Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for dynamic management of multiple device power consumption is disclosed. One or more battery-powered devices may be connected to a power supply for charging. The power supply itself may be another battery-powered device or a dedicated portable charger. The power supply may identify power consumption profiles of the connected devices and determine a power distribution ratio such that the timing of each device's battery depletion may be managed. For example, according to a power distribution profile, a power distribution ratio may be determined such that the projected battery depletion times of all the connected devices substantially coincide with each other. The power supply may distribute power to the connected battery-powered devices according to the determined power distribution ratio and the power distribution ratio may dynamically adapt to changing circumstances such as a device being disconnected, being fully charged, changing its power consumption rate, etc.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an electrical system (1) having a high-voltage section (2) and a low-voltage section (3) which are electrically connected to one another by means of a DC-DC converter (4), wherein the low-voltage section (3) has at least one rechargeable energy store (8) and at least one electrical consumer (9), wherein the DC-DC converter (4) is operated on the basis of an electrical load (P) acting on the low-voltage section (3). In order to determine the load (P), provision is made for all currents flowing through the DC-DC converter (4) to be recorded and added to one another.

Abstract: A controller for a plurality of devices of a building control system that operate in parallel to provide a desired capacity of heating or cooling for a building space includes a capacity identifier configured to identify the desired capacity of heating or cooling for the building space. The controller further includes a combination finder configured to generate a list of combinations of devices that can be energized to provide the desired capacity. The controller further includes a combination filter configured to remove any combinations from the list that do not meet one or more requirements. The controller further includes a combination selector configured to select one of the combinations based on at least one of a runtime and a transition count. The controller further includes a signal generator configured to generate control signals in accordance with the selected combination and operate the plurality of devices using the control signals.

Abstract: A controller for a plurality of devices of a building control system that operate in parallel to provide a desired capacity of heating or cooling for a building space includes a capacity identifier configured to identify the desired capacity of heating or cooling for the building space. The controller further includes a combination finder configured to generate a list of device combinations that can be energized to provide the desired capacity of heating or cooling. The controller further includes a combination filter configured to remove any combinations from the list of combinations that do not meet one or more requirements. The controller further includes a make and break point selector configured to set a series of make and break points. The controller further includes a signal generator configured to generate one or more control signals in accordance with the make and break points used to operate the plurality of devices.

Abstract: An analysis method of coal consumption of the thermal power unit during peak shaving transients includes measuring and recording the coal-feeding rate under different steady-state loads, and then establishing the relationship between the coal-feeding rate and the load, wherein the coal consumption index of the unit during transients can be directly presented by the difference between the real-time coal-feeding rate and a steady-state corresponding value; the total coal increment can be obtained by integrating the real-time coal-feeding rate increment with time; for different loads, the coal consumption increment due to the unit's thermal storage variation can be defined as the thermal storage coal consumption increment; the thermal storage deviation of the unit during transients causes the additional coal consumption, which is defined as the process control coal consumption increment. This work can provide the clear guidance for the fuel control of the thermal power unit during peak shaving processes.

Abstract: A method for automatically enrolling a smart-home device in a demand-response program includes receiving an identification of a user account that is sent from a utility provider computer system based on an agreement that the smart-home device will be enrolled in the demand-response program. The identification of the user account is also sent to indicate to the device management server that the smart-home device should be sent to a location associated with the user account. The method also includes causing the smart-home device to be sent to the location associated with the user account. The method additionally includes receiving an indication from the smart-home device that the smart-home device has been installed at the location associated with the user account, and enrolling the smart-home device in the demand-response program.

Abstract: An air conditioner heating mode control method includes: obtaining an indoor temperature and comparing the indoor temperature with a first indoor temperature threshold as an air conditioner running at the heating mode; performing a dual PID control process if the indoor temperature is less than or equal to the first indoor temperature threshold. The dual PID control process obtains an indoor temperature difference; performs a PID calculation according to the indoor temperature difference to obtain a first target frequency; obtains a coil temperature difference; performs a PID calculation according to the coil temperature difference to obtain a second target frequency; compares the first and second target frequencies; and performs a frequency control on the compressor in which the greater one between the first target frequency and the second target frequency is used as the target frequency. The present invention includes an air conditioner heating mode control device.

