retainer ring 203 which surrounds the wafer W, and an air bag 204 for pressing the retainer ring 203.

Abstract: A system for controlling a temperature of a liquid residing within a tank comprises a tank, a first heating element, a first switch, a temperature-based switch, and logic. The first heating element is mounted on the tank, and the temperature-based switch is coupled to the first heating element and to the first switch. The logic is configured to control a state of the first switch based on a temperature of a liquid residing in the tank.

Abstract: By adopting a workpiece transfer apparatus, which grips a workpiece by use of a predetermined grip device and transfers the workpiece between press apparatuses each of which drives a die, including a transfer control device for controlling a position of the grip device based on a resultant target value obtained by combining a die position of a press apparatus located on an upstream side of a workpiece transfer direction (an upstream side die position) and a die position of a press apparatus located on a downstream side of a workpiece transfer direction (a downstream side die position), in which the transfer control device sets a resultant target value so that the grip device moves smoothly, it becomes possible to suppress vibration in a workpiece transfer apparatus in a press line.