Abstract: A system and method for forecasting fuel consumption for indoor thermal conditioning using thermal performance forecast approach with the aid of a digital computer are provided. Average daily outdoor temperatures for a time period are obtained. Historical daily fuel consumption for the time period is obtained. The historical daily fuel consumption is converted into an average daily fuel usage rates for the time period. A continuous frequency distribution of occurrences of the average daily outdoor temperatures is generated. A plot of the daily fuel usage rates versus the average daily outdoor temperatures is created. Fuel consumption for at least a portion of the time period is calculated based on sampling the daily fuel usage rate along a range of average daily outdoor temperatures times the temperatures' respective frequencies of occurrence.

Abstract: A predictive-control approach allows an electricity provider to monitor and proactively manage peak and off-peak residential intra-day electricity usage in an emerging smart energy grid using time-dependent dynamic pricing incentives. The daily load is modeled as time-shifted, but cost-differentiated and substitutable, copies of the continuously-consumed electricity resource, and a consumer-choice prediction model is constructed to forecast the corresponding intra-day shares of total daily load according to this model. This is embedded within an optimization framework for managing the daily electricity usage. A series of transformations are employed, including the reformulation-linearization technique (RLT) to obtain a Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) model representation of the resulting nonlinear optimization problem. In addition, various regulatory and pricing constraints are incorporated in conjunction with the specified profit and capacity utilization objectives.

Abstract: Systems, methods, techniques and apparatuses of feeder line fault response are disclosed. One exemplary embodiment is a method for operating an alternating current (AC) distribution network including a first feeder line, a second feeder line, and a third feeder line. The method includes isolating a faulted portion of the first feeder line from a healthy portion of the first feeder line; closing a tie switch coupled between the healthy portion and the second feeder line in response to isolating the faulted portion from the healthy portion; determining the second feeder line is experiencing an overload condition after closing the tie switch; and transferring AC power including transferring AC power using a direct current (DC) interconnection system coupled to the third feeder line effective to remove the overload condition from the second feeder line.

Abstract: A method for detecting a foreign object between a transmission pad and a reception pad for wireless power transfer (WPT) may comprise steps of performing a zero phase angle (ZPA) control for a power transfer converter included in or connected to the transmission pad; detecting a characteristic parameter with respect to at least one of an input current and a switching frequency of the power transfer converter; and determining whether or not a foreign object exists between the transmission pad and the reception pad according to whether the characteristic parameter with respect to at least one of the input current and the switching frequency deviates from an allowable range.

Abstract: Embodiments provide methods, systems and apparatus for predictive management of efficient selecting and receiving of retail electric utility service to a facility for a period, by automated selecting of a retail utility service provider corresponding to a selected least cost path of predicted rate plan choices across the period, wherein costs of all possible, viable time-bounded predicted rate plan choices are determined for predicted consumer usage where a predicted market of retail rate formulas for the period are predicted in relation to at least one variable, such as weather.

Abstract: A system of modules which control and measure energy usage at a building that are in communication with a software program executing on a remote server controlled by a third party. The third party said usage via the software program that communicates with the modules to modify energy usage and demand for energy and is responsible or liable for energy usage charges the building where the third party does not actually use the energy.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and related technologies for self-training classification are described. In certain aspects, a plurality of device classification methods with associated models are accessed. Each of the classification methods have an associated reliability level. The models of classification methods with a higher reliability level than other classifications methods are used to train the models associated with lower reliability level. The trained models and associated classification methods are thus improved.

Abstract: An energy planning system that proposes an appropriate energy plan for a home includes: a sensor that senses a state of an energy facility in a home; a predictor that predicts a future lifestyle of a resident of the home; and a proposer that determines information about an energy plan for the home based on a result of the sensing by the sensor and the lifestyle predicted by the predictor, and outputs the information.

Abstract: Methods and systems for assessing, detecting, and responding to malfunctions involving components of autonomous vehicles and/or smart homes are described herein. Autonomous operation features and related components can be assessed using direct or indirect data regarding operation. Such assessment may be performed to determine the robustness of autonomous systems, including the use of virtual assessment of software components within a simulated environment. To this end, a server may retrieve one or more routines associated with autonomous operation. The server may also generate a set of test data associated with test conditions. The server may also execute an emulator that virtually simulates autonomous environment. The test data may be presented to the routines executing in the emulator to generate output data. The server may then analyze the output data to determine a quality metric.

Abstract: A power supply and demand prediction system that predicts the power supply and demand of a group including multiple utility customers is provided and includes a communication unit, a demand prediction unit, a power generation prediction unit, and a stored power prediction unit. The communication unit acquires the amount of power stored in each of multiple power storage devices belonging to the group. The demand prediction unit predicts the amount of demand for power for each utility customer. The power generation prediction unit predicts the amount of power generated by each of multiple solar panels belonging to the group. The stored power prediction unit predicts the amount of power stored in each battery on the basis of the amount of stored power acquired for each power storage device, the amount of demand predicted for each utility customer, and the amount of generated power predicted for each solar panel.

Abstract: An example system for driver-to-driver communication can include a first driver located on a first network device and including a transmit data mover (XDM) to send a preformatted message over a fabric interconnect to a second driver located on a second network device. The example system can also include the second driver located on the second network device and including a receive data mover (RDM) to receive the preformatted message, generate an interrupt responsive to receipt of the preformatted message, and route the interrupt to the second driver. The second driver can read the preformatted message responsive to receipt of the interrupt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of controlling a multivalent energy supply system comprising at least two energy generators which use at least two different energy carriers in order to provide energy in the form of heat and/or cold and/or electrical energy. The energy supply system further comprises a closed-loop controller for each energy generator for controlling controlled variables of the energy generator and a control device for coordinatedly controlling the closed-loop controllers. The control device detects at least one energy supply request for at least one energy form of heat and/or cold and/or electrical energy. For each energy generator, the control device determines target values for meeting the at least one energy supply request based on the particular energy carrier being used, wherein the target values may also include instructions for switching the energy generator on or off, and outputs the target values to the closed-loop controllers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of controlling a multivalent energy supply system, wherein the multivalent energy supply system comprises at least two energy generators which use at least two different energy carriers to provide energy in the form of heat and/or cold and/or electrical energy. The energy supply system comprises, for each energy generator, a closed-loop controller for controlling controlled variables of the energy generator and a control device for coordinatedly controlling the closed-loop controllers. The control device detects at least one energy supply request for at least one energy form of heat and/or cold and/or electrical energy and determines a classification of the energy generator into groups according to a specific characteristic of the energy generators, each energy generator being assigned to exactly one group for each energy form that it provides.

Abstract: A method for controlling an electrical distribution network, wherein a network control station is provided to control the electrical distribution network and the electrical distribution network comprises a plurality of balancing areas, wherein each balancing area outputs or receives an exchange power to or from the electrical distribution network, and wherein at least one of the balancing areas has at least one generator, in particular a wind farm, for generating a generator power and additionally at least one consumer for receiving a consumer power, wherein at least one balancing area controller is provided to control the at least one generator or wind farm, and the method comprises the following steps: reception by the balancing area controller from the network control station of a value of an exchange power to be set, wherein the exchange power is defined as a difference between the consumer power and the generator power, drawing up by the balancing area controller of a deployment plan for adherence to or

Abstract: An optimization controller for a battery includes a high level controller configured to receive a regulation signal from an incentive provider at a data fusion module, determine statistics of the regulation signal, and use the statistics of the regulation signal to generate a frequency response midpoint. The optimization controller further includes a low level controller configured to use the frequency response midpoint to determine optimal battery power setpoints and use the optimal battery power setpoints to control an amount of electric power stored or discharged from the battery during a frequency response period.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for energy management in a building by taking information on energy usages of a metered building and matching the energy usage to calculated energy usages for electrical devices.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods for providing load disaggregation, remote monitoring, and controlling a plurality of loads are provided. The apparatus may include a universal embedded metering and control system (UEMCS) and a universal storage and renewable energy interface (USREI). The UEMCS may include a main device engine, a communication module coupled to the main device engine, a multiplexer coupled to the main device engine, a plurality of current sensors coupled to the multiplexer, and at least one voltage sensor coupled to the main device engine. The USREI may be coupleable to at least one of the plurality of current sensors, coupled to at least one renewable energy source, and configured to provide energy output by the at least one renewable energy source to the UEMCS for output to at least one of the plurality of loads.

Abstract: A system for detecting occupancy of an enclosure may include a sensing system adapted to monitor utility information for the enclosure which tends to indicate a likelihood of occupancy of the enclosure. The utility information may include power line information, Smart Meter information, Wi-Fi information, etc. The system may also include a processing system programmed to estimate occupancy of the enclosure based at least in part on the monitored utility information by the sensing system.

Abstract: A management system includes an interface board configured to provide bi-directional communication between a networking device and one or more devices, wherein the interface board is coupled to the networking device and connects to one or more devices via one or more communication protocols supported by one or more devices. The management system further includes a management module connected to the interface board with the management module configured to receive, from the interface board, data packets generated by the one or more devices, and transmit the data packets to a remote server.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a hedge mode plugin increases the ability of an energy storage system to reduce the demand charges associated with purchasing electricity from a utility. A utility measurement interval (UMI) is divided into a pre-discharge phase and a subsequent compensatory charge phase. During the pre-discharge phase, the hedge mode plugin causes an energy storage device to discharge. At the beginning of the compensatory charge phase, the hedge mode plugin computes time-indexed charge values based on the total amount of energy that the energy storage device discharged during the pre-discharge phase. The hedge mode plugin then causes the energy storage device to charge based on at least one of the charge values. By systematically pre-discharging and re-charging the energy device, the hedge mode plugin optimizes the demand reduction effectiveness of the energy storage system during each UMI while stabilizing the state-of-charge of the energy storage device across multiple UMIs.

Abstract: A method, system and program product for quantifying risk of unserved energy in an energy system using a digital simulation. An energy demand forecast is generated based at least in part on a weather model for near term future periods. A plurality of energy supply resources are committed to meet the plurality of energy demand assisted by a plurality of storage devices and associated ancillary services. A probable operating status is specified for each committed energy supply resource in the energy system. Renewable energy resources such as wind, solar cells, and biofuels are also included in the models for energy supply sources. A determination is made as to whether or not the committed supply resources and storage devices are sufficient to meet the energy demand as well as determine the cost of production above a prespecified loss of demand probability (LODP) and expected unserved energy (EUE).

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing power on an electric power grid including a server for communicating IP-based messages over a network with distributed power consuming devices and/or power supplying devices, the IP-based messages including information relating to activities by the power consuming devices and/or the power supplying devices; and wherein the information is transformed by the system into settlement grade data corresponding to the activities of the power consuming devices and/or the power supplying devices.

Abstract: A method for managing the operation of an AC power distribution network to which connect a plurality of electric vehicles, at random times and at random locations to receive electrical energy for charging. The AC power distribution network is characterized by a dynamic state of balance between power generation and load, and it has an operating reserve which is a supplemental power generation capacity available to the AC power distribution network. The method includes the step of forecasting a power-supply contribution that would be available to the AC power distribution network from the electric vehicles connected to the AC power distribution network in the event the AC power distribution network experiences a state of imbalance resulting from a power-generation deficit. The method further includes adjusting the magnitude of the operating reserve on the basis of the forecasting.

Abstract: A monitoring system has one or more voltage sensors configured integral in a single housing for detecting a voltage of a power cable of a transformer and one or more current sensors integral in the single housing configured for detecting a current in the power cable of a transformer. Further, the monitoring sensor has at least one internal sensor integral with the voltage sensor and the current sensor, the internal sensor configured for detecting operational data corresponding to the distribution transformer and a processor configured to receive operational data indicative of the detected operational value and perform an action based upon the operational data received.

Abstract: A received power control device (200) that performs control of received energy, which is an amount of power received from a power system per predetermined time at a power receiving point to which a load (302) and an electric storage device (303) are electrically connected, the received power control device (200) performing the control by controlling charge and discharge of at least the electric storage device (303), including: a received energy obtainer (201) that periodically obtains information indicating the received energy; a controller (202) that causes at least the electric storage device (303) to discharge to prevent the received energy from exceeding a first threshold; a remaining capacity obtainer (203) that periodically obtains information indicating a remaining capacity of the electric storage device (303); and a threshold setter (204) that increases the first threshold when an amount of decrease in the remaining capacity per unit time exceeds a second threshold.

Abstract: A building energy system includes equipment and an asset allocator configured to determine an optimal allocation of energy loads across the equipment over a prediction horizon. The asset allocator generates several potential scenarios and generates an individual cost function for each potential scenario. Each potential scenario includes a predicted load required by the building and predicted prices for input resources. Each individual cost function includes a cost of purchasing the input resources from utility suppliers. The asset allocator generates a resource balance constraint and solves an optimization problem to determine the optimal allocation of the energy loads across the equipment. Solving the optimization problem includes optimizing an overall cost function that includes a weighted sum of individual cost functions for each potential scenario subject to the resource balance constraint for each potential scenario.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and computer program product. Weather forecast data is generated with respect to an area encompassing a location of a solar farm by a computer system. Solar power output by the solar farm is forecasted by the computer system based on the generated weather forecast data. Forecasted solar power output data is generated by the computer system based on the forecasted solar power output by the solar farm. A power grid operation, including one or both of a power grid balancing operation and a power grid optimization operation, is performed based on the forecasted solar power output data.

Abstract: Techniques for identifying electrical theft are described herein. In an example, a secondary voltage of a transformer may be inferred by repeated voltage and current measurement at each meter associated with the transformer. A difference in measured voltage values, divided by a difference in measured current values, estimates impedance at the meter. The calculated impedance, together with measured voltage and current values, determine a voltage at the transformer secondary. Such voltages calculated by each meter associated with a transformer may be averaged, to indicate the transformer secondary voltage. A transformer having lower-than-expected secondary voltage is identified, based in part on comparison to the secondary voltages of other transformers. Each meter associated with the identified transformer may be evaluated to determine if the unexpected voltage is due to a load on the transformer. If a load did not result in the unexpected secondary voltage, power diversion may be reported.

Abstract: An energy optimization system for a building includes a processing circuit configured to provide a first bid including one or more first participation hours and a first load reduction amount for each of the one or more first participation hours to a computing system. The processing circuit is configured to operate one or more pieces of building equipment based on one or more first equipment loads and receive one or more awarded or rejected participation hours from the computing system responsive to the first bid. The processing circuit is configured to generate one or more second participation hours, a second load reduction amount for each of the one or more second participation hours, and one or more second equipment loads based on the one or more awarded or rejected participation hours and operate the one or more pieces of building equipment based on the one or more second equipment loads.

Abstract: Example apparatus, systems and methods for cloud-based simulation and control of building systems are disclosed and described herein. An example apparatus includes a control center including a processor configured to implement a modeler to generate a model of a target building infrastructure based on weather data, usage data, and building properties information. The example processor is configured to implement a building energy simulator to simulate energy usage for the target building using the model and scenario parameters. The example simulator is to simulate a plurality of scenarios with respect to the model to determine the configuration information for the one or more facility environmental controllers at the target building. The example simulator is to calculate a value associated with each simulated scenario and facilitate comparison of the values to generate the configuration information corresponding to a selected value to be selected from the values associated with the simulated scenarios.

Abstract: There is provided a method and system for making payment for a service at a service station which allow users to make payment even when their mobile devices lose data connectivity and when there is a high turnover of users at the service station. In addition, the method and system can lead to enhanced revenues at the service stations as well as improved user experiences when making payments at service stations.

Abstract: A predictive power control system includes a battery configured to store and discharge electric power, a battery power inverter configured to control an amount of the electric power stored or discharged from the battery, and a controller. The controller is configured to predict a power output of a photovoltaic field and use the predicted power output of the photovoltaic field to determine a setpoint for the battery power inverter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of controlling an energy supply system comprising at least two energy generators each configured to provide at least one form of energy of heat and/or cold and/or electrical energy. The energy supply system further comprises one closed-loop controller per energy generator for controlling the energy generator and a control device coordinatedly controlling the closed-loop controllers. The control device detects an energy supply request for providing energy in the form of heat and/or cold and/or electrical energy and determines for each energy form which energy generators are required to meet the energy supply request. For each energy form, the control device generates switch-on requests for the energy generators required to meet the energy supply system and switch-off requests for the energy generators not required.

Abstract: A method for releasing a locking system including a vehicle for a power supply line to supply power to the vehicle. A message is generated by a requesting user by a transmitter and relayed to a portable computer unit of a user of the vehicle. The message provides the user of the vehicle with an option to generate a control command for releasing the locking system. If the user of the vehicle should activate the option for generating the control command, the control command for releasing the locking system is generated and transmitted to the vehicle.

Abstract: A variable refrigerant flow system includes one or more outdoor units and a first indoor unit of a plurality of indoor units configured to receive refrigerant from the one or more outdoor units. The first indoor unit is configured to serve a first building zone. The variable refrigerant flow system also includes a user input device configured to receive a user command requesting heating or cooling of the first building zone by the first indoor unit. The variable refrigerant flow system also includes a controller configured to receive the command from the user input device, receive an indication of a current price of energy, in response to receiving the command generate a constraint on a capacity of the one or more outdoor units based on the current price of energy, and control the one or more outdoor units to operate in accordance with the constraint.

Abstract: A system for a plurality of thermostats each located in a different building in a neighborhood. Each thermostat includes a processing circuit configured to receive one or more assigned operating time slots from an analytics service and operate building equipment associated with the thermostat based on the one or more assigned operating time slots. The system further includes the analytics service. The analytics service includes a processing circuit configured to receive weather forecast data from a weather service and predict a period of time during which an energy usage peak will occur for the plurality of buildings based on the weather forecast data, determine the one or more operating time slots based on the period of time, assign the one or more operating time slots to each of the plurality of thermostats, and send the one or more assigned operating time slots to the plurality of thermostats.

Abstract: A reactive power optimization method for integrated transmission and distribution networks related to a field of operation and control technology of an electric power system is provided. The reactive power optimization method includes: establishing a reactive power optimization model for a transmission and distribution network consisting of a transmission network and a plurality of distribution networks, in which the reactive power optimization model includes an objective function and a plurality of constraints; performing a second order cone relaxation on a non-convex constraint of a plurality of distribution network constraints of the plurality of constraints; and solving the reactive power optimization model by using a generalized Benders decomposition method so as to control each generator in the transmission network and each generator in the plurality of distribution networks.

Abstract: Heating and cooling systems at various geographical locations are controlled by a central energy management service unit to maintain comfortable indoor temperatures. In some weather conditions, people may intuitively prefer a slightly warmer or cooler indoor temperature. In systems equipped with environmental learning capabilities, an apparent outdoor temperature is determined based on the geographic location itself, the season at the geographic location, the forecasted actual temperature, and one or more seasonal weather factors such as wind velocity or humidity. The apparent temperature and a trained machine learning system are used to select an automated schedule for the geographic location to be directly transmitted to devices at the location. The automated schedule can vary from typical schedules by causing the heating and cooling systems to maintain a temperature that is slightly warmer or cooler than typical indoor temperatures.

Abstract: The invention teaches a system and method for reducing energy consumption in commercial buildings. The invention provides development of certain mechanical heat profiles and use of such profiles in an automated optimization method. Outputs communicate with the building management system of the commercial building, and regulate the heating system during a season when the building activates the heating system. Various embodiments are taught.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for smart electric power grid communication are disclosed in the present invention. At least one grid element transmits at least one registration message over an Internet Protocol (IP)-based network to at least one coordinator. The at least one coordinator registers the at least one grid element upon receipt of the at least one registration message. The at least one grid element automatically and/or autonomously transforms into at least one active grid element for actively functioning in the electric power grid. The at least one coordinator tracks based on revenue grade metrology an amount of power available for the electric power grid or a curtailment power available from the at least one active grid element.

Abstract: A power generation prediction system using a first neural network and a second neural network is provided, and the first neural network is connected to the second neural network. The first neural network receives first input data, and generates the amount prediction data according to the first input data. The first input data is used to determine amount prediction data, and the amount prediction data is used to determine power generation prediction data. The second neural network receives the amount prediction data, and calculates the power generation prediction data according to the amount prediction data. When a device in a selected area is deteriorated or reinstalled, the second neural network is fine-tuned and trained again.

Abstract: Systems and methods for time use optimization are provided. One embodiment of a method includes determining time of use pricing data associated with purchase of energy from an energy provider, partitioning a predetermined amount of time into a plurality of segments, where the plurality of segments corresponds with the higher cost tier and the lower cost tier, and creating an energy set point schedule for setting a set point of a controllable device, where the energy set point schedule sets the set point of the controllable device to a predetermined value for each of the plurality of segments. Some embodiments include determining energy utilized by the controllable device during at least a portion of the energy set point schedule and iteratively altering the energy set point schedule, based on a comparison of the energy utilized and a current status of the energy set point schedule.

Abstract: A controller for a wind turbine is disclosed, comprising: a processor; an input/output interface; and a memory including instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: i) select a setting xi from a list of settings X1, . . . , XN; ii) operate the turbine according to setting Xi for a period of time t1; iii) record a power output signal over t1; iv) repeat steps i) to iii) for another setting in X1, . . . , XN until all N settings have been used; v) repeat steps i) to iv) for a number of cycles c; vi) calculate a summarized power output for each setting over all cycles; and vii) compare the summarized power outputs across settings and determine whether any setting X* results in a higher power output than other settings tested. A method of identifying power production improvements in a wind turbine, a computer program and a wind turbine are also disclosed.